JPH0925664A - Housing structure and apartment house - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To realize a free and ample living environment by effectively making use of a building site. SOLUTION: This housing structure 2 is constituted of the lower structure 4 forming the lower half and the upper structure 6 forming the upper half. The sectional shape of the lower structure 4 is bent to make an arcuate form and protrude downward. On the other hand, the sectional shape of the upper structure 6 is bent to make an arcuate form and protrude upward. A floor 13 is arranged on the lower structure 4 and habitable rooms 4d are installed thereon. Panels made of aluminum, glass, plastics, wood, etc., are stuck to the lower and upper structures 4, 6 to form the external walls thereof. The whole of external walls may be made opaque or a part thereof may be transparent windows. The housing structure 2 is installed on an appropriate foundation constructed on the ground. Since the lower structure is bent as above-mentioned, spaces are brought at the lower parts of both ends, the ground surface of the spaces can be used as gardens or a parking area.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a house and an apartment house.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The cost required to secure a residence is very high for individuals, and especially in urban areas, the cost is extremely high because the land price is extremely high. Therefore, in order to keep costs as low as possible in urban areas, it is necessary to reduce the site area.

Also, to mitigate the effects of high land prices 1
One method is to increase the number of houses, so many apartments such as condominiums are built in urban areas. And as for the building itself, as a thing that realizes cost reduction, and further that it is possible to shorten the construction period,
Prefabricated industrialized houses are widespread.

[0004]

As described above, the land area of the houses has to be narrowed due to the high land price in the urban areas, and as a result, the houses with narrow gardens are densely constructed. However, it does not provide a comfortable living environment such as enjoying flowers and trees, and it is difficult to secure a parking lot.

On the other hand, in the case of an apartment house, a plurality of dwelling units are in contact with each other with a ceiling wall, a floor wall and a side wall separated from each other, so that there is a problem of noise, and as shown schematically in FIG.
Since the dwelling units 102 are stacked, the sunlight a is incident only from the side surface, and depending on the room, no solar radiation or almost no solar radiation may be obtained.
Furthermore, it is impossible to take in outside air directly into any room and distribute it.

[0006] Further, the prefabricated industrialized house has hitherto been focused on lowering the price and shortening the construction period, and it has been insufficient to provide a comfortable living environment. The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and an object thereof is to realize a comfortable living environment by effectively utilizing a site and an excellent living environment. To provide an apartment house.

[0007]

To achieve the above object, a housing structure according to the present invention comprises an upper half portion and a lower half portion extending in a horizontal direction, and the extending direction of the lower half portion. The cross-sectional contour in the direction orthogonal to is uniformly configured, and the outer surface of the lower half portion forming the left and right side portions and the lower portion of the cross-sectional contour has a downward convex single curve extending in the extending direction. It is characterized by being formed of a curved surface. Further, the present invention is characterized in that the upper half portion and the lower half portion have the same width. In the present invention, the curved surface is a cylindrical surface, and the center of the radius of the cylindrical surface is
It is characterized in that it is located on the center line of the left and right width of the lower half part. Further, in the present invention, the cross-sectional contour of the upper half portion in a direction orthogonal to the extending direction is uniformly configured, and the outer surface of the upper half portion forming the left and right side portions of the cross-sectional contour is upward. It is characterized in that a convex single curve is constituted by a curved surface formed to extend in the extending direction. Further, the present invention is characterized in that the curved surface of the lower half portion and the curved surface of the upper half portion are the same curved surface. Further, the present invention is characterized in that the cross sectional contour of the lower half portion and the cross sectional contour of the upper half portion are vertically symmetrical. In addition, the housing complex according to the present invention is characterized in that a plurality of the above-mentioned housing structures are supported by a supporting member at upper and lower intervals.

According to the present invention, since the left and right side portions of the lower half of the house structure and the outer surface of the lower part thereof are formed by curved surfaces which are convex downward, both ends of the curved surface when the house structure is installed on the ground. A space is created between the section and the ground. Moreover, since the housing complex of the present invention is configured to include a plurality of the above-mentioned housing structures of the present invention and a supporting member that supports them, even when the respective housing structures are stacked and arranged, each housing The top and bottom surfaces of the structure are always separated from the top or bottom surfaces of other residential structures. Therefore, it is advantageous in terms of lighting, ventilation, and sound insulation.

[0009]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described. 1 and 2 are views showing a housing structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a sectional side view of the same, FIG. 2 (A) is a plan view of a first floor portion, and FIG. 2 (B) is 2 The top view of a floor part is shown. This housing structure is composed of a lower structure 4 forming a lower half part and an upper structure 6 forming an upper half part. In the embodiment, the lower structure 4 forms a first floor portion, and the upper structure 6 forms The second floor is formed. It should be noted that the inner space between the lower structure 4 and the upper structure 6 may be formed on a single floor, or 3
Of course, it is optional to construct it on more than one floor.

FIG. 3 is an external view of the framework of the lower structure 4 and upper structure 6, and FIG. 4 is an external view of the framework unit.
5 is a plan view of the lower frame unit, FIG. 6 is a plan view of the upper frame unit, and FIG. 7 is a side view of a connecting portion between the lower frame unit and the upper frame unit. Lower structure 4
The skeleton of the lower skeleton unit 4 is, as shown in FIG.
a is configured by combining three, and the skeleton of the upper structure 6 is configured by combining three upper framing units 6a.

The lower frame unit 4a is composed of two beams 8 positioned at the ends and a plurality of beams connecting them. The beams 8 are curved in an arc shape, and a surface formed by each beam 8 and a line segment connecting both ends of each beam 8 is vertical, and is arranged so as to be convex downward and parallel to each other. ing. Between the two beams 8, as shown in FIG. 5, two beams 10a and 10b having the same length are arranged in parallel to each other and perpendicular to the beam 8 to connect the two beams 8 to each other. are doing. The distance from the end of each beam 8 to each beam 10a, 10b is the same.

A beam 10c is passed between the midpoints of the beams 10a and 10b, and beams 10d and 10e are passed between the beam 10c and the midpoint of each beam 8. The beam 10c
Is curved in an arc shape with the same radius of curvature as the beam 8,
Like, is arranged so as to be convex downward. In addition, the beams 10f, 1 are provided between the midpoint of the beam 10a and each end of the beam 8.
0g are passed diagonally, while beams 10h and 10i are provided between the midpoint of beam 10b and each end on the opposite side of beam 8.
Are passed diagonally. The beams 10h and 10i
May extend linearly or may extend curvedly.

Beams 12 are arranged between both ends of each beam 8 as shown in FIG. Two beams 1
Between the two, the beams 12 of the same length between their ends.
c and 12d are arranged to connect the two beams 12.
2 on each beam 8 at positions equidistant from its midpoint.
Book columns 12e and 12f are erected to support the beam 12.

The upper frame unit 6a is composed of two beams 14 located at the ends and a plurality of beams connecting them, and basically has the same width and the same height as the lower frame unit 4a. It has a similar structure. That is,
As shown in FIG. 4, in this embodiment, the beam 14 is curved in an arc shape with the same radius of curvature as the beam 8, and the surface formed by each beam 14 and the line segment connecting both ends of each beam is It is vertical, convex upward, and parallel. Between the two beams 14, as shown in FIG. 6, two beams 16a and 16b having the same length are arranged parallel to each other and perpendicular to the beam 14, and the two beams 14 are connected to each other. are doing. Each beam 14
The distances from the ends to the beams 16a and 16b are the same.

A beam 16c is provided between the midpoints of the beams 16a and 16b, and beams 16d and 16e are provided between the beam 16c and the midpoint of each beam 14. The beam 16
c is curved in an arc shape with the same radius of curvature as the beam 14,
Like the beam 14, it is arranged so as to be convex upward. In addition, the beam 1 is provided between the midpoint of the beam 16 a and each end of the beam 14.
6f and 16g are each passed diagonally, while beam 16b
Beam 16 between the midpoint and each end of beam 14 on the opposite side.
h and 16i are passed diagonally. The beams 8, 10a to 10i, 12, 12c, 12d, 14, 1
6a to 16i and the columns 12e and 12f are all made of steel aggregate in this embodiment.

In the frame of the housing structure 2 of this embodiment, the lower frame unit 4a and the upper frame unit 6a having such a structure are vertically aligned, and the three upper frame units 6a and the three lower frame units 4a are horizontally arranged. It is configured to be connected to. Three lower frame units 4a
Are connected in the horizontal direction, the cross-sectional contour of the lower structure 4 in the direction orthogonal to the extending direction is substantially uniform, and the three upper frame units 6a are connected in the horizontal direction. The cross-sectional contour in the direction orthogonal to the extending direction of the upper structure 6 is substantially uniform.

The three adjacent upper frame units 6a and lower frame units 4a share the beams 8, 14, 12, etc., or the beams 12d, 12c are extended to use a single beam 12d, 12c, etc. Are linked together. Since the upper skeleton unit 6a and the three lower skeleton units 4a of this embodiment have a simple structure, such a connection is easy and the size of the living space can be freely adjusted as needed. The upper skeleton unit 6a and the lower skeleton unit 4a are connected at the ends of the beams 8 and 14 of each frame, and the details of the connection are as shown in FIG. That is, at both ends of each beam 12, plate members 122 and 124 are arranged on the upper and lower surfaces thereof so that the surfaces are vertical and parallel to the longitudinal direction of the beam 12. On the other hand, the end faces of the beams 8 and 14 are horizontal, a plate member 128 is arranged on the end face of the beam 8 in parallel with the plate member 124, and a plate member 126 is attached to the end face of the beam 14. Are arranged in parallel with. Then, holes are opened at corresponding predetermined positions of each of the plate bodies 122, 124, 126, 128. When connecting the beam 8 and the beam 14, these holes are aligned and a predetermined bolt is inserted. Then, screw in the nut and tighten to fix.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, a floor 13 made of, for example, wood is formed on the beam 8 in a region surrounded by six columns 12e and 12f. FIG.
As shown in, the bedrooms 42 and 44, the living room 46, the kitchen, and the like are formed by arranging columns and walls on the floor 13 and partitioning them. Under the floor 13, as shown in FIG. 1, pipes 1 for electricity, gas, water, sewer, telephone, etc.
3a is laid. Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the floor 12 made of, for example, wood is also provided between the two beams 12.
a is formed to form the second floor portion, and the second floor portion and the first floor portion are connected by stairs 48. In this example, the second floor is a space where flowers and trees are arranged to form a roof garden. Of course, it is also possible to omit the columns 12e and 12f and secure the strength and rigidity of the housing structure 2 only by the upper frame unit 6a and the lower frame units 4a.

An outer wall (outer surface) is constructed by attaching a panel of a predetermined material from the outside to each upper frame unit 6a and each lower frame unit 4a. This panel can be attached to each window formed by the various beams described above. For example, in the case of the lower frame unit 4a, as shown in FIG.
For the window 11a formed by b, 10c, and 10d, a rectangular panel of a predetermined material that matches the size of this window 11a is prepared, and its four sides are attached to each beam, and the beams are attached to the beam with screws or the like. Install. Also, the beams 10h, 10i, 1
For the window 11b formed by 2d, this window 1
A triangular, predetermined material panel matching 1a is likewise attached.

As the material of each panel, various materials such as metal such as aluminum, glass, plastic, wood and the like can be used, and it is also possible to use panels made of different materials depending on the mounting position. For example, a transparent plate material such as a glass plate may be attached to the triangular window 11b and the like, and an opaque plate material such as an aluminum plate may be attached to the rectangular window formed by other beams.

The above-mentioned panel does not necessarily have to be attached to each window constituted by each beam, and one large panel can be attached to a plurality of windows constituted by each beam. Is. On the other hand, a panel such as a metal such as aluminum, glass, plastic, or wood is attached between the beams 8 and 14 on the end faces of the lower structure 4 and the upper structure 6 at both ends in the extending direction. , The side wall.

The lower structure 4 is constructed by attaching various panels to the lower frame unit 4a and forming an outer wall. The upper part of the lower structure 4 is a flat plane, and the left and right side parts and the outer surface of the lower part are , A downwardly convex single curve is formed by a curved surface extending in the extending direction of the lower structure 4, and in the embodiment, the curved surface is a cylindrical surface, and the center of the radius of this cylindrical surface is
It is located on the center line of the lateral width of the cross-sectional contour of the lower structure 4. Further, the upper structure 6 is configured by attaching various panels to the upper frame unit 6a and forming an outer wall. The lower part of the upper structure 6 is a flat plane, and the left and right side parts and the outer surface of the upper part are A single curve that is convex upward is configured by a curved surface that extends in the extending direction of the upper structure 6, and in the embodiment, the curved surface is a cylindrical surface, and the center of the radius of this cylindrical surface is
It is located on the center line of the horizontal width of the cross-sectional contour of the upper structure 6. In the embodiment, the cylindrical surfaces of the lower structure 4 and the upper structure 6 have the same curved surface, and the cross-sectional contour in the direction orthogonal to the extending direction of the lower structure 4 and the extension of the upper structure 6 are formed. The cross-sectional contours in the direction orthogonal to the present direction are substantially the same except that the projecting directions of the cylindrical surfaces are reversed, and the cross-sectional contours of the lower structure 4 and the upper structure 6 are vertically symmetrical.

When installing the housing structure 2, as shown in FIG. 8, a foundation 18 made of concrete is laid on, for example, four places on the ground, and the housing structure 2 is placed on the foundation 18.
Fix it. The position of the foundation 18 is preferably directly below the columns 12e and 12f in order to secure sufficient strength.
The height of the foundation 18 can be set to various heights depending on the situation of the installation site, but for example, the height may be set such that the distance between the bottom of the lower structure 4 and the ground is about 70 cm.

In the housing structure 2 of this embodiment, the left and right side portions of the lower structure 4 and the outer surface of the lower part are curved downward,
Spaces A are formed below both ends of the lower structure 4. Therefore, the part of the space A can be used as a garden, and residents can enjoy planting flowers and trees, for example. Further, when a transparent glass plate, for example, is arranged in a triangular window portion formed in association with the diagonal beams 10f, 10g, 10h, and 10i, that portion becomes a window of a house, and the resident does not You can enjoy and enjoy the flowers and trees above through the window. Further, the above-mentioned part of the space A can be used not only as a garden but also as a parking space. That is, the housing structure of the present embodiment can effectively utilize the site and realize a comfortable living environment.

When the housing structure 2 is arranged on the foundation, if a seismic isolation device 18b is arranged between the foundation 18a and the lower structure 4 as shown in FIG. It can be absorbed, and high safety against earthquakes can be secured. In the housing structure 2 of this embodiment, on the beam 12,
Although the floor 12a forming the second floor is formed as described above, it is of course possible to provide a living room on the second floor, but as shown in FIG. It can also be a garden. In that case, in order to take in sunlight as much as possible, the upper frame unit 6a
A transparent glass or plastic panel may be used as the panel attached to the outside of the. Further, in the spaces 4b on both sides of the lower structure 4, for example, a shelf member 4c or the like is provided, which can be effectively used as a floor to expand the living room 4d or as a storage space.

Although the extension lengths of the lower structure 4 and the upper structure 6 are the same in the embodiment, the extension lengths of the lower structure 4 and the upper structure 6 may be different. Further, although the cylindrical surface is used as the curved surface of the outer wall of the lower structure 4 and the upper structure 6 in the embodiment, it is not necessarily a cylindrical surface, and for example, a curve forming a part of an ellipse may be extended in the horizontal direction. The same effect can be obtained by forming a curved surface. Further, the house structure 2 of the present embodiment can be assembled from the skeleton to the panel mounting at the installation site. The cost and the construction period can be shortened. In that case, for example, each of the upper structure 6 and the lower structure 4 is completed in the factory until the panel is mounted, and then transported to the site in that state, and the upper structure 6 and the lower structure 4 are transported. The housing structure 2 may be constructed by connecting the above. In addition, in the housing structure 2 of the present embodiment, the upper structure 6 also has the curved structure as described above, and therefore the housing structure 2 in which the arch-shaped upper structure 6 and the lower structure 4 are connected to each other is configured. Is extremely strong. Further, since the upper structure 6 has the same structure as that of the lower structure 4, the main parts of the lower frame units 4a and 6a can be shared, which is advantageous for cost reduction.

Next, an embodiment of the housing complex of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 10A is a front view of the present embodiment, and FIG. 10B is a side view of the same. The housing complex 50 is a housing complex in which six housing structures 2 of the above-described embodiment are arranged. In the housing complex 50, eight pillars 24 are erected on the ground, and a beam 26 is passed between them so that 3
Houses 2 are stacked one above the other, and a total of 6 housing structures 2 are placed on each beam 26, and also installed and fixed on the ground, and 202 in the figure indicates a window. A connecting portion 25 is formed in a portion surrounded by four pillars 24 in the central portion, and stairs from the first floor to the third floor are provided in the internal space, and each of the six housing structures 2 is provided. It connects to the doorway formed on the side of the.

In such an apartment house 50, as shown in FIG. 11, the lower surface of the housing structure 2 on the upper floor (the left and right side portions of the lower structure 4 and the outer surface of the lower portion) is curved, and therefore, FIG.
Unlike the case of the conventional apartment house in which the upper and lower dwelling units are in close contact with each other, the upper surface of the downstairs housing structure 2 (upper structure 6
The left and right side of and the outer surface of the upper part) must be on the upper floor of the residential structure 2.
Separated from the underside of. Therefore, the downstairs housing structure 2
However, the sunlight a can be made to enter in a wide range from the upper surface. Therefore, when a window made of transparent glass or the like is provided in the vicinity of the apex of the upper structure 6, for example, natural light can be taken into the interior, and it becomes possible to illuminate from the ceiling, which was impossible in the conventional housing. .

In the housing complex 50, the upper surface and the lower surface of each housing structure 2 are always separated from the upper surface or the lower surface of the other housing structure 2. Therefore, by appropriately opening the window, the air b can be removed. The air can be circulated in the house structure 2 and discharged to perform ventilation very well, and outside air can be directly taken into the living room at the center of the house structure 2 from the outside. That is, sufficient natural ventilation can be performed in any living room without using mechanical equipment.

Furthermore, in this housing complex 50, since each housing structure 2 is always arranged separately from the other housing structures 2 installed above and below, vibration or noise from other dwelling units through the ceiling or floor. It is not transmitted, and a good living environment can be obtained in this respect as well. And, although it is a condominium, since each dwelling unit is separated, the dweller can live as a detached house.

Such an apartment house using the housing structure 2 can have various forms. For example, each housing structure 2 is shown in FIG.
It is also possible to further improve the lighting and ventilation of each dwelling unit by arranging as shown in FIG. In the case of an apartment house, electricity, water, etc. to each dwelling unit are supplied in the form shown in FIG. That is, in each house structure 2, since the electric and water pipes 13a are arranged under the floor corresponding to the floor 13 of the house structure 2, these pipes 13a are arranged.
Are exposed to the side surface 40a of the housing structure 2 and are connected to a common piping 13b provided outside, for example, to a piping system 13c buried in the ground. In addition, plumbing 1
In addition to electricity and water, 3a includes pipes for gas, sewer, telephone and the like.

[0032]

As described above, the housing structure according to the present invention is composed of an upper half portion and a lower half portion that extend in the horizontal direction, and is formed in a direction orthogonal to the extending direction of the lower half portion. The cross-sectional contour is uniformly configured, and the left and right side portions of the lower half portion and the outer surface of the lower portion are curved surfaces formed by downwardly projecting single curves extending in the extending direction. Therefore, when the housing structure is installed on the ground, a space is created between the both ends of the curved surface and the ground, and the ground in this space is used as a garden, for example, flowers and trees can be planted and enjoyed. it can. Further, when the predetermined area of the curved surface is, for example, a glass window, the resident can appreciate and enjoy the flowers and trees through the window. Furthermore, the above space portion can be used not only as a garden but also as a parking space. Therefore, the housing structure of the present invention can effectively utilize the site to realize a comfortable living environment.

The housing complex of the present invention comprises a plurality of housing structures of the present invention and a supporting member for supporting them. Therefore, in this housing complex, the upper surface of the downstairs housing structure is always the upper surface of the downstairs housing structure because the lower surface of the upstairs housing structure is curved even when the housing structures are stacked and arranged. Separated from the underside of. Therefore, the sunlight can be made to enter a wide range from both the downstairs residential structure and the upper surface. Therefore, even if a window made of transparent glass or the like is provided near the center of the ceiling, natural light can be taken into the interior, and it is possible to take light from the ceiling, which was impossible in the past.

Further, since the upper surface and the lower surface of each housing structure are always separated from the upper surface or the lower surface of the other housing structure, air can be circulated in the housing structure by appropriately opening the windows on the upper surface and the lower surface. In addition, the air can be discharged and ventilated very well, and the outside air can be directly taken into the living room at the center of the housing structure. That is, sufficient natural ventilation can be performed in any living room without using mechanical equipment.

Further, since each house structure is always arranged separately from other house structures installed above and below, vibration or noise will not be transmitted from other houses through the ceiling or floor. However, a good living environment can be obtained. And, although it is a condominium, since each dwelling unit is separated, the dweller can live as a detached house.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional side view showing an example of a housing structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 (A) is a plan view of the first floor portion of the housing structure,
(B) is a plan view of the second floor portion.

FIG. 3 is an external view of a framework of a housing structure.

FIG. 4 is an external view of a frame unit.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of a lower frame unit.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of the upper frame unit.

FIG. 7 is a side view of a connecting portion between a lower frame unit and an upper frame unit.

FIG. 8 is a side view showing a state in which a housing structure is installed.

FIG. 9 is another side view showing a state where the housing structure is installed.

FIG. 10A is a front view showing an example of an apartment house including a housing structure in which a plurality of housing structures are connected together;
(B) is the same side view.

FIG. 11 is a schematic side view of an apartment house.

FIG. 12 is a side view showing another example of an apartment house according to the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a side view showing still another example of the housing complex according to the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing piping for electricity, water, etc. in the housing complex of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a schematic view showing a conventional apartment house.

[Explanation of symbols]

2 Housing structure 4 Lower structure 6 Upper structure 8, 10a to 10i, 12, 12c, 12d, 14, 1
6a-16i Beam 11a, 11b Window 12a, 13 Floor 24 Pillar 25 Connection part 50 Apartment house

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. An upper half portion and a lower half portion extending in a horizontal direction, wherein a cross-sectional contour of the lower half portion in a direction orthogonal to the extending direction is uniformly configured, A housing structure, wherein an outer surface of a lower half portion which forms a lower right portion and a lower portion is formed by a curved surface formed by a downwardly convex single curve extending in the extending direction. 2. The housing structure according to claim 1, wherein the upper half portion and the lower half portion have the same width. 3. The housing structure according to claim 1, wherein the curved surface is a cylindrical surface, and the center of the radius of the cylindrical surface is located on the center line of the left-right width of the lower half portion. 4. The cross-sectional contour of the upper half portion in a direction orthogonal to the extending direction is uniformly configured, and the outer surface of the upper half portion that forms the left and right side portions of the cross-sectional contour is convex upward. The housing structure according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the single curved line is formed by a curved surface formed to extend in the extending direction. 5. The housing structure according to claim 4, wherein the lower half curved surface and the upper half curved surface are the same curved surface. 6. The housing structure according to claim 1, wherein the cross-sectional contour of the lower half and the cross-sectional contour of the upper half are vertically symmetrical. 7. A housing complex in which a plurality of the housing structures according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 are respectively supported by a supporting member at upper and lower intervals.