JPH09255303A - Production of hydrogen from cellulosic biomass by utilizing solar heat - Google Patents

Production of hydrogen from cellulosic biomass by utilizing solar heat

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Publication number
JPH09255303A
JPH09255303A JP8064304A JP6430496A JPH09255303A JP H09255303 A JPH09255303 A JP H09255303A JP 8064304 A JP8064304 A JP 8064304A JP 6430496 A JP6430496 A JP 6430496A JP H09255303 A JPH09255303 A JP H09255303A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
hydrogen
heat
medium
cellulosic biomass
gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP8064304A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2736331B2 (en
Inventor
Shinya Yokoyama
伸也 横山
Tomoko Ogi
知子 小木
Tomoaki Minowa
智朗 美濃輪
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology AIST
Original Assignee
Agency of Industrial Science and Technology
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Priority to JP8064304A priority Critical patent/JP2736331B2/en
Priority to CA002199435A priority patent/CA2199435C/en
Priority to GB9704772A priority patent/GB2310865B/en
Publication of JPH09255303A publication Critical patent/JPH09255303A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2736331B2 publication Critical patent/JP2736331B2/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing hydrogen from biomass using solar heat as a heat source. SOLUTION: This process produces the hydrogen from the cellulosic biomass in the following manner: (i) A heat medium is heated to >=300 deg.C by light condensing and/or heat collecting of the solar heat. (ii) The hydrogen is formed by heating the cellulosic biomass in a reactor in the presence of a hydrogen activated metallic catalyst and aq. medium under a pressure above the satd. vapor pressure of the aq. medium by using the high-temp. heat medium obtd. in the heat medium heating stage. (iii) A heat exchange is effected between the high- temp. reaction product obtd. in the hydrogen forming stage and a raw material slurry liquid consisting of a mixture composed of the cellulosic biomass and the aq. medium. (iv) The raw material slurry liquid obtd. in the heat exchange stage is supplied to the reactor. (v) The reaction product obtd. in the heat exchange stage is subjected to sepn. of gas from the liquid.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【０００１】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は太陽熱を利用したセ
ルロース系バイオマスからの水素の製造方法に関するも
のである。TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for producing hydrogen from cellulosic biomass using solar heat.

【０００２】[0002]

【従来の技術】水素を製造する方法には大きく分けて、
炭素原料の水蒸気改質反応により製造する方法、亜硫酸
ガスとヨウ素あるいは臭素と水との化学反応により製造
する方法、水の電気分解により製造する方法の３つがあ
る。現在、産業界で広く行われている方法は、この中で
炭素原料の水蒸気改質反応法である。これは、有機物を
水蒸気雰囲気中で十分高温（８００〜１，２００℃）で
加熱すると、有機物が分解し、水素と一酸化炭素とから
なる合成ガスになる反応である（ＣＨｘＯｙ＋（１−
ｙ）Ｈ2Ｏ→（ｘ／２＋１−ｙ）Ｈ2＋ＣＯ）。現在は、
炭素原料として天然ガスや石油などの化石燃料を用い、
原料の一部を燃焼することで反応に必要な高温を得てい
る。一方、化石燃料の大量使用が大気中の二酸化炭素濃
度を増加させ、それに起因する地球規模の環境破壊が危
惧されている。そこで、炭素原料として再生可能な木材
等のようなバイオマスを用い、反応に必要な高温を太陽
熱を集光することで得ようとする研究が広く行われてい
る。しかしながら、この方法は高温が必要であることか
ら、大規模な太陽熱の集光システムが必要になるばかり
でなく、高温で作動する新しい熱媒体も必要になり、実
用化は困難である。2. Description of the Related Art A method for producing hydrogen is roughly divided into:
There are three methods: a method of producing by a steam reforming reaction of a carbon raw material, a method of producing by a chemical reaction between sulfurous acid gas and iodine or bromine and water, and a method of producing by electrolysis of water. At present, a method widely used in the industry is a steam reforming reaction method of a carbon raw material. This is a reaction in which when an organic substance is heated at a sufficiently high temperature (800 to 1,200 ° C.) in a steam atmosphere, the organic substance is decomposed to be a synthesis gas composed of hydrogen and carbon monoxide (CHxOy + (1-
y) H 2 O → (x / 2 + 1-y) H 2 + CO). Currently,
Using fossil fuels such as natural gas and oil as carbon raw materials,
Combustion of part of the raw material produces the high temperature required for the reaction. On the other hand, the use of fossil fuels in large quantities increases the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, and there is a concern that the resulting global environmental destruction. Therefore, research has been widely conducted to obtain a high temperature necessary for the reaction by concentrating solar heat using biomass such as renewable wood as a carbon raw material. However, this method requires a high temperature, so that not only a large-scale solar heat collection system is required, but also a new heat medium operating at a high temperature is required, and practical use is difficult.

【０００３】特願平６−２００５５２号明細書には、オ
ートクレーブを用い、セルロース系バイオマスを、水性
媒体及び水素活性化金属触媒の存在下、３００〜３７４
℃で、飽和水蒸気圧力以上の圧力下で５〜１８０分処理
し、水素を製造する方法が示されている。この方法は、
従来法に比べてより低温で行うことができる。[0003] In Japanese Patent Application No. 6-200552, cellulosic biomass is prepared in an autoclave in the presence of an aqueous medium and a hydrogen-activated metal catalyst in the range of 300 to 374.
A method for producing hydrogen by treating at 5 ° C. for 5 to 180 minutes at a pressure equal to or higher than the saturated steam pressure is shown. This method
It can be performed at a lower temperature than the conventional method.

【０００４】[0004]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、太陽熱を熱
源とするバイオマスから水素を製造する方法を提供する
ことをその課題とする。An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing hydrogen from biomass using solar heat as a heat source.

【０００５】[0005]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者らは、前記課題
を解決すべく鋭意研究を重ねた結果、本発明を完成する
に至った。即ち、本発明によれば、セルロース系バイオ
マスから水素を製造する方法において、（ｉ）太陽熱を
集光及び／又は集熱して熱媒体を３００℃以上の温度に
加熱する熱媒体加熱工程、（ii）該熱媒体加熱工程で得
られた高温熱媒体を用いて、反応器内のセルロース系バ
イオマスを水素活性化金属触媒及び水性媒体の存在下、
水性媒体の飽和蒸気圧以上の圧力下で加熱して水素を生
成させる水素生成反応工程、（iii）該水素生成反応工
程で得られた高温反応生成物と、セルロース系バイオマ
スと水性媒体との混合物からなる原料スラリー液との間
で熱交換を行わせる熱交換工程、（iv）該熱交換工程で
得られた原料スラリー液を反応器に供給する原料スラリ
ー液供給工程、（ｖ）該熱交換工程で得られた反応生成
物を気液分離する気液分離工程、からなることを特徴と
する水素の製造方法が提供される。Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have conducted intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, have completed the present invention. That is, according to the present invention, in the method for producing hydrogen from cellulosic biomass, (i) a heat medium heating step of concentrating and / or collecting solar heat to heat the heat medium to a temperature of 300 ° C. or higher, (ii ) Using the high-temperature heat medium obtained in the heat medium heating step, the cellulosic biomass in the reactor is treated in the presence of a hydrogen-activated metal catalyst and an aqueous medium,
A hydrogen production reaction step of producing hydrogen by heating at a pressure equal to or higher than the saturated vapor pressure of the aqueous medium, (iii) a mixture of a high temperature reaction product obtained in the hydrogen production reaction step, cellulosic biomass and an aqueous medium A heat exchange step of performing heat exchange with a raw material slurry liquid consisting of (iv) a raw material slurry liquid supply step of supplying the raw material slurry liquid obtained in the heat exchange step to a reactor, (v) the heat exchange step There is provided a method for producing hydrogen, which comprises a gas-liquid separation step of separating the reaction product obtained in the step into a gas-liquid separation.

【０００６】[0006]

【発明の実施の形態】本発明でいうセルロース系バイオ
マスとは、セルロースを含む物質を意味し、例えば、木
材（チップ、粉）、樹皮、葉、バガス、古紙、泥炭、農
産廃棄物、林産廃棄物、セルロースを含む各種有機性廃
棄物（例えば、都市ゴミ、汚泥等）等が包含される。水
素活性化金属触媒としては、通常の工業用のニッケル、
コバルト、鉄等の水素活性化用の各種の金属触媒を用い
ることができる。この金属触媒において、その金属の形
態は、金属、金属酸化物、金属硫化物の形態であること
ができる。また、この触媒金属成分は、アルミナや、シ
リカ−アルミナ、チタニア、ケイソウ土等の多孔性担体
に担持させることもできる。本発明では、必要に応じ、
助触媒として、各種のアルカリ性物質、例えばナトリウ
ム、カリウム、リチウム、カルシウム等の水酸化物、炭
酸塩、蟻酸塩等を用いることができる。水性媒体として
は、水又は水と有機溶媒との混合液が用いられる。水性
媒体の使用量は、一般には、セルロース系バイオマス１
重量部（乾燥物基準）に対し、４〜１００重量部、好ま
しくは４〜１０重量部の割合である。水素活性化金属触
媒の使用量は、金属換算量で、一般には、セルロース系
バイオマス１重量部（乾燥物基準）に対し、０．０１〜
１０重量部、好ましくは０．１〜１重量部の割合であ
る。本発明における反応は高温高圧条件下で実施される
が、この場合、反応温度は、一般には、３００〜３７４
℃である。反応圧力は、水性媒体の蒸発を抑えるため、
反応温度における水性媒体の飽和蒸気圧力以上の圧力が
用いられる。反応圧力としては、水性媒体の自己発生圧
力を利用することもできるが、好ましくは、加圧用ガス
を用いてその水性媒体の飽和蒸気圧力以上の加圧条件と
する。この場合の加圧用ガスとしては、例えば、窒素ガ
ス、アルゴンガス、ヘリウムガス等の不活性ガスを用い
ることができる。反応時間は、５〜１８０分である。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The cellulosic biomass in the present invention means a substance containing cellulose, for example, wood (chip, powder), bark, leaves, bagasse, waste paper, peat, agricultural waste, forest waste. And various organic wastes including cellulose (eg, municipal waste, sludge, etc.). As the hydrogen-activated metal catalyst, normal industrial nickel,
Various metal catalysts for activating hydrogen, such as cobalt and iron, can be used. In this metal catalyst, the form of the metal can be a form of a metal, a metal oxide, or a metal sulfide. The catalytic metal component can also be supported on a porous carrier such as alumina, silica-alumina, titania, diatomaceous earth, or the like. In the present invention, if necessary,
As the co-catalyst, various alkaline substances, for example, hydroxides, carbonates, formates of sodium, potassium, lithium, calcium and the like can be used. Water or a mixture of water and an organic solvent is used as the aqueous medium. In general, the amount of the aqueous medium used is one cellulosic biomass.
The amount is 4 to 100 parts by weight, preferably 4 to 10 parts by weight, based on parts by weight (dry matter basis). The amount of the hydrogen-activated metal catalyst to be used is, in terms of metal, generally 0.01 to 1 part by weight (based on dry matter) of cellulosic biomass.
10 parts by weight, preferably 0.1 to 1 part by weight. The reaction in the present invention is carried out under high temperature and high pressure conditions. In this case, the reaction temperature is generally 300 to 374.
° C. The reaction pressure suppresses evaporation of the aqueous medium,
A pressure above the saturated vapor pressure of the aqueous medium at the reaction temperature is used. As the reaction pressure, the self-generated pressure of the aqueous medium can be used, but it is preferable to use a pressurizing gas and set the pressurization conditions to be equal to or higher than the saturated vapor pressure of the aqueous medium. In this case, as the pressurizing gas, for example, an inert gas such as a nitrogen gas, an argon gas, and a helium gas can be used. The reaction time is 5 to 180 minutes.

【０００７】次に、本発明を図面を参照して詳述する。
本発明を行う場合のフローシートの一例を図１に示す。
原料は、原料調製・供給タンクで水と混合され、スラリ
ー液にされる。必要に応じて助触媒としてのアルカリ性
物質を添加する。原料スラリーは熱交換器で予備加熱さ
れた後、反応器に供給される。反応器の加熱は熱媒体で
行われる。この熱媒体は集光・集熱装置に送られ、ここ
で太陽光により加熱される。加熱された熱媒体は、必要
に応じ、いったん蓄熱装置に送られ、ここで貯留され、
蓄熱される。集光・集熱装置は、太陽光の熱線を集める
機能及び／又は太陽光の熱を集熱する機能を有するもの
で、従来公知のものが用いられる。集熱装置として、平
板型のような非集光装置を用いた場合、得られる温度は
７０℃程度であるので、この場合には、反応に必要な温
度までヒートポンプのような装置で熱を汲み上げる必要
がある。一方、集光装置、例えばフレネルズレンズ等を
用いた場合、得られる温度は３００〜４００℃あるいは
それ以上になる。この場合、そのままこの温度を利用す
ることができるが、必要に応じて放熱・冷却することも
できる。反応生成物は反応器より取り出され、熱交換器
を介して気液分離器、ガス分離器に順次送られる。気液
分離器で、懸濁水が分離され、さらに固液分離器で処理
水と残渣に分けられる。処理水は原料調製・供給タンク
に返送される。ガス分離器では副生成物である二酸化炭
素が分離され、精製水素ガスが得られる。Next, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows an example of a flow sheet for carrying out the present invention.
The raw material is mixed with water in a raw material preparation / supply tank to form a slurry liquid. If necessary, an alkaline substance as a cocatalyst is added. The raw slurry is preheated in a heat exchanger and then supplied to a reactor. The heating of the reactor is performed with a heating medium. This heat medium is sent to a light collecting / heat collecting device, where it is heated by sunlight. The heated heat medium is sent to a heat storage device once as needed, where it is stored,
Heat is stored. The condensing / heat collecting device has a function of collecting heat rays of sunlight and / or a function of collecting heat of sunlight, and a conventionally known device is used. When a non-light-collecting device such as a flat plate type is used as the heat collecting device, the obtained temperature is about 70 ° C. In this case, heat is pumped up to a temperature necessary for the reaction by a device such as a heat pump. There is a need. On the other hand, when a light-collecting device such as a Fresnel lens is used, the obtained temperature is 300 to 400 ° C. or higher. In this case, this temperature can be used as it is, but heat dissipation and cooling can be performed as needed. The reaction product is taken out of the reactor and sent to a gas-liquid separator and a gas separator via a heat exchanger. Suspended water is separated by a gas-liquid separator, and further separated into treated water and a residue by a solid-liquid separator. The treated water is returned to the raw material preparation / supply tank. In the gas separator, carbon dioxide as a by-product is separated, and purified hydrogen gas is obtained.

【０００８】前記のようにしてセルロース系バイオマス
を反応処理することにより、水素を製造することがで
き、この水素は気体燃料や化学原材料等として使用する
ことができる。By reacting the cellulosic biomass as described above, hydrogen can be produced, and this hydrogen can be used as a gaseous fuel or a chemical raw material.

【０００９】次に、セルロース系バイオマスを含むスラ
リー液の水素化反応の実験例を示す。本実験例で用いた
水素活性化金属触媒は、通常の沈着法によりニッケルを
ケイソウ土に担持した触媒（ニッケル含有量約５０％）
である。使用前に水素で還元した。Next, an experimental example of hydrogenation reaction of a slurry liquid containing cellulosic biomass will be shown. The hydrogen-activated metal catalyst used in this experimental example is a catalyst in which nickel is supported on diatomaceous earth by a conventional deposition method (nickel content about 50%).
It is. It was reduced with hydrogen before use.

【００１０】実験例１ セルロース５ｇを水３０ｍｌ、ニッケル金属触媒０、
０．１、０．２、０．５、１ｇと混合し、内部に加熱コ
イルを備えた加圧反応容器中で窒素ガス（初期圧力：３
０気圧）により加圧し、加熱コイルに４００℃の温度に
加熱したスチームを流通させて、昇温速度約１０℃／分
で３５０℃まで加熱した。この場合、反応圧力は水の自
己発生圧力で上昇し、水の飽和蒸気圧１７０気圧以上に
達した。この温度で６０分間保持した後、室温まで冷却
した。反応ガスをガスクロマトグラフで分析した結果、
水素の生成量は触媒の添加量の増加に伴い増加し、各
々、１、１１、２２、５４、１１３ｍｍｏｌ生成した。
これらの値は、セルロース中の水素の各々０．５、７、
１４、３３、７０％が回収できたことに相当する。ま
た、生成ガス中の水素の濃度も増加し、各々４、２６、
３７、４８、５０ｖｏｌ％であった。反応生成物からガ
スを分離した後の反応生成液は、固体微粒子の懸濁した
水性液体であるが、この液体を濾過処理して水性液体と
固体とに分離した。この場合に得られた濾液は、アルコ
ールやケトン等の有機成分を含むものであり、このもの
はバイオマス原料スラリー液の調製用水性媒体として有
利に使用することが確認された。Experimental Example 1 5 g of cellulose was added to 30 ml of water, nickel metal catalyst 0,
0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1 g, and mixed with nitrogen gas (initial pressure: 3) in a pressurized reaction vessel equipped with a heating coil inside.
(0 atm), steam heated to a temperature of 400 ° C was passed through the heating coil, and heated to 350 ° C at a rate of temperature increase of about 10 ° C / min. In this case, the reaction pressure increased due to the self-generated pressure of water, and reached a saturated vapor pressure of water of 170 atm or more. After maintaining at this temperature for 60 minutes, it was cooled to room temperature. As a result of analyzing the reaction gas by gas chromatography,
The amount of hydrogen generated increased with an increase in the amount of catalyst added, and 1, 11, 22, 54, and 113 mmol were generated, respectively.
These values are 0.5, 7, respectively, of hydrogen in cellulose.
This corresponds to the recovery of 14, 33, and 70%. In addition, the concentration of hydrogen in the product gas also increased to 4, 26,
37, 48, and 50 vol%. The reaction product liquid after separating the gas from the reaction product is an aqueous liquid in which solid fine particles are suspended. This liquid was subjected to a filtration treatment to separate into an aqueous liquid and a solid. The filtrate obtained in this case contained an organic component such as alcohol or ketone, and it was confirmed that this was advantageously used as an aqueous medium for preparing a biomass raw material slurry liquid.

【００１１】実験例２ セルロース３ｇを、水３０ｍｌ、ニッケル金属触媒０．
６ｇと混合し、加圧反応容器中で窒素ガス（初期圧力：
０、５、１０、３０、５０気圧）により加圧し、実施例
１と同様にして昇温速度約１０℃／分で３５０℃まで加
熱した。この場合、反応圧力は水の自己発生圧力で上昇
したが、初気圧０、５気圧の場合、水の飽和蒸気圧１７
０気圧以下であったのに対し、初気圧１０、３０、５０
気圧の場合、１７０気圧以上に達した。この温度で６０
分間保持した後、室温まで冷却した。反応ガスをガスク
ロマトグラフで分析した結果、水素の生成量は初気圧の
増加と共に増加し、各々１０、１６、４３、４３、４９
ｍｍｏｌ生成した。これらの値は、セルロース中の水素
の各々１０、１６、４４、４４、５１％が回収できたこ
とに相当する。また、生成ガス中の水素の濃度も増加
し、各々２４、２５、４９、５２、５０ｖｏｌ％であっ
た。Experimental Example 2 Cellulose (3 g) was mixed with water (30 ml) and nickel metal catalyst (0.1 g).
6 g and mixed with nitrogen gas (initial pressure:
(0, 5, 10, 30, 50 atm), and heated to 350 ° C. at a heating rate of about 10 ° C./min in the same manner as in Example 1. In this case, the reaction pressure increased by the self-generated pressure of water, but when the initial pressure was 0 and 5 atm, the saturated vapor pressure of water was 17
Initial pressure was 10, 30, 50, while it was below 0 atm
In the case of atmospheric pressure, 170 atmospheric pressure or more was reached. 60 at this temperature
After holding for a minute, it was cooled to room temperature. As a result of analyzing the reaction gas with a gas chromatograph, the amount of hydrogen produced increased with an increase in the initial pressure, and was 10, 16, 43, 43, 49, respectively.
mmol produced. These values correspond to the recovery of 10, 16, 44, 44, and 51% of hydrogen in cellulose, respectively. Further, the concentration of hydrogen in the produced gas was also increased to 24, 25, 49, 52 and 50 vol% respectively.

【００１２】[0012]

【発明の効果】本発明によれば、必要な反応熱として太
陽熱を用い、水を含んだセルロース系バイオマスから直
接水素を製造できる。本発明で得られる水素は気体燃料
や化学原材料として利用することができる。また、本発
明では、化石燃料を利用することがないので地球温暖化
対策に寄与できる。According to the present invention, hydrogen can be directly produced from cellulosic biomass containing water by using solar heat as a necessary reaction heat. The hydrogen obtained in the present invention can be used as a gaseous fuel or a chemical raw material. Further, according to the present invention, since fossil fuel is not used, it can contribute to global warming countermeasures.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図１】本発明の方法を実施する場合のフローシートの
一例を示す。FIG. 1 shows an example of a flow sheet for implementing the method of the present invention.

Claims (3)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項１】 セルロース系バイオマスから水素を製造
する方法において、 （ｉ）太陽熱を集光及び／又は集熱して熱媒体を３００
℃以上の温度に加熱する熱媒体加熱工程、 （ii）該熱媒体加熱工程で得られた高温熱媒体を用い
て、反応器内のセルロース系バイオマスを水素活性化金
属触媒及び水性媒体の存在下、水性媒体の飽和蒸気圧以
上の圧力下で加熱して水素を生成させる水素生成反応工
程、 （iii）該水素生成反応工程で得られた高温反応生成物
と、セルロース系バイオマスと水性媒体との混合物から
なる原料スラリー液との間で熱交換を行わせる熱交換工
程、 （iv）該熱交換工程で得られた原料スラリー液を反応器
に供給する原料スラリー液供給工程、 （ｖ）該熱交換工程で得られた反応生成物を気液分離す
る気液分離工程、からなることを特徴とする水素の製造
方法。1. A method for producing hydrogen from cellulosic biomass, comprising: (i) concentrating and / or collecting solar heat to produce a heat medium of 300%;
(Ii) using the high-temperature heat medium obtained in the heat medium heating step to convert the cellulosic biomass in the reactor into a hydrogen-activated metal catalyst and an aqueous medium. A hydrogen generation reaction step of generating hydrogen by heating under a pressure equal to or higher than the saturated vapor pressure of the aqueous medium, and (iii) a reaction between the high-temperature reaction product obtained in the hydrogen generation reaction step, the cellulosic biomass, and the aqueous medium. A heat exchange step of performing heat exchange with a raw slurry liquid comprising a mixture, (iv) a raw slurry liquid supply step of supplying the raw slurry liquid obtained in the heat exchange step to a reactor, and (v) a heat exchange step. A gas-liquid separation step of gas-liquid separation of the reaction product obtained in the exchange step; 【請求項２】 該気液分離工程で得られた液状物を固液
分離して、水性媒体と固体状物とに分離する固液分離工
程を含む請求項１の方法。2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising a solid-liquid separation step in which the liquid obtained in the gas-liquid separation step is subjected to solid-liquid separation to separate into an aqueous medium and a solid substance. 【請求項３】 該固液分離工程で得られた水性媒体の少
なくとも一部を用いて原料スラリー液を調製する原料ス
ラリー液調製工程を含む請求項２の方法。3. The method according to claim 2, comprising a raw material slurry liquid preparation step of preparing a raw material slurry liquid by using at least a part of the aqueous medium obtained in the solid-liquid separation step.
JP8064304A 1996-03-08 1996-03-21 Method for producing hydrogen from cellulosic biomass using solar heat Expired - Lifetime JP2736331B2 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

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JP8064304A JP2736331B2 (en) 1996-03-21 1996-03-21 Method for producing hydrogen from cellulosic biomass using solar heat
CA002199435A CA2199435C (en) 1996-03-08 1997-03-07 Method of producing hydrogen from biomass
GB9704772A GB2310865B (en) 1996-03-08 1997-03-07 Method of producing hydrogen from biomass

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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JP8064304A JP2736331B2 (en) 1996-03-21 1996-03-21 Method for producing hydrogen from cellulosic biomass using solar heat

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JP2736331B2 JP2736331B2 (en) 1998-04-02

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008516879A (en) * 2004-10-14 2008-05-22 オヴォニック バッテリー カンパニー インコーポレイテッド Base-promoted production of hydrogen from biomass
JP2009543924A (en) * 2006-07-14 2009-12-10 バイオイーコン インターナショナル ホールディング エヌ．ブイ． Method for treating biomass-derived oxygenates with coke deposit-containing particles
CN102126704A (en) * 2011-01-13 2011-07-20 西安交通大学 System and method for producing hydrogen by collecting solar energy in multi-plate mode and coupling biomass supercritical water gasification

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008516879A (en) * 2004-10-14 2008-05-22 オヴォニック バッテリー カンパニー インコーポレイテッド Base-promoted production of hydrogen from biomass
JP2009543924A (en) * 2006-07-14 2009-12-10 バイオイーコン インターナショナル ホールディング エヌ．ブイ． Method for treating biomass-derived oxygenates with coke deposit-containing particles
US8501043B2 (en) 2006-07-14 2013-08-06 Kior, Inc. Processing of biomass-derived oxygenates with particles comprising a coke deposit
US8574460B2 (en) 2006-07-14 2013-11-05 Kior, Inc. Processing of biomass-derived oxygenates with particles comprising a coke deposit
CN102126704A (en) * 2011-01-13 2011-07-20 西安交通大学 System and method for producing hydrogen by collecting solar energy in multi-plate mode and coupling biomass supercritical water gasification

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