JPH09253913A - Processing method of hole - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To machine a small hole with a high precision by executing a prepared hole machining by use of a punch tool on the work surface of a workpiece when the diameter dimension of a work hole is judged to be a small diameter less than a specified dimension. SOLUTION: When the diameter of a hole to be machined in a workpiece 1 is judged to be about 0.6mm or more, a prepared hole is formed by use of a center hole drill, and a large hole is bored in the state where a large drill is positioned to the prepared hole. On the other hand, when the diameter of a hole to be machine is judged to be less than 0.6mm, a conical prepared hole 12 is formed by use of a punch tool 11, and a drilling is performed in the state where a small drill 4 is positioned to the conical prepared hole 12, whereby a small hole 13 can be machined in a workpiece with a high precision.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a hole processing method for processing a large diameter hole or a small diameter hole in a workpiece.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, when a hole is drilled in an object to be machined, for example, a prepared hole is formed on the machined surface of the object to be machined, and the hole is drilled while the drill is positioned by the prepared hole. There is. Further, in recent years, automatic machine tools such as machining centers have been widely used for making holes.

Therefore, a hole machining method using a machining center will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 6 as a conventional hole machining method.

In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a machining target fixed on a table (not shown) of a machining center. The machining target 1 has a center hole drill 2, which will be described later, at a predetermined position on its machining surface 1A. The large-diameter drill 3 or the like is used to make holes.

Reference numeral 2 denotes a center hole drill stored in a tool storage device (not shown) of a machining center. The center hole drill 2 has a large diameter portion 2A and gradually contracts from the large diameter portion 2A toward the tip side. A tapered portion 2B having a diameter and a small diameter portion 2C protruding from the tip of the tapered portion 2B, the large diameter portion 2A,
A blade portion 2D is formed across the taper portion 2B and the small diameter portion 2C. Here, as the center hole drill 2, a suitable drill is used according to the diameter of the processed hole of the object to be processed 1. As a specific example, the diameter dimension D1 of the large diameter portion 2A is, for example, about 1.3 mm, and the small diameter is small. The diameter dimension D2 of the portion 2C is, for example, 0.5 mm.

Reference numeral 3 denotes a large-diameter drill which is stored in the tool storage device similarly to the center hole drill 2, and the diameter D3 of the large-diameter drill 3 is, for example, about 0.9 mm. Further, 4 is a small diameter drill stored in the tool storage device, and the diameter dimension D4 of the small diameter drill 4 is, for example, about 0.35 mm.

Next, a method of making a hole in the object 1 to be machined by the machining center will be described.

First, when a hole having a diameter of 0.9 mm, for example, is to be drilled in the machined surface 1A of the object to be machined 1, the center hole drill 2 stored in the tool storage device is taken out, and the center hole drill 2 is used as the machined surface. Position it at a predetermined position on 1A. In this state, the center hole drill 2 is driven to rotate while being lowered by a predetermined stroke, and then raised.
As shown in FIG. 1, the prepared hole 5 is formed on the processing surface 1A of the processing object 1.
To form

Here, the prepared hole 5 is the center hole drill 2
Corresponding to the taper portion 2B, and a taper surface 5A formed so as to open with a diameter of 0.9 mm or more, and a small diameter portion 2C.
Corresponding to the small diameter hole portion 5B formed in the depth of the tapered surface 5A, and the small diameter hole portion 5B has a bottom surface 5C.

Next, when the prepared hole 5 is formed in the machined surface 1A of the object 1 by the center hole drill 2, the center hole drill 2 is replaced with a large diameter drill 3 having a diameter D3 of 0.9 mm.
Is taken out from the tool storage device, and the large diameter drill 3 is positioned on the prepared hole 5. Then, when the large-diameter drill 3 is rotated and lowered at a predetermined feed rate, the tip of the large-diameter drill 3 is positioned at a predetermined position by the tapered surface 5A of the prepared hole 5, as shown in FIG. Because it is, large diameter drill 3
Thus, a large diameter hole 6 (shown by a chain double-dashed line in FIG. 5) having a diameter of 0.9 mm can be processed in the object 1 with high accuracy.

On the other hand, when a hole having a diameter of 0.35 mm is to be formed in the machined surface 1A of the object 1 to be machined, as shown in FIG. 6, a small diameter drill 4 having a diameter D4 of 0.35 mm is removed from the tool storage device. The small diameter hole 7 (illustrated by a chain double-dashed line in FIG. 6) is processed by taking out and performing the same hole processing as the large diameter hole 6 described above.

[0012]

By the way, according to the above-described conventional method for forming a hole, when a hole having a diameter smaller than the small diameter portion 2C of the center hole drill 2 such as the small diameter hole 7 is processed, the prepared hole is prepared. Since the small diameter drill 4 cannot be positioned by the tapered surface 5A of No. 5, there is a problem that the small diameter drill 4 is displaced in the small diameter hole portion 5B and the small diameter hole 7 cannot be accurately machined.

Moreover, the bottom surface 5C of the small-diameter hole portion 5B is a portion corresponding to the flattened portion (chisel edge) at the tip of the small-diameter portion 2C of the center hole drill 2, and the surface texture is rough and flat. There is. As a result, the small-diameter drill 4 is easily displaced in the radial direction on the bottom surface 5C, and the drilling accuracy cannot be improved.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and by preventing the displacement of the drill when machining a small diameter hole, it is possible to machine a small diameter hole with high accuracy. The purpose is to provide a processing method.

[0015]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the hole machining method adopted by the invention of claim 1 is such that the diameter of the machined hole to be machined is not less than a predetermined diameter dimension. If the diameter of the machined hole is judged to be larger than a predetermined size by the machined hole diameter judging step for judging whether or not the machined hole diameter is judged to be larger than a predetermined size, a center hole drill is used on the machined surface of the machined object. A pilot hole drilling step for performing pilot hole drilling, a large diameter hole drilling step for drilling a large diameter hole using a drill having a predetermined size or more for the pilot hole formed by the pilot hole drilling step, and the drilling When it is judged by the hole diameter judging step that the diameter of the machined hole is smaller than the predetermined size, the prepared hole punching step of executing the prepared hole using the punch tool on the machined surface of the object to be machined, and the prepared hole Formed by punching process Consisting of a small-diameter hole machining step of performing a small-diameter hole machining using a drill of less than a predetermined size to the prepared hole that.

With this configuration, it is judged whether or not the diameter of the hole to be machined in the object to be machined is equal to or larger than a predetermined diameter dimension in the machined hole diameter judging step, and the machined hole diameter judging step is carried out. When it is determined that the diameter dimension of is larger than the predetermined dimension, the process moves to the pilot hole drilling process and the center hole drill is used to drill the pilot hole on the machined surface of the workpiece, and then the large diameter hole drilling is performed. In the process, a large-diameter hole is drilled in the prepared hole using a drill of a predetermined size or more. As a result, the large diameter drill is positioned in the prepared hole formed by the center hole drill, so that the large diameter hole can be accurately machined on the machined surface of the object to be machined. On the other hand, when it is determined that the diameter of the processed hole is smaller than the predetermined size in the processing hole diameter determination step, the process proceeds to the prepared hole punching step to prepare the prepared hole using the punch tool on the processed surface of the object to be processed. After that, the small hole drilling process is performed on the prepared hole formed by the punch tool using a drill having a size smaller than a predetermined size. As a result, the small diameter drill is positioned in the prepared hole formed by the punch tool,
Small diameter holes can be accurately machined on the machined surface of the object to be machined.

In the hole machining method adopted by the invention of claim 2, the diameter of the machined hole to be machined is 0.3 to 0.8 m.
A process hole diameter determining step of determining whether or not it is equal to or larger than a predetermined diameter dimension within a range of m, and a diameter of the process hole is larger than a predetermined dimension within the range by the process hole diameter determining step. When it is determined that the diameter is within the above range, the prepared hole drilling step for performing prepared hole processing using a center hole drill on the machined surface of the object to be processed, and the prepared hole formed by the prepared hole drilling step within the above range. A large-diameter hole drilling process for executing a large-diameter hole drilling using a desired large-diameter drill having a predetermined size or more, and the diameter dimension of the drilled hole is predetermined within the range by the drilling hole diameter judging process. When it is determined that the diameter is smaller than the size, the prepared hole punching step for executing the prepared hole using a punch tool on the processing surface of the object to be processed, and the prepared hole formed by the prepared hole punching step have the above range. Predetermined dimensions within Consisting of a small-diameter hole machining step of performing a small-diameter hole machining using a desired small diameter drill below.

With this configuration, the diameter of the machined hole to be machined in the machined hole diameter determining step is 0.
It is determined whether or not the diameter is equal to or larger than a predetermined diameter within the range of 3 to 0.8 mm, and the diameter of the processed hole is determined to be a large diameter equal to or larger than the predetermined within the range by the processing hole diameter determining step. When it is determined, after moving to the prepared hole drilling process, the prepared surface of the object to be machined is prepared by using the center hole drill, and then the prepared hole is preset within the above range in the large diameter drilling process. Large-diameter hole drilling is performed using a desired large-diameter drill with a size equal to or larger than the specified size. As a result, the large diameter drill is positioned in the prepared hole formed by the center hole drill, so that the large diameter hole can be accurately machined on the machined surface of the object to be machined. On the other hand, in the machining hole diameter determining step, when it is determined that the diameter dimension of the machining hole is smaller than the predetermined dimension within the range,
After moving to the prepared hole punching process, the prepared surface of the object to be machined is prepared using a punch tool, and then the prepared hole formed by the punch tool in the small diameter hole forming process is predetermined within the above range. Drill a small diameter hole using a desired small diameter drill of less than the specified size. As a result, the small diameter drill is positioned in the prepared hole formed by the punch tool, so that the small diameter hole can be accurately machined on the machined surface of the object to be machined.

[0019]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION A hole machining method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below in the range of 0.3 to 0.8 mm in diameter dimension of a machined hole which serves as a criterion in a machined hole diameter determining step. The case where the diameter dimension of the reference machined hole is set to 0.6 mm will be described as an example with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, in the present embodiment, the same components as those of the above-described conventional technique are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.

In the figure, 11 indicates a punch tool stored in a tool storage device of a machining center.
Is composed of a large-diameter portion 11A and a conical portion 11B whose diameter is gradually reduced from the large-diameter portion 11A toward the tip side, and the tip angle α of the conical portion 11B is the tip angle of a general drill (about 12
The angle is smaller than 0 degree, for example, within the range of about 60 to 90 degrees. The punch tool 11 presses the conical portion 11B against the machining surface 1A of the object 1 to plastically machine the conical pilot hole 12 on the machining surface 1A. As shown in FIG. 2, the small diameter drill 4 is positioned at a predetermined position.

Next, the method of making a hole in the machined surface 1A of the object to be machined 1 is divided into the case where the diameter of the machined hole is 0.6 mm or more and the case where the diameter is less than 0.6 mm. Follow the instructions below.

Normally, in a machining center, the contents to be machined are programmed in advance, and during the actual machining, the work is carried out sequentially according to the programmed contents.

Therefore, in step 1, the next processed object 1
It is determined whether or not the machining content of the machining is a hole machining. Now, if it is determined in step 1 that the next machining is hole machining, the process moves to step 2 to read conditions such as the diameter dimension of the machined hole.

Next, step 3 which is a processing hole diameter judging step.
Then, it is determined whether or not the diameter dimension of the processed hole read in step 2 is a predetermined diameter dimension, for example, 0.6 mm or more, and if it is determined to be 0.6 mm or more, the prepared hole drilling process is performed. Move to eggplant step 4. The reason for setting the predetermined diameter dimension to 0.6 mm is as follows.
The minimum diameter dimension D2 of the small diameter portion 2C of the center hole drill 2 that is normally used is 0.5 mm.
This is because it was thought that the diameter of the drill that can be reliably positioned is 0.6 mm.

Then, in step 4 which is the prepared hole drilling process, as shown in FIG. 4 of the prior art, the center hole drill 2 stored in the tool storage device is taken out, and the center hole drill 2 is used to process the workpiece. Prepared hole 5 on machined surface 1A of 1
To form Next, in Step 5, which is a large-diameter hole processing step, the center-hole drill 2 is replaced with the large-diameter drill 3 from the tool storage device, and the large-diameter drill 3 is moved downward as shown in FIG. The large-diameter hole 6 is machined in the machining target 1 while being positioned at a predetermined position by the tapered surface 5A of the hole 5.

On the other hand, if it is determined in step 3 which is the above-described machining hole diameter determining step that the diameter dimension of the machining hole is less than 0.6 mm, the prepared hole punching step is performed step 6
Move on to

Step 6 which is the prepared hole punching process
Then, as shown in FIG. 1, the punch tool 11 stored in the tool storage device is taken out, and the conical portion 11B of the punch tool 11 is pressed against the processing surface 1A of the object 1 to form the conical pilot hole 12. To do.

Next, when the conical pilot hole 12 is formed on the machined surface 1A in step 6, the process moves to step 7 which is a small diameter hole machining step, and the punch tool 11 is replaced with the small diameter drill 4 from the tool storage device. The small diameter drill 4 is fitted with a conical prepared hole 12
Move toward.

Here, the conical prepared hole 12 is the punch tool 1
Since the conical portion 11B of No. 1 is formed by pressing the conical portion 11B against the machined surface 1A and plastically deforming it, the conical prepared hole 12
Has a precise conical shape to the inside. Thereby, the small diameter drill 4 moved toward the conical pilot hole 12 is accurately positioned by the conical pilot hole 12.

Then, in step 7, the small-diameter drill 4 is further moved to machine the small-diameter hole 13 (illustrated by a chain double-dashed line in FIG. 2) in the object 1.

If it is determined in the above-mentioned step 1 that the next processing to be performed on the object to be processed 1 is plane cutting or grinding, and it is not hole drilling, the process proceeds to step 8 to perform plane cutting or grinding. It is designed to be ground.

Thus, according to this embodiment, the diameter of the hole to be machined in the object 1 in the machined hole diameter judging step is 0.6 mm.
When it is determined that the above is the case, the prepared hole 5 is formed by using the center hole drill 2 in the prepared hole drilling step, and the large diameter drill 3 is positioned in the prepared hole 5 in the large hole drilling step. As a result, the large diameter hole 6 can be machined in the object 1 with high accuracy.

On the other hand, when it is judged that the diameter of the hole to be machined is less than 0.6 mm in the machining hole diameter judging step, the conical pilot hole 12 is formed by using the punch tool 11 in the prepared hole punching step.
And the small diameter drill 4 is positioned in the conical pilot hole 12 in the small diameter hole forming step, and the small diameter hole 13 can be formed in the object 1 with high accuracy.

As a result, when machining the small diameter hole 13,
As described in the related art, it is possible to prevent the small-diameter drill 4 from being displaced in the radial direction and reduce the machining accuracy, and it is possible to improve the machining accuracy and reliability.

Further, since the tip angle α of the conical portion 11B is set to an angle smaller than the tip angle (about 120 degrees) of a general drill, for example, within the range of about 60 to 90 degrees, various drills can be used. Can be widely applied to.

In the above embodiment, the diameter of the machined hole, which is a criterion for the machined hole diameter determining step, is 0.3 to 0.8 mm.
In the range of 0, the diameter of the machined hole, which is the criterion, is 0.
Although the case of setting to 6 mm has been described as an example, the present invention is not limited to this, and the processing becomes a judgment reference in the processing hole diameter judging step depending on the diameter size, shape, etc. of the center hole drill used for hole processing. The diameter dimension of the hole is a value other than 0.6 mm within the range of 0.3 to 0.8 mm, for example, 0.3 mm, 0.7 m
It may be set to a value such as m.

[0037]

As described in detail above, according to the invention of claim 1, it is judged whether or not the diameter of the hole to be machined in the object to be machined is equal to or larger than the predetermined diameter dimension in the hole diameter judging step. When it is judged by this processing hole diameter judging step that the diameter of the processing hole is larger than the predetermined size, the process moves to the prepared hole drilling step and the prepared hole is formed on the machined surface of the object to be machined by using the center hole drill. After performing the drilling, the large hole is drilled in the large hole drilling process using a drill of a predetermined size or more, so that the large diameter drill is positioned in the prepared hole formed by the center hole drill. Large diameter holes can be accurately machined on the machined surface of the object. On the other hand, when it is determined that the diameter of the processed hole is smaller than the predetermined size in the processing hole diameter determination step, the process proceeds to the prepared hole punching step to prepare the prepared hole using the punch tool on the processed surface of the object to be processed. After drilling, the small hole is formed in the small hole drilling process, and the small hole is formed in the prepared hole formed by the punch tool. , Small diameter holes can be accurately machined on the machined surface of the object to be machined. As a result, when drilling a small diameter hole, the drill can be prevented from being displaced in the radial direction, and the drilling accuracy at the time of drilling can be improved and reliability can be improved.

According to the second aspect of the invention, the diameter of the machined hole to be machined in the machined hole diameter determining step is 0.3 to.
It is determined whether the diameter is equal to or larger than a predetermined diameter within the range of 0.8 mm, and the diameter of the processing hole is determined to be larger than the predetermined diameter within the range by the processing hole diameter determining step. In this case, after moving to the prepared hole drilling process, the prepared surface of the object to be machined is prepared by using the center hole drill, and then prepared in the prepared hole in the large hole drilling process within the above range. By drilling a large-diameter hole with a desired large-diameter drill that is equal to or larger than the required size, accurately position the large-diameter hole on the machined surface of the workpiece with the large-diameter drill positioned in the prepared hole formed by the center hole drill. Can be processed into On the other hand, when it is determined in the processing hole diameter determining step that the diameter of the processing hole is smaller than the predetermined size within the range, the process proceeds to the prepared hole punching step to punch the processing surface of the processing target object. After performing the pilot hole drilling using a tool, drill the pilot hole formed by the punch tool in the drilling process of the small diameter hole by using the desired small diameter drill of less than the predetermined size within the above range. Thus, with the small diameter drill positioned in the prepared hole formed by the punch tool, the small diameter hole can be accurately machined on the machined surface of the object to be machined. As a result, it is possible to prevent the drill from being displaced in the radial direction when processing a small diameter hole.
It is possible to improve the processing accuracy during hole processing and improve reliability.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an enlarged sectional view of essential parts showing a state in which a conical pilot hole is formed on a processing surface of an object to be processed by a punch tool according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of an essential part showing a state in which a small diameter drill is positioned in a conical pilot hole formed by a punch tool.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a work procedure of drilling holes according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of an essential part showing a state in which a prepared hole is formed on a processing surface of an object to be processed by a center hole drill according to a conventional technique.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view of an essential part showing a state in which a large diameter drill is positioned in a prepared hole formed by a center hole drill.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged sectional view of an essential part showing a state in which a small diameter drill is inserted into a prepared hole formed by a center hole drill.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Processing target 1A Processing surface 2 Center hole drill 3 Large diameter drill 4 Small diameter drill 5 Prepared hole 6 Large diameter hole 11 Punch tool 12 Conical prepared hole 13 Small diameter hole

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A machining hole diameter determining step of determining whether or not a diameter of a machining hole to be machined is a predetermined diameter dimension or more, and a diameter dimension of the machining hole is a predetermined dimension by the machining hole diameter determining step. When it is determined that the diameter is larger than the above, the prepared hole drilling step of executing the prepared hole using the center hole drill on the machined surface of the object to be processed, and the prepared hole formed by the prepared hole drilling step When a large-diameter hole drilling process is performed to carry out a large-diameter hole drilling using a drill of a size or more, and when the diameter dimension of the drilled hole is judged to be a smaller diameter than a predetermined size by the drilling hole diameter judging step, the processing of the processing object Prepared hole punching process that uses a punch tool on the surface to perform prepared hole drilling, and small diameter hole drilling that uses a drill smaller than a predetermined size to prepare the prepared hole formed by the prepared hole punching process Process and body Processing method of the hole. 2. The diameter of the processed hole to be processed is 0.3.
A machining hole diameter determining step of determining whether or not the diameter is equal to or larger than a predetermined diameter dimension within a range of 0.8 mm, and the diameter dimension of the machining hole is a predetermined dimension within the range by the machining hole diameter determining step. When it is determined that the diameter is larger than the above, the prepared hole drilling step of performing the prepared hole processing using the center hole drill on the machined surface of the object to be processed, and the prepared hole formed in the prepared hole drilling step A large-diameter hole drilling process that performs large-diameter hole drilling using a desired large-diameter drill with a predetermined size or more within the range; When it is determined that the diameter is smaller than the predetermined dimension, the prepared hole punching step of executing the prepared hole using the punch tool on the processed surface of the object to be processed, and the prepared hole formed by the prepared hole punching step Within the above range A hole drilling method comprising: a small hole drilling process for carrying out a small hole drilling using a desired small drill having a size smaller than a predetermined size.