JPH09250344A - Cooling device for heat exchanger of construction machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the secondary flow of cooling wind taken from each intake and to improve cooling performance in a cooling device for cooling a heat exchanger by taking the outside air from a plurality of cooling wind intakes. SOLUTION: In a cooling device 1 for a heat exchanger of a construction machine having a heat exchanger 2, a fan 3, an engine 4 and housing covers 10, 11, 14, 15, 16a, 16b, 16c, a flow guide 23a for smoothly guiding cooling wind to the heat exchanger 2 is mounted in the space surrounded by the passage of the cooling wind flowing in from cooling wind taking ports 12a, 12b to prevent the secondary flow of the cooling wind.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cooling device for a heat exchanger in a construction machine, and more particularly to a cooling device for a heat exchanger in a construction machine with improved cooling performance of the heat exchanger.

[0002]

2. Description of the Prior Art As a cooling device for construction machinery
The one described in Japanese Patent No. 67029 is known. The cooling device described in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 2-67029 discloses a heat exchanger, a fan driven by an engine for the purpose of blowing air to the heat exchanger, a shroud attached to the heat exchanger, and a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger is composed of a partition member that separates the upstream and downstream sides of the heat exchanger so that cooling air does not flow between the upstream and downstream sides of the heat exchanger, and a building cover that houses these. The first cover is attached to the upper cover of the cooling device on the upstream side of the heat exchanger.
The cooling air intake of is provided in the engine cover installed on the engine and the heat exchanger adjacent to it,
A second cooling air intake is provided on the upstream side of the heat exchanger. Cooling air outlets are provided in the building covers located above and below the engine on the downstream side of the heat exchanger. The cooling air that has flowed in from the cooling air inlet passes through the heat exchanger while cooling the engine cooling water, is pressurized by the fan, passes through the side of the engine, and is discharged from the cooling air discharge port to the outside of the cooling device.

[0003]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention
In the cooling device disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 29, in particular, in a cooling device for an engine room of a hydraulic excavator, a relatively large heat exchanger is used to improve cooling performance. For this reason, the position of the upper wall of the heat exchanger is relatively high, and the engine cover is formed at a position higher than the upper cover. Therefore, the position of the second cooling air intake port provided in the engine cover is separated from the first cooling air intake port provided in the upper cover, and the cooling air is cooled in the space sandwiched by the cooling air flow passages from both intake ports. A secondary flow of wind occurs. The secondary flow increases the pressure loss of the cooling air in the flow path, and as a result, the amount of the cooling air reaching the heat exchanger decreases, which causes the cooling performance to decrease.

For this reason, it is conceivable that there is only one cooling air intake, but even if there is only one cooling air intake, a secondary flow occurs in the space above the front of the heat exchanger, The loss of cooling air in the flow path cannot be reduced. Further, if there is only one cooling air intake, there is a problem in that the opening area is reduced and the cooling air flow is also reduced, which in turn reduces the cooling performance.

An object of the present invention is to provide a cooling device for a heat exchanger in a construction machine capable of preventing a secondary flow of cooling air on the upstream side of the heat exchanger and reducing loss in a flow path to improve cooling performance. To provide.

[0006]

Referring to FIG. 1 which is a first embodiment, the invention of claim 1 includes a heat exchanger 2 and a shroud 9 attached to the heat exchanger 2. A fan 3 for sending cooling air from the upstream side to the downstream side of the heat exchanger 2.
And a building cover 10, 11, 1 that accommodates the heat exchanger 2, the shroud 9, and the fan 3 and that has a plurality of cooling air intakes 12a, 12b formed at positions separated from each other.
It is applied to a cooling device for a heat exchanger in a construction machine provided with 4, 15, 16a, 16b, 16c, and flows of cooling air flowing from a plurality of cooling air intakes 12a, 12b toward the heat exchanger 2. Building covers 10, 11, 1 sandwiched between roads
The above object is achieved by further providing a flow guide 23a for guiding each cooling air to the heat exchanger 2 in the spaces inside 4, 15, 16a, 16b, 16c.

Referring to FIG. 3, the invention of claim 2 is the invention of claim 1 in which the flow guide 23b has a shape along the flow path of each cooling wind.

Referring to FIGS. 4 and 5, the invention of claim 3 is such that the mounting angle of the flow guide 23c is variable.

Referring to FIG. 6, according to the invention of claim 4, the grill 1 is installed in any one of the plurality of cooling air intakes 12a.
3b is provided, and the mounting angle of the grill 13b with respect to the cooling air flow path is variable.

Referring to FIG. 7, the invention of claim 5 is such that the grill 13c has a shape along the flow path of the cooling air.

Referring to FIG. 8, in the invention of claim 6, the air guide portion 24 for guiding the cooling air taken in from at least one of the plurality of cooling air intakes 12a, 12b to the heat exchanger 2. 25 and 26 are building covers 10, 11, 14 and 1
5, 16a, 16b and 16c are provided.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the cooling air flowing in from the cooling air intakes 12a and 12b arranged at positions distant from each other is provided with a flow guide 23a installed in a space sandwiched by a plurality of cooling air flow passages. Since they are respectively guided to the heat exchanger 2 along the above, the generation of a secondary flow in the space sandwiched by the plurality of cooling air flow passages is prevented.

According to the second aspect of the invention, the flow guide 23
b from the cooling air intakes 12a, 12b to the heat exchanger 2
The direction of the cooling air is gradually changed along the flow path.

According to the invention of claim 3, the flow guide 23
Since the mounting angle of c is made variable, the flow resistance of the cooling air up to the heat exchanger 2 can be reduced and the cooling air can be flowed smoothly. Further, the amount of cooling air flowing in the heat exchanger 2 in the vertical direction can be made variable, whereby, for example, the cooling water of the engine 4 is operated above the heat exchanger 2 and the actuator is operated below. When cooling the hydraulic oil, the air volume can be adjusted so that the heat exchange in the heat exchanger 2 can be efficiently performed.

According to the invention of claim 4, the cooling air intake 1
By varying the mounting angle of the grill 13b of 2a, the cooling air can be smoothly introduced into the flow guide 23a.

According to the invention of claim 5, the cooling air intake 1
By forming the grill 13c of 2a along the flow path, cooling air can be smoothly introduced into the flow guide 23d, and the change in direction when passing through the grill 13c can be smoothly performed.

According to the invention of claim 6, the building cover 1
Since 0, 11, 14, 15, 16, 16a, 16b, 16c, and 16c are provided with air guide portions 24, 25, and 26 for guiding the cooling air from the cooling air intakes 12a and 12b to the heat exchanger 2, they are separated from the cooling air flow passage. Prevent the secondary flow that has occurred in the area.

Incidentally, in the section of means for solving the above-mentioned problems for explaining the constitution of the present invention, the drawings of the embodiments of the invention are used for the purpose of making the present invention easy to understand. It is not limited to this form.

[0019]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. -First Embodiment- Fig. 1 is a diagram showing a cooling device of a first embodiment of the device of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is a plan view of the cooling device of the embodiment of Fig. 1. As shown in FIG. 1, a cooling device 1 for a heat exchanger in a construction machine according to the first embodiment includes a heat exchanger 2 and
An engine 4, a fan 3 driven by the engine 4 via a crankshaft 5, a crank pulley 6, a fan belt 8 and a fan pulley 7, and a hydraulic pump for supplying hydraulic oil for driving an actuator of a construction machine to the actuator. 22 is the building cover 1 above the engine 4
0, inside a building (for example, an engine room) constituted by the building cover 11, the building cover 14, the building cover 15 and the building covers 16a, 16b, 16c located in the upper space of the cooling chamber upstream of the heat exchanger There is. The engine 4 is supported by a main frame (not shown) by engine support members 19a and 19b. Further, in order to prevent the cooling air exhausted to the engine side by the fan 3 from flowing into the fan upstream side, the shroud 9 is provided in the heat exchanger 2.
Attached to. Furthermore, the outer periphery of the heat exchanger 2 is filled with a gap with each building cover.
Partition members 21a and 21b are attached so that the cooling air does not flow between the upstream and the downstream of the.

The building cover 11 is provided with a first cooling air intake 12a having a grill portion 13a, and the building cover 10 is provided with a second cooling air intake 12a at a position distant from the first cooling air intake 12a. A wind inlet 12b is provided.

On the downstream side of the heat exchanger, the building cover 10 has a cooling air discharge port 17a, the building cover 15 has a cooling air discharge port 17b, and the building cover 16b has a cooling air discharge port 17c. Cooling air outlet 17 is provided at 16c.
d are provided respectively. First and second described above
Building cover 11 between the cooling air intakes 12a, 12b
Has an inclined surface for guiding the cooling air flowing in from the cooling air intake 12a toward the heat exchanger 2, and guides the cooling air flowing in from the cooling air intake 12b toward the heat exchanger 2. A flow guide 23a having a wedge-shaped cross section having an inclined surface is attached.

As shown in FIG. 2, the building is provided at the rear end of the construction machine, adjacent to the counterweight 50, and the first and second coolings formed on the building covers 10 and 11 above the counterweight 50. Outside air is taken into the building through the wind inlets 12a, 12b, and the building covers 10, 15, 16
cooling air discharge ports 17a, 17b formed in b, 16c,
Cooling air is discharged from 17c and 17d.

Next, the operation of the first embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention described above will be described. Conventionally, since there are two cooling air intakes 12a and 12b at positions separated from each other,
A secondary flow is generated in the space between the intake ports 12a and 12b, and the secondary flow causes a pressure loss of the cooling air in the flow path to reduce the amount of cooling air. The cooling performance of the exchanger 2 was deteriorated. On the other hand, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, since the flow guide 23a having a wedge-shaped cross section is provided in the space sandwiched by the cooling air flow passages from the two cooling air intakes 12a and 12b, 2 It is possible to eliminate an unnecessary space in which a next flow is generated, and at the same time, to smoothly introduce the cooling air from both intakes 12a and 12b into the cooling chamber. As a result, the pressure loss of the cooling air is reduced, the amount of cooling air is increased, and the cooling performance of the heat exchanger and the engine can be improved. Further, since the flow guide 23a is wedge-shaped so that the cooling air taken in from the cooling air intake 12a flows smoothly toward the heat exchanger 2, it is compared with a case where a simple partition plate is hung vertically. As a result, the pressure loss in the flow path can be reduced.

-Second Embodiment- FIG. 3 is a view showing a second embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention. In FIG. 3, the same components as those in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. As shown in FIG. 3, the second embodiment uses a flow guide 23b having a curved surface on the cooling air intake 12a, 12b side along the flow path of the cooling air as a flow guide. is there.

According to the second embodiment, since the flow guide 23b has a curvature, the flow path of the cooling air gradually changes its direction, and the flow passage cross-sectional area also changes gradually. The resistance and turbulence on the flow path are smaller than in the first embodiment, and thus the pressure loss of the cooling air can be further reduced. Therefore, the cooling air volume is also increased, and the cooling performance of the heat exchanger 2 can be further improved.

-Third Embodiment- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a third embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 4, the same components as those in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. In the third embodiment, a flow guide 23c having a variable attachment angle with respect to the flow path of the cooling air is used as the flow guide. In the third embodiment, the flow guide 23c is configured as follows so that the mounting angle of the flow guide 23c is variable.

FIG. 5 is a view showing a variable mechanism of the flow guide 23c. A long hole 40a extending in the horizontal direction and a long hole 40 extending in the vertical direction so as to communicate with the long hole 40a.
The bracket 32 formed with b is attached to the building cover 11. The shaft 38 is attached so as to be slidable in the longitudinal direction of the long hole 40a, and the projection 39 of the bracket 32 and the shaft 3 are attached.
8 are connected to each other by an elastic body 34a (for example, spring, rubber, etc.). One of support members provided at both ends of the flat plate 35a is rotatably supported by the shaft 38. Flat plate 3
The other support member of 5a is rotatably supported by one shaft 41 of the support member provided at both ends of the flat plate 35b.
The other shaft 42 of the supporting member of the flat plate 35b is slidably supported in the long hole 40b of the bracket 32. Long hole 40b
Notches 37a, 37b, 37c for fixing the shaft 42 provided on the other supporting member of the flat plate 35b are formed in the. An elastic body 34b (for example, a spring or rubber) for urging the flat plate 35b in the direction of the cutouts 37a, 37b, 37c is attached between the shaft portion of the flat plate 35b and the flat plate 35a, and the cutout 37a of the elongated hole 40b is attached. , 37b, 37c, the shaft 42 of the flat plate 35b can be fixed. The flat plates 35a and 35b extend over substantially the entire widthwise direction of the cooling air intakes 12a and 12b. The flat plate 35a receives the cooling air from the cooling air intake 12a and the flat plate 35b extends from the cooling air intake 12b. Is used as a guide surface for guiding the cooling air to the heat exchanger 2.

Since the flow guide 23c is constructed as described above, the fixing point of the shaft 42 at one end of the flat plate 35b is fixed to the long hole 40.
The angle of the flat plates 35a and 35b can be changed by changing to any of the notches 37a, 37b, and 37c of b. That is, by fixing the shaft 42 to the cutout portion 37a, the cooling air from the cooling air intake 12a is transferred to the heat exchanger 2.
Can guide more, and the shaft 42 can be provided with the notch 37
By fixing to b, the cooling air intakes 12a, 12b
The cooling air from both sides can be guided to the heat exchanger 2 substantially uniformly, and by fixing the shaft 42 to the notch 37c, more cooling air from the cooling air intake 12b is guided to the heat exchanger 2. can do.

In the third embodiment of the present invention, the vertical air distribution ratio of the heat exchanger 2 can be set by adjusting the mounting angle of the flow guide 23c. For example, when a heat exchanger that cools engine cooling water and a heat exchanger that cools hydraulic oil used to operate an actuator such as an arm are vertically arranged in parallel, the mounting angle of the flow guide 23c may be changed to change the mounting angle. Since it is possible to change the optimum air flow rate for the heat exchangers, the cooling performance of each heat exchanger can be improved.

In the third embodiment,
The case where the heat exchanger that cools the engine cooling water and the heat exchanger that cools the hydraulic oil used to operate the actuators such as the arms are assembled in parallel vertically has been explained. In the case where the flow guide 23c is assembled, the mounting angle of the flow guide 23c may be variable in the direction perpendicular to the flow path of the cooling air, that is, in the left-right direction with respect to the flow path.

-Fourth Embodiment- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 6, the same components as those in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. As shown in FIG. 6, the fourth embodiment is configured such that the mounting angle of the grill 13b mounted on the cooling air intake 12a with respect to the flow direction of the cooling air is variable. In the fourth embodiment, since the cooling air that has passed through the grill 13b is directed toward the heat exchanger 2, the direction change amount of the cooling air is smaller than that in the first embodiment, and thus the first embodiment The flow path resistance can be reduced as compared with the embodiment, and as a result, the flow guide 23a
In combination with this, the cooling performance can be further improved by increasing the cooling air volume.

Incidentally, in the fourth embodiment,
Although the flow guide 23a similar to that of the first embodiment is used for the description, the flow guide 23b according to the second embodiment or the variable angle flow guide 2 according to the third embodiment is used.
Of course, 3c may be used.

-Fifth Embodiment- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 7, the same components as those in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. As shown in FIG. 7, in the fifth embodiment, the grill 13c attached to the cooling air intake 12a is inclined at an angle, and at the same time, the cooling air is curved so as to be directed toward the heat exchanger 2. It is the attached shape. Further, as the flow guide, the flow guide 23d having the same shape as that of the second embodiment is used. In the fifth embodiment, since the grill 13c is attached, the cooling air flows into the heat exchanger 2 at an angle close to vertical as compared with the second embodiment. Further, the shape of the flow guide 23d is changed according to the direction of the cooling air. For this reason, the direction of the flow path is gradually changed, and the ratio of the change in direction is also reduced. Therefore, the flow path resistance can be reduced and the cooling air volume can be increased to further improve the cooling performance, as compared with the second embodiment. Can be improved.

In the above fifth embodiment,
A flow guide 23d having a shape similar to that of the second embodiment.
However, it goes without saying that the flow guide 23a according to the first embodiment or the flow guide 23c with a variable attachment angle according to the third embodiment may be used. In addition, the grill 13c is similar to the fourth embodiment.
The mounting angle of may be variable.

-Sixth Embodiment- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a sixth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 8, the same components as those in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals, and detailed description will be omitted. As shown in FIG. 8, in the sixth embodiment, an air guide portion 24 is provided below the first cooling air intake 12a and an air guide portion 25, 2 is provided at the second cooling air intake 12b.
6 is provided, and the fifth guide is used as a flow guide.
The same flow guide 23d as in the above embodiment is used. Then, the air guide portion 24 prevents the generation of a secondary flow in the vicinity of the building cover 14, and the air guide portion 25 prevents a secondary flow in the vicinity of the front edge of the building cover 10 on the upstream side of the heat exchanger. The wind part 26 can prevent the secondary flow generated in the upper part of the heat exchanger 2. Then, this reduces the flow resistance of the cooling air to reduce the pressure loss,
The amount of cooling air can be increased, and as a result, the cooling performance can be improved.

In the sixth embodiment described above,
A flow guide 23d having a shape similar to that of the second embodiment.
However, it goes without saying that the flow guide 23a according to the first embodiment or the flow guide 23c with a variable attachment angle according to the third embodiment may be used. In addition, the grill 13c is similar to the fourth embodiment.
The mounting angle of may be variable.

In the first to sixth embodiments, the first and second cooling air intakes 12a and 12b are provided in the building covers 11 and 10, respectively. When the heat load is large as in the specifications, a cooling air intake may be formed in the building cover 14 to take in the cooling air from the side of the construction machine. In this case, the flow guide as shown in the above embodiment may be provided between the cooling air intake formed in the building cover 14 and the first cooling air intake 12a.

[0038]

As described above in detail, according to the cooling device of the present invention, the flow guide is installed in the space of the cooling chamber sandwiched by the plurality of cooling air flow passages. The generated secondary flow is prevented, the pressure loss is reduced, and the cooling air volume is increased, so that the cooling performance can be improved.

Further, according to the apparatus of claim 2, since the flow guide is formed along the flow path of the cooling air, the cooling air can be smoothly guided to the heat exchanger, and the pressure loss on the flow path is reduced. The cooling performance can be improved.

Further, according to the apparatus of the third aspect, since the mounting angle of the flow guide is variable, it is possible to evenly distribute and blow the air so that the heat exchange can be efficiently performed in the heat exchanger.

Further, according to the apparatus of claim 4, since the grill attached to the cooling air intake is provided with an angle at the same time as the flow guide is provided, the change in the direction of the flow passage in the engine room is suppressed to a small extent. Therefore, the pressure loss due to the change in direction can be reduced and the cooling performance can be improved.

Furthermore, according to the apparatus of claim 5, since the shape of the grill attached to the cooling air intake is adjusted to match the flow path of the cooling air, the direction of the flow path to the heat exchanger is increased. The change can be suppressed to be small, the pressure loss due to the change in direction can be reduced, and the cooling performance can be improved.

Further, according to the apparatus of claim 6, since the air guide portion is provided in the building together with the flow guide of the space sandwiched by the cooling air flow paths of the plurality of cooling air intakes, the heat exchanger upstream side is provided. It is possible to prevent the secondary flow and smooth the flow of the cooling air to reduce the flow passage resistance and improve the cooling performance.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing a structure of a cooling device in a construction machine according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial plan view showing a rear end portion of a construction machine provided with a cooling device.

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view showing a structure of a cooling device in a construction machine according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view showing a structure of a cooling device in a construction machine according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a mechanism for changing the mounting angle of the flow guide 23c.

FIG. 6 is a vertical sectional view showing a structure of a cooling device in a construction machine according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a vertical sectional view showing the structure of a cooling device in a construction machine according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a vertical sectional view showing a structure of a cooling device in a construction machine according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Cooling Device in Construction Machinery 2 Heat Exchanger 3 Fan 4 Engine 5 Crank Shaft 6 Crank Pulley 7 Fan Pulley 8 Fan Belt 9 Fan Shroud 10, 11 Building Cover 12a, 12b Cooling Air Intake 13a Grill 14, 15, 16a, 16b, 16c Building cover 17a to 17d Cooling air discharge port 19a, 19b Engine support member 21a, 21b Partition member 22 Hydraulic pump 23a to 23d Flow guide 24, 25, 26 Wind guide part 32 Bracket 34a, 34b Elastic body 35a, 35b Flat plate 37a, 37b, 37c oblong hole notch 38 shaft 39 protrusion 40a, 40b oblong hole

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A heat exchanger, a shroud attached to the heat exchanger, a fan for blowing cooling air from the upstream side to the downstream side of the heat exchanger, the heat exchanger, the shroud and the fan. In a cooling device for a heat exchanger in a construction machine, which accommodates and is provided with a building cover having a plurality of cooling air intakes formed at positions separated from each other, the cooling air intakes from the plurality of cooling air intakes to the heat exchanger. In a space inside the building cover, which is sandwiched between the flow paths of the cooling air flowing toward each other, a flow guide for guiding the cooling air to the heat exchanger is further provided. Cooling system. 2. The cooling device for a heat exchanger in a construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the flow guide has a shape along a flow path of each of the cooling winds. 3. The cooling device for a heat exchanger in a construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the mounting angle of the flow guide is variable. 4. The grill according to claim 1, wherein a grill is provided at any one of the plurality of cooling air intakes, and a mounting angle of the grill with respect to the cooling air flow passage is variable. Cooling device for heat exchanger in construction machinery. 5. The cooling device for a heat exchanger in a construction machine according to claim 4, wherein the grill has a shape along a flow path of the cooling air. 6. At least one of the plurality of cooling air intakes
6. The cooling of the heat exchanger in the construction machine according to claim 1, further comprising: an air guide part for guiding the cooling air taken in from one side to the heat exchanger, provided inside the building cover. apparatus.