JPH09249466A - Refractory outer wall material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a refractory outer wall material having sufficient impact strength and hardly causing cracking of thermal shock. SOLUTION: This refractory outer wall material comprises lightweight large- sized ceramic plates 2 having plural recessed grooves 21 on the back, filled with a reinforcing rod 3 and a hardened nonshrinkable mortar 30 and constituted of a material hardly causing shrinkage and deformation when burnt, and plasterboards 5 laminated to the back side of the lightweight ceramic plates, fixed by board fixing nails 4 and containing crystal water. The large-sized ceramic plates, as a main material, lightweight, high in impact strength and excellent in design are applied to the refractory outer wall material 1. Since the reinforcing rod is embedded in the back, cracking of thermal shock can be prevented. Since the plasterboards are laminated to the back of the large- sized ceramic plates, refractory performances can be extremely improved.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fire-resistant outer wall material having fire resistance and design, which is used as an outer wall of middle-high-rise buildings, middle-rise apartment houses, and the like, and particularly requires decorativeness as a structural material for construction. The present invention relates to a fireproof outer wall material, the main part of which is composed of a large-sized lightweight ceramic plate and a heat-resistant board containing water of crystallization, which are useful in the field.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has not been a fire resistant outer wall material of this type mainly composed of large porcelain, and as a fire resistant outer wall material having a function similar to this, reinforced concrete or ALC is used.
BACKGROUND ART An outer wall material made of (autoclave, lightweight, concrete) outer wall main body to which a porcelain tile or a stone material is attached, or an outer wall material made of precast concrete having a porcelain tile or a stone material as a surface is known.

Since these outer wall materials contain crystal water because the outer wall body is made of concrete, the specific gravity is about 1 g / cm ³ and the wall thickness is 50.
If it is about mm, a fireproof performance of 1 hour is secured. However, since these outer wall materials impart their decorativeness to the surface material such as porcelain tiles and stones adhered to the outer wall body, the surface material peels off from the outer wall body with time. There was a drawback that it was easy and the design was low.

Therefore, in recent years, attention has been paid to a ceramic material which itself has excellent designability and therefore does not require a separate surface material, and a fire-resistant outer wall material to which this ceramic material is applied has been partially developed. Has been done.

However, since the conventional ceramic material has a large shrinkage during firing and a low impact strength, it is difficult to manufacture a large-sized (900 mm × 3000 mm) and thick (40 mm or more) plate material, and further, the specific gravity is also large. Since it is high in weight and unsuitable as an outer wall material, the development of a fire resistant outer wall material having sufficient required properties has not been made yet.

Under such a technical background, the physical properties of the ceramic material are different from those of conventional ceramic materials.
No. 084, “Glass Sintered Body” and Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-9
"Ceramic sinter" described in Japanese Patent No. 747 has received attention.

That is, the vitreous sintered body described in JP-A-5-279084 is a vitreous raw material inside the skeleton of a skeleton structure formed of natural wollastonite having a needle-like and plate-like crystal structure. A cured product of a composition containing as a main component is filled. The vitreous sintered body has a skeleton structure formed of natural wollastonite, and the composition mainly composed of the vitreous raw material filled in the skeleton does not shrink or deform during sintering. Even if it is caused, the sintered body as a whole hardly shrinks or deforms, so that it is a material that can be obtained as a sintered body having light weight, large size, high strength and fire resistance.

On the other hand, the ceramic sinter described in Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 4-9747 is mostly amorphous with at least one kind of portland cement or alumina cement whose setting property is adjusted by gypsum. In addition, it is a sintered body containing a silicate-containing raw material containing a small amount of free silica and water as its main components, and substantially contracts and deforms during sintering as in the glassy sintered body described in JP-A-5-279084. Since it does not exist, it is a material that can be obtained as a sintered body having a light weight, a large size, high strength, and fire resistance.

Therefore, attempts have been made to apply these sintered bodies to the above-mentioned fire-resistant outer wall material.

[0010]

By the way, as for the fireproof performance of the fireproof outer wall, when a predetermined temperature is applied from the surface (the maximum temperature is 930 ° C in the case of fireproofing for 1 hour), the backside temperature is 260 ° C or less. Is required.

However, the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-279084.
When the fire-resistant outer wall material is composed of the sintered body alone described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-9747 and Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 4-9747, it is difficult to satisfy the requirement for the back-side temperature as the above-mentioned fire resistance performance, and the back-side temperature rises. As a result, there is still room for improvement as a fire resistant outer wall material.

The present invention has been made by paying attention to such problems, and an object thereof is to provide a fire-resistant outer wall material having sufficient impact strength and resistant to thermal shock cracking. is there.

[0013]

That is, the fire-resistant outer wall material according to the invention of claim 1 has a plurality of concave grooves on the back surface, and these concave grooves are filled with a reinforcing bar and hardened non-shrink mortar. And a heat-resistant board that is laminated on the back side of the light-weight large-scale ceramic plate via a joining member and that contains crystal water. It is characterized by doing.

And in this fire resistant outer wall material,
The main material is a large ceramic plate that is made of a material that does not easily shrink or deform during firing, is lightweight, has high impact strength, and has excellent design. As a result, thermal shock cracking is prevented, and since a heat-resistant board containing crystal water is laminated on the back side of a large ceramic plate, it is possible to greatly improve fire resistance.

In this fire resistant outer wall material, a plurality of recessed grooves are provided on the back surface of the lightweight large-sized ceramic plate, the reinforcing bars are embedded in the recessed grooves, and non-shrinkable mortar is filled and hardened to form a lightweight large-sized ceramic plate. Prevents thermal shock cracking. In this case, we also examined a method to obtain a similar fire-resistant outer wall material by embedding reinforcing bars before firing a lightweight large porcelain plate, but it is aimed at due to the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion between the ceramic plate and the reinforcing bar and the problem of adhesion between them. It was not possible to obtain a fireproof outer wall material. Also,
If a material other than the above non-shrink mortar is selected as the material for filling and hardening after filling the reinforcing bar, there is a problem that the bending strength of the obtained ceramic plate is lowered, and it is necessary to apply the non-shrink mortar. In addition, the above-mentioned lightweight large porcelain plate is a material excellent in its design because the decorative property of its surface can be appropriately selected by applying a glaze.

Next, the inventions of claims 2 to 3 relate to the invention specifying the construction of the above-mentioned lightweight large-sized ceramic plate.

That is, the invention according to claim 2 is premised on the fire-resistant outer wall material according to claim 1, wherein the lightweight large porcelain plate is a natural wollastonite having a needle-like and plate-like crystal structure. A glassy sintered body, which is formed by filling a hardened material of a composition containing a glassy raw material as a main component in the skeleton of the formed skeletal structure and has a wollastonite content of 10 to 80% by weight. The invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that the lightweight large porcelain plate is mostly amorphous with at least one kind of portland cement or alumina cement whose setting property is adjusted by gypsum. In addition, it is characterized by being constituted by a silicate-containing raw material containing less free silica and a ceramic sintered body containing water as a main component.

Since the glass-based sintered body or the ceramic-based sintered body according to claims 2 to 3 is unlikely to shrink or deform during sintering, a part of the fire resistant outer wall material of the present invention is used. It is possible to make it function as a lightweight, large-scale ceramic plate to be constructed.

In the invention according to claim 2, the glassy sintered body has a predetermined composition of a binder such as glass powder of about 0 to 100 mesh, wollastonite of about 60 to 100 mesh, and water glass. It can be obtained by mixing, molding into an outer wall plate shape, and firing at about 1000 to 1200 ° C. for about 1 to 5 hours. Where glass powder,
Among the blended amounts of wollastonite and the binder, regarding the blended amount of wollastonite, the wollastonite content in the obtained glassy sintered body is 10 to 10.
It is necessary to set it in the range of 80% by weight.
Wollastonite content in the obtained glassy sintered body is 10% by weight
If it is less than the above range, it is difficult to form a sufficient skeleton structure of wollastonite, and the strength of the vitreous sintered body is insufficient. Further, as a material for filling the inside of the skeleton, a hydraulic cement, together with glass powder, and a foaming agent capable of forming a foaming structure in the course of the hardening reaction of this cement are blended to foam the inside of the skeleton structure by wollastonite. It is also possible to make it porous. Blast furnace cement, ordinary Portland cement, alumina cement or the like can be used as the hydraulic cement, and aluminum powder or the like can be used as the foaming agent.

In the invention according to claim 3, the silicate-containing raw materials constituting a part of the ceramic sinter are:
Examples thereof include blast furnace slag, metal slag such as copper entanglement, fly ash, pre-baked artificial lightweight lubricant, and natural or artificial glassy raw material. Further, it is desirable that 90% by weight or more of the crystalline silicate-containing raw material is amorphous because it causes crack deformation when the volume changes due to heating. Further, free silica has a transformation from α type to β type by heating of so-called quartz and expansion of volume at around 550 to 600 ° C., which causes crack deformation, so free silica does not exceed 10 wt%. Is desirable.

Next, the invention according to claim 4 relates to the invention in which the heat resistant board constituting the other of the fire resistant outer wall materials is specified.

That is, the invention according to claim 4 is premised on the fire resistant outer wall material according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the heat resistant board is a gypsum board or a cement board. To do.

Specific examples of the cement board include calcium silicate board and the like.

As the joining member for connecting the lightweight large porcelain plate and the heat-resistant board, nails, screws, heat-resistant adhesives, etc. are exemplified.

[0025]

According to the fire-resistant outer wall material according to the invention described in claims 1 and 4, a large porcelain plate which is lightweight, has high impact strength and is excellent in design is applied, and the reinforcing bar is provided on the back surface of the large porcelain plate. Since it is embedded, thermal shock cracks are prevented,
Furthermore, since a heat resistant board such as a gypsum board containing crystal water is laminated on the back surface side of the large porcelain plate, it is possible to greatly improve the fire resistant performance.

According to the fire-resistant outer wall material of the second aspect of the present invention, the lightweight large porcelain plate has a skeleton interior of a skeleton structure formed of natural wollastonite having a needle-like and plate-like crystal structure. And a wollastonite content of 10-8.
It is composed of 0% by weight of a glassy sintered body,
Further, according to the fire-resistant outer wall material according to the invention of claim 3, the lightweight large porcelain plate is composed of at least one kind of Portland cement or alumina cement whose setting property is adjusted by gypsum, and most of it is amorphous. And, since it is composed of a porcelain ceramics sintered body whose main component is a silicate-containing raw material and water having a small amount of free silica, these glassy sintered bodies or ceramics sintered bodies shrink during the sintering, It is possible to make it function as a large-sized lightweight ceramic plate which is resistant to deformation and constitutes a part of the fire resistant outer wall material of the present invention.

[0027]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail.

As shown in FIGS. 1 (A) and 1 (B), the fire-resistant outer wall material 1 has a glaze pattern layer 20 on the front surface thereof and is provided at a predetermined interval along the length direction of the back surface thereof. Further, a large lightweight ceramic plate 2 having a plurality of U-shaped concave grooves (embedding groove processing specification: groove width 10 mm, depth 15 mm) 21 and embedded in the concave grooves 21 of the lightweight large ceramic plate 2 The rebar 3 having a diameter of 5 mm, the non-shrink mortar 30 filled therein, and the gypsum board 5 laminated on the lightweight large porcelain plate 2 and fixed by the board fixing nails 4 constitute the main part, and the lightweight large porcelain is manufactured. Two concave grooves on the upper and lower ends of the back surface of the plate 2 (grooves for embedding high-nut mounting rebar, embedded groove processing specifications: groove width 13 mm, depth 2
(8 mm) is provided so as to be orthogonal to the U-shaped groove 21 having a substantially U-shaped cross section, and the reinforcing bar 31 is also embedded in the groove, and the portion where the reinforcing bar 3 intersects with the reinforcing bar 31 has a diameter. It is bound and joined with a 0.5 mm SUS wire.

The fire resistant outer wall material is manufactured through the following steps.

First, 36% by weight of silica sand, 18% by weight of ceramic powder, 18% by weight of calcium silicate, 18% by weight of calcium aluminate, 4.5% by weight of glass powder, and 5.5% by weight of lightweight aggregate (perlite). The raw material of is added to water and kneaded, and then this material is used for an outer wall mold (size 900 mm × 3
(000 mm × thickness 60 mm), and after curing, the molded body obtained by demolding was coated with a glaze for ceramics and dried. Next, the dried molded body was fired in a firing furnace at 1130 ° C. to manufacture a lightweight large porcelain plate.

A groove width of 10 m is provided on the back surface of this lightweight large porcelain plate.
m, 15 mm deep groove cut with a diamond blade,
In addition, a rebar having a diameter of 5 mm was embedded in the groove, and fast-hardening non-shrink mortar [trade name: Super Five Star manufactured by Asano Cement Co., Ltd.] was filled on the rebar and cured.

Next, a 15 mm thick reinforced gypsum board [made by Yoshino Gypsum Co., Ltd.] on the back surface of the above-mentioned lightweight large porcelain plate.
Product name Tiger board type Z] with iron nails (N-50)
Then, it was fixed at about 30 points to obtain a fireproof outer wall material.

When the fireproof outer wall material thus obtained was subjected to a fireproof qualification test for 1 hour, both the backside temperature and the falling ball impact test passed.

[0034]

According to the fire-resistant outer wall material according to the first and fourth aspects of the present invention, a large porcelain plate which is lightweight, has high impact strength, and is excellent in design is applied, and the back surface of the large porcelain plate is used. Since the rebar is embedded in the steel, thermal shock cracking is prevented, and since a heat-resistant board such as gypsum board containing crystal water is laminated on the back side of the large porcelain plate, fire resistance can be significantly improved. It will be possible.

Therefore, there is an effect that it is possible to provide a fire-resistant outer wall material which has sufficient impact strength, is resistant to thermal shock cracking, and has excellent designability.

According to the fire-resistant outer wall material according to the second aspect of the present invention, the lightweight large porcelain plate has a skeleton interior of a skeleton structure formed of natural wollastonite having a needle-like and plate-like crystal structure. And a wollastonite content of 10-8.
It is composed of 0% by weight of a glassy sintered body,
According to the fire-resistant outer wall material according to the third aspect of the present invention, the lightweight large porcelain plate is composed of at least one kind of Portland cement or alumina-based cement whose setting property is adjusted by gypsum, and most of it is amorphous. And, since it is composed of a porcelain porcelain sintered body whose main component is a silicate-containing raw material and water having a small amount of free silica, these glassy sinters or porcelain sinters shrink when they are sintered, It has the effect of being resistant to deformation and functioning as a lightweight large porcelain plate which constitutes a part of the fire resistant outer wall material of the present invention.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 (A) is a schematic plan view of a refractory outer wall material showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 (B) is B- of FIG. 1 (A).
B side schematic sectional drawing.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Fireproof outer wall material 2 Light weight large porcelain board 3 Reinforcing bar 4 Board fixing nail 5 Gypsum board 20 Pattern layer 21 Recessed groove 30 Non-shrink mortar

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A large-sized lightweight and large-sized material having a plurality of concave grooves on the back surface, filled with rebar and hardened non-shrink mortar, and made of a material that does not easily shrink or deform during firing. A fire-resistant outer wall material comprising a ceramic plate and a heat-resistant board which is laminated on the back surface side of this lightweight large-sized ceramic plate via a joining member and contains crystal water. 2. The light weight large porcelain plate is filled with a cured product of a composition containing a glassy raw material as a main component inside the skeleton of a skeleton structure formed of natural wollastonite having a needle-like and plate-like crystal structure. The refractory outer wall material according to claim 1, which is made of a glassy sintered body having a wollastonite content of 10 to 80% by weight. 3. The light weight large porcelain plate comprises one or more of Portland cement or alumina cement whose setting property is adjusted by gypsum, and a silicate-containing raw material which is mostly amorphous and has a small amount of free silica. The fire-resistant outer wall material according to claim 1, wherein the fire-resistant outer wall material is composed of a ceramic sinter containing water as a main component. 4. The heat resistant board is a gypsum board or a cement board.
Alternatively, the fire-resistant outer wall material according to item 3.