JPH09248542A - Waste treatment - Google Patents

Waste treatment

Info

Publication number
JPH09248542A
JPH09248542A JP8059039A JP5903996A JPH09248542A JP H09248542 A JPH09248542 A JP H09248542A JP 8059039 A JP8059039 A JP 8059039A JP 5903996 A JP5903996 A JP 5903996A JP H09248542 A JPH09248542 A JP H09248542A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
fly ash
amount
harmful
harmful metal
added
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP8059039A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Tamio Takahashi
民雄 高橋
Masakazu Kamikita
正和 上北
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kanegafuchi Chemical Industry Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Kanegafuchi Chemical Industry Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kanegafuchi Chemical Industry Co Ltd filed Critical Kanegafuchi Chemical Industry Co Ltd
Priority to JP8059039A priority Critical patent/JPH09248542A/en
Publication of JPH09248542A publication Critical patent/JPH09248542A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a treating method which is excellent in treating efficiency and by which treating cost and the quantity of treated material are reduced when stabilizing harmful metals in waste incineration fly ash so as not to be reeluted. SOLUTION: In a fly ash treating device attached to waste incineration equipment before or while fly ash is treated, the quality of fly ash is monitored at any time, based on the Pb content in fly ash, the eluted quantity of Pb from fly ash in nontreatment, the blow-in quantity of slaked lime or the like in the incineration equipment, the quantity of gaseous hydrochloric acid or the like in flue gas in the incineration equipment, and the like. According to the variation thereof, the added quantity of a harmful metal stabilizer consisting essentially of one or more selected from a group consisting of cements, neutralizers, inorganic adsorbents, chelating agents, water glass, phosphate, and compounds which are reacted with compounds of harmful metals such as Pb to form slightly soluble or insoluble compounds is determined to add it to the fly ash, and if necessary, water is added, and the mixture is mixed and kneaded.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、廃棄物の処理方法
に関するものであり、詳しくは、廃棄物焼却設備で生成
する飛灰中の有害金属などを安定化するに有効な廃棄物
焼却飛灰の処理方法であり、特に、鉛(Pb)の溶出抑
制が困難で、しかも焼却設備から連続して生成する飛灰
中のPbなどの有害金属含有量に時間的にバラツキがあ
る廃棄物焼却飛灰中のPbなどの有害金属を効率よく安
定化処理しうる処理方法に関するものである。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for treating waste, and more specifically, a waste incineration fly ash effective for stabilizing harmful metals in fly ash generated in a waste incineration facility. In particular, it is difficult to suppress the elution of lead (Pb), and the content of harmful metals such as Pb in the fly ash continuously generated from the incinerator varies temporally. The present invention relates to a treatment method capable of efficiently stabilizing a harmful metal such as Pb in ash.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】現在、有害重金属などを含む廃棄物を処
分する際には、セメントが処理剤として用いられ、セメ
ントと廃棄物を混合し、水を加えて混練した後、養生固
化し、有害金属などの溶出を防ぎ安定化する方法が用い
られている。しかしながら、このように単にセメントで
固化する従来の廃棄物の処理方法には種々の問題があ
り、用途を限定しなければ2次公害が発生する恐れがあ
る。特に、ごみ焼却の際、電気集塵器やバグフィルター
で捕捉された飛灰には、鉛(Pb)などの有害金属が高
濃度に含まれているにも関わらず、従来技術であるセメ
ント処理では充分に溶出を防止できないため、現在では
有害金属などの安定化が不充分なまま埋立処理されてお
り、処理後の2次公害の問題が噴出している。
2. Description of the Related Art At present, cement is used as a treating agent when disposing of wastes containing harmful heavy metals. The cement and the wastes are mixed, water is added and the mixture is kneaded, and then cured and solidified. A method for preventing elution of metals and stabilizing the metal is used. However, there are various problems in the conventional method for treating waste, which is simply solidified with cement, and secondary pollution may occur unless the use is limited. In particular, during the incineration of dust, fly ash captured by an electrostatic precipitator or a bag filter contains a high concentration of harmful metals such as lead (Pb), but the conventional cement treatment. Since it is not possible to sufficiently prevent elution, landfill treatment is currently being performed with insufficient stabilization of harmful metals and the like, and the problem of secondary pollution after treatment is emerging.

【0003】このように、今日では単にセメントによっ
て固化するだけでは有害金属などを含有する廃棄物を有
害金属などが溶出してこない状態に安定化することが困
難なことが国内外で明らかとなってきている。そこで、
有害金属などが陸上埋立処分時あるいは海洋投棄処分時
においても確実に封入され、有害金属などが再溶出せず
2次公害が発生しない廃棄物の処理方法が望まれてい
た。
As described above, it has become clear today that it is difficult to stabilize wastes containing harmful metals and the like in a state where harmful metals and the like do not elute by simply solidifying with cement in Japan and abroad. Is coming. Therefore,
There has been a demand for a method of treating waste in which harmful metals and the like are reliably sealed even when they are landfilled or disposed of in the ocean, and the harmful metals and the like do not elute again and secondary pollution does not occur.

【0004】このような課題に対し、本発明者らは特開
平07−185499号などにおいて、セメント類と還
元性の金属、更には硫酸アルミニウムや粉状アルミニウ
ムシリケートなどを構成成分とする処理剤と、この処理
剤を用いた廃棄物処理方法を提案している。また、同様
な技術として、特公平04−61710号には、水溶性
フォスフェート源を含有する処理剤による廃棄物処理方
法も開示されている。
In order to solve such a problem, the inventors of the present invention described in JP-A-07-185499 and the like a treatment agent containing cement and a reducing metal, and further aluminum sulfate or powdery aluminum silicate as a constituent component. , Has proposed a waste treatment method using this treatment agent. As a similar technique, Japanese Patent Publication No. 04-61710 discloses a waste treatment method using a treatment agent containing a water-soluble phosphate source.

【0005】しかしながら、このような従来技術を用い
る場合、現状では、幾つかの飛灰について有害重金属安
定化剤で安定化能を検討し、有害重金属安定化剤の種類
と添加量を決め、その後は、この決められた条件で廃棄
物焼却設備及びこれに付設された飛灰処理装置が連続的
に運転されている。しかしながら、我々のこれまでの検
討結果によると、廃棄物焼却設備において生成する飛灰
中の有害金属など含有量は、焼却される廃棄物によって
変動があり、時間的にバラツキがあることが分かった。
特に、都市ごみ焼却飛灰中のPb含有量は時間的にバラ
ツキがあることが確認されており、上記のような従来の
方法で溶出基準値をクリヤーするためには、高性能で高
価な有害金属安定化剤を、Pb含有量が最大時の飛灰を
安定化させうる量を常に加えなければならず、処理費用
の負担の増大だけでなく、処理物の量も増大することに
なる。
However, when such a conventional technique is used, at present, the stabilizing ability of some fly ash with a harmful heavy metal stabilizer is examined, and the type and amount of the harmful heavy metal stabilizer are determined, and thereafter, The waste incineration equipment and the fly ash treatment equipment attached to the waste incineration equipment are continuously operated under these determined conditions. However, according to our study results so far, it was found that the content of harmful metals in fly ash generated in the waste incineration facility varies depending on the waste to be incinerated, and there is time variation. .
In particular, it has been confirmed that the Pb content in municipal waste incineration fly ash varies with time, and in order to clear the elution standard value by the conventional method as described above, it is high-performance and expensive and harmful. The amount of the metal stabilizer that must stabilize the fly ash when the Pb content is maximum must always be added, which not only increases the burden of treatment cost but also increases the amount of the treated product.

【0006】ここで、後述のため一般ごみの焼却場を例
に、焼却方法、飛灰に関する説明をしておく。一般ごみ
の焼却設備は、代表的には、焼却炉、排ガスの冷却を目
的とした熱交換器や水噴霧装置、HClなど酸性ガスの
中和を目的とした消石灰吹き込み装置(排ガス誘導管内
への吹き込み)、集塵器から構成されており、さらにS
Ox 、NOx 、ダイオキシンなどの有害成分除去装置、
機器が付加されていることもある。また、飛灰には、粉
塵、消石灰と塩化水素(HCl)など酸性ガスとの反応
生成物および消石灰の未反応残分、有害な低融点金属な
どが含有されている。この飛灰は有害金属安定化剤と混
合、混練され最終処分廃棄物として埋め立てられる。
Here, the incineration method and fly ash will be described by taking a general refuse incinerator as an example for the purpose of being described later. Typical waste incineration equipment is typically an incinerator, a heat exchanger or water spray device for cooling exhaust gas, a slaked lime blowing device for neutralizing acid gas such as HCl (into the exhaust gas guide pipe). Blowing), a dust collector, and S
Equipment for removing harmful components such as Ox, NOx and dioxin,
Equipment may be added. The fly ash contains dust, a reaction product of slaked lime and an acidic gas such as hydrogen chloride (HCl), an unreacted residue of slaked lime, and a harmful low melting point metal. This fly ash is mixed with a harmful metal stabilizer, kneaded, and landfilled as final disposal waste.

【0007】[0007]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明者らは、このよ
うな廃棄物処理の現状を鑑み、最終処分廃棄物である焼
却飛灰中の種々の有害金属を確実に封入し、有害金属な
どが再溶出しないように、しかも効率よく安定化するこ
とが可能で、処理費用や処理物の量を低減しうる廃棄物
の処理方法を提供することを目的とするものである。
In view of the present situation of waste treatment, the present inventors have surely sealed various harmful metals in incineration fly ash, which is the final disposal waste, to prevent harmful metals. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for treating wastes, which can be efficiently stabilized so as not to be redissolved, and which can reduce the treatment cost and the amount of treated matter.

【0008】[0008]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者らは、上記の従
来技術における問題点を解決する目的で鋭意検討した結
果、実質的にPbなどの有害金属の溶出を防止できない
飛灰、または多量の有害金属安定化剤を必要とする飛灰
には共通の特徴があることを見出した。即ち、飛灰中の
Pb含有量と、無処理における飛灰からのPb溶出量と
の間には密接な関係があるとともに、飛灰の処理し易さ
と飛灰中のPb含有量および無処理における飛灰からの
Pb溶出量の間にも密接な関係があることが見出され
た。また、廃棄物焼却設備で使用される消石灰の量が少
なくなると、例えば、反応性の高い消石灰を廃棄物焼却
設備の排ガス処理装置において使用すると、生成する灰
の量は少なくなるが、灰単位重量当たりのPb含有量や
無処理におけるPb溶出量が大きくなることも明らかに
なった。これらの知見に基づき、処理前あるいは処理し
ながら飛灰の性質を随時モニタリングし、その変動にあ
わせて、飛灰処理装置における飛灰への有害金属安定化
剤の添加量を変えて処理することで、効率良くPbなど
有害金属を溶出基準値以下に出来るとの発想に基づき本
発明を完成させたものである。
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION As a result of intensive studies made by the present inventors for the purpose of solving the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, as a result, fly ash or a large amount of Pb which cannot substantially prevent the elution of harmful metals such as Pb. It was found that the fly ash, which requires the harmful metal stabilizer, has common characteristics. That is, there is a close relationship between the Pb content in the fly ash and the Pb elution amount from the fly ash without treatment, and the ease of treating fly ash and the Pb content in the fly ash and the untreated It was found that there is also a close relationship between the amount of Pb eluted from the fly ash in. Further, when the amount of slaked lime used in the waste incineration facility decreases, for example, when highly reactive slaked lime is used in the exhaust gas treatment device of the waste incineration facility, the amount of ash produced decreases, but the ash unit weight It was also clarified that the Pb content per unit and the Pb elution amount in the non-treatment were large. Based on these findings, the properties of fly ash should be monitored before or during treatment, and the amount of harmful metal stabilizer added to fly ash in the fly ash treatment equipment should be changed according to the changes in the treatment. Therefore, the present invention has been completed based on the idea that harmful metals such as Pb can be efficiently made to be below the elution standard value.

【0009】即ち本発明は、廃棄物焼却設備に付属する
飛灰処理装置において、飛灰の処理前あるいは処理しな
がら飛灰の性質を随時モニタリングし、その変動にあわ
せて有害金属安定化剤の最適な添加量を決定して飛灰に
添加し、必要に応じて水を添加して混合、混練する廃棄
物処理方法である。
That is, according to the present invention, in a fly ash treatment apparatus attached to a waste incineration facility, the properties of fly ash are monitored at any time before or during the treatment of fly ash, and the harmful metal stabilizer is adjusted according to the variation. This is a waste treatment method in which the optimum addition amount is determined, added to fly ash, and water is added as necessary to mix and knead.

【0010】前記の場合における飛灰の性質のモニタリ
ングの具体的方法としては、廃棄物処理設備において処
理する飛灰中のPb含有量または無処理における飛灰か
らのPb溶出量をモニタリングする方法、前記焼却設備
における消石灰類の吹き込み量をモニタリングする方
法、さらに、前記焼却設備における煙道ガス中の塩化水
素ガス量をモニタリングする方法などがある。
A specific method for monitoring the properties of fly ash in the above case is to monitor the Pb content in the fly ash treated in the waste treatment facility or the amount of Pb eluted from the fly ash without treatment, There are a method of monitoring the blowing amount of slaked limes in the incinerator, and a method of monitoring the amount of hydrogen chloride gas in the flue gas in the incinerator.

【0011】また、前記の場合に使用される有害金属安
定化剤としては、セメント類、中和剤、無機吸着剤、キ
レート剤、水ガラス、リン酸塩、およびPbなどの有害
金属化合物と反応して難溶性あるいは不溶性の化合物を
生成する化合物からなる群から選択される1種以上を主
たる構成成分とする安定化剤が挙げられる。
Further, the harmful metal stabilizer used in the above case reacts with harmful metal compounds such as cements, neutralizing agents, inorganic adsorbents, chelating agents, water glass, phosphates, and Pb. Examples of the stabilizing agent include one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of compounds that form sparingly soluble or insoluble compounds.

【0012】[0012]

【発明の実施の形態】本発明で用いられる上記有害金属
安定化剤の具体例としては、下記のようなものが挙げら
れる。
Specific examples of the harmful metal stabilizer used in the present invention include the following.

【0013】まず、セメント類としては、焼き石膏、ポ
ルトランドセメント、早強セメント、ジェットセメン
ト、高炉セメント、アルミナセメントなどが例示でき
る。
First, examples of cements include calcined gypsum, Portland cement, early strength cement, jet cement, blast furnace cement, alumina cement and the like.

【0014】中和剤としては、塩酸、硫酸、硝酸、シュ
ウ酸、炭酸、ほう酸など汎用の酸、硫酸アルミニウムな
どの硫酸塩、非晶質水酸化アルミニウム、塩化鉄、リン
酸などが例示できるが、価格、工業的入手の容易性、実
使用の容易さから硫酸塩、水酸化アルミニウム、塩化鉄
が好ましく、また飛灰中のPb化合物と反応し不溶性の
化合物を生成しうるリン酸が特に好ましい。これら中和
剤は、水溶液として使用することも、粉末として使用す
ることも、さらには水分散状態で使用することもでき
る。
Examples of the neutralizing agent include general-purpose acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, oxalic acid, carbonic acid and boric acid, sulfates such as aluminum sulfate, amorphous aluminum hydroxide, iron chloride and phosphoric acid. , Sulfate, aluminum hydroxide, and iron chloride are preferable in terms of price, industrial availability, and practical use, and phosphoric acid which can react with Pb compound in fly ash to form an insoluble compound is particularly preferable. . These neutralizing agents can be used as an aqueous solution, as a powder, or even in a water dispersion state.

【0015】無機吸着剤としては、各種活性白土、合成
珪酸、天然珪酸加工物、活性炭などが例示できるが、比
表面積200m2 /g以上の粉状アルミニウムシリケー
ト、粉状二酸化珪素が好ましい。さらには工業的入手の
容易性から、比表面積が200〜1000m2 /gのも
のが好ましい。ただし、比表面積200m2 /g以上の
無機吸着剤は、嵩高くハンドリング困難なものが多く、
事前に造粒などの加工を行うことが好適である。
Examples of the inorganic adsorbent include various types of activated clay, synthetic silicic acid, processed products of natural silicic acid, activated carbon and the like, but powdery aluminum silicate having a specific surface area of 200 m 2 / g or more and powdery silicon dioxide are preferable. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of industrial availability, those having a specific surface area of 200 to 1000 m 2 / g are preferable. However, many inorganic adsorbents having a specific surface area of 200 m 2 / g or more are bulky and difficult to handle,
It is preferable to perform processing such as granulation in advance.

【0016】キレート剤としては、−OH、−CSS
H、−SH、=NH、−COOH、−NH2 など、有害
金属に対するキレート配位子を構造中に有する化合物お
よびそれらの塩などが例示できるが、特にPb溶出防止
性能の点でジメチルジチオカルバミン酸塩、ジエチルジ
チオカルバミン酸塩、ジブチルジチオカルバミン酸塩、
タンニン酸が好ましい。工業的に入手可能なものとし
て、株式会社荏原製作所製アッシュクリーンC−30
0、ミヨシ油脂株式会社製Newエポルバ−800、日
本曹達株式会社製ハイジオン、不二サッシ株式会社製ア
ルサイトL−101、オルガノ株式会社製オルガナイト
2050、住友化学工業株式会社製スミキレートAC−
20、オリエンタル技研株式会社製オリトール、内外化
学株式会社製ヒバイブロックなどが例示できる。
As the chelating agent, --OH, --CSS
Examples thereof include compounds having a chelate ligand for a harmful metal such as H, —SH, ═NH, —COOH, and —NH 2 in the structure, and salts thereof. Particularly, in terms of Pb elution prevention performance, dimethyldithiocarbamic acid. Salt, diethyldithiocarbamate, dibutyldithiocarbamate,
Tannic acid is preferred. As a commercially available product, Ash Clean C-30 manufactured by EBARA CORPORATION
0, New Epolba-800 manufactured by Miyoshi Yushi Co., Ltd., Hydion manufactured by Nippon Soda Co., Ltd., Alsight L-101 manufactured by Fuji Sash Co., Ltd., Organite 2050 manufactured by Organo Co., Sumichelate AC- manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.
20, oriental manufactured by Oriental Giken Co., Ltd., Hibiblock manufactured by Naigai Kagaku Co.

【0017】水ガラスとしては、汎用の水溶性珪酸塩、
即ち、珪酸ソーダ、珪酸カリウムなどが例示でき、モル
比(SiO2 /M2 O組成比:Mはアルカリ金属)は市
販の0.5〜4.2の範囲で任意に選択することができ
る。この中でPb溶出防止性能、価格を考慮すると珪酸
ソーダであることが好ましく、さらにはモル比約3のJ
IS規格3号水ガラスを用いることが好ましい。また、
水ガラスに、Caイオンと反応して不溶性あるいは難溶
性のCa化合物を生成する炭酸Naなどの化合物、さら
には水ガラスと反応してゲル化する硫酸などの化合物を
適量添加することも鉛溶出防止性能を向上させる目的で
有効である。
As the water glass, a general-purpose water-soluble silicate,
That is, sodium silicate, potassium silicate and the like can be exemplified, and the molar ratio (SiO 2 / M 2 O composition ratio: M is an alkali metal) can be arbitrarily selected within the range of 0.5 to 4.2 which is commercially available. Among these, sodium silicate is preferable in view of Pb elution prevention performance and price. Further, J having a molar ratio of about 3 is used.
It is preferable to use IS standard No. 3 water glass. Also,
It is also possible to add an appropriate amount of compounds such as Na carbonate that reacts with Ca ions to form insoluble or sparingly soluble Ca compounds, and further compounds such as sulfuric acid that gels when reacting with water glass, to prevent lead elution. It is effective for the purpose of improving performance.

【0018】リン酸塩としては、正リン酸塩、正リン酸
水素塩および縮合リン酸塩、縮合リン酸水素塩などが例
示でき、さらにナトリウム塩、カリウム塩、マグネシウ
ム塩、カルシウム塩などが例示できるが、水溶性塩であ
ることが好ましく、水溶性のリン酸ソーダが好ましい。
Examples of the phosphate include orthophosphate, hydrogen orthophosphate, condensed phosphate, condensed hydrogen phosphate and the like, and further include sodium salt, potassium salt, magnesium salt, calcium salt and the like. However, a water-soluble salt is preferable, and water-soluble sodium phosphate is preferable.

【0019】本発明で用いられる、鉛などの有害金属化
合物と反応して難溶性あるいは不溶性の化合物を生成す
る化合物としては、硫化ソーダなどの硫化物、炭酸塩、
シュウ酸塩、硫酸塩、およびクロム酸塩などが例示でき
る。工業的に入手可能なものとして、例えば栗田工業株
式会社製アッシュナイトRシリーズなどが例示できる。
As the compound used in the present invention, which reacts with a harmful metal compound such as lead to form a sparingly soluble or insoluble compound, sulfides such as sodium sulfide, carbonates,
Examples thereof include oxalate, sulfate, and chromate. Examples of industrially available products include Ashnight R series manufactured by Kurita Water Industries Ltd.

【0020】本発明で用いられる有害金属安定化剤は、
上記セメント類、中和剤、無機吸着剤、キレート剤、水
ガラス、リン酸塩、およびPbなどの有害金属化合物と
反応して難溶性あるいは不溶性の化合物を生成する化合
物の内から選択される1種以上を主たる構成成分として
なるが、不可避的不純物の他、飛灰と有害金属安定化剤
との混練物の強度を増強するための添加剤、有害金属イ
オン還元剤、混練物に撥水性を付与するための添加剤な
どの各種添加剤を含むこともできる。また、構成成分が
2種以上の場合、事前に混合して使用することもできる
し、別々に飛灰に添加することもできる。選択した2種
以上の構成成分相互で反応し有害金属安定化効果を阻害
したり、有害ガスが発生するような場合には別々に添加
することが好ましい。
The harmful metal stabilizer used in the present invention is
1 selected from the above cements, neutralizing agents, inorganic adsorbents, chelating agents, water glass, phosphates, and compounds that react with harmful metal compounds such as Pb to form sparingly soluble or insoluble compounds 1 It contains more than one species as the main constituents, but in addition to inevitable impurities, additives for enhancing the strength of the kneaded material of fly ash and harmful metal stabilizer, harmful metal ion reducing agent, and water repellent to the kneaded material. Various additives such as additives for imparting may be included. Further, when there are two or more constituent components, they can be mixed in advance and used, or they can be separately added to the fly ash. When two or more selected constituent components react with each other to inhibit the harmful metal stabilizing effect or generate a harmful gas, it is preferable to add them separately.

【0021】本発明で用いられる有害金属安定化剤の種
類は、特に限定なく選ぶことが出来るが、本発明では、
飛灰に対するこれらの有害金属安定化剤の添加量は、処
理前あるいは処理しながら飛灰の性質を随時モニタリン
グし、その変動にあわせて、その都度最適な添加量を決
定する。さらに詳しくは、処理前あるいは処理しながら
飛灰中のPb含有量や無処理における飛灰からのPb溶
出量を随時モニタリングし、その変動にあわせて、ある
いは、処理前あるいは処理しながら焼却設備における消
石灰類の吹き込み量を随時モニタリングし、その変動に
あわせて、その時点における最適な添加量を決定する。
The kind of the harmful metal stabilizer used in the present invention can be selected without any particular limitation, but in the present invention,
Regarding the addition amount of these harmful metal stabilizers to fly ash, the property of fly ash is monitored at any time before or during the treatment, and the optimum addition amount is determined in accordance with the variation. More specifically, the Pb content in fly ash before or during treatment or the amount of Pb leached from untreated fly ash is monitored at any time, and in accordance with fluctuations thereof, or in incineration facilities before or during treatment. The amount of slaked lime injected is monitored from time to time, and the optimum amount added at that time is determined according to the variation.

【0022】前記飛灰の性質のモニタリングの具体的方
法は特に限定されるわけではないが、例えば、処理中に
飛灰のサンプリングを行い、採取した飛灰を自動的にプ
レス成形し、蛍光X線でPb含有量を定量し、このPb
含有量データに基づいて有害金属安定化剤の添加量を決
定する。望ましくは、混練機に入る直前の飛灰中のPb
含有量データに基づいて有害金属安定化剤の添加量を決
めるのがよい。もう1つの具体例は、消石灰の吹き込み
量とPb含有量の関係を把握しておき、処理される飛灰
中の消石灰量に基づいてPb含有量を算出し、それに基
づいて有害金属安定化剤の添加量を決める方法である。
更に別の方法としては、処理前あるいは処理しながら灰
中のアルカリ分を、例えば酸で中和する方法などで定量
し、飛灰中のPb含有量を算出し、それに基づいて有害
金属安定化剤を添加量を決める方法である。これらの方
法に基づいて有害金属安定化剤の添加量を決める頻度に
ついては、飛灰のバラツキや要望される管理の程度など
によって決めればよい。また、一般に、消石灰の吹き込
み量は煙道ガス中の塩酸ガス量によって制御されている
ので、処理前あるいは処理しながら煙道ガス中の塩酸ガ
ス量を随時モニタリングし、その変動にあわせて有害金
属安定化剤の添加量を決める方法も本発明の好ましい実
施態様である。
The specific method for monitoring the properties of the fly ash is not particularly limited. For example, the fly ash is sampled during the treatment, and the collected fly ash is automatically press-molded to obtain fluorescent X. The Pb content is quantified by the line and
Determine the amount of harmful metal stabilizer added based on the content data. Desirably, Pb in the fly ash just before entering the kneader
It is advisable to determine the amount of the harmful metal stabilizer added based on the content data. Another specific example is to grasp the relationship between the amount of slaked lime blown in and the Pb content, calculate the Pb content based on the amount of slaked lime in the fly ash to be treated, and use it as a harmful metal stabilizer. Is a method of determining the addition amount of.
As another method, the alkali content in the ash before or during the treatment is quantified by, for example, a method of neutralizing with an acid, and the Pb content in the fly ash is calculated. This is a method of determining the addition amount of the agent. The frequency of determining the addition amount of the harmful metal stabilizer based on these methods may be determined according to the variation of fly ash and the required degree of control. In general, the amount of slaked lime blown in is controlled by the amount of hydrochloric acid gas in the flue gas, so the amount of hydrochloric acid gas in the flue gas is monitored at any time before or during treatment, and harmful metal content can be adjusted accordingly. A method of determining the addition amount of the stabilizer is also a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

【0023】[0023]

【作用】処理前あるいは処理しながら飛灰の性質を随時
モニタリングし、その変動にあわせて有害金属安定化剤
の添加量を決めることによって、加えられた有害金属安
定化剤が効率よく飛灰中の有害金属に対して作用する。
[Operation] By monitoring the properties of fly ash before or during the treatment, and determining the amount of the harmful metal stabilizer added according to the variation, the added harmful metal stabilizer can be efficiently used in the fly ash. Acts against harmful metals.

【0024】[0024]

【発明の効果】以上のように、本発明では、処理前ある
いは処理しながら飛灰の性質を随時モニタリングし、そ
の変動にあわせて、有害金属安定化剤の最適な添加量を
決定し、飛灰に対してその時点で最適な量の有害金属安
定化剤を添加することによって、結果的にはより少ない
量の有害金属安定化剤によってPbなどの重金属の安定
化を行い、定められた溶出基準値以下にすることができ
る。
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY As described above, in the present invention, the properties of fly ash are monitored at any time before or during treatment, and the optimum addition amount of the harmful metal stabilizer is determined according to the variation, The optimum amount of harmful metal stabilizer is added to the ash at that time, and as a result, the heavy metal such as Pb is stabilized with a smaller amount of harmful metal stabilizer, and the predetermined elution is performed. It can be below the reference value.

【0025】[0025]

【実施例】以下に実施例を挙げて本発明を更に具体的に
説明するが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではない。
The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

【0026】(比較例および実施例)一般ごみ焼却場に
於いて、屋外排気ガス中のHCl濃度を一定にするよう
消石灰量を調整しながら焼却設備および排ガス処理装置
を運転した場合の飛灰を採取し、消石灰吹き込み量と採
取した飛灰中のPb含有量との関係をあらかじめ調べて
おいた。上記のごみ焼却場において、前記と同様に屋外
排気ガス中のHCl濃度を一定にするよう消石灰量を調
整しながら焼却設備および排ガス処理装置を運転して飛
灰を採取した。このときの消石灰吹き込み量から、先に
調べた消石灰吹き込み量と飛灰中のPb含有量との関係
に基づき、得られた飛灰中のPb含有量を算出し、算出
した飛灰中のPb含有量から有害金属安定化剤の添加量
を決め、飛灰に添加混合し、さらに適宜水を添加、混練
したものを20℃で7日静置した後、環境庁告示13号
(日本)のPb溶出試験を行った。表1に、消石灰吹き
込み量から算出した飛灰中のPb含有量、使用した有害
金属安定化剤の種類、および添加量添加、並びにPb溶
出試験結果を示す。
(Comparative Examples and Examples) In a general refuse incineration plant, fly ash when operating the incinerator and the exhaust gas treatment device while adjusting the amount of slaked lime so that the HCl concentration in the outdoor exhaust gas is kept constant The relationship between the amount of slaked lime injected and the Pb content in the collected fly ash was collected and examined in advance. In the above refuse incineration plant, fly ash was collected by operating the incinerator and the exhaust gas treatment device while adjusting the amount of slaked lime so as to keep the HCl concentration in the outdoor exhaust gas constant as in the above case. From the amount of slaked lime blown at this time, the Pb content in the obtained fly ash was calculated based on the relationship between the previously examined amount of slaked lime blown and the Pb content in the fly ash, and the calculated Pb in the fly ash was calculated. Determine the amount of harmful metal stabilizer to be added from the content, add and mix to fly ash, add water appropriately, and knead the mixture and leave it at 20 ° C for 7 days. A Pb dissolution test was performed. Table 1 shows the Pb content in the fly ash calculated from the amount of slaked lime blown in, the type of harmful metal stabilizer used, the addition amount, and the Pb dissolution test results.

【0027】[0027]

【表1】 [Table 1]

【0028】以上より、本発明の廃棄物処理方法が、有
害金属の溶出を防止するために極めて有効であることが
明らかとなった。
From the above, it became clear that the waste treatment method of the present invention is extremely effective for preventing the elution of harmful metals.

Claims (5)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 廃棄物焼却設備に付属する飛灰処理装置
において、飛灰の処理前あるいは処理しながら飛灰の性
質を随時モニタリングし、その変動にあわせて有害金属
安定化剤の添加量を決定して飛灰に添加し、必要に応じ
て水を添加して混合、混練する廃棄物処理方法。
1. A fly ash treatment device attached to a waste incineration facility monitors the properties of fly ash before or during the treatment of fly ash, and adjusts the amount of harmful metal stabilizer added according to the change. A waste treatment method in which it is determined, added to fly ash, and if necessary, water is added and mixed and kneaded.
【請求項2】 飛灰中のPb含有量または無処理におけ
る飛灰からのPb溶出量をモニタリングし、それらの変
動にあわせて有害金属安定化剤の添加量を決定してなる
請求項1記載の廃棄物処理方法。
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the Pb content in the fly ash or the Pb elution amount from the fly ash without treatment is monitored, and the addition amount of the harmful metal stabilizer is determined according to these variations. Waste disposal method.
【請求項3】 前記焼却設備における消石灰類の吹き込
み量をモニタリングし、その変動にあわせて有害金属安
定化剤の添加量を決定してなる請求項1記載の廃棄物処
理方法。
3. The waste treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the amount of slaked lime blown into the incinerator is monitored, and the amount of the harmful metal stabilizer added is determined according to the variation.
【請求項4】 前記焼却設備における煙道ガス中の塩酸
ガス量をモニタリングし、その変動にあわせて有害金属
安定化剤の添加量を決定してなる請求項1記載の廃棄物
処理方法。
4. The waste treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the amount of hydrochloric acid gas in the flue gas in the incinerator is monitored and the amount of the harmful metal stabilizer added is determined according to the variation.
【請求項5】 前記有害金属安定化剤が、セメント類、
中和剤、無機吸着剤、キレート剤、水ガラス、リン酸
塩、およびPbなどの有害金属化合物と反応して難溶性
あるいは不溶性の化合物を生成する化合物からなる群か
ら選択される1種以上を主たる構成成分とする請求項1
〜請求項4のいずれかに記載の廃棄物処理方法。
5. The harmful metal stabilizer is cement,
At least one selected from the group consisting of a neutralizing agent, an inorganic adsorbent, a chelating agent, water glass, a phosphate, and a compound that reacts with a harmful metal compound such as Pb to form a sparingly soluble or insoluble compound. Claim 1 as a main constituent
~ The waste treatment method according to claim 4.
JP8059039A 1996-03-15 1996-03-15 Waste treatment Pending JPH09248542A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP8059039A JPH09248542A (en) 1996-03-15 1996-03-15 Waste treatment

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP8059039A JPH09248542A (en) 1996-03-15 1996-03-15 Waste treatment

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH09248542A true JPH09248542A (en) 1997-09-22

Family

ID=13101773

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP8059039A Pending JPH09248542A (en) 1996-03-15 1996-03-15 Waste treatment

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH09248542A (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009249466A (en) * 2008-04-03 2009-10-29 Adeka Corp Heavy metal insolubilizing agent and soil decontamination method using it
JP2013017956A (en) * 2011-07-12 2013-01-31 Takuma Co Ltd Method for controlling additive rate of chelating agent to fly ash
CN109277402A (en) * 2018-11-30 2019-01-29 永清环保股份有限公司 A kind of the stabilisation curing process system and processing method of incineration of refuse flyash
CN114602931A (en) * 2022-03-17 2022-06-10 深圳市航天新材科技有限公司 Method for volume reduction and stabilization treatment of incineration fly ash
WO2022196728A1 (en) * 2021-03-17 2022-09-22 栗田工業株式会社 Combustion exhaust gas treatment method and combustion exhaust gas treatment apparatus

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009249466A (en) * 2008-04-03 2009-10-29 Adeka Corp Heavy metal insolubilizing agent and soil decontamination method using it
JP2013017956A (en) * 2011-07-12 2013-01-31 Takuma Co Ltd Method for controlling additive rate of chelating agent to fly ash
CN109277402A (en) * 2018-11-30 2019-01-29 永清环保股份有限公司 A kind of the stabilisation curing process system and processing method of incineration of refuse flyash
CN109277402B (en) * 2018-11-30 2023-11-07 永清环保股份有限公司 Stabilization and solidification treatment system and treatment method for waste incineration fly ash
WO2022196728A1 (en) * 2021-03-17 2022-09-22 栗田工業株式会社 Combustion exhaust gas treatment method and combustion exhaust gas treatment apparatus
JP2022143294A (en) * 2021-03-17 2022-10-03 栗田工業株式会社 Method of processing flue gas and device for processing flue gas
CN114602931A (en) * 2022-03-17 2022-06-10 深圳市航天新材科技有限公司 Method for volume reduction and stabilization treatment of incineration fly ash

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