JPH09243737A - Fm-cw radar - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve the linearity and enhance the performance of a radar by constituting a voltage control oscillator by use of a super abrupt junction varactor diode, and multiplying the oscillated frequency to provide a transmission signal. SOLUTION: A first oscillator 1a contains a super abrupt junction varactor diode, and outputs a high frequency modulating signal having a frequency of 1/X of a transmission signal emitted from a transmission antenna 3 to a target. An X-multiplier 11 multiplies the frequency of the output of the first oscillator 1a X-times. A directional coupler 2 takes a part of the output of the X-multiplier 11 as a first station transmission signal, and outputs the residue as transmission signal. The transmission antenna 3 emits the transmission signal to the target. The output of the oscillator using the super abrupt junction varactor diode is multiplied to provide the transmission signal, whereby the linearity can be improved. Thus, drop in video signal level and widening of frequency band can be prevented, and reduction in distance performance and deterioration in precision of distance and relative speed can be prevented.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a human being mounted on a moving body such as an automobile and using a radio wave to exist around a vehicle.
The present invention relates to an FM-CW radar for detecting a vehicle, an obstacle, and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing a conventional FM-CW radar. 1a and 1b are first and second oscillators, 2 is a directional coupler, 3 is a transmitting antenna, 4 is a receiving antenna, 5a, 5b and 5c are first, second and third fundamental mixers, 6a and 6b are first and second amplifiers, 7
Is a power distributor, 8 is a filter, 9 is an A / D converter, 10
Is a signal processing unit.

Next, the operation will be described. In FIG. 10, the first oscillator 1a is a high frequency modulation signal (frequency F _RF
Of ± ΔF, F _RF is a high frequency component and ± ΔF is a modulation frequency component. ) Is output. The directional coupler 2 outputs a part of the high frequency modulation signal as a first local oscillation signal and the rest as a transmission signal to the transmission antenna 3. The transmission antenna 3 outputs a transmission signal toward a target (not shown in the figure), and the reception antenna 4 receives a reflection signal from the target and receives a reception signal (frequency component R _RF ± ΔF + F _b , where F _b is The beat frequency component corresponding to the target distance / speed is output.
The second oscillator 1b outputs a second local oscillator signal having an intermediate frequency (frequency lower than the high frequency modulation signal output from the first oscillator 1a). The power distributor 7 divides this second local oscillator signal into two directions. First fundamental wave mixer 5a
Receives the received signal and one of the outputs of the power distributor 7, frequency-converts it, and outputs it. The second fundamental wave mixer 5b receives the output of the first fundamental wave mixer 5a and the first local oscillation signal, performs frequency conversion, and outputs an intermediate frequency signal. The first amplifier 6a amplifies this intermediate frequency signal. The third fundamental wave mixer 5c receives the other output of the power distributor 7 and the output of the first amplifier 6a, performs frequency conversion, and outputs a video signal. The filter 8 suppresses the harmonic component of this video signal. The second amplifier 6b amplifies the video signal.
The A / D converter 9 converts the amplified video signal into a digital signal. The signal processing unit 10 obtains information such as the distance to the target and the relative speed from the digitized signal.

Here, the operation will be supplementarily described. FIG.
2 shows an operation principle diagram of the FM-CW radar. FIG. 11 (a)
The curve a in Fig. 2 shows the transmission signal and the local oscillation signal (frequency F _RF ±
Of ΔF, F _RF is a high-frequency component and ± ΔF is a modulation frequency component. ), Curve b is the received signal (frequency F _RF ± ΔF + F
_{Of b} , F _b is a beat frequency component corresponding to the target distance / speed. ). In the case of the FM-CW radar, the target is irradiated with the frequency-modulated transmission signal, the reception signal has a delay time of twice the distance to the target, and the reception signal is frequency-converted by the local oscillation signal. The video signal has a frequency F _b like the curve c in b). Next, in the signal processing unit 10, the distance to the target and the relative speed are calculated from this frequency F _b . In order to simplify the description, the case where the own speed and the target speed are the same, that is, the case where the relative speed = 0 is shown.

Next, the operation of the first oscillator 1a in the conventional FM-CW radar will be described. Usually, FM-
In the CW radar, a voltage controlled oscillator is used as the first oscillator 1a. This voltage controlled oscillator controls the oscillation frequency by the applied control voltage. FIG.
The relation between the control voltage of the voltage controlled oscillator and the output frequency is shown.
Ideally, the control voltage value and the oscillation frequency value are in a proportional relationship as shown by the curve a in FIG. 12A, but in reality, the oscillation frequency is proportional as in the curve b in FIG. 12A. It doesn't matter. Therefore, even if a triangular wave or sawtooth wave voltage is applied to the voltage controlled oscillator, the linearity of the frequency-modulated signal that is output deteriorates. In particular, linearity tends to deteriorate as the harmonics in the millimeter wave band or the like increase.
When transmitting and receiving with such a signal with poor linearity, the spectrum of the obtained video signal is shown in FIG.
As shown by the curve d in FIG. 12B, the signal level is lowered and the frequency bandwidth is widened as compared with the case of transmitting and receiving with an ideal frequency modulation signal like the curve c in FIG. This causes deterioration of performance, deterioration of measurement accuracy of distance and relative speed, and the like.

Further, in the conventional configuration shown in FIG. 11, two oscillators are used for transmitting signals, first and second local oscillator signals, and three fundamental wave mixers are used for intermediate frequency signals and video signals. Therefore, the configuration becomes complicated and the shape becomes large,
This leads to higher costs and higher power consumption. Therefore,
When used by being mounted on a moving body such as an automobile, the mountability on the automobile, mass productivity (low cost), etc. are deteriorated, and it is necessary to add a power supply.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The above conventional F
In the M-CW radar, since the oscillator (voltage-controlled oscillator) that oscillates the frequency of the transmission signal has poor linearity, there are problems that the distance performance is degraded and the accuracy of the distance and the relative speed is degraded. In addition, because it is configured by using two oscillators and three fundamental wave mixers, it leads to larger size, higher cost, higher power consumption, etc. ) Etc. worsened, and there was a problem that it was necessary to add additional power supply.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and a linearity is obtained by forming a voltage controlled oscillator using a hyper-stair junction varactor diode and multiplying its oscillation frequency to obtain a transmission signal. To improve the radar performance. Further, by obtaining a plurality of local oscillation signals by the two mixers in the process of multiplying the output of the voltage controlled oscillator, an intermediate frequency signal and a video signal can be obtained, thereby simplifying the configuration, downsizing, lowering the cost and reducing the power consumption. The purpose is to convert.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the first aspect of the present invention, an FM-
The CW radar includes a first oscillator having a built-in hyper-stair junction varactor diode, an X multiplier, a directional coupler, a transmitting antenna, a receiving antenna, a second oscillator, a power divider, and a first power divider. , Second and third fundamental mixers and A / D
It was equipped with a transducer and a signal processor for obtaining the target distance and relative velocity.

The FM-CW radar according to the second aspect of the present invention comprises a first oscillator having a built-in hyper-stair junction varactor diode, an X multiplier, a first directional coupler, and a Y frequency divider. A frequency discreet, a second oscillator, a comparator,
An X multiplier, a second directional coupler, a transmitting antenna,
A receiving antenna, a third oscillator, a power divider, first, second and third fundamental mixers, an A / D converter,
And a signal processing unit for obtaining a target distance and a relative speed.

The FM-CW radar according to the third aspect of the invention comprises an oscillator having a built-in hyper-stair junction varactor diode, an X multiplier, a first directional coupler, and an N multiplier.
A second directional coupler, an M multiplier, a transmitting antenna,
Receiving antenna, first and second fundamental mixer, A / D
It was equipped with a transducer and a signal processor for obtaining the target distance and relative velocity.

An FM-CW radar according to a fourth aspect of the present invention includes an oscillator having a built-in hyper-stair junction varactor diode, an X multiplier, a directional coupler, a double multiplier, a transmitting antenna, and a receiving antenna. , A power distributor, first and second fundamental wave mixers, an A / D converter, and a signal processing unit for obtaining a target distance and relative speed.

An FM-CW radar according to a fifth aspect of the invention is an oscillator having a built-in hyper-stair junction varactor diode, an X multiplier, a first directional coupler, and an N multiplier.
A second directional coupler, an M multiplier, a transmitting antenna,
Even harmonics that include a receiving antenna and an anti-parallel diode pair in which two diodes of opposite polarities are connected in parallel and output a signal with the sum and difference frequencies of the frequency of the local wave and the frequency of the signal wave A mixer, a fundamental mixer,
An A / D converter and a signal processing unit for obtaining a target distance and a relative speed were provided.

The FM-CW radar according to the sixth aspect of the present invention includes an oscillator having a built-in hyper-stair junction varactor diode, an X multiplier, a directional coupler, a triple multiplier, a transmitting antenna, and a receiving antenna. , Power divider and 2 of opposite polarity
An anti-parallel diode pair in which two diodes are connected in parallel is built in, and an even harmonic mixer that outputs a signal having a sum and difference frequency of the frequency of the local wave and the frequency of the signal wave, a fundamental wave mixer, An A / D converter and a signal processing unit for obtaining a target distance and a relative speed were provided.

An FM-CW radar according to a seventh aspect of the invention is an oscillator having a built-in hyper-stair junction varactor diode, an X multiplier, a first directional coupler, and an N multiplier.
A second directional coupler, an M multiplier, a transmitting antenna,
A receiving antenna and an anti-parallel diode pair in which two diodes of opposite polarities are connected in parallel are built-in, and a signal having a sum and difference frequency of twice the frequency of the local oscillation wave and the frequency of the signal wave is output. A second even harmonic mixer, A
The / D converter and the signal processing unit for obtaining the target distance and the relative velocity are provided.

The FM-CW radar according to the eighth aspect of the invention includes an oscillator having a built-in hyper-stair junction varactor diode, an X multiplier, a directional coupler, a quadruple multiplier, a transmitting antenna, and a receiving antenna. , Power divider and 2 of opposite polarity
A first and a second even harmonic mixer which incorporates an anti-parallel diode pair in which two diodes are connected in parallel, and outputs a signal having a sum and difference frequency of the frequency of the local oscillation wave and the frequency of the signal wave , A / D converter, and a signal processing unit for obtaining a target distance and relative velocity.

[0017]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Embodiment 1. 1 is a block diagram of an FM-CW radar showing Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In FIG.
a and 1b are first and second oscillators, 2 is a directional coupler, 3 is a transmitting antenna, 4 is a receiving antenna, and 5a and 5b.
And 5c are first, second and third fundamental mixers, 6a and 6b are first and second amplifiers, 7 is a power distributor, 8 is a filter, 9 is an A / D converter, 10 is signal processing Part, 11
Is an X multiplier.

Next, the operation will be described. In FIG. 1, the first oscillator 1a has a built-in hyper-stair junction varactor diode, and is targeted from the transmitting antenna 3 (not shown in the figure).
1 / X of the transmission signal (corresponding to the curve a in FIG. 11A. The frequency is F _RF ± ΔF, F _RF is the high frequency component, and ± ΔF is the modulation frequency component). And outputs a high frequency modulated signal. However, X is a real number of 1 or more. The X multiplier 11 multiplies the frequency of the output of the first oscillator 1a by X. The directional coupler 2 is the X multiplier 1
A part of the output of 1 is output as a first local oscillation signal, and the rest is output as a transmission signal. The transmission antenna 3 irradiates a target with a transmission signal. The receiving antenna 4 receives the reflected signal from the target and outputs the received signal (corresponding to the curve b in FIG. 11A). The second oscillator 1b outputs a second local oscillator signal having an intermediate frequency. The power distributor 7 divides this second local oscillator signal into two directions. The first fundamental wave mixer 5a receives the received signal and one output of the power distributor 7, converts the frequency, and outputs the converted signal. Second fundamental wave mixer 5b
Receives the output of the first fundamental wave mixer 5a and the first local oscillation signal, performs frequency conversion, and outputs an intermediate frequency signal. The first amplifier 6a amplifies this intermediate frequency signal. The third fundamental wave mixer 5c receives the other output of the power distributor 7 and the output of the first amplifier 6a, performs frequency conversion, and outputs a video signal. The filter 8 suppresses the harmonic component of this video signal. The second amplifier 6b amplifies the video signal. The A / D converter 9 converts the amplified video signal into a digital signal. The signal processing unit 10 obtains information such as the distance to the target and the relative speed from the digitized signal. As described above, in the conventional FM-CW radar, since the frequency of the transmission signal was directly oscillated, the linearity of the frequency modulation signal such as the triangular wave or sawtooth wave was deteriorated. However, the output of the oscillator using the hyper-stair junction diode It is possible to improve linearity by multiplying by to obtain a transmission signal. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the lowering of the video signal level and the widening of the frequency band.
It is possible to prevent the deterioration of the distance performance of the M-CW radar and the deterioration of the accuracy of the distance and the relative speed.

Embodiment 2. 2 is a block diagram of an FM-CW radar showing a second embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1a, 1b and 1c are first, second and third oscillators, 2a and 2b are first and second oscillators. A second directional coupler,
3 is a transmitting antenna, 4 is a receiving antenna, 5a, 5b and 5c are first, second and third fundamental wave mixers, 6a and 6
b is a first and second amplifier, 7 is a power distributor, 8 is a filter, 9 is an A / D converter, 10 is a signal processing unit, and 11 is X.
Multiplier, 12 Y divider, 13 frequency discriminator, 1
4 is a comparator.

Next, the operation will be described. In FIG. 2, the first oscillator 1a has a built-in hyper-stair junction varactor diode, and is targeted from the transmission antenna 3 (not shown in the figure).
1 / X of the transmission signal (corresponding to the curve a in FIG. 11A. The frequency is F _RF ± ΔF, F _RF is the high frequency component, and ± ΔF is the modulation frequency component). And outputs a high frequency modulated signal. However, X is a real number of 1 or more. The first directional coupler 2a outputs a part of the output of the first oscillator 1a as a linearized signal and the rest as a transmission reference signal. The Y frequency divider 12 divides the frequency of the linearized signal into 1 / Y. However,
Y is a real number of 1 or more. The frequency discriminator 13 converts the output frequency of the Y frequency divider 13 into a voltage value. The second oscillator 1b outputs a voltage according to the waveform of the transmission signal such as a triangular wave or a sawtooth wave. The comparator 14 receives the outputs of the frequency discriminator 13 and the second oscillator 1b, detects the difference, and corrects the frequency control voltage by adding the difference to the frequency control voltage applied to the first oscillator 1a. Then, the linearity of the frequency modulation signal output from the first oscillator 1a is improved. The X multiplier 11 multiplies the frequency of the transmission reference signal output from the first directional coupler 2a by X. The second directional coupler 2b outputs a part of the output of the X multiplier 11 as a first local oscillation signal and the rest as a transmission signal. The transmission antenna 3 irradiates a target with a transmission signal. The receiving antenna 4 receives the reflected signal from the target and outputs the received signal (corresponding to the curve b in FIG. 11A). The third oscillator 1c outputs a second local oscillator signal having an intermediate frequency. The power distributor 7 divides this second local oscillator signal into two directions. The first fundamental wave mixer 5a receives the received signal and one output of the power distributor 7, converts the frequency, and outputs the converted signal. Second fundamental wave mixer 5b
Receives the output of the first fundamental wave mixer 5a and the first local oscillation signal, performs frequency conversion, and outputs an intermediate frequency signal. The first amplifier 6a amplifies this intermediate frequency signal. The third fundamental wave mixer 5c receives the other output of the power distributor 7 and the output of the first amplifier 6a, performs frequency conversion, and outputs a video signal. The filter 8 suppresses the harmonic component of this video signal. The second amplifier 6b amplifies the video signal. The A / D converter 9 converts the amplified video signal into a digital signal. The signal processing unit 10 obtains information such as the distance to the target and the relative speed from the digitized signal. In this way, the output of the first oscillator 1a using the hyper-stair junction diode is multiplied, and the frequency control voltage applied to the first oscillator 1a is corrected using the frequency discriminating device 13 or the like to correct the transmission signal. By obtaining it, it becomes possible to improve the linearity. Therefore,
It is possible to prevent the video signal level from being lowered and the frequency band to be broadened, so that it is possible to prevent the range performance of the FM-CW radar from being degraded and the accuracy of the range and the relative speed to be degraded.

Embodiment 3 3 is a block diagram of an FM-CW radar showing a third embodiment of the present invention, in which 1 is an oscillator, 2a and 2b are first and second directional couplers, 3 is a transmitting antenna, 4 is a receiving antenna,
5a and 5b are first and second fundamental mixers, 6a and 6b are first and second amplifiers, 8 is a filter, and 9 is A /
D converter, 10 is a signal processing unit, 11 is an X multiplier, 15 is an N multiplier, and 16 is an M multiplier.

Next, the operation will be described. In FIG. 3, the oscillator 1 has a built-in hyper-stair junction varactor diode and corresponds to a transmission signal (curve a in FIG. 11A) that irradiates a target (not shown in the figure) from the transmission antenna 3.
The frequency is F _RF ± ΔF, and F _RF is the high frequency component, ± ΔF
Is the modulation frequency component. Output a high frequency modulation signal having a frequency of 1 / (X · N · M). However, X, N
And M are real numbers of 1 or more. The X multiplier 11 multiplies the output frequency of the oscillator 1 by X. First directional coupler 2a
Represents a part of the output of the X multiplier 11 as a first local oscillation signal,
The rest is output as the first transmission reference signal. N multiplier 1
5 multiplies the frequency of the first transmission reference signal by N and outputs it. The second directional coupler 2b outputs a part of the output of the N multiplier 15 as a second local oscillation signal and outputs the rest as a second transmission reference signal. The M multiplier 16 multiplies the frequency of the second transmission reference signal by M and outputs the transmission signal. The transmission antenna 3 irradiates a target with a transmission signal. The receiving antenna 4 is
Upon receiving the reflected signal from the target, the received signal (Fig. 11 (a))
Corresponds to curve b. ) Is output. The first fundamental wave mixer 5a receives the second local oscillation signal and the reception signal, frequency-converts them, and outputs an intermediate frequency signal. First amplifier 6
a amplifies this intermediate frequency signal. The second fundamental wave mixer 5b receives the output of the first amplifier 6a and the first local oscillator signal, performs frequency conversion, and outputs a video signal (corresponding to the curve c in FIG. 11B). The filter 8 filters the harmonic components of this video signal. The second amplifier 6b amplifies the video signal output from the filter 8. The A / D converter 9 digitally converts the video signal output from the second amplifier 6b. The signal processing unit 10 receives the digitized video signal,
Derive the target distance and relative velocity. Thus, by multiplying the output of the oscillator 1 using the hyper-staircase junction diode to obtain the transmission signal, it is possible to improve the linearity. Therefore, it becomes possible to prevent the video signal level from being lowered and the frequency band to be broadened, and the FM-C
It is possible to prevent deterioration of the distance performance of the W radar and deterioration of accuracy of distance and relative speed. Further, in the conventional FM-CW radar, the heterodyne detection method is configured by using two oscillators and three fundamental wave mixers, but in the present embodiment, only one oscillator and two fundamental wave mixers are used. Since it is configured to be used, the device can be downsized, the cost can be reduced, and the power consumption can be reduced, and the mountability in an automobile and the mass productivity can be improved.

Embodiment 4 4 is a block diagram of an FM-CW radar showing Embodiment 4 of the present invention, in which 1 is an oscillator, 2 is a directional coupler, 3 is a transmitting antenna, 4 is a receiving antenna, 5a and 5b. Is a first and second fundamental mixer, 6a and 6b are first and second amplifiers, 7 is a power distributor, 8 is a filter, 9 is an A / D converter, 10 is a signal processing unit, 11 is X A multiplier, 17 is a doubler.

Next, the operation will be described. In FIG. 4, the oscillator 1 has a built-in hyper-stair junction varactor diode and corresponds to a transmission signal (curve a in FIG. 11A) that irradiates a target (not shown in the figure) from the transmission antenna 3.
The frequency is F _RF ± ΔF, and F _RF is the high frequency component, ± ΔF
Is the modulation frequency component. Output a high frequency modulation signal having a frequency of 1 / (2 · X). However, X is a real number of 1 or more. The X multiplier 11 multiplies the output frequency of the oscillator 1 by X. The directional coupler 2 outputs a part of the output of the X multiplier 11 as a first local oscillation signal and outputs the rest as a transmission reference signal. The doubler 17 doubles the frequency of the transmission reference signal and outputs the transmission signal. The transmission antenna 3 irradiates a target with a transmission signal. The receiving antenna 4 receives the reflected signal from the target and outputs the received signal (corresponding to the curve b in FIG. 11A). The power distributor 7 is
The local oscillation signal is divided into two directions and output. The first fundamental wave mixer 5a receives one output signal of the power distributor 7 and the received signal, performs frequency conversion, and outputs an intermediate frequency signal. The first amplifier 6a amplifies this intermediate frequency signal. The second fundamental wave mixer 5b receives the other output signal of the power distributor 7 and the output of the first amplifier 6a and frequency-converts the video signal (corresponding to the curve c in FIG. 11B). Output. The filter 8 filters the harmonic components of this video signal. The second amplifier 6b amplifies the video signal output from the filter 8. The A / D converter 9 digitally converts the video signal output from the second amplifier 6b. The signal processing unit 10 receives the digitized video signal and derives the target distance and relative velocity. In this way, by multiplying the output of the oscillator using the hyper-stair junction diode to obtain the transmission signal,
It is possible to improve linearity. Therefore, it becomes possible to prevent the video signal level from being lowered and the frequency band to be broadened, and the distance performance of the FM-CW radar is lowered,
It is possible to prevent deterioration of accuracy of distance and relative speed. Moreover, since the heterodyne detection method is configured by using only one oscillator and two fundamental wave mixers, it is possible to reduce the size of the device, reduce the cost, and reduce the power consumption, and to mount the device in an automobile or the like. Mass productivity can be improved.

Embodiment 5 FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an FM-CW radar showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention, in which 1 is an oscillator, 2a and 2b are first and second directional couplers, 3 is a transmitting antenna, 4 is a receiving antenna,
Reference numeral 5 is a fundamental wave mixer, 6a and 6b are first and second amplifiers, 8 is a filter, 9 is an A / D converter, 10 is a signal processing unit, 11 is an X multiplier, 15 is an N multiplier, and 16 is The M multiplier, 18 includes an anti-parallel diode pair in which two diodes of opposite polarities are connected in parallel, and outputs an even harmonic that outputs a signal having a sum and difference frequency of the signal wave frequency and the double frequency of the local oscillation wave. It is a wave mixer.

Next, the operation will be described. In FIG. 5, the oscillator 1 has a built-in hyper-stair junction varactor diode and corresponds to a transmission signal (curve a in FIG. 11A) that irradiates a target (not shown in the figure) from the transmission antenna 3.
The frequency is F _RF ± ΔF, and F _RF is the high frequency component, ± ΔF
Is the modulation frequency component. Output a high frequency modulation signal having a frequency of 1 / (X · N · M). However, X, N
And M are real numbers of 1 or more. The X multiplier 11 multiplies the output frequency of the oscillator 1 by X. First directional coupler 2a
Represents a part of the output of the X multiplier 11 as a first local oscillation signal,
The rest is output as the first transmission reference signal. N multiplier 1
5 multiplies the frequency of the first transmission reference signal by N and outputs it. The second directional coupler 2b outputs a part of the output of the N multiplier 15 as a second local oscillation signal and outputs the rest as a second transmission reference signal. The M multiplier 16 multiplies the frequency of the second transmission reference signal by M and outputs the transmission signal. The transmission antenna 3 irradiates a target with a transmission signal. The receiving antenna 4 is
Upon receiving the reflected signal from the target, the received signal (Fig. 11 (a))
Corresponds to curve b. ) Is output. The even harmonic mixer 18 outputs an intermediate frequency signal having a frequency that is the sum and difference of the double frequency of the first local oscillator signal and the frequency of the received signal. The first amplifier 6a amplifies this intermediate frequency signal. The fundamental wave mixer 5 receives the output of the first amplifier 6a and the second local oscillator signal, converts the frequency, and outputs the video signal (see FIG. 11).
It corresponds to the curve c in (b). ) Is output. The filter 8 filters the harmonic components of this video signal. The second amplifier 6b amplifies the video signal output from the filter 8. The A / D converter 9 digitally converts the video signal output from the second amplifier 6b. The signal processing unit 10 receives the digitized video signal and derives the target distance and relative velocity. As described above, the linearity can be improved by multiplying the output of the oscillator using the hyper-stair junction diode to obtain the transmission signal. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the video signal level from being lowered and the frequency band to be broadened, and it is possible to prevent the distance performance of the FM-CW radar from being degraded and the accuracy of the distance and the relative speed to be degraded. Further, since the heterodyne detection method is configured by using only one oscillator, even harmonic mixer and fundamental wave mixer, it is possible to downsize the device, reduce the cost, and reduce the power consumption, and use it in automobiles, etc. The mountability and mass productivity can be improved.

Next, the characteristics of the even harmonic mixer 18 will be supplemented. FIG. 9 shows a noise voltage included in a video signal output from an even harmonic mixer including a fundamental wave mixer and an anti-parallel diode pair in which two diodes having opposite polarities are connected in parallel. In FIG. 9, curve a is the fundamental wave mixer, and curve b is the noise voltage contained in the video signal output from the even harmonic mixer. Thus, it can be seen that the noise voltage of the even harmonic mixer is much smaller than the noise voltage of the fundamental mixer. Therefore, by using the even harmonic mixer, the noise figure (hereinafter referred to as NF) of the receiving system can be improved and the distance performance can be improved.

Embodiment 6 FIG. 6 is a block diagram of an FM-CW radar showing a sixth embodiment of the present invention, in which 1 is an oscillator, 2 is a directional coupler, 3 is a transmitting antenna, 4 is a receiving antenna, 5 is a basic Wave mixers, 6a and 6b are first and second amplifiers, 7 is a power distributor, 8 is a filter, 9 is an A / D converter, 10 is a signal processing unit, 11
Is an X multiplier, and 18 is an even parallel output that has a built-in anti-parallel diode pair in which two diodes of opposite polarities are connected in parallel, and outputs a signal having a sum and difference frequency of the frequency of the signal wave and the double frequency of the local oscillation wave. The harmonic mixer 19 is a tripler.

Next, the operation will be described. In FIG. 6, the oscillator 1 has a built-in hyper-stair junction varactor diode and corresponds to the transmission signal (curve a in FIG. 11A) that irradiates the target (not shown in the figure) from the transmission antenna 3.
The frequency is F _RF ± ΔF, and F _RF is the high frequency component, ± ΔF
Is the modulation frequency component. Output a high frequency modulation signal having a frequency of 1 / (3 · X). However, X is a real number of 1 or more. The X multiplier 11 multiplies the output frequency of the oscillator 1 by X. The directional coupler 2 outputs a part of the output of the X multiplier 11 as a local oscillation signal and outputs the rest as a transmission reference signal. The tripler 19 triples the frequency of the transmission reference signal and outputs the transmission signal. The transmission antenna 3 irradiates a target with a transmission signal. The receiving antenna 4 receives the reflected signal from the target and outputs the received signal (corresponding to the curve b in FIG. 11A). The power distributor 7 divides the local oscillation signal into two directions and outputs it. The even harmonic mixer 18 outputs an intermediate frequency signal having a frequency that is the sum and difference of the double frequency of one output signal of the power distributor 7 and the frequency of the received signal. The first amplifier 6a amplifies this intermediate frequency signal. The fundamental wave mixer 5 receives the other output signal of the power distributor 7 and the output of the first amplifier 6a, converts the frequency, and outputs a video signal (corresponding to the curve c in FIG. 11B). The filter 8 filters the harmonic components of this video signal. The second amplifier 6b amplifies the video signal output from the filter 8. The A / D converter 9 digitally converts the video signal output from the second amplifier 6b. The signal processing unit 10 receives the digitized video signal and derives the target distance and relative velocity. As described above, the linearity can be improved by multiplying the output of the oscillator using the hyper-stair junction diode to obtain the transmission signal. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the video signal level from being lowered and the frequency band to be broadened, and it is possible to prevent the distance performance of the FM-CW radar from being degraded and the accuracy of the distance and the relative speed to be degraded. Further, since the heterodyne detection method is configured by using only one oscillator, each even harmonic mixer and one fundamental wave mixer, it is possible to downsize the device, reduce the cost, and reduce the power consumption. It is possible to improve mountability and mass productivity. Furthermore, by using an even harmonic mixer, the NF of the receiving system
The distance performance can be improved.

Embodiment 7 FIG. 7 is a block diagram of an FM-CW radar showing a seventh embodiment of the present invention, in which 1 is an oscillator, 2a and 2b are first and second directional couplers, 3 is a transmitting antenna, 4 is a receiving antenna,
6a and 6b are first and second amplifiers, 8 is a filter,
9 is an A / D converter, 10 is a signal processing unit, 11 is an X multiplier, 15 is an N multiplier, 16 is an M multiplier, and 18a and 18a.
b has a built-in anti-parallel diode pair in which two diodes of opposite polarities are connected in parallel, and outputs a signal having a sum and difference frequency of the frequency of the signal wave and twice the frequency of the local oscillation wave. It is an even harmonic mixer.

Next, the operation will be described. In FIG. 7, the oscillator 1 has a built-in hyper-stair junction varactor diode and corresponds to a transmission signal (curve a in FIG. 11A) that irradiates a target (not shown in the figure) from the transmission antenna 3.
The frequency is F _RF ± ΔF, and F _RF is the high frequency component, ± ΔF
Is the modulation frequency component. Output a high frequency modulation signal having a frequency of 1 / (X · N · M). However, X, N
And M are real numbers of 1 or more. The X multiplier 11 multiplies the output frequency of the oscillator 1 by X. First directional coupler 2a
Represents a part of the output of the X multiplier 11 as a first local oscillation signal,
The rest is output as the first transmission reference signal. N multiplier 1
5 multiplies the frequency of the first transmission reference signal by N and outputs it. The second directional coupler 2b outputs a part of the output of the N multiplier 15 as a second local oscillation signal and outputs the rest as a second transmission reference signal. The M multiplier 16 multiplies the frequency of the second transmission reference signal by M and outputs the transmission signal. The transmission antenna 3 irradiates a target with a transmission signal. The receiving antenna 4 is
Upon receiving the reflected signal from the target, the received signal (Fig. 11 (a))
Corresponds to curve b. ) Is output. The first even harmonic mixer 18a outputs an intermediate frequency signal having a sum and difference frequency of the double frequency of the second local oscillator signal and the frequency of the received signal. The first amplifier 6a amplifies this intermediate frequency signal. The second even harmonic mixer 18b outputs the video signal having the sum and difference frequencies of the double frequency of the first local oscillation signal and the frequency of the intermediate frequency signal (curve c in FIG. 11B).
Is equivalent to ) Is output. The filter 8 filters the harmonic components of this video signal. The second amplifier 6b amplifies the video signal output from the filter 8. The A / D converter 9 digitally converts the video signal output from the second amplifier 6b. Signal processing unit 1
0 receives the digitized video signal and derives the target distance and relative velocity. As described above, the linearity can be improved by multiplying the output of the oscillator using the hyper-stair junction diode to obtain the transmission signal. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the video signal level from being lowered and the frequency band to be broadened, and it is possible to prevent the distance performance of the FM-CW radar from being degraded and the accuracy of the distance and the relative speed to be degraded. Also, because the heterodyne detection method is configured by using only one oscillator and two even harmonic mixers, it is possible to reduce the size of the device, reduce the cost, and reduce the power consumption, so that it can be mounted on an automobile or the like. And mass productivity can be improved. Further, by using the even harmonic mixer, the NF of the receiving system can be improved and the distance performance can be improved.

Embodiment 8 FIG. 8 is a block diagram of an FM-CW radar showing an eighth embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is an oscillator, 2 is a directional coupler, 3 is a transmitting antenna, 4 is a receiving antenna, and 6a and 6b. Is a first and second amplifier, 7 is a power divider, 8 is a filter, 9 is A /
D converter, 10 is a signal processing unit, 11 is an X multiplier, 18a
Reference numerals 18b and 18b respectively include an anti-parallel diode pair in which two diodes of opposite polarities are connected in parallel, and output a signal having a sum and difference frequency of the frequency of the signal wave and twice the frequency of the local oscillation wave. Of the even harmonic mixer, and 20 is a quadrupler.

Next, the operation will be described. In FIG. 8, the oscillator 1 has a built-in hyper-stair junction varactor diode and corresponds to a transmission signal (curve a in FIG. 11A) that irradiates a target (not shown in the figure) from the transmission antenna 3.
The frequency is F _RF ± ΔF, and F _RF is the high frequency component, ± ΔF
Is the modulation frequency component. Output a high frequency modulation signal having a frequency of 1 / (4 · X). The X multiplier 11 multiplies the output frequency of the oscillator 1 by X. The directional coupler 2 has X
A part of the output of the multiplier 11 is output as a local oscillation signal, and the rest is output as a transmission reference signal. The quadrupler 20 multiplies the frequency of the transmission reference signal by four and outputs the transmission signal. The transmission antenna 3 irradiates a target with a transmission signal. The receiving antenna 4 is
Upon receiving the reflected signal from the target, the received signal (Fig. 11 (a))
Corresponds to curve b. ) Is output. The power distributor 7 divides the local oscillation signal into two directions and outputs it. The first even harmonic mixer 18a outputs an intermediate frequency signal having a frequency that is the sum and difference of the double frequency of one output signal of the power distributor 7 and the frequency of the received signal. The first amplifier 6a amplifies this intermediate frequency signal. Second even harmonic mixer 18
b outputs a video signal (corresponding to the curve c in FIG. 11B) having a frequency that is the sum and difference of the double frequency of the other output signal of the power distributor 7 and the frequency of the intermediate frequency signal. The filter 8 filters the harmonic components of this video signal. The second amplifier 6b amplifies the video signal output from the filter 8. The A / D converter 9 digitally converts the video signal output from the second amplifier 6b. The signal processing unit 10 receives the digitized video signal and derives the target distance and relative velocity. As described above, the linearity can be improved by multiplying the output of the oscillator using the hyper-stair junction diode to obtain the transmission signal. Therefore, it becomes possible to prevent the video signal level from being lowered and the frequency band to be broadened, and the distance performance of the FM-CW radar is lowered,
It is possible to prevent deterioration of accuracy of distance and relative speed. Further, since the heterodyne detection method is configured by using only one oscillator and two even harmonic mixers, downsizing of the device,
This makes it possible to reduce the cost and power consumption, and to improve the mountability and mass productivity in automobiles and the like. Further, by using the even harmonic mixer, the NF of the receiving system can be improved and the distance performance can be improved.

[0034]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, a first oscillator incorporating a hyper-stair junction varactor diode, an X multiplier, and
Directional coupler, transmitting antenna, receiving antenna, second oscillator, power divider, first, second and third fundamental mixer, A / D converter, target distance and By including the signal processing unit for obtaining the relative speed, it is possible to improve the linearity of the modulation frequency, and it is possible to prevent deterioration of the distance performance of the FM-CW radar and deterioration of the accuracy of the distance and the relative speed.

According to the second aspect of the invention, the first oscillator incorporating the hyper-stair junction varactor diode, the X multiplier, the first directional coupler, the Y divider, and the frequency discriminator. A second oscillator, a comparator, an X multiplier, a second directional coupler, a transmitting antenna, a receiving antenna,
By providing the third oscillator, the power distributor, the first, second and third fundamental wave mixers, the A / D converter, and the signal processing unit that obtains the target distance and relative speed, It is possible to improve the linearity of the modulation frequency, and it is possible to prevent deterioration of range performance of the FM-CW radar and deterioration of accuracy of range and relative speed.

Further, according to the third invention, an oscillator having a built-in hyper-stair junction varactor diode, an X multiplier, a first directional coupler, an N multiplier and a second directional coupler. And an M multiplier, a transmitting antenna, a receiving antenna, first and second fundamental wave mixers, an A / D converter, and a signal processing unit for obtaining a target distance and relative speed. , The linearity of the modulation frequency can be improved, and F
It is possible to prevent the deterioration of the distance performance of the M-CW radar and the deterioration of the accuracy of the distance and the relative speed. Further, the simplification of the configuration enables downsizing of the device, cost reduction, and power consumption reduction, thereby improving mountability in an automobile and mass productivity.

According to the fourth aspect of the invention, an oscillator having a built-in hyper-stair junction varactor diode, an X multiplier, a directional coupler, a double multiplier, a transmitting antenna, a receiving antenna, and power distribution. And a first and second fundamental mixer,
Since the A / D converter and the signal processing unit for obtaining the target distance and the relative speed are provided, it is possible to improve the linearity of the modulation frequency, the deterioration of the distance performance of the FM-CW radar, the distance and the relative speed. It is possible to prevent the deterioration of accuracy. Further, the simplification of the configuration enables downsizing of the device, cost reduction, and power consumption reduction, thereby improving mountability in an automobile and mass productivity.

According to the fifth aspect of the invention, an oscillator having a built-in hyper-stair junction varactor diode, an X multiplier, a first directional coupler, an N multiplier and a second directional coupler. , An M multiplier, a transmitting antenna, a receiving antenna, and an anti-parallel diode pair in which two diodes of opposite polarities are connected in parallel are built in, and the sum and difference of the double frequency of the local wave and the frequency of the signal wave Improvement of the linearity of the modulation frequency by providing an even harmonic mixer that outputs a signal having a frequency of 1, a fundamental wave mixer, an A / D converter, and a signal processing unit that obtains a target distance and relative speed Therefore, it is possible to prevent deterioration of the range performance of the FM-CW radar and deterioration of the accuracy of range and relative speed. Further, the simplification of the configuration enables downsizing of the device, cost reduction, and power consumption reduction, thereby improving mountability in an automobile and mass productivity. Furthermore, by using the even harmonic mixer, the NF of the receiving system can be improved and the distance performance can be improved.

According to the sixth aspect of the invention, an oscillator having a built-in hyper-stair junction varactor diode, an X multiplier, a directional coupler, a triple multiplier, a transmitting antenna, a receiving antenna, and power distribution. Harmonic mixer that outputs a signal having the sum and difference frequency of the double frequency of the local oscillator wave and the frequency of the signal wave, which has a built-in anti-parallel diode pair in which two diodes of opposite polarity are connected in parallel By including the fundamental wave mixer, the A / D converter, and the signal processing unit that obtains the target distance and the relative speed, it is possible to improve the linearity of the modulation frequency, and the distance performance of the FM-CW radar is improved. Can be prevented, and the accuracy of distance and relative speed can be prevented from deteriorating. Further, the simplification of the configuration enables downsizing of the device, cost reduction, and power consumption reduction, thereby improving mountability in an automobile and mass productivity. Furthermore, by using the even harmonic mixer, the NF of the receiving system can be improved and the distance performance can be improved.

Further, according to the seventh invention, an oscillator having a built-in hyper-stair junction varactor diode, an X multiplier, a first directional coupler, an N multiplier and a second directional coupler. , An M multiplier, a transmitting antenna, a receiving antenna, and an anti-parallel diode pair in which two diodes of opposite polarities are connected in parallel are built in, and the sum and difference of the double frequency of the local wave and the frequency of the signal wave By providing the first and second even harmonic mixers that output a signal having a frequency of 1, the A / D converter, and the signal processing unit that obtains the target distance and the relative speed, the linearity of the modulation frequency can be reduced. Improvement is possible,
It is possible to prevent deterioration of the range performance of the FM-CW radar and deterioration of the accuracy of the range and the relative speed. In addition, the simplification of the configuration enables downsizing, cost reduction, and power consumption reduction of the device, and improves mountability in an automobile and mass productivity. Furthermore, by using the even harmonic mixer, the NF of the receiving system can be improved and the distance performance can be improved.

According to the eighth aspect of the invention, an oscillator having a built-in hyper-stair junction varactor diode, an X multiplier, a directional coupler, a quadruple multiplier, a transmitting antenna, a receiving antenna, and power distribution. And an antiparallel diode pair in which two diodes of opposite polarities are connected in parallel are built in, and a first and a first signal for outputting a signal having a sum and a difference between the frequency of the local oscillation wave and the frequency of the signal wave are output. By providing the second even harmonic mixer, the A / D converter, and the signal processing unit that obtains the target distance and the relative speed, the linearity of the modulation frequency can be improved, and the distance of the FM-CW radar can be improved. It is possible to prevent deterioration of performance and deterioration of accuracy of distance and relative speed. In addition, the simplification of the configuration enables downsizing, cost reduction, and power consumption reduction of the device, and improves mountability in an automobile and mass productivity. Furthermore, by using the even harmonic mixer, the NF of the receiving system can be improved and the distance performance can be improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing Embodiment 1 of an FM-CW radar according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a second embodiment of the FM-CW radar according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a third embodiment of the FM-CW radar according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a fourth embodiment of an FM-CW radar according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a fifth embodiment of an FM-CW radar according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a sixth embodiment of an FM-CW radar according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing Embodiment 7 of the FM-CW radar according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an eighth embodiment of the FM-CW radar according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of output noise levels of a fundamental wave mixer and an even harmonic mixer.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a conventional FM-CW radar.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an operating principle of an FM-CW radar.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a frequency modulation linearity of an FM-CW radar and a spectrum of a video signal.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 oscillator, 1a first oscillator, 1b second oscillator, 1c third oscillator, 2 directional coupler, 2a first directional coupler, 2b second directional coupler, 3 transmission antenna, 4 Receiving antenna, 5 fundamental wave mixer, 5
a first fundamental wave mixer, 5b second fundamental wave mixer,
5c Third fundamental mixer, 6a First amplifier, 6b
Second amplifier, 7 Power divider, 8 Filter, 9
A / D converter, 10 signal processing unit, 11 X multiplier, 1
2 Y divider, 13 frequency discriminator, 14 comparator, 15 N multiplier, 16 M multiplier, 17 2 multiplier, 18 even harmonic mixer, 18a first even harmonic mixer, 18b second even Harmonic mixer, 19 3 multiplier,
20 4 multiplier.

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A first oscillator which incorporates a hyper-stair junction varactor diode and outputs a high frequency modulated signal, and an X multiplier which multiplies the frequency of the high frequency modulated signal by X (X is a real number of 1 or more). A directional coupler that uses a part of the output of the X multiplier as a first local oscillation signal and the rest as a transmission signal, a transmission antenna that irradiates the transmission signal to a target, and a reception antenna that receives a reflection signal from the target. A second oscillator that outputs a second local oscillator signal having an intermediate frequency; a power distributor that divides the second local oscillator signal into two directions for output; an output signal of the receiving antenna; A first fundamental wave mixer that receives one output of the power distributor and performs frequency conversion, and an output signal of the first fundamental wave mixer and the first local oscillation signal that are frequency-converted to output an intermediate frequency signal Second fundamental wave mixer and the intermediate frequency A third fundamental mixer for converting the frequency of the wave signal and the other output of the power divider to output a video signal, an A / D converter for converting the video signal into a digital signal, a target distance and a relative distance. An FM-CW radar, comprising: a signal processing unit for obtaining a velocity. 2. A first oscillator that incorporates a hyper-staircase junction varactor diode and outputs a high frequency modulated signal, and a first direction that uses a part of the high frequency modulated signal as a linearized signal and the rest as a transmission reference signal. Sex coupler, a divider for dividing the linearized signal into 1 / Y (Y is a real number of 1 or more), a frequency discriminator for converting the output of the divider into a voltage value, a triangular wave voltage or A second oscillator that outputs a sawtooth voltage or the like, and a difference voltage between the output of the second oscillator and the output of the frequency discretion is detected, and the frequency control voltage of the first oscillator is corrected to correct the first oscillator. Frequency of the transmission reference signal is multiplied by X (X
Is a real number greater than or equal to 1), a second directional coupler in which a part of the output of the X multiplier is the first local oscillation signal and the rest is the transmission signal, and the transmission signal is the target. A transmitting antenna for irradiating a target, a receiving antenna for receiving a reflected signal from a target, a third oscillator for outputting a second local oscillator signal having an intermediate frequency, and a second local oscillator signal for dividing the second local oscillator signal into two directions. A power distributor for outputting the output signal, a first fundamental wave mixer for converting the frequency by receiving the output signal of the receiving antenna and one output of the power distributor, the output signal of the first fundamental wave mixer, and the first fundamental wave mixer. A second fundamental wave mixer which receives one local oscillation signal and frequency-converts it to output an intermediate frequency signal, and frequency-converts the frequency of the intermediate frequency signal and the other output of the power distributor to output a video signal. The third fundamental mixer and the video signal FM-CW radar to an A / D converter for Tal converting, by including a signal processing unit for obtaining the distance and the relative speed of the target, characterized. 3. An oscillator which incorporates a hyper-stair junction varactor diode and outputs a high frequency modulated signal, an X multiplier for multiplying the frequency of the high frequency modulated signal by X (X is a real number of 1 or more), and this X multiplier. A part of the output of the first local oscillator signal and the rest as the first transmission reference signal, and the frequency of the first transmission reference signal multiplied by N (N is 1 or more). Real number of N), a second directional coupler that uses a part of the output of this N multiplier as a second local oscillator signal, and the rest as a second transmission reference signal, and this second directional coupler. An M multiplier that multiplies the frequency of the transmission reference signal by M (M is a real number of 1 or more), outputs a transmission signal, a transmission antenna that irradiates the target with the transmission signal, and a reception antenna that receives a reflection signal from the target. , Frequency conversion by receiving the output signal of this receiving antenna and the second local oscillator signal Then, a first fundamental wave mixer that outputs an intermediate frequency signal, a frequency conversion from the frequency of the intermediate frequency signal and the frequency of the first local oscillation signal, a second fundamental wave mixer that outputs a video signal, An FM including an A / D converter for digitally converting the video signal, and a signal processing unit for obtaining a target distance and a relative speed.
-CW radar. 4. An oscillator which incorporates a hyper-stair junction varactor diode and outputs a high frequency modulation signal, an X multiplier for multiplying the frequency of the high frequency modulation signal by X (X is a real number of 1 or more), and this X multiplier. Directional coupler that uses a portion of its output as a local signal and the rest as a transmission reference signal, a doubler that doubles the transmission reference signal and outputs a transmission signal, and irradiates the transmission signal to a target. A transmitting antenna, a receiving antenna that receives a reflected signal from a target, a power distributor that outputs the local oscillation signal by dividing it in two directions, and one output of this power distributor and the output signal of the receiving antenna. A first fundamental wave mixer which receives and frequency-converts and outputs an intermediate frequency signal, and a second which frequency-converts the frequency of the intermediate frequency signal and the frequency of the other output signal of the power distributor to output a video signal The fundamental wave of FM-, which comprises a mixer, an A / D converter for digitally converting the video signal, and a signal processing unit for obtaining a target distance and relative velocity.
CW radar. 5. An oscillator which incorporates a hyper-stair junction varactor diode and outputs a high frequency modulation signal, an X multiplier for multiplying the frequency of the high frequency modulation signal by X (X is a real number of 1 or more), and this X multiplier. A part of the output of the first local oscillator signal and the rest as the first transmission reference signal, and the frequency of the first transmission reference signal multiplied by N (N is 1 or more). A real number of N), a second directional coupler using a part of the output of the N multiplier as a second local oscillator signal, and the rest as a second transmission reference signal, and the second An M multiplier that multiplies the frequency of the transmission reference signal by M (M is a real number of 1 or more), outputs a transmission signal, a transmission antenna that irradiates the target with the transmission signal, and a reception antenna that receives a reflection signal from the target. , Anti-parallel diode pair with two diodes of opposite polarity connected in parallel And an even harmonic mixer for outputting an intermediate frequency signal having a frequency of a sum and a difference between the double frequency of the first local oscillation signal and the frequency of the output signal of the receiving antenna, And a frequency of the second local oscillator signal, and a fundamental wave mixer for outputting a video signal, an A / D converter for digitally converting the video signal, and a signal for obtaining a target distance and relative speed An FM-CW radar comprising a processing unit. 6. An oscillator which incorporates a hyper-stair junction varactor diode and outputs a high frequency modulation signal, an X multiplier for multiplying the frequency of the high frequency modulation signal by X (X is a real number of 1 or more), and this X multiplier. Directional coupler that uses a part of the output of the above as a local oscillation signal and the rest as a transmission reference signal, a tripler that multiplies the transmission reference signal by 3 and outputs a transmission signal, and irradiates the transmission signal to a target. Built-in transmitting antenna, receiving antenna that receives the reflected signal from the target, power divider that splits and outputs the local oscillation signal in two directions, and anti-parallel diode pair in which two diodes of opposite polarities are connected in parallel And an even harmonic mixer that outputs an intermediate frequency signal having a frequency of a sum and a difference between the double frequency of one output of the power distributor and the frequency of the output signal of the receiving antenna,
A fundamental wave mixer for frequency-converting the frequency of the intermediate frequency signal and the frequency of the other output signal of the power divider to output a video signal, an A / D converter for digitally converting the video signal, and a target distance And a signal processing unit for obtaining a relative velocity, the FM-CW radar. 7. An oscillator which incorporates a hyper-stair junction varactor diode and outputs a high frequency modulated signal, an X multiplier for multiplying the frequency of the high frequency modulated signal by X (X is a real number of 1 or more), and this X multiplier. A part of the output of the first local oscillator signal and the rest as the first transmission reference signal, and the frequency of the first transmission reference signal multiplied by N (N is 1 or more). A real number of N), a second directional coupler using a part of the output of the N multiplier as a second local oscillator signal, and the rest as a second transmission reference signal, and the second An M multiplier that multiplies the frequency of the transmission reference signal by M (M is a real number of 1 or more), outputs a transmission signal, a transmission antenna that irradiates the target with the transmission signal, and a reception antenna that receives a reflection signal from the target. , Anti-parallel diode pair with two diodes of opposite polarity connected in parallel A first even harmonic mixer which has a built-in circuit and outputs an intermediate frequency signal having a frequency of a sum and a difference between the double frequency of the second local oscillator signal and the frequency of the output signal of the receiving antenna; A second even harmonic mixer which incorporates an anti-parallel diode pair and outputs a video signal having a sum and difference frequency of the double frequency of the first local oscillation signal and the frequency of the intermediate frequency signal; An FM-CW radar, comprising: an A / D converter for digitally converting a signal, and a signal processing unit for obtaining a target distance and a relative speed. 8. An oscillator which incorporates a hyper-stair junction varactor diode and outputs a high frequency modulated signal, an X multiplier for multiplying the frequency of the high frequency modulated signal by X (X is a real number of 1 or more), and this X multiplier. Directional coupler that uses a part of its output as a local signal and the rest as a transmission reference signal, a quadrupler that multiplies the transmission reference signal by 4 and outputs a transmission signal, and irradiates the transmission signal to a target. Built-in transmitting antenna, receiving antenna that receives the reflected signal from the target, power divider that splits and outputs the local oscillation signal in two directions, and anti-parallel diode pair in which two diodes of opposite polarities are connected in parallel Then, a first even harmonic mixer that outputs an intermediate frequency signal having a frequency of a sum and a difference between the double frequency of one output of the power divider and the frequency of the output signal of the receiving antenna, and the anti-parametric mixer A second even harmonic mixer which has a built-in Rel diode pair and which outputs a video signal having a sum and difference frequency of the double frequency of the other output of the power divider and the frequency of the intermediate frequency signal; An A / D converter for converting a video signal into a digital signal, and a signal processing unit for obtaining a target distance and a relative speed are provided.
M-CW radar.