JPH09235003A - Control method of cargo in refrigerator, and refrigerator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To construct a refrigerator at low cost, large in capacity, capable of efficiently carrying out depositing and delivering work, etc., and making it hard for cold air in the refrigerator to flow outside even at the time of these work. SOLUTION: Box pallets expected to deliver out of the box pallets P stored in a main storage part 4 in a stage accumulated state in the vertical direction are separately stored in an auxiliary storage part 5 by a crane device 3 in accordance with arrangement of transfer thereafter, they are sequentially delivered without delay at the time of delivery, the box pallets P are sequentially stored in the auxiliary storage part 5 without delay at the time of deposit, and the box pallets P stored in the auxiliary storage part 5 are sequentially stored in the main storage part 4 by the crane device 3 in the stage accumulated state in the vertical direction. By this invention, it is possible to continuously carry out work of the crane device 3, etc., of the auxiliary storage part 5 or the main storage part 4 without delay, and it is possible to speedily carry out deposit and delivery of the box pallets P.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a warehouse-type large refrigerator and the like, and more particularly to carrying out work such as loading and unloading of cargo such as box pallets or containers stored in a multi-tiered stack in a quick manner. It relates to feasible cargo management methods and refrigerators.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a large-sized refrigerator that is also used as a warehouse, fish and shellfish that have been landed and frozen are stored in a box pallet in a building kept at a low temperature. Incidentally, what is usually used for storing frozen products is called a freezer, but in the present specification, a building including this one and keeping the inside at a low temperature is called a refrigerator. In such a large refrigerator that also serves as a warehouse, the box pallet is stored in a guide frame that is a shelf-shaped frame member.
There are a type that emphasizes workability such as loading and unloading, and a type that emphasizes capacity. As shown in FIG. 7, the former guide frame 7 ″ is in the form of a shelf in which a bottom plate is provided for the frame member, and this is arranged in the building 2 ″ with an appropriate space for each row. . Therefore, for example, a forklift can be moved in the space to take out any of the box pallets P ″ stored on the shelves without changing the arrangement, and the box pallets P ″ can be directly stored on an empty shelf. It is excellent in workability such as carry-in and carry-out.

Further, the latter guide frame 7 ', as shown in FIG. 8, stores the box pallets P'in a frame member in a vertically stacked state. For this reason, the box pallets P'can be densely stored in the building 2'in the vertical and horizontal directions. When the building 2 "of the same scale is used, the box pallets P'can be stored more than the former guide frame 7". It can have a large capacity. The loading, unloading, and rearrangement of the box pallet P'are carried out from the upper part of the guide frame 7 ', and an overhead traveling crane device 3'is used as an example for this work.

However, the refrigerators 1'and 1'using the two types of guide frames 7'and 7 "have the following problems. First, in the case of the guide frame 7 ″ which emphasizes workability, the spaces in the building 2 cannot be effectively used because the appropriate spaces are arranged.

Further, in the case of the guide frame 7'which emphasizes the capacity, when the box pallet P'is carried in, carried out and rearranged, the working mode by the crane device 3'is to take out the desired box pallet P '. In this case, it is necessary to avoid the box pallets P ′ that have been stacked on top of it and move them to an empty storage space. It takes time. Furthermore, in order to dispose the crane device 3 ', it is necessary to provide a strong support structure M', which lowers the utilization efficiency of the internal space and increases the manufacturing cost. Since the crane device 3 ′ and its supporting structure M ′ are required to be robust because they are supported only at both ends of the traveling width, the construction cost is increased as a result, and the inside of the warehouse required for storing the original box pallet P ′ is required. There was also room for improvement in space utilization efficiency.

In order to solve such a problem, the present applicant has filed an application for Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 7-291409, "Method and apparatus for managing cargo in warehouse". This is placed so that the wheels of a crane device equipped with a storage space for cargo and a sliding device for moving the hoist can travel on a traveling rail provided on a guide frame, and a box pallet can be stored in the storage space. It can be stored. With such a configuration, the space inside the building can be effectively used, and the construction cost can be reduced by not requiring a support structure, and the time required for loading, unloading, and rearranging the box pallets can be reduced. It was possible to shorten the time and solve the above-mentioned problems. However, there is room for further improvement in the following points.

First, when a large number (several ten) of box pallets P are to be carried out, the forklift or crane device 3'will be guided by the guide frame 7'in any of the guide frames 7 ', 7 ". Since the 7 "and the carry-out port are reciprocated many times, the truck for transportation and the like have to stand by during this time, and the operator has a lot of time. In addition, since the cargo unloaded from the refrigeration truck is left at room temperature at the time of loading, the quality of the contents may deteriorate.

Further, the position of the empty space secured in the storage in order to avoid other box pallets P'located above the target box pallet P'is determined by the number and type of the stored box pallets P '. The location management is complicated because it changes every time it is loaded or unloaded.

Furthermore, in the refrigerators 1'and 1 '', cold air in the refrigerator flows out to the outside during loading and unloading operations, which may cause an increase in the temperature inside the refrigerator and increase the electricity bill. In addition, there is a growing demand for what is called a just-in-time service that synchronizes delivery with the customer's fixed time for transportation. Appearance is desired.

[0010]

With the background as described above, the present inventor can construct at low cost, has a large capacity, and can carry out work such as carry-in and carry-out efficiently. The technical issue is to develop a new refrigerator in which cold air inside the refrigerator does not easily flow to the outside.

[0011]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of managing cargo in a refrigerator, wherein a box pallet to be unloaded is selected from among the box pallets stored in a vertically stacked state in a main storage unit. It stores them individually in the sub-storage unit according to the setup of the subsequent transfer, and when they are carried out, they are sequentially carried out without delay, and when they are carried in, the box pallets are stored in the sub-storage unit without delay, and these sub-storage units are stored. It is characterized in that the box pallets stored in the above are sequentially stored in the main storage unit in a vertically stacked state by a crane device.
According to the present invention, a box pallet for loading and unloading is temporarily stored in the sub-storage unit, and from here it is loaded into the main storage unit or carried out to the outside, whereby work such as a crane device in the sub-storage unit or main storage unit is performed. Can be continuously carried out without delay, and the loading and unloading of the box pallet can be carried out quickly.

A refrigerator according to a second aspect of the present invention stores items to be stored in a box pallet, and the refrigerator stores the box pallet. The inside is divided into a main storage section and a sub-storage section, and the main storage section has a main storage section. Is equipped with a guide frame for storing the box pallets in a stacked state in the vertical direction, and a rack for individually storing the individual pallets so that the individual box pallets can be loaded and unloaded at any time in the sub-storage section. A crane mechanism for moving the box pallet for loading, unloading, and rearrangement over the main storage unit and the sub-storage unit is provided, and the box pallet is moved between the loading / unloading port and each rack storage unit. It is characterized by comprising a lift mechanism. According to the present invention, a box pallet for loading and unloading is temporarily stored in the sub-storage unit, and from here it is loaded into the main storage unit or carried out to the outside, whereby work such as a crane device in the sub-storage unit or main storage unit is performed. Can be continuously carried out without delay, and the loading and unloading of the box pallet can be carried out quickly. In addition, since the rack stores the box pallets without stacking them, it is not necessary to consider the storage order in the rack, and the box pallets for the person who will be carrying out the goods can be quickly delivered regardless of the order in which they are picked up. Can be shipped to. In addition, if the storage order in the rack is adjusted to the subsequent setup, it can be carried out more quickly.

Further, in addition to the above requirements, the refrigerator according to claim 3 is characterized in that a partition is provided at the boundary between the main storage section and the sub storage section. According to the present invention, the cold air in the main storage unit is prevented from flowing out during the work such as loading and unloading of the box pallet, and the temperature in the main storage unit is not affected. The above problems can be solved by using the constitution of the invention described in each of these claims.

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described based on the illustrated embodiments. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a refrigerator of the present invention, which has a building 2 as a storage space for a box pallet P, and a main storage unit 4 inside the building 2 is formed by a partition wall 6. It is divided into a sub storage unit 5 and a sub storage unit 5. The main storage unit 4 has a guide frame 7 for storing the box pallets P in a stacked state, and a crane device for moving between the main storage unit 4 and the sub-storage unit 5 above the main storage unit 4. 3 is included. Further, the sub-storage section 5 comprises a rack 8 for individually storing the box pallets P and a lift device 9. Hereinafter, each of these members will be described.

The building 2 is a refrigerator 1 in which steel materials are appropriately combined.
It is the outer wall portion of, and a heat insulating material H is stretched inside to keep the inside at a low temperature. As a cooling means inside the building 2, as an example, a coiled pipe T is provided on the ceiling.
Is provided, and a refrigerant is appropriately circulated from the compressor or the like according to a conventional method. Incidentally, the building 2 may be a structure such as a tent having a simple structure, as long as the inside atmosphere and the outside air are shielded from each other.

A partition 6 divides the interior of the building 2 into a main storage section 4 and a sub-storage section 5. The installation mode of the partition wall 6 can be selected as appropriate, but in the present embodiment, as shown by way of example in FIGS. 1 and 2, the length direction of the building 2 having a planar rectangular shape is divided into about 8: 2. Install in position. As for the material, it suffices that the atmosphere can be prevented from moving between the main storage unit 4 and the sub-storage unit 5, so an appropriate material such as a vinyl sheet, a fiber woven fabric, a metal plate, a synthetic resin plate, etc. is applied. can do. The height of the partition wall 6 is substantially the same as that of a guide frame 7 and a rack 8 which will be described later, and the crane device 3 provided above these is prevented from moving between the main storage unit 4 and the sub storage unit 5. Try not to.

The antechamber 1 is provided so as to be adjacent to the sub storage unit 5.
0 is provided, the sub-storage unit 5 and the front chamber 10 are provided with an opening 11 and are connected to each other, and a loading / unloading unit 12 is provided outside the front chamber 10 (on the right side in FIGS. 1 and 2). The antechamber 10 is a space for preventing cold air in the sub storage unit 5 from flowing out, and a curtain 13 is provided in the opening 11 and the loading / unloading unit 12.
Then, in the front room 10, from the sub-storage section 5 to the outside (the loading / unloading area 2
The conveyor 14 leading to 0) is provided.

Next, the guide frame 7 will be described. This is a rectangular parallelepiped accommodating member in which angle members of about 100 mm × 100 mm are combined. Box pallets P are stored in a stacked state inside such an angle member. In this example, the guide frame 7 has five box pallets P inside.
The structure can be stacked in rows × 22 rows × 10 stages.

Next, the rack 8 will be described. As shown in FIG. 3, this is a rectangular parallelepiped containing member in which a frame 82 to which an angle member of about 100 mm × 100 mm is applied is combined in a lattice shape. One rectangular parallelepiped formed by such a grid of angle members is referred to as a cell 81, and each cell 81 is provided with a live roller 83 which is an example of a transfer mechanism, and one box pallet P is placed there. Of. Of course, box pallet P smaller than cell 81
To handle multiple boxes pallets P in one cell 81
Can also be accommodated. The mode of installation of the cells 81 can be appropriately selected, but in the present embodiment, as an example, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, 1 row × 5 rows × 8 rows are provided on the main storage unit 4 side, and Front chamber 10 facing this
1 row × 5 rows × 8 rows are provided at the side position. In addition to the live roller 83, a trolley conveyor, a fork provided so as to move back and forth bidirectionally, or the like may be applied as the delivery mechanism. As an example of the rack 8 on the side of the antechamber 10, it is assumed that the cell pallet P is not stored in the cell 81 in the center and the second stage from the bottom, and the loading / unloading unit 1 is loaded from the cell 81.
The conveyor 14 is disposed over two steps.

A lift device 9 is provided between the rack 8 on the main storage section 4 side and the rack 8 on the sub storage section 5 side. In this structure, vertical rails 91 are provided on the left and right in the width direction (up and down in FIG. 3A) with respect to the frame 82 which is the outer shell member of the rack 8.
A horizontal rail 92 is provided so as to be slidable along. A lift 93 is provided on the horizontal rail 92 so as to be slidable in the longitudinal direction. The lift 93 is movable to any position on the plane to which the vertical rail 91 and the horizontal rail 92 belong,
The desired cell 81 can be accessed. The lift 93 is provided with a delivery mechanism, and as an example, this is provided with a live roller 94 that can be moved up and down in the vertical direction. As an example, a box pallet is projected from the upper surface of an angle 95 arranged on the upper surface of the lift 93. Hold P,
It is transported. Therefore, when the live roller 94 is located at the lower end, the box pallet P is held by the angle 95. As the delivery mechanism, in addition to the live roller 94, a trolley conveyor, a fork provided so as to advance and retract in both directions, or the like may be applied.

Next, the box pallet P will be described. The box pallet P is a container that stores, for example, seafood frozen after landing, and is, for example, a cubic container formed by combining steel materials. In addition to this, the top surface is openable,
It is possible to have an appropriate shape by using an appropriate material such as a material having a closed peripheral surface. However, in this case, the condition is that they can be stacked. An appropriate engaging structure is provided on the upper portion of the box pallet P, and this engaging structure engages with the chucking device 32 that is lowered by the hoisting machine 31 of the crane device 3 described later.

Next, the crane device 3 will be described. The crane device 3 is provided with a support structure M inside the building 2 as shown in FIG. 4, and extends along the support structure M in the longitudinal direction (see FIG.
(B) A rail 33 is provided so as to be movable in the center left and right, and a hoisting machine 31 that moves in the width direction (left and right in FIG. 4A) along the rail 33 is provided. A chucking device 32 included in 31 can be moved up and down to access any position in the storage in the three-dimensional direction.

The refrigerator 1 of the present invention has the above-described concrete structure, and the handling of the box pallet P stored in this refrigerator will be described below. (1) Carrying in a box pallet Carrying in a box pallet P containing frozen products such as seafood into the refrigerator 1 is carried out by a refrigerating car (truck) loaded with this product entering the unloading place 20. . Here, the operator unloads the box pallet P from the refrigerating vehicle, sequentially places it on the conveyor 14, and sends it to the sub storage unit 5 via the front chamber 10. The box pallet P reaching the sub storage unit 5 is accessed by a lift 93 moving along the vertical rails 91 and the horizontal rails 92, and a live roller 94 in the lift 93 moves up and drives the boxes. The pallet P is received, the live roller 94 is lowered, and the pallet P is held by the angle 95. Then, the vacant cells 81 are sequentially accessed, the live roller 94 is moved up there, and the box pallet P is sent out by driving the live roller 94.
Also on the side, the live roller 83 is driven to receive the box pallet P. By the way, since there are 79 cells 81 in the present embodiment, it is possible to store the box pallet P brought in from several refrigerating cars in the sub storage unit 5.

The box pallet P is transferred to and stored in the main storage unit 4 after being stored in the sub storage unit 5 in this way. As shown in FIG. 5A, the cells 8 in the rack 8 are
The box pallet P stored in No. 1 is transferred to the upper part of the rack 8 by the lift 93. Incidentally, this position may be always the same position, or may be a position where the lift 93 does not need to move along the horizontal rail 92. Next, in this state, the rail 33 in the crane device 3 moves in the longitudinal direction,
Further, the hoisting machine 31 moves in the width direction along the rails 33 and reaches above the box pallet P (standby position S).

Next, the hoisting machine 31 is replaced by the chucking device 32.
Is lowered. When the chucking device 32 contacts the box pallet P, the chucking device 32 engages with the box pallet P. Subsequently, the chucking device 32 is raised, the crane device 3 moves in the length direction, and further, the hoisting machine 31 holding the box pallet P moves in the width direction along the rail 33, and the box pallet P is stored. Reach above the planned location.

Then, the box pallet P is lowered to release the engagement by the chucking device 32. At this time, if necessary, a space is secured in advance by avoiding other box pallets P. By repeating such an operation, the box pallets P stored in the rack 8 are sequentially stored in the guide frame 7.

(2) Carrying out the box pallet Carrying out the carton pallet P from the refrigerator 1 is mainly performed by a refrigerating car (truck) entering the loading / unloading site 20 and standing by there. First, the rail 33 in the crane device 3 moves in the length direction, and further, the hoisting machine 31 moves in the width direction along the rail 33, and above the box pallet P to be carried out located in the guide frame 7. Reach

Next, the hoisting machine 31 is replaced by the chucking device 32.
, And the chucking device 32 abuts against the desired box pallet P and engages with it. Then chucking device 3
2 is lifted to suspend the box pallet P above the guide frame 7, and the rail 33 moves in the longitudinal direction from here,
Further, the hoisting machine 31 holding the box pallet P moves in the width direction along the rail 33, and the box pallet P reaches above the rack 8.

A lift 93 is previously provided on the rack 8.
Is placed, the chucking device 32 is lowered at this position, and the engagement by the chucking device 32 is released with the box pallet P placed on the angle 95 of the lift 93. From this state, the lift 93 moves along the vertical rails 91 and the horizontal rails 92 to access an appropriate cell 81, the live roller 94 in the lift 93 moves up, and by driving this, the box pallet P is sent out. On the cell 81 side, the box pallet P is received by driving the live roller 83. Incidentally, the location where the lift 93 is positioned may be the same at all times, or may be changed in the width direction depending on the position of the guide frame 7 in which the box pallet P is stored, if the moving distance of the crane device 3 is reduced. . By repeating such an operation, the box pallets P to be carried out are sequentially stored in the cell 81.

The above-mentioned transfer of the box pallet P from the main storage section 4 to the sub-storage section 5 can be performed most quickly and efficiently by carrying out the next sunrise storage work by performing it on the day before the scheduled delivery (delivery) date. In particular, it is preferable to use a spare time such as nighttime when the delivery work is not performed and the carry-in work is not performed. Of course, such an operation is preferably performed by automation so that it can be performed even when the employee is absent.

Then, when the refrigerating vehicle enters the loading / unloading site 20, the box pallet P in the sub-storage unit 5 is accessed by the lift 93 moving along the vertical rails 91 and the horizontal rails 92. After receiving the box pallet P from the cell 81, the lift 93 accesses the opening 11 and sends the box pallet P to the conveyor 14 there. The box pallet P is sent from the loading / unloading section 12 to the loading / unloading site 20 via the front chamber 10 by the conveyor 14. After that, the box pallets P to be loaded in the refrigerating car are continuously sent to the unloading site 20, and the series of operations are loaded without delay.

In the refrigerator 1 of the present invention, in addition to the above-mentioned loading / unloading operation, the box pallet P can be repositioned quickly. In this case, by operating the crane device 3 and the lifting device 9 as described above. The sub storage unit 5 is used as a temporary storage space for the box pallet P located above the target box pallet P.

[0033]

Other Embodiments In addition to the above-described embodiments, the following embodiments can be adopted based on the technical idea of the present invention. First, as the crane device 3, the one disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-291409, "Method and device for managing cargo in warehouse" is used. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6, on the traveling rail 171 provided on the upper surface of the guide frame 7, the cargo storage space 1
Since the wheels 133 of the crane device 113 having 31 and the sliding device 140 that moves the hoisting machine 150 are placed so as to travel, and the box pallet P can be stored in the storage space 131. is there. In this case, it is not necessary to provide the support structure M, the space in the building 2 can be effectively used, and the cost can be reduced by not providing the support structure M. Further, by combining with the freight management method in the refrigerator of the present invention. The time required for loading, unloading, and rearranging the box pallet P can be shortened.

Furthermore, the layout of the entire refrigerator 1 may be such that the front chamber 10 is not provided and the conveyor 14 reaches the sub storage unit 5. Further, the crane device 3, the lift device 9, and the conveyor 14 may be separately provided for loading and unloading.

In each of the above-described embodiments, the freight management method of the present invention is applied to the refrigerator 1. The point is that the articles contained in the box pallet P are stored in multiple stages and an arbitrary box pallet P is stored. If the warehouse needs to be taken out, various forms such as constant temperature and high humidity can be adopted.

Further, in each of the above embodiments, the frame for supporting the building 2 and the guide frame 7 are separately provided, but the frame is omitted and the guide frame 7 plays a role as a support member of the building 2. It is also possible to

[0037]

The present invention has the structure as described above, and has the following effects.
According to the first aspect of the invention, the box pallet P to be carried in and out is temporarily stored in the sub storage unit 5, and from here, the main storage unit 4
By carrying in or carrying out to the outside, the work of the crane device 3 or the like of the sub storage unit 5 or the main storage unit 4 can be continuously performed without delay, and the loading of the box pallet P,
It can be carried out quickly.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, carry-in,
The box pallet P to be carried out is temporarily stored in the sub storage unit 5 and then carried into or out of the main storage unit 4 to suspend the work of the crane device 3 or the like of the sub storage unit 5 or the main storage unit 4. It is possible to continuously carry out without carrying out, and to carry in and carry out the box pallet P quickly. Further, since the rack 8 stores the box pallets P without directly stacking them, it is not necessary to consider the storage order in the rack 8, and the box pallets P for the person who will be carrying out the box pallet P will not be taken into consideration regardless of the order in which the person who will carry the goods out is picked up. It can be shipped quickly.
Further, if the storage order in the rack 8 is adjusted to the subsequent setup, it can be carried out more quickly.

Furthermore, according to the third aspect of the present invention, the cold air in the main storage unit 5 is prevented from flowing out to the outside when the box pallet P is loaded and unloaded. Does not affect temperature.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical side view showing a refrigerator according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the same.

3A and 3B are a plan view and a vertical sectional side view showing the periphery of the sub storage unit in an enlarged manner.

FIG. 4 is a front view and a vertical sectional side view showing a main storage unit.

5A and 5B are a skeletal side view, a plan view, and a front view of a sub-storage unit showing a state of transferring a box pallet.

FIG. 6 is a front view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a front view showing a refrigerator using a guide frame of a type that has been conventionally used with an emphasis on workability such as loading and unloading.

FIG. 8 is a front view showing a refrigerator using a guide frame of a type which is conventionally used with emphasis on capacity.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Refrigerator 2 Building 3 Crane device 4 Main storage part 5 Sub-storage part 6 Partition 7 Guide frame 8 Rack 9 Lifting device 10 Anterior chamber 11 Opening 12 Loading / unloading part 13 Curtain 14 Conveyor 20 Loading / unloading field 31 Hoisting machine 32 Chucking Equipment 33 Rail 81 Cell 82 Frame 83 Live Roller 91 Vertical Rail 92 Horizontal Rail 93 Lift 94 Live Roller 95 Angle 113 Crane Equipment 131 Storage Space 133 Wheels 140 Sliding Device 150 Hoisting Machine 171 Traveling Rail M Support Structure P Box Pallet T Pipe H insulation

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. Among the box pallets stored in a stacked state in the main storage section in the vertical direction, the box pallets to be unloaded are individually stored in the sub storage section by a crane device in accordance with the subsequent transfer setup. When carrying out, these are carried out without delay, and at the time of loading, the box pallets are stored without delay in the sub-storage section, and the box pallets stored in these sub-storage sections are sequentially transferred to the main storage section in the vertical direction by the crane device. A method of managing freight in a refrigerator, characterized by storing in a stacked state. 2. A refrigerator in which stored items are stored in a box pallet and the box pallet is stored is divided into a main storage section and a sub storage section, and the box pallet is vertically arranged in the main storage section. It is equipped with a guide frame for storing it in a stacked state, and a rack for individually storing the individual pallets so that it can be loaded and unloaded at any time in the secondary storage unit. And a lift mechanism for moving the box pallet between the loading / unloading port and each rack storage unit. A refrigerator characterized by. 3. The refrigerator according to claim 2, wherein a partition is provided at a boundary between the main storage unit and the sub-storage unit.