JP2958620B2 - refrigerator - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a warehouse-type large refrigerator and the like, and more particularly to a method for quickly loading and unloading cargo such as box pallets or containers stacked and stored in multiple stages. The present invention relates to a refrigerator that can be used.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a large-sized refrigerator which is also used as a warehouse, seafood and the like frozen after landing are stored in a box pallet in a building kept at a low temperature. By the way, what is usually used for storing frozen goods is called a freezer, but in this specification, a building that keeps the inside at a low temperature including this one is called a refrigerator. In such a large refrigerator that also serves as a warehouse, the box pallet is stored in a guide frame that is a shelf-shaped frame member.
There are a type that emphasizes workability such as loading and unloading, and a type that emphasizes capacity. As shown in FIG. 7, the former guide frame 7 "is a shelf having a bottom plate provided for a frame member, and is arranged in a building 2" with an appropriate space in each row. . Therefore, for example, a forklift can be run in the space to take out any box pallets P ″ stored on the shelf without requiring rearrangement, and the box pallets P ″ can be stored directly on an empty shelf. Workability such as loading and unloading is excellent in that it can be performed.

As shown in FIG. 8, the latter guide frame 7 'stores box pallets P' in the frame member in a vertically stacked state. For this reason, the box pallets P 'can be stored densely in both the vertical and horizontal directions in the building 2', and when the same-sized building 2 "is used, the former is used as compared with the case where the guide frame 7" is used. Large capacity can be achieved. The loading, unloading, and rearrangement of the box pallets P 'are performed by taking them out of the upper part of the guide frame 7', and an overhead traveling crane 3 'is used as an example for this work.

However, the refrigerators 1 'and 1 "using the above two types of guide frames 7' and 7" have the following problems. First, in the case of the guide frames 7 ″ emphasizing workability, the guide frames 7 ″ are arranged with an appropriate space therebetween, so that the space in the building 2 cannot be used effectively.

In the case of the guide frame 7 'which emphasizes the capacity, when the box pallets P' are carried in, carried out and rearranged, the crane device 3 'operates in a manner to take out the target box pallets P'. It is necessary to move the box pallet P ', which has been stacked on it, to an empty storage space, and it is necessary for the crane device 3' to grip the target box pallet P 'to a certain extent. It takes time. In addition, it is necessary to provide a strong support structure M 'for disposing the crane device 3', which reduces the use efficiency of the internal space and increases the manufacturing cost. Since the crane device 3 'and its supporting structure M' are required to be robust because they are supported only at both ends of the traveling width, the construction cost is increased as a result, and the inside of the warehouse required for storing the original box pallets P 'is required. There was also room for improvement in space utilization efficiency.

In order to solve such a problem, the present applicant has filed an application for Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. Hei 7-291409, entitled "Method and Apparatus for Managing Cargo in Warehouse". This is mounted so that the wheels of a crane device equipped with a storage space for cargo and a sliding device for moving the hoist run on the traveling rail provided on the guide frame, and a box pallet is stored in the storage space. It can be stored. With such a configuration, the space inside the building is effectively used, and since no support structure is required, the construction cost can be reduced, and the time required for loading, unloading, and rearranging the box pallets can be reduced. Thus, the above problem can be solved. However, there is room for further improvement in the following points.

First, in the case where a large number (several tens) of box pallets P are carried out, the forklift or the crane device 3 'is connected to the guide frames 7', 7 'regardless of the guide frames 7', 7 ". In order to make a round trip between the 7 ″ and the carry-out port many times, the transport trucks and the like must stand by during this time, so that the operator has too much time. In addition, the cargo unloaded from the freezer truck at the time of loading is left at room temperature, which may cause deterioration in the quality of the contents.

The position of the empty space secured in the warehouse to avoid another box pallet P 'located above the target box pallet P' depends on the number and type of the stored box pallets P ', and furthermore, It fluctuates every time it is loaded and unloaded, complicating location management.

Further, in the refrigerators 1 'and 1 ", the cold air in the refrigerator flows out during the work of loading and unloading the refrigerator 1', 1", which may increase the temperature in the refrigerator and increase the electricity bill. In addition, recently, there is a growing demand for a so-called just-in-time service that adjusts delivery to a fixed time for transportation by customers. Appearance is desired.

[0010]

[Technical Problems Attempted to Be Developed] Under such circumstances, the present inventor can construct at low cost, has a large capacity, and can carry out operations such as loading and unloading efficiently. The technical task was to develop a new refrigerator in which the cold air in the refrigerator was less likely to flow out.

[0011]

Means for Solving the Problems] That refrigerator according to claim 1 is accommodated in custody in a box pallet, in refrigerator stores this box pallet, this compound, its interior <br/> main storage unit and made is divided into the sub-storage unit, also across the said main storage unit and the auxiliary storage unit, carrying a box pallet, unloading, a crane mechanism for moving for relocation comprises,
Furthermore, the main storage unit is provided with a guide frame for storing the box pallets in a vertically stacked state, and the sub-storage unit is individually provided so that individual box pallets can be loaded and unloaded at any time. The rack to be stored in the main storage section and the front
Rack on the main storage unit side
And a lift mechanism between the front room and the rack
This lift mechanism is installed in the desired rack storage section.
Access and delivery
By providing a locking mechanism, the loading / unloading section and each rack storage section
The box pallet can be moved between
It is characterized by having. According to the present invention, the box pallets to be loaded and unloaded are temporarily stored in the sub-storage section, and then loaded into the main storage section or taken out of the main storage section. Can be performed continuously without stagnation, and the loading and unloading of the box pallets can be performed quickly. Also, since the racks are stored without stacking the box pallets, it is not necessary to consider the order of storage in the racks. Can be carried out. Also, if the order of storage in the rack is adjusted to the subsequent setup, it is possible to carry out the product more quickly. The problem is solved by using the configuration of the invention described in the claims.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described based on the illustrated embodiments. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a refrigerator according to the present invention, in which the inside of a building 2 is used as a storage space for a box pallet P. And a sub-storage unit 5. The main storage unit 4 includes a guide frame 7 for storing the box pallets P in a stacked state, and a crane device that moves between the main storage unit 4 and the sub storage unit 5 above the main storage unit 4. It has three. The sub-storage unit 5 includes a rack 8 for individually storing the box pallets P and a lifting device 9. Hereinafter, each of these members will be described.

The building 2 is composed of a refrigerator 1 appropriately combining steel materials.
The heat insulating material H is stretched inside to keep the inside at a low temperature. As a cooling means inside the building 2, for example, a coiled pipe T
And a refrigerant is appropriately circulated from a compressor or the like according to a conventional method. Incidentally, the building 2 may be a structure such as a tent having a simple structure, since it is only necessary to shut off the internal atmosphere and the outside air.

The inside of the building 2 is partitioned into a main storage section 4 and a sub storage section 5 by a partition wall 6. The installation mode of the partition 6 can be appropriately selected. In the present embodiment, as an example, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the length direction of the planar rectangular building 2 is divided into about 8: 2. Install in position. In addition, since it is only necessary that the material can prevent the movement of the atmosphere between the main storage unit 4 and the sub-storage unit 5, appropriate materials such as a vinyl sheet, a textile fabric, a metal plate, and a synthetic resin plate are applied. can do. The height of the bulkhead 6 is substantially the same as that of a guide frame 7 and a rack 8 to be described later, and prevents the crane device 3 provided above these from going back and forth between the main storage unit 4 and the auxiliary storage unit 5. Not to be.

The front room 1 is located adjacent to the sub-storage unit 5.
0, an opening 11 is provided between the sub-storage unit 5 and the front room 10 to connect them, and a carry-in / out unit 12 is provided outside the front room 10 (the right side in FIGS. 1 and 2). The front room 10 is a space for preventing cool air in the sub-storage unit 5 from flowing out, and a curtain 13 is provided in the opening 11 and the carry-in / out unit 12.
In the front room 10, a conveyor 14 is provided from the sub storage unit 5 to the outside (unloading place 20).

Next, the guide frame 7 will be described. This is a rectangular parallelepiped housing member combining angle materials of about 100 mm × 100 mm. Inside such an angle material, the box pallets P are stored in a stacked state. In this example, the guide frame 7 has 5 box pallets P inside.
It is configured to be able to be stacked in rows × 22 rows × 10 rows.

Next, the rack 8 will be described. As shown in FIG. 3, this is a rectangular parallelepiped housing member in which a frame 82 to which an angle material of about 100 mm × 100 mm is applied is combined in a lattice shape. One rectangular parallelepiped formed by such a grid of angle materials is called a cell 81, and each cell 81 is provided with a live roller 83 which is an example of a transfer mechanism, and a single box pallet P is placed thereon. It is. Of course, box pallet P smaller than cell 81
Is handled, a plurality of box pallets P are stored in one cell 81.
Can also be accommodated. The mode of installation of the cell 81 can be appropriately selected. In the present embodiment, for example, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, 1 row × 5 rows × 8 steps are provided on the main storage unit 4 side. Front room 10 facing this
1 row × 5 rows × 8 steps are provided at the side position. As the transfer mechanism, in addition to the live roller 83, a trolley conveyor, a fork provided to be able to move back and forth in both directions, and the like may be applied. As an example of the rack 8 on the front room 10 side, it is assumed that the box pallet P is not stored in the cell 81 at the center and the second tier from the bottom.
2, the conveyor 14 is provided.

A lift device 9 is provided between the rack 8 on the main storage section 4 side and the rack 8 on the front room 10 side. In this embodiment, vertical rails 91 are provided on the left and right (up and down in FIG. 3A) in the width direction with respect to a frame 82 which is an outer member of the rack 8, and are slidable along the vertical rails 91. A rail 92 is provided. A lift 93 is provided on the horizontal rail 92 so as to be slidable in the longitudinal direction. The lift 93 can be moved to an arbitrary position in a plane to which the vertical rail 91 and the horizontal rail 92 belong, and can access a desired cell 81. The lift 93 is provided with a delivery mechanism, which is provided with a live roller 94 as an example so as to be able to move up and down in the vertical direction, and an angle 9 disposed on the upper surface of the lift 93.
The box pallet P is held and transported in a state of protruding from the upper surface of the box pallet 5. Therefore, when the live roller 94 is located at the lower end, the box pallet P is held by the angle 95. As the transfer mechanism, in addition to the live roller 94, a trolley conveyor, a fork provided to be able to move in and out in both directions, and the like may be applied.

Next, the box pallet P will be described. The box pallet P is a container that stores, for example, fish and shellfish that has been frozen after landing, and is a cubic container formed by combining steel materials, for example. In addition, in addition to this, the top is openable,
An appropriate shape can be made of an appropriate material such as a material whose peripheral surface is closed. However, in this case, it is a condition that they can be stacked. An appropriate engaging structure is provided on the upper portion of the box pallet P, and this structure is engaged with a chucking device 32 descending by a hoisting machine 31 of the crane device 3 described later.

Next, the crane device 3 will be described. The crane device 3 is provided with a support structure M inside the building 2 as shown in FIG.
(B) A rail 33 is provided so as to be movable in the middle and left and right directions, and a hoisting machine 31 that moves in the width direction (the left and right in FIG. 4A) along the rail 33 is provided. The chucking device 32 provided at 31 can be moved up and down to access any position in the three-dimensional direction in the refrigerator.

The refrigerator 1 of the present invention has the specific configuration as described above, and the handling of the box pallets P stored in the refrigerator 1 will be described below. (1) Carrying of Box Pallet Carrying of the box pallet P containing frozen products such as fish and shellfish into the refrigerator 1 is performed by a freezer truck (truck) loaded with the box pallet entering the unloading place 20. Here, the operator unloads the box pallets P from the freezer truck, sequentially places them on the conveyor 14 and sends them to the sub-storage unit 5 via the front room 10. The box pallet P that has reached the inside of the sub-storage unit 5 has a lift 93 that moves along the vertical rail 91 and the horizontal rail 92.
Access the live roller 9 in this lift 93
4 rises and drives it to receive the box pallet P, lower the live roller 94 and hold it by the angle 95. Then, access is made sequentially to the vacant cell 81, where the live roller 94 rises and the live roller 9
By driving 4, the box pallet P is sent out.
The cell pallet P is also received by driving the live roller 83 on the cell 81 side. Incidentally, since there are 79 cells 81 in the present embodiment, box pallets P brought from several freezer cars can be stored in the sub-storage section 5.

After the box pallet P is stored in the sub-storage section 5 in this manner, it is transferred to the main storage section 4 and stored therein. As shown in FIG. 5A, the cells 8 in the rack 8
The box pallet P stored in 1 is transferred to the upper part of the rack 8 by the lift 93. Incidentally, this position may be always the same position, or may be a position where the lift 93 does not need to move along the horizontal rail 92. Next, in this state, the rail 33 of the crane device 3 moves in the length direction,
Further, the hoisting machine 31 moves in the width direction along the rail 33 and reaches above the box pallet P.

Next, the hoisting machine 31 is operated by the chucking device 32.
Is lowered. When the chucking device 32 contacts the box pallet P, the chucking device 32 engages with the box pallet P. Subsequently, the chucking device 32 is raised, the crane device 3 moves in the length direction, and the hoisting machine 31 holding the box pallets P moves in the width direction along the rails 33 to store the box pallets P. Reach above the planned location.

Next, the box pallet P is lowered and the engagement by the chucking device 32 is released. At this time, if necessary, a space is secured in advance by avoiding other box pallets P. By repeating such operations, the box pallets P stored in the rack 8 are sequentially stored in the guide frame 7.

(2) Unloading of Box Pallet The operation of taking out the box pallet P from the refrigerator 1 is mainly performed in a state where a freezer truck (truck) enters the loading / unloading place 20 and stands by here. First, the rail 33 of the crane device 3 moves in the length direction, and further, the hoisting machine 31 moves in the width direction along the rail 33, so that the hoisting machine 31 is located in the guide frame 7 above the box pallet P to be carried out. Reach.

Next, the hoisting machine 31 is operated by the chucking device 32.
And the chucking device 32 contacts and engages with the desired box pallet P. Then chucking device 3
2, the box pallet P is suspended above the guide frame 7, from which the rail 33 moves in the length direction,
Further, the hoisting machine 31 holding the box pallet P moves in the width direction along the rail 33, and the box pallet P reaches above the rack 8.

A lift 93 is provided in the upper part of the rack 8 in advance.
The chucking device 32 is lowered at this position, and the engagement by the chucking device 32 is released with the box pallet P placed on the angle 95 of the lift 93. From this state, the lift 93 moves along the vertical rails 91 and the horizontal rails 92, accesses an appropriate cell 81, and raises the live roller 94 in the lift 93. By driving this, the box pallet P is sent out. Yes, the cell pallet P is also received by driving the live roller 83 on the cell 81 side. Incidentally, the place where the lift 93 is located may always be the same, or if the moving distance of the crane device 3 is reduced, it may be changed in the width direction depending on the position of the guide frame 7 in which the box pallet P is stored. . Such operations are repeated, and the box pallets P to be carried out are sequentially stored in the cell 81.

The transfer of the above-mentioned box pallet P from the main storage unit 4 to the sub-storage unit 5 is performed on the day before the scheduled delivery (unloading) date so that the next sunrise storage operation can be performed most quickly and efficiently. In particular, it is preferable to use a vacant time, such as at night, when no unloading work is performed and no further loading work is performed. Of course, such an operation is preferably performed by automation so that the operation can be performed even when an employee is away.

Next, when the freezer truck enters the loading / unloading place 20, the box pallet P in the sub-storage unit 5 is accessed by the lift 93 moving along the vertical rail 91 and the horizontal rail 92. The lift 93 is moved from the cell 81 to the box pallet P
, The user accesses the opening 11, where the box pallet P is sent out to the conveyor 14. The box pallets P are sent from the loading / unloading section 12 to the loading / unloading place 20 via the front room 10 by the conveyor 14. Thereafter, the box pallets P to be loaded in the freezer truck are continuously sent out to the loading / unloading place 20, and loading is performed without stagnation in a series of operations.

The refrigerator 1 of the present invention can quickly carry out the rearrangement of the box pallet P in addition to the above-mentioned loading / unloading operation. In this case, the operation of the crane device 3 and the lifting device 9 as described above is performed. The sub-storage unit 5 is used as a temporary storage area for the box pallets P located above the target box pallets P.

[0031]

Other Embodiments In addition to the above-described embodiments, the following embodiments can be further adopted based on the technical idea of the present invention. First, as the crane device 3, the one disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 7-291409 "Method of managing cargo in a warehouse and its device" is used. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6, the cargo storage space 1 is placed on a traveling rail 171 provided on the upper surface of the guide frame 7.
Since the wheels 133 of the crane device 113 including the base 31 and the sliding device 140 for moving the hoisting machine 150 are mounted so as to travel and the box pallet P can be stored in the storage space 131. is there. In this case, there is no need to provide the support structure M, the space in the building 2 is effectively used, and the cost can be reduced by not providing the support structure M. Further, the present invention can be combined with the cargo management method in the refrigerator of the present invention. The time required for loading, unloading, and rearranging the box pallets P can be reduced.

Furthermore, the layout of the refrigerator 1 as a whole may be such that the conveyor 14 reaches the inside of the sub-storage unit 5 without providing the front room 10. Further, the crane device 3, the lift device 9, and the conveyor 14 may be provided separately for loading and unloading.

In each of the above-described embodiments, the cargo management method of the present invention is applied to the refrigerator 1. The point is that articles stored in the box pallets P are stored in multiple stages, and an arbitrary box pallet P is stored. If it is a warehouse that needs to be taken out, various forms such as a constant temperature and high humidity chamber can be adopted.

Further, in each of the above embodiments, the frame supporting the building 2 and the guide frame 7 are provided separately, but the frame is omitted and the guide frame 7 plays a role as a support member of the building 2. It is also possible to use

[0035]

The present invention has the above-described configuration, and has the following effects.
According to the first aspect of the present invention, the box pallets P to be loaded and unloaded are temporarily stored in the sub-storage unit 5, and the main storage unit 4 is stored therein.
By carrying in or out, the work of the crane device 3 or the like of the sub-storage unit 5 or the main storage unit 4 can be performed continuously without stagnation,
It can be carried out quickly. Further, since the rack 8 stores the box pallets P without directly stacking them, it is not necessary to consider the order of storage in the rack 8, and the box pallets P intended for the person to be carried out can be stored regardless of the order in which the persons to be carried out take it. It can be carried out quickly. In addition, if the order of storage in the rack 8 is adjusted to the subsequent setup, the unloading can be performed more quickly.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional side view showing a refrigerator of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the same.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged plan view and a vertical sectional side view showing the vicinity of the auxiliary storage unit.

FIG. 4 is a front view and a vertical sectional side view showing a main storage unit.

FIG. 5 is a skeleton side view, a plan view, and a front view of a sub-storage section showing a state of transfer of a box pallet.

FIG. 6 is a front view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a front view showing a conventional refrigerator using a guide frame of a type that emphasizes workability such as loading and unloading.

FIG. 8 is a front view showing a conventional refrigerator using a guide frame of a type emphasizing capacity.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Refrigerator 2 Building 3 Crane apparatus 4 Main storage part 5 Secondary storage part 6 Partition wall 7 Guide frame 8 Rack 9 Lifting device 10 Front room 11 Opening 12 Loading / unloading part 13 Curtain 14 Conveyor 20 Loading / unloading place 31 Hoisting machine 32 Chucking device 33 rail 81 cell 82 frame 83 live roller 91 vertical rail 92 horizontal rail 93 lift 94 live roller 95 angle 113 crane device 131 storage space 133 wheel 140 sliding device 150 hoisting machine 171 running rail M support structure P box pallet T pipe H Insulation

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] [Claim 1] houses the article in custody in a box pallet, in the refrigerator to store the box pallet, this thing is, among the
Part is made is divided into a main storage unit and the auxiliary storage unit, also across the said main storage unit and the auxiliary storage unit, carrying a box pallet, unloading, a crane mechanism for moving for rearrangement comprises further The main storage unit is provided with a guide frame for storing the box pallets in a vertically stacked state, and the sub-storage unit is individually loaded and unloaded so that individual box pallets can be loaded and unloaded at any time. Place the rack to be stored on the main storage
And both the front room side and the main storage unit side
A lift mechanism is provided between the rack and the rack in the front room.
The lift mechanism is designed to accommodate a desired rack size.
With a configuration that can access the storage section,
Equipped with a transfer mechanism to store the loading / unloading unit and each rack
That can move the box pallet between
A refrigerator characterized in that: