JPH09229332A - Incinerator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an incinerator that allows minimizing heat dissipation from the sidewall of the incinerator and improving the combustion efficiency in a combustion chamber. SOLUTION: The circumferential wall of a combustion chamber 1 is formed by sidewall plates 3 and the periphery of the sidewall plates 3 is surrounded by heat-shield plates 4. The inner faces of the heat-shield plates 4 are mirror- finished to form heat reflection faces and prevent the heat-shield plates 4 from getting hot. An inner basket 6 provided in the combustion chamber 1 is kept out of contact with the inner bottom wall and inner sidwall faces of the combustion chamber 1, so that air comes in contact with an object to be incinerated in the basket 6 from around, resulting in an improvement in combustion efficiency.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an incinerator,
In particular, the present invention relates to a simple incinerator used in ordinary households.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional simple incinerator of this type, a combustion chamber is constituted by a bottom wall plate and a side wall plate made of iron plate, respectively, and a chimney is mounted on an upper portion of the combustion chamber. In this type of incinerator, most of the heat of combustion is discharged upward through the chimney. However, during combustion, the wall of the combustion chamber is heated, and a high temperature is applied from the wall (particularly, the side wall plate) to the surroundings. Radiant heat is released.

[0003] Some conventional simple incinerators include a guard member for preventing a person or an object from coming into direct contact with the outside of a wall surface (particularly, a side wall plate) of a combustion chamber which becomes hot during combustion. Some are provided. As the guard member, for example, a mesh plate or a fence is used.

In this type of conventional simple incinerator, the combustion chamber is composed of a bottom wall plate and a side wall plate, and the incineration material is directly charged on the bottom wall plate in the combustion chamber and burned there. Like that.

[0005]

By the way, in the above-mentioned conventional incinerator, the air around its side is heated by radiant heat from the side wall plate of the combustion chamber. As you approach the furnace, you will be exposed to intense heat. Therefore, particularly in summer when the temperature is high, the task of incinerating garbage with this kind of simple incinerator becomes a pain. Further, if the side wall plate of the combustion chamber is left bare, there is a possibility that a person or an object may carelessly come into contact with the side wall plate, and there is a risk of burns, scorch or fire. A guard member provided outside the combustion chamber side wall plate is useful for preventing contact with the side wall plate. However, since high-temperature radiant heat is radiated from the combustion chamber side wall plate into the surrounding outside air, the height of the person is reduced. The air is heated up to about the height. Therefore, there is a problem that even when the incinerator is provided with the guard member, a considerable amount of hot air is felt when approaching the incinerator.

Further, in the conventional simple incinerator, the incinerated material is directly charged on the bottom wall plate of the combustion chamber and is burned there, so that the incinerated material near the bottom wall surface or the inner side surface of the combustion chamber is new. There is a problem that the air hardly comes into contact, the incineration time is prolonged, and a portion remaining in an unincinerated state may be generated.

The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned problems of the conventional incinerator, and has been made to reduce the amount of hot air discharged into the outside air from the side wall of the incinerator as much as possible, and to improve the combustion efficiency in the combustion chamber. It is an object of the present invention to provide an incinerator that can be used.

[0008]

The present invention has the following structure as means for solving the above-mentioned problems.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the incinerator according to the first aspect of the present invention surrounds the outside of an annular side wall plate forming a combustion chamber with an annular heat shield plate and has a predetermined distance between the side wall plate and the heat shield plate. The air layer is formed. The air layer between the side wall plate and the heat shield plate is formed over the entire circumference between the two plates at an interval of, for example, about 3 to 10 cm. It is preferable that the air layer between the side peripheral plate and the heat shield plate has an upper side opened upward.

The heat shield plate is mirror-finished on its inner surface to form a heat reflecting surface. As the heat shield plate, a metal plate such as an aluminum plate or a stainless steel plate, which can be easily mirror-finished, is preferable.

[0011] The incinerator according to the second aspect of the present invention is provided with an inner basket capable of accommodating incinerated materials in the combustion chamber. The inner basket is spaced from the bottom wall surface and the inner side surface of the combustion chamber by a predetermined distance (for example, 3 to 5 cm).
It is installed in a position that is separated by only (degree).

In the incinerator according to the invention of the present application, an incineration material inlet (with a lid) is formed in the upper part of the combustion chamber, and an air inlet is formed in a lower part of the combustion chamber.

[0013] In the incinerator according to each invention of the present application, the incinerated material is charged into the inner car in the combustion chamber from the charging port, and the incinerated material is burned in the inner cage. At this time, spaces (air layers) are formed at predetermined intervals between the inner car bottom surface and the combustion chamber bottom wall surface and between the inner car outer surface and the combustion chamber side surface. Is introduced, so that fresh air comes into contact with the incineration material in the inner basket from all around. Further, when the incinerated material is burned in the combustion chamber, the heat heats the side peripheral plate of the combustion chamber to radiate radiant heat outward from the side peripheral plate. There is an air layer surrounded by, and the air layer exhibits a heat insulating effect.
Further, since the inner surface of the heat shield plate is mirror-finished to be a heat reflection surface, the heat shield plate acts to reflect radiant heat released to the air layer between the side peripheral plate and the heat shield plate inward.

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 will be described. In the incinerator of this embodiment, a simple incinerator, for example, used in ordinary households is employed.

In the incinerator of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3,
The combustion chamber 1 is constituted by the bottom wall 2 and the side peripheral plate 3, the outside of the combustion chamber 1 is surrounded by a heat shield plate 4, and the outside of the heat shield plate 4 is covered by a guard plate 5. . Further, inside the combustion chamber 1, an inner basket 6 for storing incineration material is provided.

An iron plate is used for the side peripheral plate 3 forming the combustion chamber 1. The side peripheral plate 3 is formed by integrally forming a cylindrical lower plate 31 and a conical upper plate 32 without gaps. At the upper end of the upper plate 32 of the side peripheral plate 3,
A chimney 7 of an appropriate length is continuously provided. The incinerator has an outer diameter of, for example, about 70 to 100 cm and a chimney 7.
Is about 110-160 cm.
Although the length of the chimney 7 can be set as appropriate, the height of the chimney of the incinerator to the chimney upper end is about 3 m in the figure.

The bottom wall 2 of the combustion chamber 1 is made of a heat-resistant material such as a refractory brick. The upper surface of this bottom wall 2
It is inclined downward toward the center, making it easier for incinerated ash to collect in the center. The bottom wall 2 is a bottom plate 2
It is supported by a. In addition, a total of 4
Two casters 9 are mounted.

The heat shield plate 4 is a cylindrical lower plate 41 that covers the outside of the lower plate 31 of the side peripheral plate 3, and an upper plate 3 of the side peripheral plate 3.
And a conical upper plate 42 that covers the outside of the second. A gap 43 is formed between the lower plate 41 and the upper plate 42 of the heat shield plate 4 at a small interval (for example, an interval of about 2 to 3 cm). Note that in other embodiments, the gap 43 may not be provided.

The heat shield plate 4 (the lower plate 41 and the upper plate 42)
The side peripheral plate 3 (the lower plate 31 and the upper plate 32) is arranged concentrically, and the distance between the side peripheral plate 3 and the heat shield plate 4 is, for example, 3 to 10.
An annular air layer 40 is formed at intervals of about cm. The upper end between the side peripheral plate 3 and the heat shield plate 4 is open upward as indicated by reference numeral 44.

The heat shield plate 4 (particularly, the lower plate 4 of the heat shield plate 4)
The inner surface of 1) is mirror-finished. in this way,
In order to perform mirror finishing, it is preferable to use a metal plate such as an aluminum plate or a stainless steel plate as a material of the heat shield plate 4. The reason why the inner surface of the heat shield plate 4 is mirror-finished is that radiant heat emitted outward from the side peripheral plate 3 of the combustion chamber 1 during combustion is reflected inward, and the heat is absorbed by the heat shield plate 4. This is because it is difficult to be performed.

The guard plate 5, like the heat shield plate 4, has a cylindrical lower plate 51 and a conical upper plate 52, and a small gap 53 between the lower plate 51 and the upper plate 52. Is provided. The guard plate 5 is coated on the outside of the heat shield plate 4 at a small interval (for example, about 2 to 3 cm), and forms an air layer 50 between the guard plate 5 and the heat shield plate 4. Also, guard plate 5
Of the chimney 7 is covered by a predetermined length at a small interval, and the guard plate upper end 52a is opened upward (reference numeral 54).
A cap 52b is covered above the opening 54. The lower plate 51 of the guard plate 5 has a number of ventilation holes 55,
55 are formed.

The inner car 6 in the combustion chamber 1 has a bottom receiving portion 61 and a side peripheral portion 62 erected on the outer peripheral portion thereof. Bottom support 6
1 is formed by assembling a large number of fine rebars at intervals of, for example, about 1 to 2 cm. The bottom receiving portion 61 may be formed by assembling a large number of fine reinforcing bars in a lattice shape. or,
The side peripheral portion 62 includes a plurality of fine rebars,
It is formed by being annularly assembled at intervals of about 0 cm.
The outer diameter of the side peripheral portion 62 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the lower plate 31 of the side peripheral plate 3, and the upper portion of each thin reinforcing bar of the side peripheral portion 62 is bent outward, and The upper ends of the thin reinforcing bars are respectively in contact with the inner surfaces of the upper ends of the lower plates 31 of the side peripheral plates 3.
In this way, the incinerated material thrown in from the later-described inlet 10 is reliably stored in the inner car 6. Basket 6 in this
Is a small-length (for example, about 3 to 5 cm) leg 6
3, 63 support on the bottom wall 2 of the combustion chamber. Therefore,
In the inner car 6, the lower surface of the bottom receiving portion 61 is from the upper surface of the bottom wall 2 of the combustion chamber 1, and the outer surface of the side peripheral portion 62 is from the inner surface of the side peripheral plate 3.
They are installed in a state of being separated from each other by a small space (for example, 3 to 5 cm) (a state having the space 30).

The incinerator has an incineration material inlet 10 formed in the upper half of the slope. The inlet 10 is provided with a lid 11, and the lid is opened downward as indicated by reference numeral 11 ′ to open the inlet 10. Incidentally, the lid 7 may be mounted sideways. Further, an air inlet 12 for introducing air into the combustion chamber 1 is formed at a position near the lower part of the incinerator. In addition, this air intake 1
2 can also be used as a spark port. Bottom wall 2 of combustion chamber 1
An ash receiver 13 for accommodating the burned ash is provided at the part so as to be able to be taken in and out freely.

Further, in this incinerator, a baffle plate 8 for meandering the combustion gas generated in the combustion chamber 1 is provided at a position closer to the upper part of the combustion chamber 1. In this embodiment, the baffle plate 8 has a heavily shaped cap-shaped plate 81 located on the lower side and a perforated dish-shaped plate 82 located on the upper side thereof. When the baffle plate 8 is provided near the upper portion of the combustion chamber 1 as described above, when the incinerated material burns in the combustion chamber 1, the combustion gas first collides with the lower surface of the cap-shaped plate 81 as indicated by an arrow Ga. Then, as shown by the arrow Gb, the gas flows from the outer periphery of the cap-shaped plate 81 to the upper portion thereof, and then flows toward the chimney 7 through the hole 83 at the center of the dish-shaped plate 82 as shown by the arrow Gc. become. As described above, when the combustion gas generated in the combustion chamber 1 is caused to flow to the chimney 7 side while meandering, the soot component contained in the combustion gas can be separated and removed, and the soot component can be removed. The combustion gas with less heat can be discharged from the upper end of the chimney 7 into the outside air.

A net 71 for preventing large ash from passing therethrough is provided at the proximal end of the chimney 7. or,
At the upper end exit of the chimney 7, a shade 72 for preventing rainwater from entering is provided.

In the illustrated incinerator, the inner cage 6 in the combustion chamber 1
The incineration material is burned in the incinerator. However, since the spaces 30, 30 are formed between the inner basket 6 and the inner wall surface (bottom surface and side peripheral surface) of the combustion chamber 1, the incineration material in the inner basket 6 is surrounded by the incineration material. Therefore, new air comes into contact with it, and the combustion efficiency is improved.
Further, when the incinerated matter is burned in the combustion chamber 1, the side peripheral plate 3 is heated, and radiant heat is emitted outward from the outer surface of the side peripheral plate 3. Air layer 4 surrounded by plate 4
0, the air layer 40 becomes a heat insulating layer and the heat shield plate 4
To reduce heat transfer to the body. Further, since the inner surface of the heat shield plate 4 is mirror-finished, the heat radiated outward from the side peripheral plate 3 is reflected by the mirror-finished portion, so that the heat shield plate 4 is less likely to absorb heat. Become. Therefore, the heat shield plate 4 itself does not become so hot. In this embodiment, the heat shield plate 4
The guard plate 5 is provided outside through the air layer 50,
The guard plate 5 serving as the outer surface of the incinerator is hardly heated, and the air around the side of the incinerator is hardly heated. The air heated in the air layer 40 between the side peripheral plate 3 and the heat shield plate 4 rises during the interval and is discharged into the outside air from the opening 54 located at a considerably high position. Since the hot air discharged from the opening 54 has a property of rising in the outside air, the air up to the height around the height of a person is hardly heated by the heat from the incinerator.

When the incinerated material burns in the combustion chamber 1, soot-containing combustion gas is generated. The combustion gas flows to the chimney 7 side while being meandered by the baffle plate 8. The soot component in the combustion gas is separated and removed, and only the clean combustion gas is released from the chimney 7 into the outside air. The ash incinerated in the inner basket 6 falls on the bottom wall 2 of the combustion chamber from the gap of the bottom receiving portion 61 and is further stored in the ash receiver 13. Then, when a large amount of ash is accumulated in the ash receiver 13, the ash receiver 13 may be pulled out and the ash inside may be discarded.

[0028]

The incinerator of the present invention has the following effects.

(1) Since the outside of the side peripheral plate 3 forming the combustion chamber 1 is surrounded by the annular heat shield plate 4 via the air layer 40,
During combustion in the combustion chamber 1, the air layer 40 serves as a heat insulating layer, so that heat transfer to the heat shield plate 4 can be reduced. Further, since the inner surface of the heat shield plate 4 is mirror-finished to be a heat reflecting surface, radiant heat from the outer surface of the side peripheral plate 3 can be reflected inward by the inner surface of the heat shield plate 4. 4 can absorb heat. Therefore, the heat shield plate 4 is not heated so much by these actions, and it is safe for a person or an object to touch the heat shield plate 4, and the air around the side of the incinerator is not heated. The location environment is good.
Note that most of the heat generated in the combustion chamber 1 is released above the incinerator, and the heat released above heats the outside air up to the height of a person. There is no.

(3) Since the inner car 6 is accommodated in the combustion chamber 1 and the inner car 6 is set apart from the inner wall surface of the combustion chamber 1, the incineration material incinerated in the inner car 6 New air can be brought into contact with the entire circumference of the fuel cell, whereby the combustion efficiency can be improved. That is, it is possible to shorten the incineration time and eliminate unburned residue.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of an incinerator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line III-III of FIG. 1;

[Explanation of symbols]

1 is a combustion chamber, 2 is a bottom wall, 3 is a side peripheral plate, 4 is a heat shield plate, 5 is a guard plate, 6 is an inner basket, 7 is a chimney, 8 is a baffle plate, 10 is an inlet, and 12 is an air intake. The entrance, 30 is a space, and 40 is an air layer.

Claims (2)

[Claims] An annular side wall plate (3) forming a peripheral wall portion of a combustion chamber (1), and an annular heat shield plate (4) surrounding an outer periphery of the side wall plate (3), wherein the side wall plate is provided. While forming an air layer (40) at a predetermined interval between (3) and the heat shield plate (4),
An incinerator characterized in that the inner surface of the heat shield plate (4) is mirror-finished to form a heat reflecting surface. 2. The internal car (6) according to claim 1, further comprising an inner car (6) capable of storing incineration material in the combustion chamber (1).
The incinerator characterized by being installed at predetermined intervals from the bottom wall surface and the inner wall surface of the combustion chamber (1).