JPH09226636A - Trailer - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make the minimum turning radius further smaller for more small turning ability by supporting a wheel part on a chassis to be rotationally movable around a vertical axis and providing a rotationally movable positioning mechanism with a hydraulic cylinder jointed to a hydraulic circuit consisting of a main circuit and a preliminary circuit. SOLUTION: For a trailer, the rear of a chassis is supported by a wheel part 5. The wheel part 5 has a pair of axles 6, 6 and dual wheels 7 provided on the right and left sides thereof. The front and rear axles 6 are connected together via a pair of beams 9, both of which are connected together via a shaft 10. The wheel part 5 is supported on the chassis 2 by a supporting mechanism 20 containing ring upper and lower seats 23 to be rotationally movable around a vertical axis P and positioned in place by a rotationally movable positioning mechanism 30 to rotationally move the lower seat via an arm 31 with the operation of a hydraulic cylinder 32 jointed to a hydraulic circuit consisting of a main circuit and a preliminary circuit to be switched from the main circuit during malfunction.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a trailer in which a front side of a chassis is connected to a tractor and a rear side of the chassis is supported by a wheel portion.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional trailer, for example, as shown in FIG. 15, the front side of a chassis 2 of a trailer 1 is supported by a tractor 3 via a coupler 4 so as to be rotatable about a vertical axis. The rear side is supported by a wheel portion 5 fixed to the chassis 2. The wheel unit 5 includes a pair of wheel shafts 6 and 6 provided in front and rear in parallel, and a wheel 7 rotatably provided to the left and right of each wheel shaft 6 and 6.

[0003]

By the way, in a combined vehicle in which a trailer is connected, there is an advantage that the minimum turning radius is smaller than that of a single vehicle having the same length because there is a coupler 4 in the combined vehicle. However, since the trailer-coupled vehicle is a relatively long vehicle, there are places where the vehicle cannot turn completely depending on road conditions such as a relatively narrow road, and there is a demand to further reduce the minimum turning radius.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and even if the farthest axial distance L (FIG. 1) between the front wheel shaft of the tractor and the rear wheel shaft of the trailer is the same as the conventional one. , The dimensional difference (so-called widening E) between the outermost turning radius RA of the connected vehicle (the turning radius of the wheel of the front wheel shaft of the tractor) and the innermost turning radius RB (the turning radius of the wheel of the rear wheel shaft of the trailer). It is an object of the present invention to provide a trailer which is small in size and has a minimum turning radius, and has a small turning radius.

[0005]

According to the technical means of the present invention for solving the above problems, the front side of the chassis is supported by the tractor via a coupler so as to be rotatable about a vertical axis of the chassis. In a trailer whose rear side is supported by a wheel portion, the wheel portion is rotatably supported around a vertical axis with respect to the chassis, and is provided with a rotation positioning mechanism for rotating the wheel portion and positioning the wheel portion at an appropriate position. , A hydraulic cylinder having one end rotatably coupled to the chassis and the other end rotatably coupled to the wheel portion side, and the piston of the hydraulic cylinder is expanded and contracted to rotate the wheel portion. And a main circuit that is always used and a spare circuit that is a spare of the main circuit.

If necessary, an abnormality detecting means for detecting an abnormality in the main circuit and a switching means for switching from the main circuit to the spare circuit when the abnormality detecting means detects an abnormality are provided. Further, if necessary, a lock mechanism is provided to lock the wheel portion in the rotational neutral position so that the wheel portion can be unlocked. In this case, lock detection means for detecting whether the lock mechanism is locked or unlocked, and when the lock detection means is unlocked, the operation of the hydraulic circuit is allowed. It is effective to have the operation permitting means.

If necessary, an angle detecting means for detecting the angle of the wheel portion with respect to the chassis and an angle displaying means for displaying the angle detected by the angle detecting means are provided. Further, if necessary, a tank for storing oil, which is provided in each of the main circuit and the backup circuit of the hydraulic circuit,
A hydraulic pump for supplying the oil in the tank to the hydraulic cylinder and a pump unit in which a drive motor for driving the hydraulic pump are integrated are provided. In this case, it is effective to provide tank connecting pipes that are connected between the tanks of the pump units provided in the main circuit and the auxiliary circuit of the hydraulic circuit and that keep the oil level of the tank constant.

Further, if necessary, the oil flow from the hydraulic cylinder to the backup circuit is cut off when the main circuit is effective, and the oil flow from the hydraulic cylinder to the main circuit is cut off when the backup circuit is active. Equipped with a check valve block,
The check valve block is integrated with the hydraulic cylinder. Also, if necessary, a vehicle speed sensor that detects the vehicle speed and an abnormal signal transmission that transmits an abnormal signal when the vehicle speed detected by the vehicle speed sensor is above a predetermined value when the lock by the lock mechanism is released. Means and an abnormality notifying means for notifying an abnormality by the abnormality signal from the abnormality signal transmitting means.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION A trailer according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 6, similarly to the above, in the trailer 1, the front side of the chassis 2 is supported rotatably around the vertical axis with respect to the tractor 3 via the coupler 4, and the rear side of the chassis 2 is the wheel. Part 5
Supported by As shown in FIGS. 2 to 6, the wheel portion 5 includes a pair of wheel shafts 6 and 6 provided in front and rear in parallel,
Two wheels 7 provided on the left and right of the wheel shafts 6 and 6, respectively.
And a pair of beams 9 respectively provided on the left and right to connect the front and rear wheel shafts 6 via a beam box 8, a connecting shaft 10 in the vehicle width direction for connecting the pair of left and right beams 9, and the connection. A trunnion bracket 11 that supports the shaft 10 with respect to the chassis 2 is provided. In FIG. 6, 12 is a beam 9 and a connecting shaft 10.
It is a bearing member interposed between and. In such a trailer 1, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 7, 20 is a support mechanism for rotatably supporting the wheel portion 5 around the vertical axis P with respect to the chassis 2, and 30 is the wheel portion 5 for turning. A rotation positioning mechanism that allows it to be positioned at an appropriate position and a lock mechanism 40 that unlocks the wheel portion 5 at the rotation neutral position so as to be unlocked.

The support mechanism 20 is provided through a ring-shaped and disk-shaped lower receiving seat 21 to which the trunnion bracket 11 of the wheel portion 5 is attached, and a mounting member 22 which faces the lower receiving seat 21 and is located below the chassis 2. The ring-shaped and disk-shaped upper seat 23 and the thrust bearing 24 interposed between the lower seat 21 and the upper seat 23 are provided. The outer ring 25 of the thrust bearing 24 is fixed to the lower seat 21 by bolts or the like, and the inner ring 26 of the thrust bearing 24 is fixed to the upper seat 23 by bolts or the like.

The rotary positioning mechanism 30 is shown in FIGS.
As shown in FIGS. 7 and 11, a pair of arms 31 extending in the rear portion of the lower seat 21 and arranged side by side in the vertical direction, one end rotatably connected to the chassis 2 and the other end of the pair of arms. 31
A hydraulic cylinder 32 having a piston 32a that is rotatably connected to the hydraulic cylinder 32 and the piston 3 of the hydraulic cylinder 32.
And a hydraulic circuit 33 for expanding and contracting 2a to rotate the lower seat 21 via the arm 31. The hydraulic cylinder 32 is provided so that the wheel portion 5 is located at the pivotal neutral position shown in FIG. 1 (normally, the axial cutting angle of the trailer 1 is zero) at the neutral position of the piston 32a.

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 9, the hydraulic circuit 33 comprises a main circuit 33A which is always used and a spare circuit 33B which is a spare of the main circuit 33A. The main circuit 33A and the standby circuit 33B have the same configuration, and the constituent elements thereof will be described with the same reference numerals. In the main circuit 33A and the standby circuit 33B, 35
Is a three-position switching solenoid valve, and is a pump unit 3 described later.
4 is an extension position S1 that allows the oil supplied to the hydraulic cylinder 32 to be extended to extend the hydraulic cylinder 32, and an oil reduction position S2 that allows the oil to be supplied to reduce the hydraulic cylinder 32. And the stop position S3 at which the supply of oil is stopped and the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder 32 is stopped.

The pump unit 34 is provided in each of the main circuit 33A and the standby circuit 33B of the hydraulic circuit 33, and includes a tank 34a for storing oil, a hydraulic pump 34b for supplying the oil of the tank 34a to the hydraulic cylinder 32, and a hydraulic pump 34b. An electric drive motor 34c for driving is integrally provided. Reference numeral 36 is a drive relay having a switch function for the drive motor 34c, and includes an exciting contact 36a and an exciting contact 36.
A switch contact 36b that is turned on by exciting a is integrally provided. Since the pump unit 34 is integrated as described above, the pump unit 34 becomes compact, and the piping is not exposed to that extent, so that a situation such as disconnection of the piping is prevented. Further, a tank connecting pipe 38 for keeping the oil level of the tank 34a constant is connected between the tanks 34a of the pump units 34 provided in the main circuit 33A and the auxiliary circuit 33B of the hydraulic circuit 33, respectively.

As shown in FIGS. 7, 9 and 11, 37
Shuts off the flow of oil from the hydraulic cylinder 32 to the backup circuit 33B when the main circuit 33A is active,
Is a check valve block that blocks the flow of oil from the hydraulic cylinder 32 to the main circuit 33A when is effective, and is provided integrally with the hydraulic cylinder 32. As shown in FIG. 11D, the check valve block 37 has a front port 32 f and a rear port 32 f of the hydraulic cylinder 32.
a pair of main circuit connection ports 3 connected to b and connected to a pair of pipelines from the three-position switching solenoid valve 35 of the main circuit 33A.
7a and a main circuit communication line 37b, and a front port 32f and a rear port 32b of the hydraulic cylinder 32.
And a pair of spare circuit connecting ports 37c to which a pair of pipelines from the three-position switching solenoid valve 35 of the spare circuit 33B are connected and a spare circuit communicating pipeline 37d. A check valve 3 that opens when oil flows to the hydraulic cylinder 32 side in each of the pair of main circuit communication conduits 37b and that opens by the pilot pressure in the other main circuit communication conduit 37b.
7e is interposed. On the other hand, the pair of backup circuit communication conduits 37d open when oil flows to the hydraulic cylinder 32 side, and the other backup circuit communication conduits 37d mutually open.
A check valve 37f that is opened by the pilot pressure is installed. Since the check valve block 37 is integrated with the hydraulic cylinder 32 in this manner, the pipe is not exposed to that extent, and a situation such as disconnection of the pipe is prevented.

As shown in FIGS. 2, 5, 7, and 9, the lock mechanism 40 includes a lock pin 41 that is vertically movable under the chassis 2 and a mounting member 4 attached to the chassis 2.
A guide tube 43 which is fixed via 2 and slidably guides the lock pin 41, and a fitting insertion hole 44a into which the lock pin 41 provided in the arm 31 and moved downward at the rotation neutral position of the wheel portion 5 is fitted. And a drive unit 45 for vertically moving the lock pin 41. The drive unit 45 is rotatably provided on a support body 43a outside the guide tube 43, and one end of which is pivotally supported by the lock pin 41 to pivotally move the lock pin 41 up and down, and a lower portion of the chassis 2. Fixed to the piston 48a, which expands when driven and contracts with spring force when released.
An air cylinder 48 having a rod 49 for connecting the piston 48 a of the air cylinder 48 and the other end of the link 47.
It is composed of

Reference numeral 46 denotes a two-position switching solenoid valve, which is an extension allowable position M1 for allowing air to be supplied from a compressor (not shown) to the air cylinder 48 for the expansion of the air cylinder 48, and an air expansion position. Stop position M to stop supply
It switches to 2 positions. Then, when the air cylinder 48 is driven, the lock pin 41 is moved upward via the rod 49 and the link 47 to unlock the wheel portion 5, while when the air cylinder 48 is released, the lock pin 41 is moved via the rod 49 and the link 47. 41 is moved downward and the wheel portion 5
Lock in the pivoting neutral position.

Reference numeral 50 is a control device for electrically controlling the hydraulic circuit 33, the lock mechanism 40, etc., as shown in FIGS. In the control device 50, 51 is a battery as a power source and 52 is various connector contacts (C1 to C1).
7, Ca, Cb), and 53 is a control panel provided in the driver's seat. As shown in FIGS. 8 and 12A and 12B, in the control panel 53, 54 is a power switch, and 55 is an automatic reset type that operates the hydraulic circuit 33 of the rotary positioning mechanism 30 to rotate the wheel portion 5. Rotation switch, 56 is a lock switch for locking and unlocking the lock mechanism 40, 57 is an emergency switch for activating only the preliminary circuit 33B of the hydraulic circuit 33 of the rotary positioning mechanism 30,
Reference numeral 58a denotes a power lamp which is turned on via the connector 52 (C15) when the power is turned on, and 58b is a lock which is turned on via the connector 52 (C5) and the upper switch 82 described later when the lock mechanism 40 is locked. Lamp, 58
c is a lock release lamp which is turned on via the connector 52 (C12) and a lower switch 83 described later when the lock of the lock mechanism 40 is released, and 58d and 58e are hydraulic circuits 33.
It is a failure lamp and a warning buzzer that are lit when the main circuit 33A of 3) fails.

Further, in the control device 50, the battery 5
As shown in FIG. 9, the positive contact of
Switch contact 36b of drive relay 36 via (Ca)
The negative contact of the battery 51 is connected to the other of the exciting contacts 36a of the drive relay 36 via the connector 52 (Cb) and the drive motor 34c.
Is connected to the other of the switch contacts 36b of the drive relay 36 via. As shown in FIG. 9, the input circuit 60A for rotating the drive motor 34c of the main circuit 33A is operated by rotating the power switch 54, the connector 52 (C8), one of the switch contacts 36b of the drive relay 36, and the rotary switch 55 left and right. An operation relay (right) 61 which is energized via the connector 52 (C2) and an operation relay (left) 62 which is energized via the connector 52 (C3), a diode (right) 63 and a diode (left) 64, It is connected to the excitation contact 65a of the safety relay 65. When the excitation contact 65a of the safety relay 65 is turned on, the battery 51
One of the switch contacts 36b of the drive relay 36 connected to (plus), a normally closed contact of a normally closed relay 76, which will be described later,
The circuit that reaches the exciting contact 36a of the drive relay 36 through the switch contact 65b of the safety relay 65 is enabled, and the exciting contact 36a of the drive relay 36 is turned on. Three
4c drives. The three-position switching solenoid valve 35 is connected to a circuit that is energized and operated by the left and right rotation of the rotary switch 55, and the three-position switching solenoid valve 35 is switched from the stop position S3 by switching the left and right of the rotary switch 55. It is set to either the extension allowable position S1 or the reduction allowable position S2.

On the other hand, the drive motor 34c of the spare circuit 33B
As shown in FIG. 9, the input circuit 60B for rotating the main circuit 33A is also configured to be substantially the same as that of the main circuit 33A. One of the switch contacts 36b of the relay 36 and the operation relay (right) 61, which is energized via the connector 52 (C13) by the left and right ON operation of the emergency switch 57, and the operation relay (left) via the connector 52 (C14). ) 62, diode (right) 63, diode (left) 64, and excitation relay 65 a of the safety relay 65. When the excitation contact 65a of the safety relay 65 is turned on, one of the switch contacts 36b of the drive relay 36 connected to the battery 51 (plus) and the excitation contact 3 of the drive relay 36 via the switch contact 65b of the safety relay
The circuit up to 6a becomes effective, which allows the drive relay 3
Since the excitation contact 36a of No. 6 is turned on, the switch contact 36b is turned on and the drive motor 34c is driven. The three-position switching solenoid valve 35 is connected to a circuit that is energized and operated by the left and right operations of the emergency switch 57.

In FIG. 9, reference numeral 70 denotes a pressure switch as an abnormality detecting means for detecting an abnormality in the main circuit 33A, which constantly keeps the pressure in the pipeline from the hydraulic pump 34b of the main circuit 33A to the three-position switching solenoid valve 35. It is detected, and when it exceeds a predetermined pressure (for example, 25 Kg / cm ² ), it is turned off, when it is below the predetermined pressure, it is turned on, and when it is turned on, it is abnormal. Reference numeral 71 is a switching circuit as switching means for switching from the main circuit 33A to the standby circuit 33B when the pressure switch 70 as the abnormality detecting means detects an abnormality. The switching circuit 71 includes a rotary switch 55.
A timer relay 72 having a timer 72a that is energized by left and right rotations and an exciting contact 72b that is excited when a set time of the timer 72a comes. The set time of the timer 72a is, for example, 0.5 to
Set to 1 second.

The switching circuit 71 includes a switching relay 73,
Excitation contact 7 of each switching relay 73, 74 provided with two 74
A circuit reaching the pressure switch 70 via a switch contact 72c of a timer relay 72 is connected to one of 3a and 74a, and excitation contacts 73a and 74 of the respective switching relays 73 and 74 are connected.
The other side of a is connected to the circuit from the diodes 63 and 64 of the main circuit 33A. On the other hand, the switching relays 73 and 74
The switch contacts 73b and 74b of the main circuit 33A include the operation relay 61 and the operation relay 62 of the main circuit 33A to the operation relay 61 and the operation relay 62 of the auxiliary circuit 33B and the auxiliary circuit 33A.
It is interposed in the circuit leading to the position switching solenoid valve 35, and is turned on by the left and right rotations of the emergency switch 57 of the standby circuit 33B by the ON operation of the switch contacts 73b and 74b of the switching relays 73 and 74. Enable each circuit. That is, the excitation contact 72b of the timer relay 72
When the pressure switch 70 is turned on due to the arrival of the set time, the switch contact 72c of the timer relay 72 is turned on, whereby the exciting contacts 73a and 74a of the switching relays 73 and 74 are turned on, and the switching relay 73, Since the switch contacts 73b and 74b of 74 are turned on, the rotary switch 55 is irrespective of the left and right operation of the emergency switch 57.
The left and right rotation of the drive motor 34c of the spare circuit 33B
The three-position switching solenoid valve 35 is energized and operated. 75 is a failure lamp 58d and a warning buzzer 58e
Is a warning relay for enabling the switching relay 73,
It is operated in conjunction with the operation of 74. Reference numeral 76 denotes a normally-closed relay, which is operated in conjunction with the operation of the switching relays 73 and 74 to disconnect the input circuit 60A and drive the drive motor 34.
The rotation of c is stopped and the main circuit 33A is stopped.

Reference numeral 80 denotes an air cylinder 48 of the lock mechanism 40.
The circuit for activating the two-position switching solenoid valve 46 of FIG.
2 position switching solenoid valve 46 to stop position M2 via (C9)
When the lock switch 56 is locked off, the two-position switching solenoid valve 46 is set to the extension allowable position M1 via the connector 52 (C1). Reference numeral 81 denotes lock detecting means for detecting whether the lock mechanism 40 is locked or unlocked, and is turned on when the lock pin 41 is moved downward (when locked) and turned off when it is moved upward (when unlocked). An upper switch 82 and a lower switch 83 that is turned off when the lock pin 41 is moved downward (when locked) and turned on when moved upward (when unlocked) are configured. Reference numeral 84 is an operation permitting circuit as an operation permitting means for permitting the operation of the hydraulic circuit 33 when it is detected that the lock detecting means is unlocked, and one end thereof is the lower switch 8 described above.
3 and the other end is connected to the 3-position switching solenoid valve 35 of the main circuit 33A and the standby circuit 33B, and only when the lower switch 83 is on (when unlocked), the 3-position switching solenoid valve 35. Is allowed.

Reference numeral 90 is an angle detecting means for detecting the angle of the wheel portion 5 with respect to the chassis. 10 and 13 (a)
As shown in (b), in the angle detecting means 90, a limit switch 92 for performing switching by the cam follower 91 moving back and forth is arranged around the upper seat 22 in an appropriate angular relationship, and the limit switch 92 is mounted on the lower seat 21. A cam 93 for pushing the cam follower 91 of 92 is provided, and when the cam 93 pushes the cam follower 91 of the limit switch 92, the angle is detected by detecting the push button. The limit switch 92 is, for example, positioned at a neutral position, left and right 0.5 °, and left and right 8 °, and is turned on when the wheel unit 5 rotates at each angle. Reference numeral 94 is an angle display panel as an angle display means for displaying the angle detected by the angle detection means 90. The angle display panel 94 includes lamps 95 of different colors which are turned on via the connector 52 (C16) when the limit switches 92 are turned on (the green lamp is in the neutral position, the orange lamp is 0.5 ° left and right, and the red lamp is red). Shows 8 ° to the left and right). Each limit switch 92
Are connected to the respective lamps 95 of different colors via the connectors 52 (C4, C6, C7, C10, C11).

In FIGS. 1 and 7, 100 is a vehicle speed sensor for detecting the vehicle speed, 101 is the vehicle speed sensor 100 when the lock mechanism 40 is unlocked.
The vehicle speed detected by the
When it is equal to or more than h), an abnormal signal transmitting means for transmitting an abnormal signal, and 102 is a buzzer as an abnormality notifying means for notifying an abnormality by the abnormal signal from the abnormal signal transmitting means 101.

Next, the operation of the trailer 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described. First, the basic operation will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the tractor 3 is connected via a coupler 4 to travel. In this combined vehicle, during normal running, the hydraulic cylinder 32 of the rotary positioning mechanism 30 is set to the neutral position to position the wheel portion 5 at the rotary neutral position, and the air cylinder 48 of the lock mechanism 40 is released from the drive. 41 is moved downward and the wheel unit 5 is locked at this rotational neutral position. As a result, not only the straight running but also the turning operation similar to the conventional one can be performed. In this case, since the wheel portion 5 is locked at the rotation neutral position by the lock mechanism 40, the rotation of the wheel portion 5 can be surely stopped, and therefore the normal traveling can be surely performed. It can be done and safety is ensured.

Further, when turning a place where the wheel portion 5 cannot turn at the turning neutral position, for example, where the road cannot be turned depending on road conditions such as a relatively narrow road, the following operation is performed. . First, the lock mechanism 40
The air cylinder 48 of the drive unit 45 of the
Also, the lock pin 41 is moved upward via the link 47 to unlock the wheel portion 5. Next, while turning the handle of the trailer 1, the rotary switch 55 of the rotary positioning mechanism 30 is arranged so that the wheel portion 5 rotates in the same direction as the cutting direction.
The three-position switching solenoid valve 35 to the extension allowable position S1 or the contraction allowable position S2, and oil is supplied from the hydraulic pump 34b to the hydraulic cylinder 32 to extend or contract the hydraulic cylinder 32. . As a result, a rotational force is applied to the arm 31, the lower seat 21 of the support mechanism 20 rotates with respect to the upper seat 23 via the thrust bearing 24, and the wheel portion 5 rotates in a desired direction. .
Then, at an appropriate rotational position of the wheel portion 5, the three-position switching solenoid valve 3 is operated by the rotary switch 55 of the rotary positioning mechanism 30.
5 is positioned at the stop position S3 to stop the supply of oil from the hydraulic pump 34b to the hydraulic cylinder 32 to stop the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder 32. Thereby, the wheel unit 5
Is stopped at its rotational position.

In this case, since the support mechanism 20 is constructed by interposing the thrust bearing 24 between the lower seat 21 and the upper seat 23, the wheel portion 5 is rotated while receiving a load from the thrust bearing 24. It is done smoothly. Further, since the rotary positioning mechanism 30 is operated by the hydraulic cylinder 32, it is easy to increase the rotational force and it is easy to oppose the load acting on the trailer 1. In this case, since the wheel portion 5 rotates, the mobility of the combined vehicle is improved, the area occupied by the road surface is reduced, and the entire combined vehicle turns. That is, since the trailer 1 has one more joint point at the wheel portion 5, as shown in FIG. 15, the outermost turning radius RA of the combined vehicle (the turning radius R1 of the wheel of the front wheel shaft of the tractor 3) and the The dimensional difference (so-called widening E) from the inner turning radius RB (the turning radius R3 of the wheel of the rear wheel shaft 6 of the trailer 1) becomes small, so that the minimum turning radius becomes even smaller, and a small turn becomes possible.

Next, in the above basic operation, the case where the wheel portion 5 is rotated according to the control flow of the control device 50 shown in FIG. 14 will be described in more detail. First, the power is turned on (1-1). In this case, the power lamp 58a
Is turned on (1-2), and the wheel portion 5 is in the neutral position and is locked by the lock mechanism 40, so the lamp for indicating the neutral position of the angle display panel 94 is turned on (1-3), The lock clamp 58b, which indicates that the lock is being performed, lights up (1-3).

In this state, first, the lock switch 56 unlocks the lock mechanism 40 (1-4). As a result, the air cylinder 48 is driven (1-5), and the lock detector 81 detects that the lock is released (1-6). That is, since the lower switch 83 is turned on, the operation of the three-position switching solenoid valve 35 is permitted and the lock release lamp 58c is turned on (1-7). Next, the rotary switch 55 is rotated in the required direction (1-
8). As a result, the input circuit 60A of the main circuit 33A becomes effective, the drive motor 34c of the pump unit 34 of the main circuit 33A rotates (1-9), and the three-position switching solenoid valve 35 operates (1-11). , The hydraulic cylinder 32 performs the above operation (1-13, 1-14, 1-1
5). When stopping the rotation, the rotary switch 55 can be released and the original position is restored.
Is stopped, and the wheel portion 5 is positioned at the rotating position. By turning on the rotary switch 55,
The excitation switch of the timer relay 72 is turned on when the set time comes, but when the main circuit 33A functions normally, the pressure switch 70 is turned off, so the switch contact of the timer relay 72 is not turned on, and the switching circuit 7
1 does not work (1-12 YES). Also, in this case,
Even if the rotation switch 55 is operated without unlocking the lock mechanism 40 by the lock switch 56, the operation of the three-position switching solenoid valve 35 by the operation allowing circuit 84 is not allowed (1-10). Therefore, the hydraulic cylinder 32 does not operate. Therefore, operational safety is ensured.

Further, in this case, the vehicle speed sensor 100 detects the vehicle speed (2-1, 2-2, 2-3), and the detected vehicle speed is equal to or higher than a predetermined value (for example, 25 km / h or more per hour).
When (2-2 YES), the buzzer 102 sounds (2-4). Therefore, the operator is informed that the turning is not performed at a low speed, and a safe and reliable operation for taking a response such as slowing down the speed can be invoked. This is because it is desirable that the steering function be performed during low speed traveling. Furthermore, when the wheel portion 5 is rotated, the angle detection means 90 detects the angle of the wheel portion 5 with respect to the chassis, and this is the angle display panel 94.
Is displayed on the lamp (1-16). Therefore, the direction and the amount of rotation of the wheel portion 5 can be visually recognized, and the direction of the tire can be known, so that the operability of the steering can be improved. Also, when the tire is returned to its original position, it becomes difficult to accidentally turn the steering wheel in reverse, which also improves operability.

Further, in this case, the pressure switch 70 as the abnormality detecting means always detects the pressure in the pipeline of the main circuit 33A (1-12), and in the unlikely event that pipe disconnection or equipment failure occurs. The pressure in the pipe decreases, and the pressure reaches a certain level (eg 25K).
When it becomes g / cm ² ) or less, the pressure switch 70 is turned on and an abnormality is detected (1-12 NO). When the pressure switch 70 detects an abnormality, since the excitation switch of the timer relay 72 is turned on due to the arrival of the set time (1-17), the switch contact of the timer relay 72 is turned on. Therefore, the switching circuit The switching relays 73, 74 of 71 and the warning relay 75 are turned on, whereby the drive motor 34c and the three-position switching solenoid valve 35 of the standby circuit 33B are energized and operated (3-2, 3-). 3, 3-4), and as a result, the left and right rotation of the rotary switch 55 causes the standby circuit 33B to
The rotation control of the wheel unit 5 is continuously performed (3-5, 3).
1-14, 1-15, 1-16). Further, in this case, since the normally closed relay 76 is opened in conjunction with the operation of the switching relays 73 and 74, the input circuit 60A is disconnected, the rotation of the drive motor 34c is stopped, and the main circuit 33A is stopped. (1-19, 1-20). Therefore, the main circuit 33
Since the operation can be continued even if there is an abnormality in A, a situation in which the vehicle is stuck during turning can be prevented, and the vehicle can be reliably controlled. Further, since the failure lamp 58d lights up and the warning buzzer 58e sounds (1-1
8) The abnormality of the main circuit 33A can be recognized, and it becomes possible to deal with the subsequent repair or the like.

In this case, switching from the main circuit 33A to the backup circuit 33B tends to cause excess and deficiency of the oil supplied to the main circuit 33A and the backup circuit 33B and the return oil. Since a tank connection pipe 38 that keeps the oil level of the tank 34a constant is connected between the tanks 34a of the pump units 34 provided in the main circuit 33A and the standby circuit 33B, respectively, oil can flow back and forth between the tanks 34a. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a situation in which excess or deficiency of oil occurs in each circuit, and to operate smoothly. Then, when the use is stopped, the wheel portion 5 is set to the neutral position, and the lock mechanism 56 is operated by the lock switch 56.
Lock 0. As a result, the drive of the air cylinder 48 of the drive unit 45 of the lock mechanism 40 is released, the lock pin 41 is moved downward via the rod 49 and the link 47, and the wheel unit 5 is locked at the rotation neutral position. afterwards,
Just turn off the main switch. In addition, the spare circuit 33
For inspection of B, etc., by operating the emergency switch 57,
The spare circuit 33B can be operated independently (3-
1).

[0033]

15. In FIG. 15, the trailer according to the embodiment of the present invention has the same condition (9710 mm) as the farthest axial distance L (FIG. 1) between the front wheel shaft of the tractor 3 and the rear wheel shaft 6 of the trailer 1. An example in which the trailer 1 and the conventional trailer 1 are compared is shown. The outer front wheel of the tractor 3 is provided with a radius of curvature R1 (R
A) When the vehicle is turned at 12000 mm, the radius of curvature of the inner rear wheel of the trailer 1 is R2 (RB) = 7 in the conventional example.
460 mm, and in the example, R3 (RB) = 8420.
mm, and the width E was reduced. As a result, FIG.
As shown in (1), even on a road having a road width H of 5500 mm and a radius of curvature of R = 13000 at the outermost circumference, the conventional example cannot turn completely, but in the example, it was possible to turn with a margin.

In conjunction with the handle of the tractor 3,
Hydraulic circuit 3 of hydraulic cylinder 32 of rotary positioning mechanism 30
If 3 is operated, the wheel portion 5 can be automatically turned, which is extremely convenient. In addition, the lock mechanism 40
Although the drive unit 45 of the above is configured by using the air cylinder 48,
The present invention is not necessarily limited to this, and the hydraulic cylinder 32 or the electric cylinder may be used, and appropriate changes may be made.

[0035]

As described above, according to the trailer of the present invention, since the wheel portion can be pivoted and positioned at an appropriate position, the number of joint points in the wheel portion is increased by one and the tractor and the tractor are combined. In the combined vehicle of No. 2, it is possible to reduce the widening which is a dimensional difference between the outermost turning radius and the innermost turning radius. Therefore, even if the farthest axial distance between the front wheel shaft of the tractor and the rear wheel shaft of the trailer is the same as the conventional one, it is possible to further reduce the minimum turning radius and reduce the area occupied by the road surface. To improve the mobility of the car,
It is possible to improve the turning performance in a place where the road width is relatively narrow. In addition, the rotation positioning mechanism includes a hydraulic circuit that expands and contracts the hydraulic cylinder to rotate the wheel portion,
Since this hydraulic circuit is configured to include a main circuit that is constantly used and a spare circuit that is a spare for the main circuit, even if the main circuit is abnormal, the rotation positioning mechanism can be operated using the spare circuit. It is possible to prevent a situation where the vehicle gets stuck while turning.

When the abnormality detecting means is provided with a switching means for changing over from the main circuit to the spare circuit when detecting an abnormality in the main circuit, the spare circuit can continuously control the rotation of the wheel portion. Even if the main circuit is abnormal, the operation can be continued, so that the situation where the vehicle gets stuck during turning can be surely prevented, and the vehicle can be surely controlled. Further, in the case where a lock mechanism that locks the wheel portion in the rotation neutral position so as to be unlocked is provided, the wheel portion can be locked in the rotation neutral position.
It is possible to reliably stop the rotation of the wheel portion, and therefore, it is possible to reliably perform normal traveling and to ensure safety.

Further, the lock detecting means for detecting whether the lock mechanism is locked or unlocked, and the operation of the hydraulic circuit is permitted when the lock detecting means detects that the lock is released. When the operation permitting means is provided, the lock of the lock mechanism is not unlocked, and the rotation positioning mechanism does not operate even if it is attempted to operate, so that safety of operation is ensured. Furthermore, when the vehicle is provided with an angle detection means for detecting the angle of the wheel portion with respect to the chassis and an angle display means for displaying the angle detected by the angle detection means, the direction and the amount of rotation of the wheel portion can be visually recognized. Since it is possible to know the direction of the tire, the steering operability can be improved accordingly.
Further, even when the tire is returned to the original position, it becomes difficult to erroneously turn the steering wheel in the opposite direction, which also improves the operability.

Further, when a tank for storing the oil, a hydraulic pump for supplying the oil in the tank to the hydraulic cylinder, and a pump unit in which a drive motor for driving the hydraulic pump is integrated are provided, it becomes compact and
As a result, it is possible to prevent the situation in which the pipe is not exposed and a problem such as disconnection of the pipe occurs. Further, when a tank connecting pipe is provided between the tanks of the pump units provided in the main circuit and the auxiliary circuit of the hydraulic circuit, respectively, which keeps the oil level of the tank constant, the oil may flow between the tanks. Therefore, by switching from the main circuit to the backup circuit, it is possible to prevent a situation in which the oil supplied to the main circuit and the backup circuit and the return oil are excessive or insufficient,
A smooth operation can be performed.

Furthermore, when the check valve block is provided integrally with the hydraulic cylinder, the pipe is not exposed to that extent, and it is possible to prevent a problem such as disconnection of the pipe. Further, when the lock by the lock mechanism is released and the vehicle speed detected by the vehicle speed sensor is equal to or higher than a predetermined value, an abnormality signal is sent and the abnormality notification means notifies the abnormality. Notify the driver that the vehicle is turning at a non-low speed, and call for a safe and reliable response such as slowing down so that the steering operation desired to be performed at low speed can be performed. be able to.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view (a) and a side view (b) showing a trailer according to an embodiment of the present invention together with a tractor.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a main part of the trailer according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a trailer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG.

FIG. 4 is a view showing a trailer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG.

FIG. 5 shows a trailer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
It is a middle CC line sectional view.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a trailer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
It is a sectional view taken along the line DD.

FIG. 7 is an overall view showing a hydraulic circuit of a rotary positioning mechanism for a trailer and a control device therefor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG. 7;

FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG. 7;

FIG. 11 is a front view (a), a side view (b), a plan view (c) and a hydraulic circuit diagram showing the configuration of a hydraulic cylinder in the hydraulic circuit of the rotary positioning mechanism of the trailer according to the embodiment of the present invention. It is (d).

FIG. 12 is a front view (a) and a side view (b) showing a configuration of a control panel in the trailer control device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a front view (a) and a plan view (b) showing a configuration of angle detection means in the trailer according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a control flow of the trailer control device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a turning locus of a trailer combined vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention in comparison with a turning locus of a conventional trailer combined vehicle.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Trailer 2 Chassis 3 Tractor 4 Coupler 5 Wheel Section 6 Wheel Shaft 7 Wheel 8 Beam Box 9 Beam 10 Connecting Shaft 11 Trunnion Bracket 20 Support Mechanism P Vertical Axis 21 Lower Seat 23 Upper Seat 24 Thrust Bearing 30 Rotating Positioning Mechanism 31 Arm 32 Hydraulic cylinder 33 Hydraulic circuit 33A Main circuit 33B Spare circuit 34 Pump unit 35 3 Position switching solenoid valve 37 Check valve block 38 Tank connecting pipe 40 Lock mechanism 50 Control device 51 Battery 52 Connector 53 Control panel 60A Input circuit 60B Input circuit 70 Pressure switch (abnormality detection means) 71 Switching circuit (switching means) 81 Lock detection means 84 Operation allowance circuit 90 Angle detection means 94 Angle display panel (angle display means) 100 Vehicle speed sensor 101 Abnormal signal transmission means 1 02 Buzzer (Abnormality notification means) L Farthest axis distance RA Outermost turning radius (Wheel radius of front wheel shaft of tractor R1) RB Innermost turning radius (Wheel radius of rear wheel axle of trailer R2, R3) E widening

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A trailer in which a front side of a chassis is rotatably supported by a tractor via a coupler around a vertical axis, and a rear side of the chassis is supported by a wheel portion. A rotation positioning mechanism that rotatably supports around and rotates the wheel portion and positions the wheel portion at an appropriate position is provided. One end of the rotation positioning mechanism is rotatably coupled to the chassis and the other end thereof is rotatable. A hydraulic circuit rotatably connected to the wheel portion side, and a hydraulic circuit for rotating the wheel portion by expanding and contracting a piston of the hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic circuit being a main circuit that is constantly used. A trailer characterized by comprising a spare circuit as a spare of the main circuit. 2. An abnormality detecting means for detecting an abnormality of the main circuit, and a switching means for switching from the main circuit to a spare circuit when the abnormality detecting means detects an abnormality. Trailer as described. 3. The trailer according to claim 1, further comprising a lock mechanism for releasably locking the wheel portion at a rotational neutral position. 4. A lock detecting means for detecting whether the lock mechanism is locked or unlocked, and an operation of the hydraulic circuit when detecting that the lock of the lock detecting means is unlocked. The trailer according to claim 3, further comprising: an operation permitting means for permitting operation. 5. An angle detecting means for detecting an angle of the wheel portion with respect to the chassis, and an angle displaying means for displaying an angle detected by the angle detecting means. The trailer according to 4. 6. A tank for storing oil, a hydraulic pump for supplying oil from the tank to a hydraulic cylinder, and a drive motor for driving the hydraulic pump, which are provided in the main circuit and the standby circuit of the hydraulic circuit, respectively, are integrated. The trailer according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, further comprising a pump unit. 7. A tank connecting pipe for connecting a tank of a pump unit provided in each of the main circuit and the auxiliary circuit of the hydraulic circuit, the tank connecting pipe being for maintaining a constant oil level in the tank. Trailer. 8. A check valve block for shutting off oil flow from the hydraulic cylinder to the backup circuit when the main circuit is active, and shutting off oil flow from the hydraulic cylinder to the main circuit when the backup circuit is active. The trailer according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, wherein the check valve block is provided integrally with the hydraulic cylinder. 9. A vehicle speed sensor for detecting a vehicle speed and an abnormal signal sending means for sending an abnormal signal when the lock by the lock mechanism is released and the vehicle speed detected by the vehicle speed sensor is a predetermined value or more. The trailer according to claim 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8, further comprising: an abnormality notifying unit for notifying an abnormality by an abnormality signal from the abnormality signal sending unit.