CN110053477B - Axle device and engineering machinery - Google Patents
Axle device and engineering machinery Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110053477B CN110053477B CN201910436795.3A CN201910436795A CN110053477B CN 110053477 B CN110053477 B CN 110053477B CN 201910436795 A CN201910436795 A CN 201910436795A CN 110053477 B CN110053477 B CN 110053477B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- speed
- reversing valve
- fluid
- state
- axle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 87
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004899 c-terminal region Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K23/00—Arrangement or mounting of control devices for vehicle transmissions, or parts thereof, not otherwise provided for
- B60K23/08—Arrangement or mounting of control devices for vehicle transmissions, or parts thereof, not otherwise provided for for changing number of driven wheels, for switching from driving one axle to driving two or more axles
Abstract
The application relates to an axle device and engineering machinery, wherein the axle device comprises: the first end of each first connecting mechanism is connected with the front axle (2) and the rear axle (4), and the first connecting mechanism is used for being connected with the vehicle power source (5); a clutch member (8) provided at the second end of the first or second connection mechanism so as to be positionally changeable; and a state switching drive unit for switching to a first state when the vehicle is traveling at a first speed so that the clutch unit (8) is in a first position while being engaged with the respective second ends of the first and second connection mechanisms; and switching to a second state when the vehicle is traveling at a second speed, so that the clutch member (8) is in a second position such that the first and second connection mechanisms are disengaged; the first speed does not exceed the preset operation safety speed, and the second speed exceeds the preset operation safety speed. The structure can make the engineering machinery suitable for high-speed running and low-speed operation at the same time.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, in particular to an axle device and engineering machinery.
Background
The existing loader is generally suitable for low-speed operation, and four wheels are required to be used for simultaneous driving in order to increase ground adhesion during the low-speed operation. The high-speed loader with the highest speed exceeding 80km/h is not in China, and the loader does not have an inter-axle differential mechanism, so that the whole loader can pitch forwards and backwards when running at high speed by adopting the traditional four-wheel drive, the gravity center of the whole loader is changed, the running safety is influenced, and the safety of a driver can be endangered when the speed is serious. There is therefore a need to improve the adaptability of the loader to different operating conditions.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides an axle device and engineering machinery, which can enable the engineering machinery to be suitable for high-speed running and low-speed operation at the same time.
To achieve the above object, a first aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides an axle device comprising:
front and rear axles;
the first connecting mechanism and the second connecting mechanism are respectively connected with the front axle and the rear axle at the first ends, and the first connecting mechanism is used for being connected with a vehicle power source;
the clutch component is arranged at the second end of the first connecting mechanism or the second connecting mechanism in a position changeable way; and
a state switching driving part for switching to a first state to move the clutch part to a first position while being coupled with respective second ends of the first and second connection mechanisms when the vehicle is traveling at a first speed; when the vehicle runs at the second speed, the clutch component is switched to a second state so as to move to a second position to disengage the first connecting mechanism from the second connecting mechanism;
the first speed does not exceed the preset operation safety speed, and the second speed exceeds the preset operation safety speed.
In some embodiments, the clutch member is movably disposed along the second end of the first coupling mechanism and the second end of the second coupling mechanism, the clutch member reaching the first position and the second position by moving in opposite directions.
In some embodiments, the clutch component includes a spline housing, the second ends of the first and second connection mechanisms are spline shafts, the spline housing mates with the spline shafts, the direction of movement of the spline housing is the fore-aft direction of the vehicle, and the first position is forward of the second position.
In some embodiments, the state switching driving part includes:
an auxiliary power source for providing high pressure fluid to drive the clutch member to change position; and
the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve are respectively provided with a first working position and a second working position;
when the state switching driving component is in a first state, the first reversing valve is in a first working position, the second reversing valve is in a second working position, and high-pressure fluid acts on the clutch component through the first reversing valve to enable the clutch component to move to a first position; when the state switching driving part is in the second state, the second reversing valve is in the first working position, the first reversing valve is in the second working position, and the high-pressure fluid acts on the clutch part through the second reversing valve to enable the clutch part to move to the second position.
In some embodiments, the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve are two-position three-way valves, including a fluid inlet, a working port, and a fluid return port;
the clutch component is provided with a first fluid port and a second fluid port along two opposite ends of the motion direction, the working ports of the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve are respectively communicated with the first fluid port and the second fluid port, and the fluid return port is used for returning fluid discharged from the first fluid port or the second fluid port.
In some embodiments, the axle apparatus further comprises:
a displacement sensor for detecting displacement of the clutch member; and
and a controller for receiving a detection signal of the displacement sensor and stopping the state switching driving part from applying the driving force to the clutch part when the clutch part is judged to reach the first position or the second position.
In some embodiments, the axle apparatus further comprises:
a displacement sensor for detecting displacement of the clutch member; and
the controller is used for receiving the detection signal of the displacement sensor, and switching the first reversing valve to the second working position when the clutch component is judged to reach the first position, so that the fluid in the first fluid port flows out of the fluid return port through the first reversing valve; when the clutch component is judged to reach the second position, the second reversing valve is switched to the second working position, so that the fluid in the second fluid port flows out of the fluid return port through the second reversing valve.
In some embodiments, the axle apparatus further comprises:
the switching operation element is used for receiving external operation and sending out a state switching instruction; and
and a controller that switches the state switching driving part between the first state and the second state in response to an operation instruction to switch the operation element.
In some embodiments, the axle apparatus further comprises:
a vehicle speed detection means for detecting a running speed of the vehicle; and
and the controller is used for receiving the running speed signal detected by the vehicle speed detection part and comparing the current running speed with the preset operation safety speed so as to enable the state switching driving part to be switched to the first state under the condition that the current running speed does not exceed the preset operation safety speed, and enable the state switching driving part to be switched to the second state under the condition that the current running speed exceeds the preset operation safety speed.
To achieve the above object, a second aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a construction machine including the axle device of the above embodiment.
In some embodiments, the work machine is a loader.
Based on the technical scheme, the axle device of one embodiment of the application can enable the state switching driving component to be switched to the first state when the vehicle works at a low speed, so that the clutch component moves to be combined with the second ends of the first connecting mechanism and the second connecting mechanism at the same time, the rear axle is connected with the vehicle power source, the front axle and the rear axle are driven at the same time, the ground adhesion force is increased, and the working reliability is improved; when the vehicle runs at high speed, the state switching driving part is switched to the second state, so that the clutch part moves to be separated from the first connecting mechanism, the rear axle is separated from the vehicle power source, and the safety of high-speed running is improved only by virtue of the front axle driving. The axle device can enable the engineering machinery to be suitable for high-speed running and low-speed operation at the same time.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and do not constitute a limitation on the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of an axle apparatus of the present application.
Description of the reference numerals
1. A front wheel; 2. a front axle; 3. a rear wheel; 4. a rear axle; 5. a vehicle power source; 6. a first connection mechanism; 7. a second connection mechanism; 8. a clutch member; 81. a first fluid port; 82. a second fluid port; 9. a displacement sensor; 10. a first reversing valve; 11. a second reversing valve; 101. a fluid inlet; 102. a work port; 103. a fluid return port; 12. an air compressor; 13. a gas storage container; 14. a pressure reducing valve; 15. a controller; 16. switching the operating element; 17. and a power supply.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in detail below. In the following paragraphs, the different aspects of the embodiments are defined in more detail. Aspects so defined may be combined with any other aspect or aspects unless explicitly stated to be non-combinable. In particular, any feature or features may be combined with one or more other features may be desired and advantageous.
The terms "first," "second," and the like in the present application are merely for convenience of description to distinguish between different constituent components having the same name, and do not denote a sequential or primary or secondary relationship.
In the description of the present application, the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "front", "rear", "inner" and "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present application, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and thus should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. The above-mentioned orientations are each determined based on the driver's vehicle, and the longitudinal direction of the vehicle is the front-rear direction, and the lateral direction is the left-right direction.
As shown in fig. 1, the present application provides an axle apparatus for a construction machine, including, in some embodiments: the front axle 2, the rear axle 4, the first connecting mechanism 6, the second connecting mechanism 7, the clutch member 8 and the state switching driving member. Wherein, front wheel 1 is connected respectively at front axle 2's both ends, and rear wheel is connected respectively at rear axle 4's both ends, and front axle 2 and rear axle 4 can adopt full bridge or half bridge.
The first end of the first connecting mechanism 6 is connected to the front axle 2, the first end of the second connecting mechanism 7 is connected to the rear axle 4, and the first connecting mechanism 6 is for connection to a vehicle power source 5, such as an engine. The first and second connection mechanisms 6 and 7 may include at least one of a gear transmission structure and a link mechanism. The clutch member 8 is provided at the second end of the first coupling mechanism 6 or the second coupling mechanism 7 in a position changeable manner.
When the vehicle runs at a first speed, the first speed does not exceed a preset operation safety speed, for example 80km/h, namely, the vehicle is in a low-speed operation mode, the state switching driving component is switched to a first state, so that the clutch component 8 moves to a first position and is combined with the second ends of the first connecting mechanism 6 and the second connecting mechanism 7, the rear axle 4 is combined with the first connecting mechanism 6 through the second connecting mechanism 7 and the clutch component 8, the vehicle power source 5 can drive the front axle 2 and the rear axle 4 at the same time, the ground adhesion force of tires can be increased, and the reliability of the engineering machinery in the low-speed operation mode is improved.
When the vehicle runs at the second speed, which exceeds the preset work safety speed, the state switching drive part is switched to the second state so that the clutch part 8 is moved to the second position to disengage the first connecting mechanism 6 and the second connecting mechanism 7. The rear axle 4 is disconnected from the vehicle power source 5, and the vehicle power source 5 only provides driving force for the front axle 2, and the rear wheels 3 follow. The front wheel 1 and the rear wheel 3 have larger speed difference when telling to travel due to the influences of manufacturing errors, tire pressure and vehicle gravity center, and the driving mode can prevent engineering machinery from pitching forward and backward in a high-speed traveling mode, so that obvious nodding phenomenon occurs, the vehicle traveling stability is improved, and the safety of a driver is ensured.
Therefore, the axle device can enable the engineering machinery to be simultaneously suitable for high-speed running and low-speed operation, improves the adaptability of the engineering machinery to the operation and running, can reliably operate, can efficiently and safely transfer the work, and can improve the work efficiency.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the clutch member 8 is movably disposed along the second end of the first coupling mechanism 6 and the second end of the second coupling mechanism 7, and the clutch member 8 reaches the first position and the second position by moving in opposite directions. The clutch component 8 changes position in a moving way, so that the stability in the state switching process can be improved, and the space is saved.
For example, the clutch member 8 includes a spline housing, and the second ends of the first and second connection mechanisms 6 and 7 are spline shafts, respectively, with which the spline housing is fitted. The structure can reliably combine the spline shafts of the first connecting mechanism 6 and the second connecting mechanism 7 when the spline housing moves to the first position, reliably transmit the driving force of the vehicle power source 5, and is easy to be separated from the spline shaft of the first connecting mechanism 6 when the spline housing moves to the second position in the reverse direction, and has simple structure and easy realization. Alternatively, the second ends of the first connecting mechanism 6 and the second connecting mechanism 7 are shafts with flat keys, the clutch component 8 comprises a shaft sleeve, and key grooves matched with the flat keys are formed in the inner wall of the shaft sleeve.
Alternatively, the first end of the clutch member 8 is hinged to one of the first and second connection mechanisms 6, 7, and the second end is swingable about a hinge point to reach the first position or the second position by swinging, upon reaching the first position, it is necessary to engage the second end of the clutch member with the other of the first and second connection mechanisms 6, 7.
In some embodiments, the second ends of the first and second connection mechanisms 6 and 7 are disposed in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, and the moving direction of the clutch member 8, such as a spline housing, is the front-rear direction of the vehicle, and the first position is located forward of the second position. This structure can simplify the layout of the two connection structures. Further, the respective second ends of the first and second link mechanisms 6 and 7 can be positioned at the center position in the vehicle lateral direction, and the driving force provided by the vehicle power source 5 can be uniformly applied to the rear wheels 3 on the left and right sides when the rear axle 4 is coupled, improving the running stability of the vehicle.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the state switching driving part includes: an auxiliary power source for supplying high-pressure fluid to drive the clutch member 8 to move, the fluid may be gas or hydraulic oil; and a first reversing valve 10 and a second reversing valve 11, each having a first operating position and a second operating position.
When the state switching driving member is in the first state, the first switching valve 10 is in the first operating position (upper position in fig. 1), the second switching valve 11 is in the second operating position (lower position in fig. 1), and the high-pressure fluid acts on the clutch member 8 through the first switching valve 10 to move to the first position. When the state switching drive member is in the second state, the second direction valve 11 is in the first operating position (upper position in fig. 1), the first direction valve 10 is in the second operating position (lower position in fig. 1), and the high-pressure fluid acts on the clutch member 8 through the second direction valve 11 to move to the second position.
In the embodiment, the clutch part 8 is driven to move by high-pressure fluid, so that larger driving force can be realized, the rear axle 4 is reliably combined with or separated from the vehicle power source 5, and the reliability of switching the driving mode of the engineering machinery in a low-speed operation mode and a high-speed running mode is improved. Alternatively, the clutch member 8 may be driven to move by an electric linear motion mechanism.
As shown in fig. 1, the first reversing valve 10 and the second reversing valve 11 are two-position three-way valves, each including a fluid inlet 101, a working port 102, and a fluid return port 103. Wherein, the fluid inlet 101 is communicated with an auxiliary power source, the two ends of the clutch component 8 opposite to the moving direction are respectively provided with a first fluid port 81 and a second fluid port 82, the working ports 102 of the first reversing valve 10 and the second reversing valve 11 are respectively communicated with the first fluid port 81 and the second fluid port 82, and the fluid return port 103 is used for returning the fluid discharged from the first fluid port 81 or the second fluid port 82.
The cross-sectional area of the first and second fluid ports 81, 82 may be larger than the cross-sectional area of the conduit to which they are connected to increase the greater driving force for movement of the clutch member 8 at a given fluid pressure. Alternatively, in the case where the driving force demand is small, the cross-sectional areas of the first fluid port 81 and the second fluid port 82 may also coincide with the conduit cross-sectional area, only as the conduit connection port.
By using two independent directional valves to control the direction in which the high pressure fluid drives the clutch member 8, respectively, the vehicle can still be operated in the event of a failure of one of the directional valves. For example, in the case where the first switching valve 10 fails, the rear axle 4 may be disengaged by switching the second switching valve 11, and the vehicle is adapted to travel at a high speed, but light-load low-speed operation may be performed in this state; in the event of a failure of the second directional valve 11, the rear axle 4 can be coupled by switching the first directional valve 10, and the vehicle is suitable for low-speed operation, but in this state the vehicle can also be driven at a speed close to the preset operation safety speed.
In some embodiments, the auxiliary power source comprises: an air compressor 12 and an air container 13, the air container 13 for storing high pressure gas generated by the air compressor 12. Or the auxiliary power source includes: the hydraulic pump is used for converting hydraulic oil in the oil tank into high-pressure oil.
Further, a pressure reducing valve 14 is provided between the auxiliary power source and the first and second reversing valves 10 and 11 to reduce the pressure of the high-pressure fluid to provide a suitable driving force for the clutch member 8.
In addition to using two independent reversing valves, in other embodiments, the state switching drive component includes: an auxiliary power source for supplying high-pressure fluid to drive the clutch member 8 to move; and a third reversing valve having a first operating position, a second operating position, and a third operating position, the third operating position being between the first operating position and the second operating position. Wherein when the state switching driving part is in the first state, the high-pressure fluid acts on the clutch part 8 through the first working position of the third reversing valve to move to the first position; when the state switching drive is in the second state, the high-pressure fluid acts on the clutch member 8 via the second operating position of the third directional valve to move it to the second position.
This embodiment simplifies the construction, saves space and simplifies the control logic by providing a reversing valve to switch the clutch member 8 between the first position and the second position.
In some embodiments, the axle apparatus of the present application further comprises: a displacement sensor 9 for detecting displacement of the clutch member 8; and a controller 15 for receiving a detection signal of the displacement sensor 9 and stopping the state switching driving part from applying the driving force to the clutch part 8 when it is determined that the clutch part 8 moves to reach the first position or the second position. In the low-speed operation or the high-speed running mode, the clutch member 8 can be stopped from moving by stopping the application of the driving force without continuing the movement after the clutch member 8 is moved in place.
In one specific embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the axle apparatus of the present application further comprises: a displacement sensor 9 for detecting displacement of the clutch member 8; and a controller 15 for receiving a detection signal of the displacement sensor 9 and switching the first direction valve 10 to the second operation position when it is determined that the clutch member 8 reaches the first position, so that the fluid in the first fluid port 81 flows out from the fluid return port 103 through the first direction valve 10; when it is determined that the clutch member 8 has reached the second position, the second switching valve 11 is switched to the second operating position so that the fluid in the second fluid port 82 flows out of the fluid return port 103 through the second switching valve 11.
In some embodiments, the axle apparatus of the present application further comprises: a switching operation element 16 for receiving an external operation and issuing a state switching instruction, for example, using a button, a handle, a toggle switch, or the like; and a controller 15 that switches the state switching driving section between the first state and the second state in response to an operation instruction of the switching operation element 16.
Before the vehicle needs to enter a low-speed operation or a high-speed running mode, an operator can select the state through the switching operation element 16, and the switching operation element 16 can be arranged in a cab or on a remote controller, so that the engineering machinery can be flexibly and conveniently switched to a required mode according to the requirement. Preferably, in the neutral state, the operator selects the operation mode by switching the operation element 16, and when it is determined that the clutch member 8 is in place based on the detection signal of the displacement sensor 9, the state switching driving member stops applying the driving force to the clutch member 8, and at this time, the operator further engages the forward gear to perform the low-speed operation or the high-speed running.
In other embodiments, the axle apparatus of the present application further comprises: a vehicle speed detection means for detecting a running speed of the vehicle; and a controller 15 for receiving the running speed signal detected by the vehicle speed detecting means and comparing the current running speed with a preset operation safety speed to automatically switch the state switching driving means to the first state in the case where the current running speed does not exceed the preset operation safety speed and to automatically switch the state switching driving means to the second state in the case where the current running speed exceeds the preset operation safety speed.
According to the embodiment, the operation burden of a driver can be reduced, a proper driving mode is automatically matched according to the running speed of the vehicle, the reliable adhesion force between the vehicle and the ground during low-speed running can be ensured, and the safety of the vehicle during high-speed running can be ensured. For example, when the construction machine is performing a work, in order to secure a reliable ground attachment force, the vehicle should travel at a first speed, and if the controller determines that the current travel speed exceeds a preset work safety speed, the rear axle 4 is automatically disengaged to improve travel safety.
In the following, a specific embodiment will be given by taking fig. 1 as an example to explain the working principle of the axle device of the present application.
For circuit connections, as shown in dashed line portions in fig. 1. The controller 15 is an Electronic Control Unit (ECU), and the switching operation element 16 is a switch, for example, a rocker type single pole double throw switch, and the terminal L of the switch is only turned on with one of the terminal M or the terminal N, and cannot be turned on at the same time, and the terminal L is always turned on with one of the terminals. The positive pole of the power supply 17 is connected with the terminal L of the switch, the terminals M and N of the switch are respectively connected with the F terminal and the E terminal of the ECU, the A terminal, the B terminal and the C terminal of the ECU are respectively connected with the negative pole of the power supply 17, the H terminal of the second reversing valve 11 and the K terminal of the first reversing valve 10, the G terminal of the second reversing valve 11 and the J terminal of the first reversing valve 10 are simultaneously connected with the negative pole of the power supply 17, and the D terminal of the ECU is connected with the displacement sensor 9.
For the gas path connection, as in the solid line portion of fig. 1. The air compressor 12 is connected with the fluid inlets 101 of the first reversing valve 10 and the second reversing valve 11 through the air storage container 13 and the pressure reducing valve 14 at the same time, for example, the outlet pressure of the pressure reducing valve 14 is 0.5+/-0.1 MPa, or the gas of the air storage container 13 can be sourced from other systems of the vehicle; the working ports 102 of the first reversing valve 10 and the second reversing valve 11 are respectively communicated with the first fluid port 81 and the second fluid port 82 which are positioned at opposite ends of the clutch member 8; the fluid return ports 103 of the first reversing valve 10 and the second reversing valve 11 are simultaneously connected to the atmosphere. The first reversing valve 10 and the second reversing valve 11 may be two-position three-way electromagnetic air valves or proportional electromagnetic air valves, and when the electric power is not applied, the fluid inlet 101 is disconnected from the working port 102, and the fluid return port 103 is communicated with the working port.
The working principle of the axle device is as follows:
when the vehicle needs to operate at a low speed, four-wheel simultaneous driving is required in order to sufficiently exert the adhesion force on the ground. At this time, when the switch is pressed in the neutral state, the terminal L and the terminal N of the switch are engaged, the terminal K of the first reversing valve 10 is turned on, the electromagnet is powered, the fluid inlet 101 is connected to the working port 102, and the gas in the gas storage container 13 passes through the pressure reducing valve 14 and the first reversing valve 10 to the first fluid port 81 of the clutch member 8, so that the clutch member 8 moves to the first position under the action of the air pressure, and the first connecting mechanism 6 and the second connecting mechanism 7 are combined. When the rear axle 4 is reliably engaged, the displacement sensor 9 transmits information of the engagement of the rear axle 4 to the ECU, which rapidly de-energizes the first directional valve 10, and the gas of the second fluid port 82 is discharged to the atmosphere through the working port 102 and the fluid return port 103 of the first directional valve 10. At this time, the forward gear is engaged again, and the low-speed operation is performed.
When the vehicle needs to work at a high speed, in order to ensure safe driving and prevent the whole vehicle from pitching forward and backward at the high speed, the rear axle 4 needs to be disconnected, and only the front axle 2 is driven. At this time, when the switch is pressed in the neutral state, the terminal L and the terminal M of the switch are engaged, the terminal H of the second reversing valve 11 is turned on, the electromagnet is powered, the fluid inlet 101 is connected to the working port 102, and the gas in the gas storage container 13 passes through the pressure reducing valve 14 and the second reversing valve 11 to the second fluid port 82 of the clutch member 8, so that the clutch member 8 moves to the second position under the action of the air pressure, and the second connection mechanism 7 and the first connection mechanism 6 are combined. When the rear axle 4 is reliably disconnected, the displacement sensor 9 transmits information of the disconnection of the rear axle 4 to the ECU, and the ECU rapidly cuts off the second reversing valve 11, so that the gas of the first fluid port 82 is discharged to the atmosphere through the working port 102 and the fluid return port 103 of the second reversing valve 11. At this time, the forward gear is engaged again, and high-speed running is performed.
Compared with a common axle system, the axle device only needs to be added with a reversing valve, a pressure reducing valve 14 and a clutch component 8, and the cost is little increased compared with the whole machine; the sensitivity and the response speed of the whole control system can be improved by adopting the ECU and the electric control, so that the vehicle can be rapidly switched in different modes; the whole device has the advantages of simple working principle, less element number, high reliability, easy positioning under the condition of faults, convenient maintenance and detection and low maintenance cost; the whole machine integrates a high-speed running mode and a low-speed operation mode, and the high-speed running mode can be used for transferring or conveying materials, and has strong adaptability.
The application further provides engineering machinery, which comprises the axle device of the embodiment. The engineering machinery can enable the rear axle to be connected with a vehicle power source during low-speed operation, so that the front axle and the rear axle can be driven simultaneously, the ground adhesion force is increased, and the operation reliability is improved; and when the vehicle runs at high speed, the rear axle is disconnected from the vehicle power source, and the vehicle is driven by the front axle, so that the safety of the high-speed running is improved. The engineering machinery is applicable to both high-speed running and low-speed operation.
Preferably, the working machine is a loader. At present, no loader suitable for high-speed running exists in China, and the loader does not have an inter-axle differential mechanism, so that the situation of large four-wheel speed difference can occur when the loader runs at high speed by adopting the traditional four-wheel drive, and the whole loader is bent forwards and backwards. The loader adopting the axle device can increase the safety of high-speed running, realize high-efficiency transition, improve the safety of a driver and improve the operation reliability.
The construction machine may be a tire crane, an excavator, a rotary drilling machine, or the like.
The axle device and the engineering machinery provided by the application are described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present application have been described herein with reference to specific examples, which are intended to be merely illustrative of the methods of the present application and their core ideas. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations of the application can be made without departing from the principles of the application and these modifications and adaptations are intended to be within the scope of the application as defined in the following claims.
Claims (9)
1. An axle apparatus, comprising:
a front axle (2) and a rear axle (4);
a first connecting mechanism (6) and a second connecting mechanism (7), wherein the first ends of the first connecting mechanism and the second connecting mechanism are respectively connected with the front axle (2) and the rear axle (4), and the first connecting mechanism (6) is used for being connected with a vehicle power source (5);
a clutch part (8) arranged at the second end of the first connecting mechanism (6) or the second connecting mechanism (7) in a position changeable way; and
a state switching drive means for switching to a first state to move the clutch means (8) to a first position while engaging respective second ends of the first and second connection mechanisms (6, 7) when the vehicle is traveling at a first speed; and switching to a second state to move the clutch member (8) to a second position to disengage the first and second connection mechanisms (6, 7) when the vehicle is traveling at a second speed;
wherein the first speed does not exceed a preset operation safety speed, and the second speed exceeds the preset operation safety speed;
wherein the state switching driving part includes:
an auxiliary power source for supplying high pressure fluid to drive the clutch member (8) to change position; and
the first reversing valve (10) and the second reversing valve (11) are provided with a first working position and a second working position;
when the state switching driving component is in a first state, the first reversing valve (10) is in a first working position, the second reversing valve (11) is in a second working position, and high-pressure fluid acts on the clutch component (8) through the first reversing valve (10) to enable the clutch component to move to a first position; when the state switching driving part is in a second state, the second reversing valve (11) is in a first working position, the first reversing valve (10) is in a second working position, and high-pressure fluid acts on the clutch part (8) through the second reversing valve (11) to enable the clutch part to move to a second position.
2. Axle arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the clutch member (8) is movably arranged along the second end of the first coupling means (6) and the second end of the second coupling means (7), the clutch member (8) being brought to the first and second position by being moved in opposite directions.
3. The axle device according to claim 2, wherein the clutch member (8) includes a spline housing, the second ends of the first and second connection mechanisms (6, 7) are spline shafts, the spline housing is engaged with the spline shafts, the moving direction of the spline housing is the front-rear direction of the vehicle, and the first position is located in front of the second position.
4. The axle device according to claim 1, wherein the first reversing valve (10) and the second reversing valve (11) are two-position three-way valves each including a fluid inlet (101), a working port (102) and a fluid return port (103);
the clutch component (8) is provided with a first fluid port (81) and a second fluid port (82) at two opposite ends along the moving direction, a working port (102) of the first reversing valve (10) and the second reversing valve (11) is respectively communicated with the first fluid port (81) and the second fluid port (82), and a fluid return port (103) is used for returning fluid discharged from the first fluid port (81) or the second fluid port (82).
5. The axle apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising:
a displacement sensor (9) for detecting a displacement of the clutch member (8); and
and a controller (15) for receiving a detection signal from the displacement sensor (9) and stopping the state switching driving means from applying a driving force to the clutch means (8) when it is determined that the clutch means (8) has reached the first position or the second position.
6. The axle apparatus of claim 4, further comprising:
a displacement sensor (9) for detecting a displacement of the clutch member (8); and
a controller (15) for receiving a detection signal of the displacement sensor (9) and switching the first reversing valve (10) to a second working position when the clutch member (8) is judged to reach the first position, so that fluid in the first fluid port (81) flows out of the fluid return port (103) through the first reversing valve (10); when the clutch component (8) is judged to reach the second position, the second reversing valve (11) is switched to a second working position, so that the fluid in the second fluid port (82) flows out of the fluid return port (103) through the second reversing valve (11).
7. The axle apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising:
a switching operation element (16) for receiving an external operation and issuing a state switching instruction; and
a controller (15) switches the state switching driving part between a first state and a second state in response to an operation instruction of the switching operation element (16).
8. The axle apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising:
a vehicle speed detection means for detecting a running speed of the vehicle; and
and a controller (15) for receiving the running speed signal detected by the vehicle speed detecting means and comparing the current running speed with the preset operation safety speed, so that the state switching driving means is switched to the first state when the current running speed does not exceed the preset operation safety speed, and is switched to the second state when the current running speed exceeds the preset operation safety speed.
9. A construction machine comprising the axle device according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910436795.3A CN110053477B (en) | 2019-05-24 | 2019-05-24 | Axle device and engineering machinery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910436795.3A CN110053477B (en) | 2019-05-24 | 2019-05-24 | Axle device and engineering machinery |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110053477A CN110053477A (en) | 2019-07-26 |
| CN110053477B true CN110053477B (en) | 2023-11-17 |
Family
ID=67324145
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910436795.3A Active CN110053477B (en) | 2019-05-24 | 2019-05-24 | Axle device and engineering machinery |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110053477B (en) |
Citations (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB665463A (en) * | 1948-03-16 | 1952-01-23 | Sulzer Ag | Improvements relating to power transmission systems for vehicles |
| CN101348114A (en) * | 2007-07-18 | 2009-01-21 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Control apparatus for vehicular drive system |
| CN101913351A (en) * | 2010-08-23 | 2010-12-15 | 三一汽车起重机械有限公司 | Pneumatic braking system, crane with pneumatic braking system and pneumatic braking method |
| CN203651750U (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2014-06-18 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Hydraulic auxiliary driving and braking system |
| CN103958939A (en) * | 2012-01-23 | 2014-07-30 | 株式会社小松制作所 | Motor grader |
| CN203822764U (en) * | 2014-01-04 | 2014-09-10 | 鞠锋 | Electronic control hydraulic or pneumatic type kinetic energy recovery re-release device |
| CN203832260U (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2014-09-17 | 常州维航节能科技有限公司 | Electric train braking energy recovery hydraulic energy conservation and emission reduction device |
| CN105121902A (en) * | 2013-02-11 | 2015-12-02 | 意大利德纳股份有限公司 | Hydrostatic and direct drive transmission |
| CN105517833A (en) * | 2013-09-02 | 2016-04-20 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Control system for four-wheel drive vehicle |
| CN106414133A (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2017-02-15 | 意大利德纳股份有限公司 | Dual mode hybrid hydrostatic driveline |
| CN108973661A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2018-12-11 | 山东亚泰机械有限公司 | A kind of high low speed switching transmission system of engineering truck |
| CN109552059A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-02 | 许昌学院 | A kind of heavy-duty car hybrid power control system and control method |
| CN210027042U (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2020-02-07 | 徐工集团工程机械股份有限公司科技分公司 | Axle device and engineering machinery |
-
2019
- 2019-05-24 CN CN201910436795.3A patent/CN110053477B/en active Active
Patent Citations (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB665463A (en) * | 1948-03-16 | 1952-01-23 | Sulzer Ag | Improvements relating to power transmission systems for vehicles |
| CN101348114A (en) * | 2007-07-18 | 2009-01-21 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Control apparatus for vehicular drive system |
| CN101913351A (en) * | 2010-08-23 | 2010-12-15 | 三一汽车起重机械有限公司 | Pneumatic braking system, crane with pneumatic braking system and pneumatic braking method |
| CN103958939A (en) * | 2012-01-23 | 2014-07-30 | 株式会社小松制作所 | Motor grader |
| CN105121902A (en) * | 2013-02-11 | 2015-12-02 | 意大利德纳股份有限公司 | Hydrostatic and direct drive transmission |
| CN105517833A (en) * | 2013-09-02 | 2016-04-20 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Control system for four-wheel drive vehicle |
| CN203651750U (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2014-06-18 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Hydraulic auxiliary driving and braking system |
| CN203822764U (en) * | 2014-01-04 | 2014-09-10 | 鞠锋 | Electronic control hydraulic or pneumatic type kinetic energy recovery re-release device |
| CN106414133A (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2017-02-15 | 意大利德纳股份有限公司 | Dual mode hybrid hydrostatic driveline |
| CN203832260U (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2014-09-17 | 常州维航节能科技有限公司 | Electric train braking energy recovery hydraulic energy conservation and emission reduction device |
| CN108973661A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2018-12-11 | 山东亚泰机械有限公司 | A kind of high low speed switching transmission system of engineering truck |
| CN109552059A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-02 | 许昌学院 | A kind of heavy-duty car hybrid power control system and control method |
| CN210027042U (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2020-02-07 | 徐工集团工程机械股份有限公司科技分公司 | Axle device and engineering machinery |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110053477A (en) | 2019-07-26 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US8573339B2 (en) | Hybrid industrial vehicle | |
| CN102633213B (en) | Energy regeneration type forklift hydraulic system | |
| CN102365227B (en) | Fuel saving control device for working machine and fuel saving control method for working machine | |
| JP2008007089A (en) | Working vehicle | |
| CN114179906B (en) | Emergency steering system and working vehicle | |
| KR20120093195A (en) | Construction machinery | |
| CN103950870A (en) | Forklift hydraulic system with energy recovery and double-pump oil supply functions | |
| WO2014082530A1 (en) | Electric-control multimode steering valve, steering hydraulic control system, and wheel type crane | |
| WO2023179312A1 (en) | Steering system and engineering machine | |
| JP4606228B2 (en) | HST traveling system for work machines | |
| CN210027042U (en) | Axle device and engineering machinery | |
| CN113415336B (en) | Electric transmission steering control system and loader | |
| CN110053477B (en) | Axle device and engineering machinery | |
| CN104661899A (en) | Steering system for a trailing axle of a vehicle | |
| CN101492011B (en) | Double-cab tractor gear shift mechanism | |
| JPH11166623A (en) | Control device for plural hydraulic motors and clutch and its control method | |
| CN104661900B (en) | For the steering of the rear driven shaft of vehicle | |
| CN110099816B (en) | System for assisting in driving a trailer from an open tipping hydraulic circuit | |
| JPH06301Y2 (en) | Hydraulic circuit for vehicle-based construction machinery | |
| CN205890980U (en) | Full hydrostatic steering system of articulated two -way steering vehicle of formula | |
| CN206900471U (en) | Hydraulic hub motor aids in differential servo steering system | |
| CN109591885B (en) | Unmanned vehicle steering loop system and unmanned vehicle | |
| CN106240634A (en) | Radial type bidirectional steering vehicle all hydraulic pressure steering-gear | |
| CN107176204B (en) | Hydraulic hub motor aids in differential servo steering system | |
| CN112977600B (en) | Steering system and vehicle |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |