JPH09221842A - Water cut-off material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve the initial water cut-off function by composing a meshy regulating material around a rod-like bentonite water cutoff material as a water cut-off/waterproof material for the cement placing joint of a concrete structure. SOLUTION: A meshy regulating material easily extended in the lateral direction and not extended in the longitudinal direction is fitted on the outer periphery of a rod-like bentonite water-swelling plastic material 1 as a water cutoff material. When the regulating material 2 is brought into contact with water, it prevents the expansion in the longitudinal direction of the plastic material 1, converts the longitudinal expansion into the expansion force in the lateral direction, and increases the expansion force in the lateral direction. The plastic material 1 is water-expanded through the rhombic spaces 5 formed with connection sections 3 of fibers 4 of the regulating material 2 as apexes to close the gaps between an existing concrete face and a placing joint concrete face, water is primarily cut off instantaneously, and the initial leak from the placing joint is almost prevented.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waterproof and waterproof material for cement joints of concrete structures.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For waterproofing cement joints and the like in conventional civil engineering work, iron plates have been used in the past, and polymer type water blocking plates and the like have been used in recent years. Among them, iron plates have problems in workability and long-term reliability due to corrosion, and in place thereof, polymeric water blocking plates have been used. However, these polymer water blocking plates require a long time for mounting during construction, and there are problems in terms of construction cost and material price. Water-expandable standard rubber still water has also been used, but it is still expensive. Therefore, in recent years, in order to reduce cost and improve workability, solid bentonite granules are packed in a mesh bag, and there is a fixed waterproof material molded with a polymer material binder. The latter remains a problem, the latter leaving a problem with the initial water-stopping reaction rate.

On the other hand, a clay-like plastic water-stopping material in which bentonite-based minerals are dispersed and mixed in mineral oil or the like has been proposed for use as a joint for concrete joints (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Sho 5).
No. 5-42291 and Japanese Patent Application No. 6-330467). However, although these have improved waterproof performance and workability as compared with the conventional ones, they cannot be said to have sufficient workability for waterproof parts.

[0004]

That is, looking at the water-stopping function in the waterproof construction of cement seams required for such a plastic water-stopping material, bentonite comes into contact with water immediately after construction and from the moment of water leakage. Swells and swells until it blocks water channels, and the main component of bentonite, montmorillonite, takes in water molecules between layers or particles and binds them to make them difficult to move. It can be divided into a long-term water-stopping function, which is that water enters bentonite and its surroundings and then reaches the opposite side. The conventional clay-like plastic water-stopping material containing water-swelling bentonite as a main material is insufficient in this initial water-stopping function, and there is a problem that the water-stopping function is hard to rise rapidly when water leaks. Therefore, the present invention, which is a problem left in the clay-like plastic water-stopping material mainly composed of water-expandable bentonite, achieves the initial water-stopping function, and the performance of the above-mentioned conventional water-stopping materials. It is an object of the present invention to provide a further improved waterproof material.

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventor has paid attention to a recent clay-like plastic water-stopping material mainly composed of water-expandable bentonite. In the water material, by expanding it and compounding a rhombus, a hexagonal shape, or a mesh-like body (regulating material) of a shape similar to this, the expansion force in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the plastic bentonite material is increased and the initial stop It was found that the water function can be improved and the expansion stress can be remarkably stabilized, and the present invention has been completed based on this finding.

That is, according to the present invention, (1) a water-swelling plastic material containing a clay mineral having water-swelling property is combined with a control material which does not extend in the longitudinal direction but expands in the lateral direction. Water-stopping material characterized in that, (2) the water-stopping material according to item (1), wherein the adjusting material is a mesh, and (3) the water-stopping material for concrete joints (1) or (2). The water blocking material is provided.

[0007]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The water-swellable plastic material used in the present invention is not particularly limited, but is plastic (it can be transformed into an arbitrary shape at room temperature) itself, and swells by absorbing water.
Any material having a degree of swelling sufficient to close the seams of concrete and waterproof it against water pressure may be used. This is as follows, for example. As the water-swellable plastic material containing a water-swellable mineral used in the present invention, a water-swellable mineral is uniformly dispersed in a non-aqueous gel,
Examples of the water blocking material having plasticity include those obtained mainly from a water-swelling mineral, a non-aqueous liquid and an arbitrary gelling agent. Examples of the water-swelling clay mineral include smectite-based clay minerals such as bentonite, saponite, and hectorite, and swelling mica. These may be natural or synthetic, and may be unmodified or modified to be lipophilic. Furthermore, one kind may be used alone, or two or more kinds may be mixed.
Bentonite is particularly preferable because it is a naturally occurring inorganic clay, which is excellent in safety and can be retained for a long period of time without being decomposed by microorganisms in the soil.

As the non-aqueous liquid, for example, mineral oil, aromatic hydrocarbon oil, aliphatic hydrocarbon oil, etc. can be used. These may be natural or synthetic, and
You may use individually or in mixture of 2 or more types. From the viewpoint of long-term stability of the waterproofing material, mineral oil that is not easily decomposed by microorganisms is preferably used. In addition, the amount of the gelling agent used can be suppressed to a small amount by selecting a non-aqueous liquid having high viscosity. The gelling agent may be any gelling agent which is usually used for gelling or thickening non-aqueous liquids, including paraffin wax, metal salts of fatty acids, and magnesium silicate. There is no limit. In the present invention, it is preferable from the viewpoint of thermal stability that a gelled base oil is prepared by adding a hydroxide or oxide of a metal (preferably an alkaline earth metal) together with a fatty acid to the oil and reacting the oil.

The water blocking material using the gelled base oil will be described in more detail. Specific examples of the metal hydroxide or oxide used for the gelled base oil include calcium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, and the like. Calcium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide are preferable, and calcium hydroxide is particularly preferable. As the oil used as the gelled base oil, at least one selected from the group consisting of mineral oil, natural or synthetic aromatic hydrocarbon oil, and natural or synthetic aliphatic hydrocarbon oil is used. Of these, mineral oil is preferred,
More preferred specific examples include highly aromatic mineral oils. Since mineral oil is not easily decomposed by microorganisms, long-term stability can be imparted to the waterproof material by adding mineral oil. As the fatty acid, various conventionally known fatty acids can be used, but higher fatty acids, for example, saturated or unsaturated fatty acids having about 10 to 40 carbon atoms in one molecule are preferable. Examples thereof include lauric acid, stearic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid and ricinoleic acid. Among these, saturated fatty acids having about 10 to 30 carbon atoms in one molecule are more preferable, and lauric acid, stearic acid and palmitic acid are particularly preferable. The reaction for forming the gelled base oil can be carried out by heating, and the reaction temperature is not particularly limited, but is preferably 70 ° C or higher, more preferably 90 ° C or higher. The reaction time is not particularly limited, and may be any time as long as gelation proceeds sufficiently.

The gelled base oil is blended in the waterproofing material in an amount of 10 to 60% by weight, preferably 20 to 50% by weight, more preferably 25 to 40% by weight. The oil and fatty acid in the gelled base oil are usually 10 to 10 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the oil.
0 parts by weight, preferably 25 to 80 parts by weight, more preferably 40 to 65 parts by weight. The amount of the metal hydroxide or oxide used is not particularly limited as long as it is an amount sufficient to convert the fatty acid into a metal salt. Usually, a metal hydroxide or oxide is used in a stoichiometric amount with a fatty acid, but a fatty acid and a metal hydroxide or oxide may be used so that one of them is in a slight excess with respect to the other. . Specifically, the amount of the metal hydroxide or oxide used is preferably 0.5 to 2 equivalents with respect to the fatty acid, as the amount converted by the metal.
More preferably, it is 0.8 to 1.5 equivalents. This water-stopping material is preferably used because oil imparts lipophilicity and fatty acid and metal hydroxide or oxide impart plasticity.

The mixing ratio of these is appropriately determined depending on the selected components and the desired performance of the water blocking material, but preferably 40 to 90% by weight, preferably 50 to 8% by weight of the clay.
0% by weight, more preferably 60 to 75% by weight is used.
Further details are described in Japanese Patent Application No. 6-330467. Also, those described in JP-A-55-42291 can be used.

The adjusting material used in the present invention has a characteristic that it does not extend in the longitudinal direction and can easily be extended in the lateral direction. There are no particular restrictions on the material and manufacturing method of this adjusting material, but for example, appropriate regular discontinuous slits may be provided in the longitudinal direction of the polymer film, or the longitudinal single fibers of the strand fiber cloth may be regularly and partially formed. A net can be manufactured by welding. Further, in the case where the bentonite material having plasticity is simultaneously compounded on the outer circumference, a braided cylindrical net or a knitting process in which the angle of the braider fiber is minimized is performed. A water-soluble material may be used as the composite fiber material.

An example of the method for producing the water blocking material of the present invention will be explained. A water swelling plastic material is hung down in the tubular adjusting material while being axially tensioned to form a composite material. You can This tubular adjusting material restricts the axial extension of the composite water blocking material during construction and enhances construction reliability. At the same time, since this tubular adjusting material has a property that it can be easily expanded in the circumferential direction (direction perpendicular to the axis), it suppresses the expansion of bentonite in the axial direction and expands it only in the circumferential direction.
The uniform expansion surface pressure required for stable water stoppage of the concrete joint can be concentrated on the joint.

The shape and size of the water blocking material of the present invention are not particularly limited. Usually, rod, square, plate, tape, etc.
Any shape is acceptable. The water-stopping material of the present invention can take various product forms as an embodiment. For example, a composite of the water-swellable material with the adjusting material, a material of the adjusting material coated with a water-swelling plastic material (spread), and a water-stopping material formed into a spiral shape (for example, FIG. 4). , A tensile strength core material (6) is provided in the core of a water-swelling plastic material, and the adjusting material is compounded on the outer periphery thereof (for example, FIG. 5). Note that FIG.
5, the same symbols as in FIG. 1 indicate the same things. Further, in the horizontal production system for producing this water blocking material, it is possible to increase the take-up speed by utilizing the tension which does not extend in the take-up direction. Also, if a vertical manufacturing system is used, the vertically extruded plastic material can be efficiently drooped into the tubular adjusting material and compounded while applying tension. Furthermore, if a braiding and knitting type braiding machine is used, it is possible to further increase the production speed by adjusting the tension of the yarn. In this case, if necessary, a tensile strength material that suppresses axial elongation can be used as the core of the water-swellable plastic material. Therefore, the water blocking material of the present invention can not only ensure the stability of the performance and the improvement of the workability, but also improve the productivity of itself.

[0015]

The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the illustrated embodiments, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Example 1 FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of an example of a water blocking material according to the present invention. The rod-shaped bentonite plastic material (1) has on its outer peripheral surface a regulating material (2) which does not extend in the longitudinal direction but easily extends in the lateral direction and has a mesh shape. (3) is adjusting material (2)
(5) is a rhombic space. The bentonite-based plastic material (1) (diameter 20 mm) is water-expanded so as to fill the gap between the existing concrete surface and the splice concrete surface through this space (5) and momentarily 1
It was confirmed that the next stoppage of water and the initial leakage from the spliced joint could be made almost zero. It is considered that this is because the expansion of the water blocking material in the length direction is blocked, the expansion force in that direction is added to the expansion force in the direction perpendicular to the axis, and the expansion force is concentrated in the lateral direction.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing the basic structure of the adjusting material (2) suitable for use in the present invention in a state of contraction.
In this (2), the longitudinal fibers (4) are formed at a constant interval and are partially joined in a state of being shifted by a half pitch to form a connecting portion (3). The adjusting material (2) used in this example had a welded portion pitch of 10 mm. It does not extend in the AA 'direction due to the tensile strength of the longitudinal fibers, and freely extends in the BB' direction by expanding the rhombic space area.

FIG. 3 shows a state of the adjusting material (2) when the bentonite-based plastic material is water-expanded by contacting the water blocking material (1) with water. At this time, (2) is restricted by the tensile strength in the AA 'direction, and the expansion stress of the plastic bentonite material is B-
Focused on B'direction. According to the test, the water-stopping material (1) instantaneously performs the primary water-stopping in the gap of the concrete splicing joint, and the water level, without inhibiting the water expansion function of the plastic bentonite (1). It was confirmed that the water-stop performance that can withstand a water pressure of 10 m can be maintained for a long period of time, and long-term reliability can be improved.

[0018]

The water blocking material of the present invention has the following excellent effects. (A) It can be applied to concrete joints and the like to increase lateral shear stress, stabilize initial water stoppage, and ensure long-term stability in waterproofing groundwater having a high water level. (B) The improvement of the workability against the deterioration of the waterproof performance due to the use of a reinforcing material, a binder, etc., which was difficult to solve conventionally, can be significantly improved by the axial tension of the adjusting material and the free water expansion retention in the outer peripheral direction. The construction stability and construction efficiency can be improved. (C) Further, in the water blocking material of the present invention, the water swelling plastic material and the adjusting material can be easily attached by utilizing the lateral expandability,
The productivity of the waterproof material can be remarkably increased, and the production cost can be significantly reduced. The water-stopping material of the present invention can be used for various purposes for the purpose of water-stopping and waterproofing, but in particular, the workability of the pour joint of the concrete structure and the utilization effect for ensuring long-term reliability over time. Is large, the basement or water tank of the structure, etc., the waterproofing of the cement cement joint of the structure that requires initial and long-term waterproofing,
Suitable for waterproofing.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a manufacturing method of an embodiment of a water blocking material of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a basic structural diagram of a control material used in one embodiment of the water blocking material of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a state diagram of the adjusting material used in one embodiment of the water blocking material of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of another example of the water blocking material of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of another example of the water blocking material of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 plastic water blocking material 2 control material 3 fiber connecting part of control material 4 fiber 5 mesh of control material

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Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A water-stopping composition comprising a water-swelling plastic material containing a clay mineral having water-swelling property, and a control material which does not expand in the longitudinal direction but expands in the lateral direction. Material. 2. The water blocking material according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting material is a mesh. 3. The waterproof material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the waterproof material is for a concrete pour joint.