JPH09217774A - Hydraulic shock absorber - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To optimize a hydraulic shock absorber in loading on a vehicle such as a four-wheel vehicle, a motorcycle, and a special bicycle by facilitating manufacture, improving durability, making it favorable in loading on the vehicle, and adjusting the car height. SOLUTION: A damper D in a hydraulic shock absorber, having such the tension degree as to be extended by the external force action against spring force and to be compressed by spring force is set to such the compression degree as to cause damping force having the specified magnitude when a piston rod body 2 retreated in a cylinder body 1 against spring force of a spring S composed of a compression spring is projected from the cylinder body 1, the base end of the cylinder body 1 is set on the attaching part A on one end side in the hydraulic shock absorber, on the other hand, the other end of a connecting structure 10 whose one end is connected to the base end of the piston rod body 2 is so positioned as to be adjacent to the attaching part A and is set to the attaching part B on the other end side in the hydraulic shock absorber.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improvement of a hydraulic shock absorber mounted on a vehicle such as a four-wheeled vehicle, a motorcycle, a special bicycle or the like and absorbing vibration input to the running vehicle.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there have been various proposals for a hydraulic shock absorber mounted on a vehicle such as a four-wheeled vehicle, a motorcycle, or a special bicycle to absorb vibration input during traveling. Most of them are constructed in a so-called compression structure in which a predetermined amount of damping force is generated when the piston rod that is immersed in the cylinder against the spring force is projected from the cylinder by the spring force. Has been done.

On the other hand, when the piston rod protruding from the inside of the cylinder against the spring force is retracted into the cylinder by the spring force, a damping force of a predetermined magnitude is generated. There are quite a few proposals for hydraulic shock absorbers that are structured.

According to this pull-free hydraulic shock absorber,
For example, when a link mechanism is adopted for the suspension structure of the rear wheels in a motorcycle and the hydraulic shock absorber for the rear wheels, that is, the shock absorber is a so-called single shock, it is advantageous in terms of space for mounting. It is supposed to be.

Therefore, for example, proposals have been made for a hydraulic shock absorber that can be pulled freely according to Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 60-7340 or Japanese Patent Publication No. 62-48103. Problems such as are pointed out.

First, in the hydraulic shock absorbers according to any of the above proposals, the so-called damper is set to be in the most compressed state when no external force is applied,
Further, the damper is set to have a so-called gas chamber that is separated so that a damping force of a predetermined magnitude is generated when the damper is compressed by a spring force.

Therefore, in the damper, the gas pressure in the gas chamber becomes the highest state at the time of maximum compression. Therefore, when gas is supplied to the gas chamber when the damper is in the state of maximum compression due to the spring force. Then, there is a problem that an extremely high gas pressure is required.

Next, the hydraulic shock absorbers according to any of the above-mentioned proposals have bump members that exhibit a cushioning effect. However, in the proposal according to Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 60-7340. However, since the bump member is always in pressure contact with the opposite portion when the external force is not applied, the so-called deterioration is accelerated and the durability cannot be expected.

On the other hand, in the proposal of Japanese Patent Publication No. 62-48103, the bump member is configured to be pressed into contact with the other facing portion only when an external force is applied, and the above-mentioned anxiety about deterioration is a concern. However, since the bump member is arranged in the cylinder that constitutes the damper, the effective area of the bump member tends to be set small, so that a predetermined cushioning effect cannot be obtained and durability is improved. However, there is a problem that you can not expect it.

Further, in the hydraulic shock absorbers according to any of the above-mentioned proposals, the mounting portions on the vehicle body side or the axle side of the vehicle are dispersed at both ends of the hydraulic shock absorbers, so that the mounting on the vehicle body side is performed. There is a problem that the length between the portion and the mounting portion on the axle side, that is, the mounting length cannot be made shorter than the entire length of the hydraulic shock absorber in the most compressed state.

As a result, for example, as described above, the link mechanism is adopted in the suspension structure of the rear wheels of the motorcycle,
In addition, when the hydraulic shock absorber for the rear wheel, that is, the shock absorber is a so-called single shock, it cannot always be said that it becomes advantageous in terms of space for mounting.

Further, in the hydraulic shock absorbers according to any of the above proposals, the vehicle height can be adjusted by changing the initials of the springs in the hydraulic shock absorbers mounted on the actual vehicle, or the springs can be adjusted. Due to the initial change, the damper cannot be replaced with one having a different damping characteristic so that the vehicle height can be adjusted while keeping the damping ratio constant.

The present invention was devised in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and an object thereof is that it is easy to manufacture and has excellent durability, is advantageous in mounting on a vehicle, and adjusts the vehicle height. It is also possible to provide a hydraulic shock absorber that is optimal for mounting on a vehicle such as a four-wheeled vehicle, a motorcycle, or a special bicycle.

[0014]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the structure of the present invention is extended by an external force acting against a spring force while being compressed by the spring force and a damper during the compression. Is a hydraulic shock absorber that is set to a pulling force to generate a predetermined damping force by means of which the damper causes the piston rod body, which is retracted into the cylinder body, to project from the cylinder body against the spring force. In addition to being set as a compression that generates a damping force of a predetermined magnitude, the base end of the cylinder body is set to the mounting portion on the one end side, while the one end is connected to the base end of the piston rod body. It is assumed that the other end of the connecting structure is set to the other end side attachment part positioned so as to be adjacent to the one end side attachment part.

More specifically, a damper having a spring which is a compression spring as an interlocking structure is slidably included under the distribution of the bush so that one end of the damper is connected to the base end of the piston rod body. The tubular body comprises a tubular body having the other end extending toward the base end side of the cylinder body, and the other end of the tubular body is provided with a mounting bracket that forms a mounting portion on the other end side. A mounting portion on the one end side that is the base end of the cylinder body is present on the inner peripheral side of the cylinder, and a long hole is formed in the tubular body in the operating direction of the damper to expose the mounting portion on the one end side. While being formed, one end of the spring is locked to one end side of the tubular body and the other end is locked to the cylinder body via a spring receiver.

Further, a bracket having a connecting structure continuously connected to the base end of the piston rod body, and a pair of brackets having one end rotatably connected to the bracket and the other end extending toward the base end side of the cylinder body. Connecting rods, and a mounting bracket that is connected to each of the other ends of the pair of connecting rods to form a mounting portion on the other end side. The pair of connecting rods has a base end of a cylinder body. A guide member connected to a mounting portion on one end side is movably connected, and one end of a spring made of a compression spring interposed in a damper is locked to the bracket side and the other end is a cylinder body. It is assumed that it is locked via a spring bridge.

[0017]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on the illustrated embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the hydraulic shock absorber according to the embodiment of the present invention has a spring force of a spring S. The spring S while being extended by the action of an external force against
Is compressed by the spring force of the
Is configured to generate a predetermined damping force, and like the conventional hydraulic shock absorber described above, the pulling force is set.

However, in the present invention, the hydraulic shock absorber is configured by setting the damper D as a compression, and the damper D resists the spring force of the spring S which is a compression spring and is a cylinder body. The piston rod body 2 immersed in the spring S
It is set so that a predetermined damping force is generated when the cylinder 1 is projected from the inside of the cylinder 1 by the spring force.

On the other hand, in the hydraulic shock absorber, the base end, which is the right end in the figure of the cylinder body 1 in the damper D, is set to the mounting portion A on the one end side, while the diagram of the piston rod body 2 in the damper D is shown. The other end of the linking structure 10, one end of which is connected to the base end that is the left end, is set as the attachment portion B on the other end side that is positioned so as to be adjacent to the attachment portion A on the one end side.

That is, in the connecting structure 10, a damper D interposing a spring S made of a compression spring is slidably included under the distribution of the bush 4, and one end, which is the left end in the drawing, of the piston rod body 2. It is provided with a cylindrical body 11 that is connected to the base end and that has the other end, which is the right end in the drawing, extends to the base end side of the cylinder body 1.

In the connecting structure 10, a mounting bracket 12 which forms the mounting portion B on the other end side is continuously provided at the other end of the tubular body 11, and a cylinder body is provided on the inner peripheral side of the tubular body 11. The mounting portion A on the one end side, which is the base end of 1, is present.

Incidentally, a mounting collar 13 which allows insertion of a member to be connected (not shown) is fitted to the mounting bracket 12, and a mounting collar 14 is also fitted to the mounting portion A on the one end side. Has been done.

The connecting structure 10 has a so-called pair of left and right elongated holes 15, 15 which are opened in the tubular body 11 in the operation direction of the damper D to expose the mounting portion A on the one end side.
The mounting portion A on the one end side is exposed to each of the elongated holes 15, that is, in the illustrated embodiment, the mounting collar 1 is provided.
Both ends of 4 are supposed to be present.

Incidentally, one end of the spring S, which is the left end in the figure, is locked to the one end side of the cylindrical body 11 under the distribution of the spring receiver 5, and the other end is continuously provided to the cylinder body 1. It is locked to a spring support 6 that covers the bush 4.

In the illustrated embodiment, the spring receiver 6 is continuously provided on the outer periphery of the bracket member 7 that fixedly holds the base end side of the cylinder body 1. In the figure, the base end, which is the right end, is provided with a bracket portion 7a that constitutes the mounting portion A on the one end side and into which the mounting collar 14 is fitted.

Therefore, in the hydraulic shock absorber according to this embodiment formed as described above, the attachment portion A on one end side is connected to, for example, the axle side (not shown) of the vehicle, while When the mounting portion B on the end side is connected to the vehicle body side (not shown) of the vehicle, vibration from the road surface on which the vehicle travels is expanded and contracted, that is, when the hydraulic shock absorber is compressed, the damper D is It can be absorbed by performing a stretching operation to generate a predetermined damping force.

In this case, in the hydraulic shock absorber, the mounting portion A on one end side and the mounting portion B on the other end side are arranged so as to be concentrated on one end side of the hydraulic shock absorber. Because
The length between the mounting portion A on the one end side and the mounting portion B on the other end side, that is, the mounting length is shorter than the entire length of the hydraulic shock absorber in the most compressed state. It is advantageous in terms of space when mounting the hydraulic shock absorber on the vehicle.

That is, in the conventional hydraulic shock absorber described above, the mounting portions on the vehicle body side and the axle side are distributed and arranged at both ends in the expansion / contraction direction of the hydraulic shock absorber. In the hydraulic shock absorber according to the present invention, since the hydraulic shock absorbers are provided so as to be concentrated on the one end side, the above-described mounting length is shortened and the mountability on the vehicle is excellent.

In the hydraulic shock absorber, the spring S
Is used as a compression spring and the damper D is set to be compression-free, so that the damper D is in the most extended state when no external force is applied. Therefore, although not shown, the damper D
Is set to have a separated gas chamber, the gas supply to the gas chamber does not require an extremely high gas pressure.

The bump member 3 in the damper D is also used.
Is set so that when the damper D is maximally compressed by the external force acting against the spring force of the spring S, the damper D is pressed against another portion, that is, the cylinder body 1 to exert a cushioning effect. Since it can be set so as to be arranged on the base end side which is the left side in the figure of the piston rod body 2 which is outside of the above, the bump member 3 is resistant to deterioration as compared with the case where the bump member 3 is constantly pressed against other parts. There is no fear, and the diameter of the bump member 3 can be set large to increase the effective area, so that a predetermined cushioning effect can be surely obtained.

FIG. 2 shows a hydraulic shock absorber according to another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the suspension structure of the spring S and the connecting structure 10 are mainly modified. However, other configurations of the damper D and configurations related thereto are basically the same as those of the above-described embodiment.

Therefore, where the structure is the same as that of the above-described embodiment, the same reference numerals are allotted to the drawings, and the description thereof will be omitted unless necessary.
In the following, the features of this embodiment will be mainly described.

That is, in the hydraulic shock absorber according to this embodiment, the connecting structure 10 includes a bracket 16 connected to the base end of the piston rod body 2, which is the right end in the figure, and one end of the bracket 16. Are connected so that their positions can be changed, and the other end extends to the base end side which is the left end side in the figure of the cylinder body 1, and each of the pair of connection rods 17 and 17. And a mounting bracket 12 that is connected to the other end and forms a mounting part B on the other end side. The mounting bracket 12 forms the mounting part B on the other end side of the hydraulic shock absorber. There is.

It is needless to say that the mounting portion B on the other end side is positioned so as to be adjacent to the mounting portion A on the one end side which is the base end of the cylinder body 1.

Incidentally, the connecting structure of the bracket 16 and the connecting rod 17 in the illustrated embodiment is such that while the threaded portion 17a of the connecting rod 17 is inserted through the through hole 16a of the bracket 16, the connecting structure is formed. This is based on a double nut structure in which nuts 18, which are screwed to sandwich the bracket 16 from both directions on the threaded portion 17a of the rod 17, are tightened and fixed from both directions.

Further, the mounting bracket 12 and the connecting rod 1
In the embodiment shown in the drawings, the connection structure with the connection bracket 7 is not shown.
The lock nut structure is configured to be screwed onto the screw and to bring the screwed state into a fixed state using the nut 18.

On the other hand, the connecting structure 10 is capable of moving the guide member 8 connected to the pair of connecting rods 17, 17 to the mounting portion A on the one end side which is the base end of the cylinder body 1, that is, the guide member 8. The connecting rods 17 are connected to each other through the through holes 8a formed at both ends of the member 8.

The guide member 8 has a bracket portion 7a formed at the proximal end of the bracket member 7 for fixedly holding the mounting portion A on the one end side, that is, the proximal end side of the cylinder body 1 in the central portion. It is connected.

Incidentally, the bracket member 7 is the cylinder body 1.
The base end side of the bracket D may be set so as to be held so-called separably. In this case, as described later, the damper D is separated from the connecting rod 17 by the bracket 16 to separate the damper D. Can be separated from 7.

By the way, in the illustrated embodiment,
The spring receiver 6 that locks the other end, which is the left end in the drawing, of the spring S, which is a compression spring interposed in the damper D, is screwed to the threaded portion 1 a formed on the outer periphery of the cylinder body 1. For example, it is set so as to be movable in the axial direction of the cylinder body 1, that is, in the expansion / contraction direction of the damper D, when rotated by manual operation.

Therefore, in the hydraulic shock absorber according to this embodiment formed as described above, the attachment portion A on one end side is connected to, for example, the axle side (not shown) of the vehicle, while With the so-called mounted state in which the mounting portion B on the end side is connected to the vehicle body side (not shown) of the vehicle, the spring receiver 6 is moved in the expansion / contraction direction of the damper D on the outer periphery of the cylinder body 1 to initialize the spring S. Therefore, the spring force can be changed according to the magnitude of the load on the hydraulic shock absorber.

Also, in this embodiment, the connecting rod 1
On the condition that the threaded portion 17a of No. 7 is set to be somewhat long, the connecting position between the bracket 16 and the connecting rod 17 can be changed in the axial direction of the connecting rod 17 in the mounted state. By changing the connecting position, the bracket 1
It is possible to change the support position of the spring S locked to the spring receiver 5 in the direction of expansion and contraction of the damper D.

As a result, in this embodiment, in the hydraulic shock absorber, the initial of the spring S can be changed, and at this time, the expansion / contraction stroke of the damper D is also changed in accordance with the change of the initial of the spring S. It will be possible to change.

The cylinder body 1 is attached to the bracket member 7
In the case where the bracket 16 is detachably held, the damper D can be separated from the bracket member 7 by separating the bracket 16 from the connecting rod 17 in the mounted state as described above. For example, it becomes possible to replace the damper D with one having a different damping characteristic, and at this time, it is also possible to replace the spring S with another spring S having a different spring constant.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 as well, as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the gas chamber which the damper D has becomes advantageous in terms of space in mounting on the vehicle. Needless to say, it is not necessary to extremely increase the gas pressure supplied to the bump member 3 and the bump member 3 can be expected to have an effective cushioning effect.

[0046]

As described above, according to the present invention, since the mounting portions for the vehicle body side and the axle side are concentratedly provided on one end side of the hydraulic shock absorber, the mounting portion is of the hydraulic shock absorber. The installation length is shorter than the total length of the hydraulic shock absorber in the most compressed state, as compared with the case where the hydraulic shock absorber is dispersed at both ends in the expansion and contraction direction, and therefore, there is a space for installing the hydraulic shock absorber on the vehicle. It becomes advantageous, and the mountability on the vehicle is excellent.

Further, in the present invention, since the damper is set to be compression-free, it is in the most expanded state when no external force is applied, so that the damper is separated from the gas chamber. When it is set to the configuration having the above, extremely high gas pressure is not required in supplying the gas to the gas chamber.

Further, in the present invention, the bump member exerts a cushioning effect by being pressed against the other portion when the damper is maximally compressed by the external force action against the spring force of the spring made of the compression spring. Moreover, since it is arranged outside the cylinder body, there is no fear of deterioration as compared with the case where the bump member is constantly pressed against other parts, and the diameter of the bump member can be set large to be effective. By increasing the area, a predetermined cushioning effect can be surely obtained.

Further, according to the present invention, the spring receiver for locking the other end of the spring is provided on the outer circumference of the cylinder body,
That is, when it is possible to move in the expansion / contraction direction of the damper,
It is possible to change the initial of the spring by moving the spring receiver, and thus it is possible to change the spring force according to the magnitude of the load on the hydraulic shock absorber.

Further, in the present invention, the connecting position of the connecting rod and the bracket constituting the connecting structure is
On the condition that the threaded portion of the connecting rod is set to be long to some extent, the connecting position between the bracket constituting the connecting structure and the connecting rod is changed in the axial direction of the connecting rod with the hydraulic shock absorber attached. Therefore, by changing the connecting position, the support position of the spring that is locked under the distribution of the spring receiver in the bracket can be changed in the expansion and contraction direction of the damper, and the initial of the spring can be changed in the hydraulic shock absorber. With
At this time, the expansion / contraction stroke of the damper can be changed in accordance with the change of the initial of the spring.

When the cylinder body is detachably held by the bracket member, the damper can be detached from the bracket member in the mounted state by detaching the bracket from the connecting rod. , For example,
It is possible to replace the damper with one having a different damping characteristic, and at this time, it is also possible to replace the spring with another spring having a different spring constant.

As a result, according to the present invention, it is easy to manufacture, has excellent durability, is advantageous in mounting it on a vehicle, and also makes it possible to adjust the vehicle height. There is an advantage that it is most suitable for mounting on the vehicle.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a part of an oil pressure damper according to an embodiment of the present invention in an elevation view.

FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view showing a hydraulic shock absorber according to another embodiment of the present invention, similar to FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Cylinder body which constitutes a damper 2 Piston rod body which constitutes a damper 4 Bushing 6 Spring receiver 8 Guide member 10 Connecting structure 11 Cylindrical body 12 Mounting bracket 15 Long hole 16 Bracket 17 Connecting rod A One end side mounting portion B The other end Side mounting part D damper S spring

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A hydraulic shock absorber, which is stretched by an external force acting against a spring force, is compressed by the spring force, and at the same time generates a predetermined damping force by a damper at the time of the compression. The damper is set to be compression-free so as to generate a damping force of a predetermined magnitude when the piston rod body retracted into the cylinder body is projected from the cylinder body by the spring force against the spring force. While the base end of the cylinder body is set to the attachment portion on the one end side, the other end of the connecting structure in which one end is connected to the base end of the piston rod body is adjacent to the attachment portion on the one end side. A hydraulic shock absorber, characterized in that it is set at a mounting portion on the other end side for positioning. 2. A damper in which a connecting structure is a compression spring is slidably included under the distribution of a bush, one end of which is connected to a base end of a piston rod body and the other end of which is a cylinder body. It is composed of a tubular body extending to the base end side, and a mounting bracket that forms a mounting portion on the other end side is connected to the other end of the tubular body, and a cylinder is provided on the inner peripheral side of the tubular body. On the other hand, a mounting portion on the one end side that is the base end of the body is made to exist, and a long hole is formed in the tubular body in the operation direction of the damper to expose the mounting portion on the one end side. The one end of the spring is locked to one end side of the tubular body and the other end is locked to the cylinder body via a spring receiver.
Hydraulic shock absorber 3. A bracket having a connecting structure continuously connected to a base end of a piston rod body, and a pair of brackets having one end rotatably connected to the bracket and the other end extending toward the base end side of the cylinder body. Connecting rods, and a mounting bracket that is connected to each of the other ends of the pair of connecting rods and forms a mounting portion on the other end side, and the pair of connecting rods has a base end of a cylinder body. A guide member connected to a mounting portion on one end side is movably connected, and one end of a spring made of a compression spring interposed in a damper is locked to the bracket side and the other end is a cylinder body. The hydraulic shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein the hydraulic shock absorber is engaged with the spring via a spring bridge.