JPH09207133A - Method and apparatus for volume contraction treatment of foamed polystyrol - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To simply obtain treated foamed polystyrol as a colorless solid reusable as it is without generating a problem in environment by allowing both of mechanical force such as compressing force or distortion force and the softening force and dissolving force by a vol. reducing soln. to coact. SOLUTION: Used foamed polystyrol lumps are introduced into a heated vol. reducing treatment apparatus 24. Used foamed polystyrol is a usual molded product and charged in a crusher 12 to be subjected to preparatory crushing 14, primary crushing 16 and secondary crushing 18 to be introduced into the heated vol. reducing treatment apparatus 24. The vol. reducing treatment apparatus consists of first and second vol. reducing containers 28, 32 and a vol. reducing soln. prepared by mixing the raw soln. from a raw soln. tank with water from a water tank is poured into the first vol. reducing container 28. The lumpy foamed styrol reduced in vol. and discharged from the second vol. reducing container 32 is molded into a molded product by a molding machine.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a volume reduction treatment method (volume reduction treatment) of expanded polystyrene (hereinafter also referred to as expanded polystyrene) and a processing apparatus, and in particular, after being used as a packaging material or the like. The bulky expanded polystyrene molded article that is no longer needed is simply and quickly processed to squeeze, swell and / or soften the gel to reduce its volume and volume, while the foamed part collapses and Collecting uncolored foamed styrene molding raw material, and in some cases,
The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus capable of recovering naphtha-like oil containing monomers and oligomers.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Foamed polystyrene molded products make use of various properties such as ease of molding, shape retention, lightness, good feel, heat insulation, elasticity buffering, corrosion resistance, and whiteness. It is produced and consumed in large quantities as a storage / transportation / cooking device for food, storage / transportation for fresh seafood and vegetables / fruits, as a packaging material for home appliances, etc., but it is discarded after use. If you try to do so, the corrosion resistance, lightness, shape retention, buffering properties, color, etc. will deteriorate, and separation and recovery will be incomplete, and it will not corrode spontaneously and will not wind up on the soil even if it is used for landfill, but the wind It floats due to water and water and is becoming a social problem today. In order to solve this problem, many waste disposal techniques for expanded polystyrene moldings have been proposed, for example, a method of incineration, a method of compressing and crushing by applying high pressure, a method of melting and reducing, and the like. Of course, among these,
Those that carry out an additional treatment operation for reuse of treated polystyrene (hereinafter also referred to as polystyrene) or use as a heat source, those that apply pressure and heat at the same time, and carbonization operation together It also includes modification techniques such as. However, the incineration of polystyrol is accompanied by the generation of a large amount of black smoke, fine carbon particles, malodor, or carbon monoxide due to incomplete combustion when the amount of air supplied is insufficient, and
It is well known that if the complete combustion is easily accomplished by forced air blowing, high heat is generated during incineration and the life of the incinerator is shortened. For example, JP-A-50-8467
No. 2 discloses a method and apparatus for thermally decomposing expanded polystyrene waste, in which the expanded polystyrene waste is mixed and dissolved in thermally decomposed oil at room temperature, and then the solution is introduced into a thermally decomposed reaction can and thermally decomposed. Then, the generated gas is cooled to be oiled, and the cooled oil is mixed with foam polystyrene waste again as pyrolysis oil. Although a thermal decomposition apparatus for achieving the above is described, the method and the apparatus are large and complicated, and cannot be easily installed at any time and anywhere. On the other hand, in the method of compressing and crushing by applying a high pressure, the volume-reduced polystyrene is generally colored by heat and contains a decomposed product, so that the reuse tends to be difficult. Further, since the melting method involves high temperature treatment, there is a danger in operation and a problem of generation of a bad odor remains. It is also conceivable to dissolve it in a solvent to reduce the volume. Further, it is advantageous to use a heating operation together. It is also conceivable to use the product as a raw material for liquid fuel. In any case, the solvent is, for example, a natural product that has a high affinity with expanded polystyrene and can be subjected to volume reduction, swelling or dissolution treatment well, and is harmless in the environment and does not require waste liquid treatment. Is desirable.
If possible, the cosolvent is preferably water or a water-miscible harmless solvent. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-115334 discloses a method for treating a foamed molded article using a solvent, in which a synthetic resin is dissolved in an organic solvent, the resulting solution is heated and concentrated, and then the concentrated solution is mixed with a synthetic resin component. A method of separating from a solvent and further adsorbing the solvent to recover is described, and JP-A-53-53
No. 19386, a first step of dissolving styrofoam waste in a chlorinated hydrocarbon solvent, in particular, trichlorethylene to which an alkaline stabilizer is added, and the solution is concentrated under heating and / or under reduced pressure. A method for treating styrofoam waste, which comprises a step of drying and recovering a solvent and concentrating or solidifying a styrol component, is described. In JP-A-6-63530, waste foamed plastic or the like is used as a belt. It is described that the volume of the waste foamed plastic or the like is sprinkled with a vegetable oil heated to 110 ° C. to 180 ° C. to reduce the volume in the course of the transfer step on a conveyor, and it is used in JP-A-6-256704. It is described that dissolved Styrofoam is dissolved in a mixed solution of toluene, methyl cellosolve, isobutyl acetate, butyl acetate, and colored for treatment. In Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 50-144780, gasoline and wastewater treatment sludge are used, and the foam polystyrene is collapsed and softened by sprinkling gasoline on the waste foam polystyrene to make it into a starch syrup form. A metal hydroxide (hydrate of gold, chromium, iron, tin, etc.) having a small solubility product, or a precipitate obtained by aggregating an aqueous solution of berberic acid with zinc sulfate to give a water content of 70
A method for producing an aqueous emulsion of polystyrene by kneading with ~ 80% gel-like sludge is described, and JP-A-5-138146 discloses a waste polystyrene foam at a temperature of 100 ° C or lower at various temperatures. Oils such as beef tallow, lard, fish oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, castor oil, olive oil, cottonseed oil and other vegetable oils, petroleum, machine oil, spindle oil, benzine, naphtha and other mineral oils, or benzene ring, naphthalene Derivatives of various aromatic compounds having a ring or the like, for example, chlorobenzene, benzyl chloride, styrene monomers, etc. are used, and when a flexible product can be obtained, a plasticizer such as benzoic acid ester or phthalic acid is used. Ester, terephthalic acid ester, isophthalic acid ester, biphenyl dicarboxylic acid ester, trimellitic acid Acid ester, pyromellitic acid ester, naphthalenecarboxylic acid ester, naphthalene dicarboxylic acid ester, cyclohexanecarboxylic acid ester, cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid ester, phosphoric acid ester, fatty acid ester, adipic acid ester, oxyacid ester, chlorinated paraffin, chlorinated A plasticizer such as a biphenyl compound, an alkylnaphthalene, and a shau brain is dipped in an oil-in-water type [O / W type] emulsion which is used alone or in combination with the above oils, and if necessary, it is compressed by mechanical force,
It is described that the volume of the waste polystyrene foam is reduced by breaking the air contained in the polystyrene foam. However, the method of dissolving in a solvent is also prone to the problems of flammability and toxicity of the solvent in addition to the problem of high cost, and thus the solvent treatment apparatus for expanded polystyrene waste can avoid such a problem. Must be Here, in order to take out polystyrene from the solvent, it is not necessary in some cases to completely dissolve it in the solvent, and the cumbersome and costly operation for removing the solvent is obviously inconvenient. Solid-liquid separation is generally easier to operate than liquid-liquid separation. Further, from the viewpoint of ease of the solid-liquid separation operation to be performed later, it is actually not very preferable to pulverize polystyrene more than necessary, for example, by rotating blades of a stirrer. Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-49455 discloses a fixed crushing means and a rotary crushing means for crushing a styrene foam molded body having a relatively large volume, a reaction tank for receiving a crushed styrene foam piece, and a reaction tank for storing a solvent, A stirring means installed in the reaction tank, a solvent transport pipe for spraying and discharging the solvent on the styrofoam pieces that have been crushed in the reaction tank, and a valve means for appropriately switching the transport state of the solvent transport pipe. And a temperature control device for controlling the temperature of the solution,
A styrene foam oily reduction device equipped with a scavenging means for discharging a toxic gas generated during a chemical reaction is described, but this device is an oily styrene foam molded product in a reaction tank storing a solvent. If it does not reduce the volume of expanded polystyrene by supplying only a small amount of solvent, it is harmless in the environment and does not require waste liquid treatment. Neither is it used with a co-solvent. JP-A-57-14
No. 79 discloses a method for swelling and dissolving swelling of polystyrene foam waste and a swelling and dissolution treating apparatus, wherein the waste plastic foam is methylene chloride, ethylene chloride, trichloroethylene, cyclohexane, a mixed solution of cyclohexane and acetone, and methylcyclohexane. , A mixture of methylcyclohexane and acetone, and put into a solvent such as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, tetrahydrofuran, etc. to swell, and when the foamable plastic waste is dissolved by the solvent, the gas trapped in the closed bubbles is removed. Collect,
The obtained mud-shaped shrinkable resin body is suspended in water so that it can be stored and transported in this state, and unreacted solvent is circulated and reused, while expanded polystyrene is recycled and used as a resource. A method is described, and as a device for this method, a vertical processing tank is erected upright, a solvent storage tank is installed above the tank, and a valve is opened and closed to enter the processing tank into the processing tank. A solvent such as methylene chloride is supplied, and the unreacted solvent after processing is circulated in the storage tank through a valve and a pump. The inlet is opened, and the inlet is airtightly closed by a slidable electric opening / closing lid, for example, on the upper surface of the processing tank, and inside the foam beads in the resin. Trapped gas A recovery line is provided, and an outlet is provided at the lower end of the processing tank to take out the mud-shaped shrinkage resin body swollen by the solvent, and the solvent is removed by pouring hot water etc. Take out the resin body,
Although a device for swelling expanded polystyrene waste is described, this device also processes expanded polystyrene products in a reaction tank that stores a solvent, and reduces the expanded polystyrene volume by only a small amount of solvent spraying. If not something,
Neither is it used which is harmless in the environment and does not require waste liquid treatment, for example, a solvent consisting of a natural product solvent and water or a water-miscible harmless cosolvent. Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 5-285467 discloses a melting chamber having a molded body inlet and a solvent inlet, a separation chamber communicating with the melting chamber, a condensing chamber, and a pipe for circulating a solubilized solvent to a solvent tank. A device for dissolving a molded body in a solvent, heating the resulting solution at a temperature lower than the boiling point of the solvent to substantially vaporize only the solvent, and separating the molded body constituent substance from the solvent. , The dissolution chamber for mixing the waste material of the molded body and the solvent to dissolve the waste material of the molded body in the solvent to generate a solution composed of the constituent material of the molded body and the solvent is , If necessary, through a clasher and a conveyor, an inlet for inserting the waste material to be processed, and an inlet for injecting a solvent from a solvent tank through a valve and a pipe by a pump from a solvent tank are dissolved in the solvent by vaporizing only the solvent. Molding The separation chamber for separating the constituent substances and the solvent is preferably provided with a heater, an exhaust port for carrying the vaporized solvent to the condensation chamber through the intake pipe, and a temperature control communicating with the heater. A device is provided, and in the lower part, a mass outlet for the substance forming the molded body is provided in which the substance constituting the molded body precipitates from the solution as a solid phase whose volume has been reduced. There is described a solvent treatment device for expanded polystyrene waste, which is provided with a cooler for accelerating the condensation of the solid solvent, but this also dissolves the expanded polystyrene molded product in the solvent storage tank. If it is not one that reduces the volume of polystyrene foam with only a small amount of solvent, it is composed of a natural solvent and water or a water-miscible harmless cosolvent that is harmless in the environment and does not require waste liquid treatment. The ones that use No. In Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 5-310991, an indenter is vertically movably installed inside a vertical cylindrical storage tank having an inlet for styrene foam waste plastic on the upper side, and the indenter is placed below the indenter. In addition, a required amount of non-combustible organic solvent having a large specific gravity and low solubility is retained, and an aqueous liquid layer is allowed to stay above the non-combustible organic solvent layer,
A solvent treatment device for expanded polystyrene waste, which is formed by forming two liquid layers having different specific gravities in a storage tank, also has similar disadvantages.

By the way, it has been publicly known that a foamed polystyrene is shrunk by using a natural product which has a high affinity for expanded polystyrene and can be swelled or dissolved well and is harmless in the environment as a expanded polystyrene solvent. . U.S. Pat. No. 5,223,543 describes the use of activated d-limonene drug in the form of a vapor to eliminate the problems due to the bulkiness of expanded polystyrene, and As shown in FIG. 7, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H5-263065 discloses d-limonene, isoamyl acetate,
Firing using a foamed polystyrene shrink agent (708) comprising a liquid composition containing at least one compound selected from benzyl propionate and ethyl butyrate, and optionally 1 to 6% by volume of ethanol with respect to the limonene. A device for shrinking polystyrene, which device comprises a charging hole (7) provided at the top of a container (700).
Foamed polystyrene block (7)
14) is crushed in advance by a crusher (702), and the obtained crushed material (714a) is collected by a hopper (703) and passed through a charge removing unit (704) to remove electricity, and an opening / closing shutter (705) is opened. The expanded polystyrene shrink agent (708) stored in the shrink agent storage tank (706) installed outside the container (700) is dropped from the shrink agent storage tank (706) to the nozzle ( A polystyrene composition (70), which is a mixture of expanded polystyrene shrink agent (708) and polystyrene obtained by injecting from the side of the container (700) through 707).
9) is placed at the bottom of the container (700), and a stirrer (710) for rapidly dissolving the crushed material (714a).
There is described a foamable polystyrene contraction device capable of being loaded on a vehicle, which is configured to be stored in a liquid storage tank (713) provided with. However, this device is of the dipping type in the shrinking agent and uses a value stirrer to force the expanded polystyrene to dissolve. The problems in such a device are as described above.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to improve the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and to have a high affinity for foamed polystyrene, which can be well reduced in volume (volume reduction).
In addition, since there is no problem of toxicity and it is harmless in the environment, there is no need for waste liquid treatment, for example, natural products are preferably used as a treating agent in the necessary minimum amount, and expanded polystyrene is used more than necessary, for example, a rotating blade of a stirrer. With this method, the treated expanded polystyrene can be easily obtained as a reusable colorless solid without being crushed in the liquid, for example, by reducing the volume, and a naphtha-like oil substance can be optionally treated. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and an apparatus for reducing the volume of expanded polystyrene that can be obtained from the already used gelled expanded polystyrene.

[0005]

[Means for Solving the Problems] As a result of diligent studies on reducing the volume of foamed polystyrene, in particular, on the harmless safe and reusable volume reduction of used foamed polystyrene, squeezing force and twisting By cooperating both mechanical force such as force and softening force and dissolving force by volume reducing solution under appropriate conditions, treated foamed polystyrene can be reused as it is without environmental problems. The present invention has been completed by finding that an efficient volume reduction can be easily achieved as a solid matter of the present invention. Here, the "appropriate conditions" more preferably include the correct temperature conditions.

Therefore, the above-mentioned object of the present invention is (1)
"Introducing a foamed polystyrene block into a warmed volume-reducing treatment unit, supplying at the front end of the unit a volume-reducing liquid consisting of an aqueous emulsion containing d-limonene and a surfactant and keeping it warm. While compressing and transferring the expanded polystyrene in the volume reduction processing device, a twisting force and / or a shearing force is applied to the expanded polystyrene supplied with the volume reducing liquid to collapse and reduce the expanded portion of the expanded polystyrene. (2) "Volume reduction method, characterized in that it includes respective operations for discharging the lump-shaped expanded polystyrene foam subjected to the volumetric treatment from the rear end of the volume reduction processing apparatus", (2) "volume reduction method" The method for reducing the volume of expanded polystyrene according to the above (1), comprising the step of discharging the treated blocky expanded polystyrene from the rear end of the volume reducing apparatus and then performing compression molding. , (3) " When discharging the foamed polystyrene of iodide treated bulk from the rear end of the reducer iodide processing device and /
Alternatively, the volume-reducing liquid of the foamed polystyrene is described in (1) or (2) above, which is characterized in that the volume-reducing liquid is recovered from the block-shaped foamed polystyrene when subjected to compression molding after discharge. Chemical treatment method ", (4)" The foamed polystyrene is crushed into a block of a used foamed polystyrene molded product, the block-shaped foamed polystyrene is crushed into a lump, and the lumped foamed polystyrene is further crushed. The method for reducing the volume of foamed polystyrene according to any one of (1), (2) or (3) above, characterized in that it is crushed into chips. )
"The source of the d-limonene is citrus oil, and the surfactant is one or more nonionic surfactants or a mixture of the nonionic surfactant and a small amount of anionic surfactant. The method for volume reduction treatment of expanded polystyrene according to any one of (1) to (4) above, (6) "wherein the volume reduction liquid is contained in a volume reduction treatment apparatus". When supplied to the introduced expanded polystyrene block, it is formed by mixing a volume-reduced liquid stock solution of d-limonene and a surfactant and water containing a surfactant, (1) to the method for volume-reducing expanded polystyrene according to any one of (5) above, (7) "the water containing the surfactant for forming the volume-reduced liquid, Be supplied to the volume reduction pretreatment process including the crushing process. The method for volume reduction treatment of expanded polystyrene according to any one of (1) to (6) above, (8) "the d-limonene was fractionated from the aqueous emulsion. Any one of the above (5) to (7), characterized in that d-limonene recovered from solidified / liquid separation and / or distillation from the volume-reduced gelled expanded polystyrene is used. Or the volumetric reduction method of expanded polystyrene ”described in (1), (9)
"The volume reducing solution contains citrus oil, an alkaline chemical, a surfactant and a stabilizer, and has a boiling point of about 150 ° C to 200 ° C, a freezing point of about 20 ° C to about 30 ° C, and about 35 ° C to 55 ° C.
Flash point of ℃, PH value of 8.5-13, 0.80-0.9
The reduced volume stock solution having a specific gravity of 2:
An O / W type emulsion obtained by mixing with water in a volume ratio of 0, which is sprayed in a state of being heated to 40 ° C to 80 ° C. Volume reduction treatment method ”, (10)“ Screw conveyor-like transfer volume reduction vanes are provided by connecting a plurality of cylindrical volume reduction vessels having different diameters in series, and the previous stage cylindrical volume reduction vessel is Has a structure in which the void portion is larger than the void portion in the subsequent cylindrical reduced container, the latter cylindrical reduced container has greater physical strength than the preceding cylindrical reduced container, and the outer surface of the cylindrical reduced container A heat-retaining means and / or a cooling means, and a chip-like expanded polystyrene introduction port at the front end of the preceding cylindrical reduced container of the plurality of cylindrical reduction containers, and heated in the vicinity of the expanded polystyrene introduction port. Volume-reducing liquid chip-like expanded polystyrene Volume reducing liquid spraying means for spraying to a container, a volume-reduced expanded polystyrene discharge outlet at the rear end of the cylindrical cylindrical container at the latter stage of the plurality of cylindrical cylindrical containers, and the volume reducing station. The expanded polystyrene foam volume reducing apparatus, characterized in that the expanded polystyrene foam outlet has a means for separating the reduced volume expanded polystyrene and the volume-reducing liquid at the rear of the completed expanded polystyrene outlet ”, (11 ) “A plurality of cylindrical reducing containers having different diameters have a larger diameter and a horizontally elongated first reducing container having a heat-retaining means on the outer surface, and a smaller one arranged in parallel or crosswise therebelow. A horizontally elongated second reducing container having a diameter and having cooling means on the outer surface,
The expanded polystyrene outlet at the rear end of the first reduced container and the expanded polystyrene inlet at the front end of the second reduced container are combined into an upright type, and are provided in the second reduced container. The rotational power of the second transfer volume-reducing vane is transmitted from the rotating shaft of the first transfer volume-reducing blade provided in the first volume-reducing container. ).

Further, the object of the present invention is (12) "The rotating shaft of the screw conveyor-like transfer volume-reducing blade is made thicker and stronger in the discharge port direction of the expanded polystyrene foam to be volume-reduced, and The spatial cross section formed by the front stage or the first transfer volume reduction vane is larger than the spatial cross section formed by the rear stage or the second transfer volume reduction vane, The rotation speed of the rotary shaft of the latter stage or the second transfer volume reduction blade can be changed with respect to the rotation speed of the rotation shaft of the first transport volume reduction blade. Or the expanded polystyrene volume reducing device according to (11) above,
(13) “The volume reducing liquid spraying means has a volume reducing liquid circulation system,
The volume-reduced liquid circulation system includes a volume-reduced liquid recovery tank for receiving the used volume-reduced volume-reduced liquid, a volume-reduced liquid tank for fresh volume-reduced liquid, and a volume-reduced liquid recovery tank used with the volume-reduced liquid recovery tank. Volume-reducing liquid mixing tank for mixing volume-reducing liquid with fresh volume-reducing liquid from the volume-reducing liquid tank, conduit between the volume-reducing liquid tank and the volume-reducing liquid mixing tank, volume-reducing liquid recovery (10), which basically comprises a conduit between a tank and the volume-reducing liquid mixing tank, and a conduit connecting the volume-reducing liquid mixing tank and the volume-reducing liquid spraying device. To the above (1
2) The expanded polystyrene volume reducing device according to any one of 2), and (14) "the volume reducing liquid spraying means further comprises:
Any one of the above (10) to (13), characterized in that it comprises a volume-reduced liquid stock solution supply means, a water supply means, and a means for mixing the volume-reduced liquid stock solution and the water. (15) “Amount of about 50 to 1100 g per 1 kg of expanded polystyrene, usually, for example, about 400 g of fresh volume-reducing liquid is reduced from the volume-reducing liquid tank. The expanded polystyrene volume reducing apparatus according to the above (14), characterized in that it is supplied to the volume reducing liquid spraying means together with the used recovered volume reducing liquid via a volume mixing tank. "Monitoring the exhaustion level of the used volume-reduced liquid circulating from the volume-reduced liquid recovery tank,
Volumetric foam polystyrene volume reduction according to (14) or (15) above, characterized in that a fresh volume-reducing liquid that compensates for the degree of fatigue consumption is replenished to the mixing tank based on monitored information. Apparatus, (17) "The exhaustion of the used volume-reducing liquid is detected by an increase in the electrical resistance of the used volume-reducing liquid. (18) "Volume reduction liquid circulation system, pump attached to the conduit, cock attached to the volume reduction liquid recovery tank, volume reduction liquid tank and volume reduction liquid mixing tank, volume reduction liquid" (14) The expanded polystyrene foam volume reducing device according to (14) or (17) above, which has a discharge pipe and a pump. C-80 C, preferably about 60
It is operated while being kept warm at about ℃
The heat retention temperature of the reduced container of (1) is lower than the heat retention temperature of the preceding stage or the first reduced container.
0), said (11), said (12) or said (13) foam polystyrene styrol volume reduction apparatus ", (20)" The heat retention means and / or the cooling means of the said cylindrical reduced container of several diameter different. The outside of the is covered with a heat insulating material, the expanded polystyrene volume reducing device according to (19) above, (21) "the volume reducing liquid tank and / or the volume reducing liquid mixing tank , Equipped with a heater for heating the volume-reducing liquid, wherein the volume-reducing liquid supplied to the volume-reducing liquid spraying device is heated and kept at about 40 ° C to 80 ° C, preferably about 60 ° C. The foam polystyrene foam volume reducing apparatus according to any one of (14) to (19) above, (22) "the volume reducing liquid tank and / or the volume reducing". The heat source of the heater attached to the liquid mixing tank is a cooling means for the reducing container. Characterized in that it comprises a et resulting heat source, the (14) 及至 foamed polystyrol volume reduction device according to any one of said (19) ", (23)
"The volume-reducing liquid tank has a means for separating the volume-reduced expanded polystyrene discharged from the second cylindrical volume-reducing container from the recovered volume-reducing liquid at the volume-reducing liquid receiving port, and further reducing the volume. Characterized in that it has a means for removing fine solids that are contaminated and suspended in the solution at the volume reducing solution outlet to the mixing tank,
The expanded polystyrene volume reducing device according to (21) above,
(24) "Expanded polystyrene foam volume reducing device according to (10), (11) or (14), characterized in that it comprises a foamed polystyrene crushing unit and a storage tank", (25) "A liquid material obtained by solid-liquid separation from a volume-reduced gelled styrofoam floating on the aqueous emulsion in a reduced container, and / or a volume-reduced foamed polystyrene styrene solid. Solid-
This is achieved by the expanded polystyrene foam volume reducing apparatus according to the above (11), further comprising a recovery means for recovering a naphtha-like oil substance from a liquid substance obtained by liquid separation.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail. The structure and function of the volumetric foam polystyrene volume reducing method and apparatus according to the present invention sufficiently reflect the properties of the volume reducing liquid used. Therefore, first, the volume reducing liquid to be used will be described.

The method and apparatus of the present invention have a high affinity with expanded polystyrene and can be subjected to a volume reduction treatment (hereinafter, also referred to as volume reduction treatment) well, and there is no problem of toxicity in the environment. Since it is harmless, a natural product that does not require waste liquid treatment is used as the volume-reducing component in the volume-reducing liquid. Preferably, d-limonene can be used, and further, terpenes and compounds having an isoprenoid structure that can be extracted from natural products are used as auxiliary component substances that make the present invention more effective when used in combination with d-limonene. be able to. Examples thereof include terpenes, compounds having an isoprenoid structure, and C ₁₀ H ₆ substance which is an oxidized derivative of camphor type C ₁₀ substance. The source of d-limonene may preferably be citrus oil. D-limonene is a main component of citrus oil obtained by extracting and purifying the juice obtained by pressing the skin of citrus fruit, and is contained in the citrus oil in a proportion of 80% to 90%. Other components of citrus oil are other terpene compounds, compounds having an isoprenoid structure which are C ₅ substances, C ₁₀ H ₆ which is an oxidized derivative of camphor type C ₁₀ substance, and the like. Therefore, it is preferred, but not necessarily essential, to use citrus oil. The fresher the citrus oil, the greater the activity against expanded polystyrene and the greater the volume reduction effect. Also, to this citrus oil, an alkaline chemical such as calcium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium hydrogencarbonate or the like is added in an amount not affecting the environment to adjust its PH value to 9 to 14. It can be further activated by adding a surfactant, for example, a nonionic surfactant such as polyalkylene glycol, or an anionic surfactant such as sodium alkylsulfonate and sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate. The citrus oil activated by addition of a surfactant or the like can be used for carrying out the present invention in the form of an aqueous solution or an aqueous emulsion.

In the present invention, the volume-reducing liquid that can achieve particularly good results is an emulsion of a treating agent (hereinafter also referred to as a volume-reducing liquid stock solution) and water. The treating agent contains citrus oil, alkaline leather, a surfactant, and a stabilizer, and the treating agent is about 150 to 200 ° C.
Boiling point of ℃, minus about 20 to 30 ℃, freezing point, about 35
Flash point of ℃ ~ 55 ℃, PH value of 10.5 ~ 13, 0.8
It has a specific gravity of 0 to 0.92. Such activated citrus oil is disclosed in detail in, for example, Japanese Patent Application No. 7-258316 related to our invention. This treating agent contains citrus oil, an alkaline chemical, a surfactant, a stabilizer and a coloring agent, and has a boiling point of about 177 ° C., minus 2
6 ° C freezing point, about 46 ° C flash point, about the same viscosity as water, 9.0. It has a PH value of ~ 12, a specific gravity of 0,86 at 25 ° C, a volatile component ratio of about 85%, and can be stored for about 2 years, but a detailed description thereof will be omitted here. .

Then, such a treating agent is added in an amount of 1: 0.5-
In the form of an O / W emulsion mixed with water in a volume ratio of 1:20, preferably 1: 1 to 1:10, more preferably 1: 2 to 1: 4, most preferably 1: 3. When the volume-reduced liquid is used in a state of being heated to about 40 ° C. to 80 ° C., usually about 60 ° C., fatigue of the volume-reduced liquid due to low concentration of d-limonene as an active ingredient, polystyro- Fatigue due to dissolution of the resin, for example, does not cause a significant increase in viscosity, and obtains a volume-treated block-shaped expanded polystyrene.
Depending on the volume-reduced treatment, if necessary, the gelled blocky polystyrene foam can be used to recover the used volume-reducing liquid by a solid-liquid separation operation, etc., and in some cases, subsequent heat treatment, preferably A naphtha-like oil substance can also be obtained by heat treatment in the presence of a small amount of an organic solvent such as a petroleum solvent. According to our investigation, the best results were obtained when an emulsion having a mixing ratio of 1: 2 to 1: 4 with water was heated to 60 ° C. and used.

On the other hand, when d-limonene is used for reducing the volume of expanded polystyrene in the undiluted state or in the state of high concentration O / W type emulsion close to it, a large amount of d-limonene is consumed. Will be. Further, such a high concentration of d-limonene has a drawback that it is highly flammable. From this point of view, it is desirable to use d-limonene in the form of a diluted O / W type emulsion as much as possible. It is impractical to use extremely diluted d-limonene O / W emulsions, which means a slow processing operation.

From this point of view, in the present invention, the O / W type emulsion in the above concentration range is adopted, and further, the reduction of the volume reducing ability due to the fact that it is not an extremely high concentration emulsion causes foaming. Expanding the contact surface area of polystyrene with the volume-reducing liquid (that is, increasing the contact surface area by more sufficient crushing of expanded polystyrene), volume-reducing temperature (warming) and / or volume reduction by applying physical pressure, etc. It has been avoided by adding all that extra promotional means for.

In a more powerful mode of use, for example, by spraying a large amount of the above-mentioned volume reducing solution and a high volume concentration of the volume reducing solution, or by spraying at a higher temperature, the polystyrene is more sufficiently gelled, or at an extreme level. In such a case, it can be dissolved, but in such a case, it becomes difficult to transfer and knead the polystyrene in the apparatus, and the recovered volume-reduced liquid is exhausted due to the dissolution of the polystyrene. Similar results are obtained when other solvents such as acetone are inadvertently used together. Further, when used under milder conditions, the speed of the volume reduction treatment becomes smaller.

The ultimate goal of the present invention is to obtain a volume-reduced product of expanded polystyrene having a volume reduced to about 2.5 to 20% of the original volume by collapsing the expanded part of the expanded polystyrene. Here, it should be noted that this volume reduction rate is a decrease after the apparent volume of a used expanded polystyrene molded article is once increased due to crushing. In some cases, a sticky, or even more viscous, bulk product can be obtained. As mentioned earlier,
The present invention uses an activated d-limonene-containing volume reducing solution, preferably in the form of a heated liquid, to produce expanded polystyrene-
The problem caused by the bulkiness of the package is solved without adversely affecting the environment. The activated d-limonene-containing volume reducing solution is particularly useful for carrying out the subsequent treatment of the volume-reduced volume-reduced expanded polystyrene under suitable conditions. Volume-reduced polystyrofoam obtained according to the invention
-A colorless recycled polystyrene that can be molded and reused-
It can be made into a solid material and can be pumped in the form of an appropriate slurry after being disentangled. Also, although it is not economically the best strategy, it burns a high calorific value fuel as an energy source. Can be jetted into many commercial furnaces for

After reducing the volume of the expanded polystyrene, a part of the volume-reducing liquid is consumed in association with the recycled polystyrene, and the balance becomes slightly fatigued. When used only in the form of steam, in the volume reduction process of foamed polystyrene using the volume reducing liquid, the volume reduction rate of foamed polystyrene becomes indefinite with the passage of time, and sometimes the volume reduction rate becomes too large. However, there is a problem that it becomes smaller and interferes with the progress of the processing operation,
The present invention solves this problem.

The volume-reducing solution containing d-limonene used in the present invention is the removed volume-reduced polystyrofoam.
-It can also be collected by the molding process of
It can be recovered from a plurality of recovery racks of a still having a multi-stage distillation rack, and most of d-limonene in the drug-reduced liquid is water and other organic matter by a combination of decantation and heat stripping operation. It can be reused in the form of an O / W emulsion without any separation or recovery. The d-limonene, which has been changed to a less active form, is environmentally safe and separation and recovery do not pose a health risk. In the present invention, this separation and recovery is not essential, but the d-limonene-containing volume reducing solution can be reactivated by heating. The scientific mechanism of reactivation is still unknown, and its elucidation is not the object of the present invention. The important point is that this reuse reduces the cost of using the d-limonene-containing volume reducing solution.

As described at the beginning, in the present invention, the foamed portion of the foamed polystyrene is more preferably heated at a warmed temperature by the action of the volume-reducing liquid containing d-limonene and the mechanical force. Collapsed under. d-Limonene is produced mainly from citrus fruits, not synthetic chemicals, and is therefore harmless to the environment, but the relatively large-cost volume-reducing liquid alone dissolves the foamed portion on an industrial scale, that is, volume reduction. This results in a very large consumption of the volume-reducing liquid and thus necessarily implies a cumbersome additional operation for separating the volume-reducing liquid from the volume-reduced expanded polystyrene.

In addition, used foam polystyrene, for example
-Lu containers are usually contaminated with contaminants such as dust, mud, traces of seafood and vegetable debris, and are at least partially colored. From the origin of these pollutants, most of them are hydrophilic substances, and polystyrol such as d-limonene is used.
-It is difficult to dissolve in a soluble oily solvent, and volume reduction treatment with only a drug such as d-limonene is liable to cause coloration by mixing in volume-reduced expanded polystyrene. It is difficult to be an effective measure to obtain colorless recycled polystyrene without pollutants.

On the other hand, in the present invention, the mechanical force such as the twisting force and the kneading force applied to the expanded polystyrene after the O / W type emulsion of d-limonene is added in the volume reducing device, Not only the foamed part of the foamed polystyrene collapses, but also contaminants fall off, and the dropped contaminants are released from the foamed polystyrene of fats and oils and transferred to the aqueous phase of the emulsion. Further, the mechanical force applied from the rotating kneader-like compression kneader, friction with the foamed polystyrol mass that is forcibly slid with it, and the friction of the foamed polystyrol mass generate friction to generate heat, This heat contributes to the softening of the foamed polystyrene block and the reduction of the strength of the foam portion, thus saving energy consumption for heating and heat retention.

In the present invention, it should be noted that there are other unexpected advantages of using the O / W type emulsion. That is, the water-based emulsion is a high-value recycled polystyrene in a volume reduction device for volume reduction.
-It is not only effective for safe discharge of gas, but also for the crushing process, transportation process and solid-liquid separation which are inevitably derived before and after the volume reduction treatment process by using the aqueous emulsion. It is possible to easily suppress the generation of static electricity in various mechanical and physical operations such as a pressing process. In fact, in the mechanical and physical handling of expanded polystyrene, a high voltage of tens of thousands of volts is easily generated by static electricity, and as a result, handling of low density polystyrene blocks is unexpectedly hindered. Not with some danger. Although it is desirable to avoid volume reduction by ordinary solvent treatment from this point of view, just because water is used as polystyrene is a water repellent material, it is a countermeasure against static electricity. Is inappropriate as

In the present invention, by using a part of the water containing the surfactant, which is mixed with d-limonene in the volume reduction treatment step, in advance in the crushing step and the transportation step before the volume reduction treatment step, It is possible to suppress the generation of static electricity, and also in the pressing step after the volume reduction, the generation of static electricity can be suppressed due to the residual O / W emulsion from the volume reduction step. Here, the fact that the generation of static electricity can be suppressed depends not only on the antistatic effect peculiar to the surfactant in such an emulsion, but on the other hand, it contains the surfactant in the mechanical and physical handling of the polystyrene. It is thought that this is largely due to the lubricating action of water. That is, in the present invention, the use of water containing a surfactant in the mechanical and physical treatment operations before and after the volume reduction treatment step of the expanded polystyrene suppresses the generation of static electricity and also reduces the amount of lubricant. The operation is labor-saving and smooth as used, and further, the water containing the surfactant used is a double or triple layer in that it works for the formation of an O / W emulsion even in the volume reduction treatment step. To work.

The volume-reducing liquid containing d-limonene dissolves the foamed portion of the foamed polystyrene with the natural organic substance d-limonene to swell or at least soften it.
When the softened and / or swollen foamed portion of the polystyrene is subjected to an external force from the screw-conveyor-like transfer volume-decreasing blade, that is, a transfer kneading force, it can be deformed and reduced in volume by an extremely small force. If no kneading force is applied, softening, swelling and / or dissolution initially occurs in the highly stressed thin wall material portion between the foams, and then in the thickened wall material portion that has been split. In the material portion where the walls intersect with each other, softening, swelling, and / or dissolution that take a longer time progresses. In other words, softening, swelling,
It can be understood that the dissolution is a difference in the degree of progress of the treatment with the volume reducing solution when the kneading force is not applied. These softening, swelling and / or dissolution are, in some cases, very rapid and allow the expanded polystyrene to dissolve until it becomes a gel. However, as described above, the treatment under such a strong condition does not always lead to the increase in the production amount of the naphtha-like oil substance, and even if the increase in the production amount of the naphtha-like oil substance is achieved. , D-limonene consumption increase,
It is not preferable because it cannot be said to be an economical treatment method that causes an increase in the amount of the treatment liquid and a rapid fatigue of the volume-reduced liquid.

The method and apparatus of the present invention comprises a foamed polystyrene.
-In addition to effectively reducing the volume of the resin, it can be applied to solid waste disposal methods other than expanded polystyrene, and can be quickly processed. A liquid having a high affinity for polystyrol and separated from the volume-reduced polystyrol, that is, a volume-reducing liquid containing d-limonene, is recovered and again used as a volume-reducing liquid for foamed polystyrol. Can be used as a mixture. In the present invention, it is of course possible to use d-limonene in combination with other solvents such as benzene, toluene, methyl ethyl ketone, methylene chloride and dioxane, but this combination does not always yield surprising results. It should be noted that solvent vapors are usually harmful and flammable to humans.

The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the drawings. Here, FIG. 1 shows the expanded polystyrene of the present invention.
2 shows a process chart for facilitating the understanding of the volume reduction treatment method of a resin, FIG. 2 shows one example of the volume reduction treatment apparatus for foamed polystyrene of the present invention, and FIG. 3 shows the present invention. Fig. 4 shows an example of a crushing means in the expanded polystyrene volume reducing treatment apparatus of Fig. 4, and Fig. 4 shows an example of a crushing blade in the crushing means of the expanded polystyrene volume reducing treatment apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 6 shows another example of the crushing blade in the crushing means of the expanded polystyrene volume-reducing apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 6 shows the chip transportation means in the expanded polystyrene volume-reducing apparatus of the present invention. FIG. 7 shows an example of a sieve used in the crushing means of the expanded polystyrene volume-reducing apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 8 shows the expanded polystyrene volume-reducing treatment of the present invention. FIG. 9 shows one structural example of the primary crushing blade in the crushing means of the apparatus, FIG. 9 shows one structural example of the secondary crushing blade in the crushing means of the expanded polystyrene volume-reducing treatment apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 4 shows another example of the chip transportation means in the expanded polystyrene volume-reducing apparatus of the present invention,
FIG. 11 shows another example of the expanded polystyrene volume reducing treatment apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 12 shows an example of the transfer volume reduction blades in the expanded polystyrene volume reducing treatment apparatus of the present invention. 13 shows another example of the transfer volume-decreasing blade in the expanded polystyrene volume-reducing apparatus of the present invention, and FIG.
4 shows still another example of the transfer volume reducing blade in the expanded polystyrene volume reducing treatment apparatus of the present invention, and FIG.
FIG. 16 shows an example of a molding machine for gelling chips in the expanded polystyrene volume reducing treatment apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 16 shows a bird's-eye view of an example of the expanded polystyrene volume reducing treatment apparatus of the present invention. 17 shows a schematic arrangement in one example of the expanded polystyrene volume-reducing apparatus of the present invention, and FIG.
FIG. 19 is an elevational view of a foamed polystyrene styrol volume reduction treatment apparatus in one example of the present invention, and FIG. 19 is a top plan view of a foamed polystyrene styrol volume reduction treatment apparatus in one example of the present invention,
FIG. 20 is a bottom plan view of the expanded polystyrene volume-reducing apparatus in one example of the present invention, and FIG. 21 shows another transfer volume reduction blade in the expanded polystyrene volume-reducing apparatus of the present invention. A structural example is shown. However, it should be noted that these are merely examples, and in the drawings, only main parts are exaggerated to facilitate understanding of the essence of the present invention.

FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 show the outline of the entire volume reduction treatment method for foamed polystyrene according to the present invention. In the present invention, the used expanded polystyrene block is introduced into the warmed volume-reducing apparatus (6) (24). The used expanded polystyrene is usually a molded product, which is first put into a crusher (12) and subjected to preliminary crushing (2) (14), primary crushing (3) (16) and secondary crushing (5) ( 18) and is introduced into the warmed volume reduction treatment device (6) (24), which volume reduction treatment device is the first reduction container (6a) (28) and the second reduction container (6b). )
(32), the first reduction container (6a) (2)
A volume-reduced liquid obtained by mixing the undiluted solution (7a) from the undiluted solution tank (7) and the water (8a) from the water tank (8) is injected into 8). The blocky polystyrene foam discharged from the second volume reduction containers (6b) and (32) is reduced in volume by the molding machine (9).
Is molded into a molded product. However, this is only a major part of the processing method of the present invention, the present invention may include some ancillary steps and, conversely, certain steps may be omitted. For example, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a treatment for classifying (4) the crushed material after the primary crushing (3) can be preferably provided in order to easily and reliably perform the secondary crushing (5). After the substance is stored, it can be introduced into the volume reduction treatment apparatus, and the volume reduction liquid can be separated and recovered and reused from the lumpy expanded polystyrene discharged from the volume reduction container.

The processing method of the present invention as described above is
It can be carried out smoothly by the processing apparatus of the present invention suitable for carrying out this method. FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram for facilitating understanding of the expanded polystyrene volume-reduction processing apparatus according to the present invention. This foam polystyrene volume reducing device body is basically a plurality of cylindrical containers of different diameters connected in series, each cylindrical container has a structure, a crushing conveyor for squeezing different strength is incorporated. In this main body, a foam polystyrene crushing unit storage tank and a volume reduction liquid circulation system are attached.

In the expanded polystyrene volume reducing device shown in FIG. 2, a used expanded polystyrene molded product (1
0) is preliminarily crushed in a block shape so that it is fed to the styrofoam crushing unit (12) from the charging port (13) and crushed by the bar (14a) embedded in the rotating crushing drum (14) of the precrusher, Next, the primary crushing roller (16) located directly below the preliminary crusher (14)
It is first crushed into lumps. Examples of such preliminary crushing means and primary crushing means include Japanese Patent Application No. 7-10165.
Those described in No. 4 can be used.

This is a structural arrangement as shown in the right side view of FIG. 3a and the left side view of FIG. 3b, and as shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of rotary blades (16a) are arranged with a constant gap. A gear (16c) at the end of the one rotating shaft, which is composed of one rotating shaft provided side by side and the other rotating shaft provided with a plurality of rotating blades (16b) combined with the rotating blade (16a) It may have a gear (16d) at the other end of the rotary shaft that meshes with, or, as shown in the plan view from the top of FIG. It is possible to use a rotary shaft that is provided with one rotary shaft and the other rotary shaft that is provided with a plurality of rotary blades (16b) having different diameters to be combined with the rotary blade (16a). The block-shaped expanded polystyrene that has passed through the preliminary crushing means further exits the primary crushing roller (16), passes through a sieve (16e) having a mesh size of a certain size or less, and further, as shown in FIG. Located just below the primary crushing roller (16) 2
The secondary crushing roller (18) is secondly crushed into a chip-like foamed polystyrene having a size of about a cigarette filter or beans.

In addition to the preferred primary crusher of the crushing device (12) shown in FIG. 3, in the example shown in the drawing, the shape of the roller blades has the same performance in consideration of reproducibility in mass production. It can be produced and can be mass-produced. The primary roller blade can be equipped with a scraper (scraping blade) for scraping foamed polystyrene stuck in the gap between the blades, but the load increases due to friction and the cleaning effect is insufficient. In consideration of the above, it is more preferable that the punching plate is attached to the lower side of the roller blades and that the rotation speed of the roller blades is different from each other, so that the structure without the scraper is provided. In addition, in order to overcome the difficulty of not cutting into the roller blade when a large piece of foamed polystyrene is thrown in, it is possible to crush very roughly on the primary roller blade and at the same time to smoothly cut into the primary roller. It is preferable to attach the rotating arm of

Furthermore, in addition to the secondary crusher shown in FIG. 3, first, when the combined crushing of the biaxial roller blades having the developed shape is carried out, the crushing can be performed to a position close to the target size. However, in order to solve the problem that the crushing roller may stop due to clogging due to the high temperature of the scraper and the low cleaning effect, the triaxial roller method in which the roller blades clean each other is adopted. You can also According to this method, although the cleaning effect is not exerted so much, the crushing effect is large and a finer one can be obtained. The most preferable example is a method in which all four axis roller blades are in mesh with each other. According to this method, satisfactory results can be obtained for both the crushing performance and the cleaning effect. The two horizontally facing roller blades are cleaned at the low rotation side due to the different rotation speeds, and the roller blades facing vertically have the same rotation direction, but at the places where they mesh, they are in opposite directions. In this way, all four roller blades strongly clean each other blades, clogging is eliminated, and a scraper-free structure can be obtained.
In addition, it becomes possible to operate in a finer and more stable state than in the case of two axes and three axes.

These primary crushers and secondary crushers have a notched gear-like crushing part having a structure as shown in FIG. 8, which has the same size or different sizes and rotates at different rotational speeds.
As a result, a crushing force and a shearing force are applied to the block-shaped expanded polystyrene that is supplied to the secondary crushing roller (18), and as a result, the chip-shaped expanded polystyrene that has passed through the secondary crushing roller (18) is simply Not only are there many irregularities and the surface area / volume is large, but also cracks and fissures are advantageously formed inside thereof, and the volume-reducing liquid quickly penetrates into the interior through these fissures and fissures. The crushing unit (12) mainly uses, for example, the shearing force between blades that rotate in opposite directions at different speeds, so that even a relatively small motor (M) can obtain a large torque at low speed rotation. To be Further, the primary crushing roller (16) that is rotated by the power from the motor is
The block-shaped styrofoam (10) is cut into chips. In the present invention, it can be crushed into a rectangular shape or the like, but can be crushed into chips, for example, in order to increase the value of surface area / volume.

However, the crushing drum (14), the primary crushing roller (16) and the secondary crushing roller (18) in the crushing unit (12) of the present invention are, of course, not limited to these. . They are,
In short, any one may be used as long as it can crush the foamed polystyrene molded product into blocks, blocks, chips or the like. Further, as will be described later in detail, the crushing may be carried out simultaneously instead of sequentially, and the foamed polystyrene molded product subjected to the volume reduction treatment according to the present invention is small and thin such as a container for instant food. In the case of one, it may be stored in the storage tank (20) without being crushed by the crushing drum (14), the primary crushing roller (16) or the secondary crushing roller (18), or may be stored in the storage tank (20). After the subsequent crushing, it can be directly introduced into the hopper (36) of the apparatus body (24) for reducing the volume of expanded polystyrene. Of course, it is also possible to carry out the crushing treatment by only one of the crushing means.

The chip-shaped expanded polystyrene foam crushed by the expanded polystyrene crushing unit (12) in this way is passed through the screw conveyor (15) provided at the bottom of the crushing unit (12) to the flexible tube (19). Is transferred to the storage tank (20). Such a transfer can be performed also by a flexible tube (19) having a spring conveyor therein, as shown in FIG. 10, but with a screw conveyor (the rear part of the screw conveyor (15) is a flexible tube). (19) fully inserted in). Of course, it is also possible to transfer by an air conditioner bear equipped with static electricity removing means.

It is also advantageous to connect the bottom of the crushing unit (12) directly to the foamed polystyrene inlet of the storage tank (20), not via a flexible tube (19) as shown in FIG. Thus, the device of the present invention can be made into a more integrated upright type device. That is, using two screw conveyors, one of these two screw conveyors (19a) and (19b) was installed horizontally at the bottom of the crushing unit (12), as shown in FIG. It can be installed vertically near the side of the crushing unit (12) linked with this, and can even supply to the hopper of the reduced container.

As a result, not only can the device be miniaturized, but it is not necessary to take measures against static electricity generated in the transfer pipe. This storage tank (20) has a motor (2) as a power source for transferring chip-shaped foamed polystyrene on the top thereof.
0a), and a level sensor (20b) and a level sensor (20c) for monitoring the storage level of foamed polystyrene in the form of chips at the top and bottom respectively, a screw conveyor (20d) at the bottom and a flexible tube (20e). ) Has. Screw conveyor (20d)
When the flexible tube (20e) and the flexible tube (20e) are used, they may be substantially the same as the screw conveyor (15) and the flexible tube (19).
Further, it is more preferable that the storage tank (20) is provided with a discharging means for removing static electricity which is tinged with chip-shaped polystyrene foam, and the storage tank (2)
It is preferable to provide air blowing means in 0).

Since the chip-shaped polystyrene foam contained in the storage tank (20) is light and has unevenness on the surface, it has an inner wall surface on one side and an inner wall surface on the other side in the storage tank (20). Frequently forming bridges bridged between them, so that the foam conveyor near the bottom is transferred from the storage tank by the screw conveyor (20e) in a considerable amount, and then the chip-shaped foam polystyrene is not supplied to the bottom. There may be a case where chip-shaped expanded polystyrene is formed in which only the bottom of the storage tank (20) is a void and a bridge is formed in the upper and middle parts. In other words, the formation of the bridge creates a space below which the chip-shaped expanded polystyrene is not present. The occurrence of such a state can be known from the fact that the level sensor (12) monitors the presence of chip-shaped expanded polystyrene and the level sensor (20c) does not monitor the presence of chip-shaped expanded polystyrene. Out.
Thus, the storage tank can control the operation of the crusher and the carrier by installing level sensors (optical type) at upper and lower two places.

Therefore, when such a bridged state occurs, it is possible to use a vibrator, but it should be noted that the vibration may cause clogging. By supplying a small amount of air intermittently, it is possible to destroy the bridge and clean the inner surface of the storage tank. The generation of such a bridge may occur due to humidity or static electricity as described above, since the fine powder of the chip-shaped expanded polystyrene has a very low specific gravity. It can also occur more frequently if the static electricity is not well removed.

The foamed polystyrene foam in the form of chips stored in the storage tank (20) passes through a flexible tube (20e) via a screw conveyor (20d) provided at the bottom of the storage tank (20) and is reduced in foamed polystyrene. It is transferred and introduced into the hopper (36) of the main body (24) of the gasification device. This transfer power source is a motor (36a). However, two screw conveyors (19a), (1) that are orthogonal to each other, not via the flexible tube (20e),
9b) is installed so that the bottom of the storage tank (20) can be directly attached to the expanded polystyrene volume reduction processing apparatus main body (24).
As described above, it is possible and advantageous to make the device of the present invention more upright type by connecting with the part corresponding to the hopper (36).

In addition to the preferable transportation and storage of these crushed chips in the present invention, if the volume reducing machine is installed under the crusher, the simplest equipment structure can be obtained. However, it is extremely difficult to balance the processing speed of the crusher with the processing speed of the volume reducer because the input port of expanded polystyrene is too high, so actually install a carrier and a storage tank between them. Is desirable. In order to convey the fine powder of expanded polystyrene that falls from the crusher, a spring type conveyor can be adopted as described above. However, the spring type conveyor has a long service life and carrying capacity.
Since there is a problem such as the limitation of layout and the like, preferably, as illustrated in FIG. 11 and FIG. It can be provided.

This expanded polystyrene volume reducing device (2
4) The main body has a heat retaining means and / or a cooling means on the outer surface of the cylindrical reduced container. The heat-retaining means may be one in which a heating wire is wound in a coil on the outer surface of the cylindrical container, or a flexible planar heating element is wound on the outer surface of the cylindrical reduced container. It may be. The cooling means may be a cooling water jacket.
In any case, the volume reducing device preferably has a temperature of about 40 ° C to
80 ° C. Usually used at about 60 ° C. for volume reduction, but the temperature of the second reducing container (32) is slightly higher than the temperature of the first reducing container (28) (about 0 to 10 ° C.). Usually 3 ~
It may be as low as 7 ° C.

The volume-reducing device body (24) is composed of a vertically-extending two-stage first reduction container (28) and a second reduction container (32) in which a horizontally long cylindrical reduction container is assembled in an upright type. it can. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 11, in each of the reduced containers (28) and (32), a chip-shaped expanded polystyrene is placed in each of the reduced containers (28) and (32).
A screw conveyor-shaped first transfer volume-reducing blade (28a) (hereinafter, also referred to as a screw feeder) and a second transfer volume-reducing blade (32a) are provided for kneading and reducing the volume of the volume-reducing liquid while being transferred. There is. 2 and 11
In the above, the upper first reduction container (28) and the lower second reduction container (32) are connected in series via the throat (28f). In order to clearly show the existence of the throat portion (28f) for connecting the first reduction container (28) and the second reduction container (32) in upper and lower stages in FIGS. Two
Although a considerable gap is shown between the stepped reducers (28) and (32), the upper and lower two stepped reducers (28) and (32) are actually a gap. It is not necessary to use a large amount, but rather it can be made into a smaller size by reducing the amount, and it is desirable to do so in order to prevent heat dissipation. And, in the volume reducing device main body (24), the chip-shaped expanded polystyrene is placed in the second volume as compared with when it is present in the first volume reduction container (28).
When present in the reduced container (32), the volume is reduced and the volume is reduced.

In this example, the diameter of the cylindrical body of the first reducing container (28) is larger than the diameter of the cylindrical body of the second reducing container (32). Further, in the expanded polystyrene, the density, transfer resistance, and squeeze resistance increase with the progress of the volume reduction treatment. This volume reduction and increase in resistance gradually progress as the treatment of expanded styrene progresses. Thus, as shown in FIG. 12, the transfer volume reduction vanes typically have progressively smaller cross-sectional spaces (28c) within the volume reduction vessel for the expanded styrol with respect to the foam styrene process direction, and The rotating shaft portion is gradually thickened and the vane portion (28a) is made small so that the structure becomes gradually stronger. Therefore, in the example of FIG. 2, the spiral interval of the first transfer volume reduction blades (28a) of the first volume reduction container (28) is greater than the spiral interval of the second transfer volume reduction blades (32a) of the second volume reduction container (32). Is also sparse. Further, in order to withstand the above resistance, the second reduction container (32) has a stronger overall structure than the first reduction container, for example, the second transfer volume reduction blade (3).
The rotating shaft of 2a) is thicker and stronger than the rotating shaft of the first transfer volume-decreasing blade (28a).

Therefore, it is preferable that the rotation speeds of the first transfer volume reduction blade (28a) and the second transfer volume reduction blade (32a) are also different. The diameter of the cylindrical body of the first reducing container (28) and the diameter of the cylindrical body of the second reducing container (32) may be, for example, 8 inches for the former and 6 inches for the latter. 28a) and (32a) by adjusting the difference in rotational speed, the fixed difference in diameter of the respective cylindrical container and the volume reduction of the expanded polystyrene in the respective container (28) and (32). It is possible to mitigate the inconsistency with the difference in the degree of progress.

In addition to the preferred reducing container in the present invention, the screw feeder is used for uniformly crushing and kneading the crushed expanded polystyrene after the d-limonene aqueous solution is applied. We found that the performance of the screw feeder depends on the cross-sectional area, the pitch of the screw, and the rotation speed, and in addition, the polystyrene foam that is undergoing volume reduction has high viscosity and the clearance between the casing and the screw has a large effect. did. In the screw feeder, since the reaction time for the foamed polystyrene to stay for a certain period of time or more is required, in order to secure the processing capacity in the present invention, the screw feeder also
For example, the first-order and second-order modes are used.

In the structure of a general screw feeder, the volume-reduced and semi-gelled expanded polystyrene is likely to be clogged in the screw feeder and may not be discharged. During the development of the device of the present invention, we actually investigated that the operation is not stable even if the temperature and temperature conditions are changed. Therefore, the screw feeder in the present invention is not "conveyed" but "press-fitted". The function is to squeeze out the kneaded product. In order to secure strength, the overall length of the screw feeder is shortened, and after the volume reducing liquid is applied, the shaft is tapered and thickened to produce a compression effect.
Further, by providing a slit on the inner surface of the casing, a propulsive force was obtained, and this was developed as an example of the first reduction container. In the first reducing container, when the polystyrene foam receiving port is too close to the screw taper portion, the polystyrene foam is pushed back by the reaction force due to the compression, so that it cannot be supplied well. It has been found that a certain distance from the tapered portion to the supply port is necessary to secure the supply amount. Further, the clearance between the screw and the case should be as small as possible in order to obtain the propulsion force, but it is preferable that there is a portion with a large clearance near the tip in order to have a kneading effect.

The foamed polystyrene that is semi-gelled from the outlet at the tip by the compression from the taper is supplied to the second reducing container having the same structure as the first reducing container, further kneaded, and the drainage is squeezed. , D-limonene progresses and is squeezed into a string shape from the tip of the second volume reduction container, which means that the volume reduction is completed for the time being. First reduction container and second
When both the reduced container and the reduced container are operated for a long time, the temperature of the tip end portion and the tip bearing portion becomes high, so that cooling such as water cooling can be performed in relation to ease of subsequent molding operation.
In any case, this point is also affected by the ambient environmental temperature such as the outside temperature. That is, by cooling in a high outside temperature, for example, in summer, the batch feed to the molding process of the continuously discharged volume-reduced polystyrene can be smoothed. Although it is necessary or desirable to adjust the discharge rate of the first reduced container and the second reduced container, it is difficult to obtain this balance by calculation only because there is no existing data.
Therefore, we had to make trial production of the reduction container of each size.

Even when the supply of expanded polystyrene is completed,
Gels may still remain in the first subtractive container and the second subtractive container.
If you stop the machine and leave it for a long time, the gel inside will solidify and interfere with the next operation.
It is desirable to control the idling operation while supplying the volume-reducing liquid as it is.

As shown in FIG. 2, the volume reducing apparatus main body (24) is provided with a volume reducing liquid circulation system. This volume-reducing liquid circulation system uses a volume-reducing liquid supplied from a volume-reducing liquid tank (22a) through a volume-reducing liquid mixing tank (22) to a first volume-reducing container (2).
8) Spray device for spraying (2)
3), the pump (P) that is the power source for transporting the volume reducing liquid of the spray device (23), and the recovery volume separated from the volume-reduced expanded polystyrene that is discharged from the end of the second volume reduction container (32). Volume reduction liquid recovery tank (22) for receiving the volume
b) and a conduit between the volume reduction liquid tank (22a) and the volume reduction liquid mixing tank (22), between the volume reduction liquid recovery tank (22b) and the volume reduction liquid mixing tank (22) Basically, the conduit for connecting the reduced volume liquid mixing tank (22) and the spray device (23) via the pump (P), and the necessary cock and discharge pipe, preferably,
The volume reducing liquid tank (22a) is equipped with a heater (22c) for heating the volume reducing liquid. Such a heater may be provided in the volume reducing liquid mixing tank (22).

Further adding to the preferable volume reducing liquid supply system in the apparatus of the present invention, as mentioned above, the volume reducing liquid comprises d-limonene and water. d-Limonene is corrosive and requires careful attention to equipment materials. It is preferable to use stainless steel (prevention of rust mixture) for the steel material and Teflon or fluororubber for the seal portion. We have about 2 months d
-Limonene stock solution was exposed to the above materials and the durability was confirmed. The liquid is supplied by d-limonene for 1 minute, for example, 50
It is preferable to use a metering injection pump in order to satisfy the above conditions, in addition to a very small amount of ˜150 ml or less and water of 150 to 600 ml or less. It is preferable to use stainless steel for the tank and stainless steel or copper pipe for the piping. The optimum ratio of d-limonene to water is, for example, about 1: 2 to 1: 4. If the concentration is too high and the amount of water is too low, it will not work well with the polystyrene foam, and if the amount of d-limonene is too low. The volume will not be reduced and the container will be overloaded. To accelerate the reaction, water is supplied while warming to, for example, about 55 ° C.

Alternatively, preferably, as shown in FIG. 11, the volume-reduced liquid stock solution from the volume-reduced liquid tank (22a) is pipe-conveyed via a pump (22d) and the water tank (2
The water from 2e) is pipe-conveyed through the pump (22k) and mixed at an appropriate ratio at the confluence point (22f) of both pipes, and the volume reducing liquid as a mixed flow is sprayed (23).
From the drain conduit (22g) to the drain filter (22h). A reduced volume liquid circulation system may be arranged which circulates via In the present invention, various controls of such a reduced volume liquid circulation system are performed by a microcomputer.

As described above, the expanded polystyrene foam volume reducing apparatus according to the present invention is operated while being maintained at about 40 ° C. to 80 ° C., usually at about 60 ° C. Therefore, in consideration of this, the spray device is used. The volume-reduced liquid sprayed from (23) is also heated. In addition, preferably, the volume reducing liquid tank (22a) is a separator for separating the volume-reduced expanded polystyrene that is discharged from the second volume reducing container (32) and the recovered volume reducing liquid, for example, a solid-liquid separation filter ( 30) as well as a finer-screen solid-liquid separation filter for removing fine solids contaminated and suspended therein before transferring the recovered volume reducing liquid to the mixing tank (22). There is. Of course, it is possible and desirable to provide a heater also in the volume reduction liquid mixing tank (22). On the other hand, as described above, heat is generated in the process of volume reduction, so about 40
The volume reduction treatment cannot be carried out at -80 ° C, and therefore the outer surface of the reduced container needs to be cooled. The heat recovered by cooling can be used in addition to the heat source of the above-mentioned heater.

Although not shown in the drawing, the mixing tank (2
A conduit from 2) to the crushing means (12) can be provided to supply a surfactant-containing aqueous liquid for preventing static electricity generation and lubrication. As described above, in the present invention, the supplied surfactant-containing aqueous liquid is not wasted since only a part of the amount used for volume reduction is used in advance. The part of the surfactant-containing aqueous liquid previously used in 1. serves as an antistatic agent, as well as for volume reduction, and as a lubricant in mechanical operation. In the present invention, one of the reasons that the stock solution of the volume reducing solution, water and the surfactant are not used as a pre-mixed mixture but are mixed for the first time when used in the volume reducing apparatus of the present invention is In point.

The volume-reducing liquid used in this volume-reducing liquid circulation system is about 50 to 110 per 1 kg of expanded polystyrene.
Since the amount of 0 g, usually around 400 g, for example, disappears out of the system along with the expanded polystyrene, this exhausted amount is replenished from the reduced volume liquid tank (22a). here,
The replenished fresh volume reduction solution usually contains d-limonene, a surfactant, an alkaline agent, and optionally about 2 to 7 times the volume reduction stock solution containing other non-harmful organic solvents,
Usually, it is diluted with water about 3 times,
The volume-reducing liquid circulated from the volume-reducing liquid recovery tank (22) tends to have a lower active ingredient content, particularly d-limonene content, than the replenished fresh volume-reducing solution, and especially When it is repeatedly used repeatedly, it is necessary to perform not only quantitative replenishment but also qualitative replenishment of replenishing the fatigue-depleted active ingredient in the volume reducing solution.

Therefore, in one example, the degree of fatigue consumption of the used volume-reducing liquid circulated from the volume-reducing liquid recovery tank (22), that is, the degree of reduction of the active ingredient is monitored, and the high concentration corresponding to the degree of decrease is monitored. Fresh volume-reducing liquid containing the active ingredients of can be replenished to the mixing tank. The fatigue consumption of the used volume-reducing liquid, that is, the degree of reduction of the active ingredient, can be detected by the increase in the electric resistance and / or the increase in the specific gravity of the used volume-reducing liquid. For example, specifically, the replenishment level signal is controlled by detecting an increase in electrical resistance. Although an excessive explanation is omitted, this control is so-called simple P control, that is, control is performed such that the monitored signal amount of the effective component reduction is fed back to the control system and the replenishment amount is inversely proportional to this signal amount. Such a control system has an advantage that the control system can be assembled relatively simply without requiring a special sensor or a physical quantity conversion element.

Further adding to the preferable volume reducing liquid supply system in the apparatus of the present invention, as mentioned above, the volume reducing liquid comprises d-limonene and water. d-Limonene is corrosive and requires careful attention to equipment materials. It is preferable to use stainless steel (prevention of rust mixture) for the steel material and Teflon or fluororubber for the seal portion. We have about 2 months d
-Limonene was exposed to the above materials and the durability was confirmed. The liquid is supplied by, for example, 50 to 150 d-limonene per minute.
It is preferable to use a metering injection pump to satisfy the above conditions, in addition to a very small amount of water of 150 ml or less and 150 to 600 ml or less, and to use stainless steel for the tank and stainless steel or copper pipe for the piping. The optimum ratio of d-limonene to water is, for example, about 1: 2 to 1: 4. If the concentration is too high and the amount of water is too low, it will not work well with the polystyrene foam, and if the amount of d-limonene is too low. The volume will not be reduced and the container will be overloaded.
To accelerate the reaction, water is supplied while warming to, for example, about 55 ° C.

FIG. 13 shows another example of the expanded polystyrene volume reducing device body (24) according to the present invention.
The volume reduction gradually and continuously proceeds as the expanded polystyrene is transferred through the apparatus body (24), and the transfer resistance of the reduced expanded polystyrene is also gradually increased. In view of this point, not only is the diameter of the lower cylindrical body smaller, but the spiral pitch of the transfer volume-decreasing blades (28a) and (32a) is continuously smaller. In the example of FIG. 13, the difference between the first spiral pitch width (P1) and the second spiral pitch width (P2) is the difference between the second spiral pitch width (P2) and the third spiral pitch width (P3). Difference or third spiral pitch width (P3)
And the fourth spiral pitch width (P4) is equal to the difference, but it is not always necessary to reduce by equal difference, and it is also possible to reduce continuously in equal ratio. Further, in the example of FIG. 13, the rotational power of the second transfer volume-decreasing blade (32a) in the cylindrical body is the gear at the outer end of the rotating shaft of the first transfer volume-reducing blade (28a) in the upper cylindrical body ( 28
The diameter of the gear (32d) that meshes with d) is the same as that of the gear (2d).
It is larger than the diameter of 8d). Of course, by interposing another gear (even number) between the two gears (28d) and (32d), the two gears (28
The rotation ratios of d) and (32d) can be appropriately changed.

FIG. 14 shows still another example of the main body (24) of the expanded polystyrene volume-reducing device according to the present invention. In this example, the gear (28
V belt (28e) (32e) instead of d) (32d)
Is used, and a viewing window (28g) made of a transparent material is provided at a substantially rear end portion of the first reduction container (28).
Through this observation window, the degree of progress of volume reduction and the difficulty of transfer can be visually observed.

The chip-shaped expanded polystyrene foam introduced into the hopper (36) of the volume-reducing device body (24) has a cylindrical first volume-reducing container (28) and a first transfer volume-reducing blade (2).
8a) is transferred to a position below the spray device (23) where the volume reducing liquid is sprayed, and then further transferred through the first volume reducing container (28) to be kneaded with the volume reducing liquid to reduce the volume. The volume reduction progresses gradually and steadily, and at the rear end of the first volume reduction container (28), the foamed polystyrene foam, which was originally in the form of chips, is considerably reduced in volume and adheres to each other to form a lump. You can see what has changed to.

Such a sticky blocky polystyrene foam has a rear end of the first reduction container (28) and a second reduction container (32).
Via the throat (28f) connecting the front ends of the second reduction container (3
2), where the volume reduction process is further advanced, and from the discharge port (32f) at the rear end of the second reduction container (32), for example, it is just a soft popcorn sugar confectionery. The foamed polystyrene foam lumps that have undergone the volume reduction treatment and are packed in a gel form are discharged.

The discharged styrofoam lumps are separated from the volume-reducing liquid on the volumetric polystyrene discharge device (30) which is also a filtering device made of, for example, a wire mesh, and then the gel recovery can (25). ) Is collected. The outlet (32
f), the discharge guide (30) of the expanded polystyrene may, of course, have a structure detachable from the volume reduction treatment device (24), or may have an integrated form, Further, it may be integrated with the gel collecting can (25).

The recovered gel-like volume-reduced expanded polystyrene is molded by the molding machine (40) shown in FIG. 11 and stored in the molded product reservoir (50). An example of such a molding machine in the present invention is shown in FIG.

With respect to this molding machine, since the gel discharged from the second reduction container is connected in the form of a string, it is bulky and difficult to handle, and we have developed this molding machine for further ingot formation. This molding machine is connected to the discharge port of the second reduced container, and presses the volume-reduced gel into the molding box opened and closed by a hinge, for example, at the discharge pressure of the second reduced container. When the inside of the box is filled with the gel, the limit switch at the tip works, the lid (lid) of the molding box opens downward, and at the same time, the cutter attached to the lid cuts the gel of the pressure inlet, The cut gel ingot is configured to fall down. At this time, if the second reduction container is still in operation, the gel will continue to be pressed in and will not fall off well. Therefore, in this example, before the lid of the molding machine is opened, the operation of the second reducing container is stopped, and the second reducing container is controlled to rotate once again to release the pressure. The total amount of molding box is about 200k
Since a pressure close to g works, a clamp type vise is applied with an electric cylinder to prevent the lid from loosening.
An electric cylinder is also used to open and close the lid. This is because the air cylinder requires a large compressor and the hydraulic cylinder also requires a hydraulic unit, which is not suitable for a small device.

The volume-reducing liquid (d-limonene-containing aqueous solution) supplied to the first reduction container is absorbed by the expanded polystyrene, but some d-limonene and most of the water are not absorbed by the expanded polystyrene. , The dirt is washed and discharged together with the gel into the second reduction container. The effluent squeezed in the second reducing container is discharged to a tank outside the reducing container through, for example, a drain from a rear portion, a pipe, and a drainage filter.

Further, the apparatus of the present invention shown in FIG.
Specifically, for example, when a bird's-eye view of the whole is shown in FIG.
FIG. 17 is a plan view and an elevation view, and FIG. 18 is a front view of the interior perspective view, FIG. 18 is a top plane, and FIG. 20 is a bottom plane. Can be put together in a compact arrangement structure as shown in FIG.

[0066]

As is apparent from the above detailed and specific description, according to the present invention, the drawbacks of the above-mentioned conventional techniques are improved, and the affinity for foamed polystyrene is high and the volume reduction treatment is well performed. It is possible to use, and it is harmless in the environment because it does not have the problem of toxicity, so there is no need for waste liquid treatment.For example, natural products are preferably used as the treatment agent, and no special gas sealing mechanism is required. Polystyrene can be volume-reduced by spraying a small volume of volume reduction liquid.
-Expanded polystyrofoam that has been volume-reduced by quickly and easily reducing the volume by sufficiently kneading it with the minimum required liquid while moving it without crushing it in the liquid more than necessary, for example, by rotating blades of a stirrer. -Since it is not extremely sticky, it can be easily removed as a lumpy solid that is easy to handle and easy to post-process, and a naphtha-like oily substance can be obtained if desired. A processing device is provided. This method and apparatus can continue volume reduction work, is not complicated, and can be easily installed anywhere at any time, and can be put into practice in combination with the usefulness of the obtained naphtha-like oily substance. Has a great effect.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a volume reduction treatment method for foamed polystyrene according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing an example of a volumetric polystyrene foam volume reducing apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing an example of crushing means in the device of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing an example of a crushing blade in the crushing means of the device of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing another example of the crushing blade in the crushing means of the device of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing an example of a chip transportation means in the device of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing an example of a sieve used in the crushing means of the device of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing a structural example of a primary crushing blade in the crushing means of the device of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing a structural example of a secondary crushing blade in the crushing means of the device of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing another example of the chip transportation means in the device of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory view showing another example of the device of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory view showing an example of a transfer volume reducing blade in the apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is another one of the transfer volume reducing blades in the device of the present invention.
It is explanatory drawing which showed the example.

FIG. 14 is an explanatory view showing still another example of the transfer volume-decreasing blade in the apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory view showing an example of a gelling chip molding machine in the apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram showing a bird's-eye view of an example of the device of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram showing a schematic arrangement in an example of the apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is an explanatory view showing an elevational arrangement in one example of the device of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram showing an upper planar arrangement in an example of the apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram showing a lower planar arrangement in an example of the apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 21 is an explanatory view showing another structural example of the transfer volume-decreasing blade in the device of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 Styrofoam molded product 12 Crushing unit 13 Input port 14 Crushing drum 14a bar 15 Screw conveyor 16 Primary crushing roller 18 Secondary crushing roller 19 Flexible tube 20 Storage tank 20a Motor 20b Level sensor 20c Level sensor 20d Screw conveyor 20e Flexible tube 22 Reduction Liquid-mixing tank 22a Volume-reducing liquid tank 22b Volume-reducing liquid recovery tank 22c Heater 23 Sprayer 24 Volume-reducing device main body 25 Gel recovery can 28 First reduction container 28a First transfer volume reduction blade 30 Discharge guide 32 Second reduction container 32a 2nd transfer volume reduction blade 36 hopper

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Internal reference number FI technical display location // B29K 105: 02 B09B 3/00 304P 105: 26

Claims (25)

[Claims] 1. A foamed polystyrene block is introduced into a warmed volume-reducing treatment unit and a volume-reducing liquid consisting of an aqueous emulsion containing d-limonene and a surfactant is fed at the front end of the unit. , A foamed portion of the expanded polystyrene by applying a twisting force and / or a shearing force to the expanded polystyrene supplied with the volume-reducing liquid while compressing and transferring the expanded polystyrene in the volume-reducing apparatus while keeping the temperature constant. Characterized in that it includes respective operations of discharging the block-shaped foamed polystyrene foam that has been subjected to volume reduction processing from the rear end of the volume reduction processing apparatus,
A method for reducing the volume of expanded polystyrene. 2. The foam according to claim 1, further comprising the step of discharging the volume-reduced block-shaped expanded polystyrene foam from the rear end of the volume-reduction processing apparatus and then performing compression molding. Volumetric processing method for polystyrene. 3. A volume-reduced block-shaped foam when the volume-reduced block-shaped expanded polystyrene is discharged from the rear end of the volume-reduction apparatus and / or compression-molded after discharge. The volume-reducing treatment method for expanded polystyrene according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the volume-reducing liquid is recovered from the polystyrene. 4. The expanded polystyrene foam crushes a used expanded polystyrene foam product into blocks, crushes the block-shaped expanded polystyrene foam into lumps, and further crushes the lumped expanded polystyrene foam into chips. Claim 1, Claim 2 or Claim 3 characterized in that
The method for reducing the volume of expanded polystyrene according to claim 1. 5. The source of the d-limonene is citrus oil,
The surfactant is one or more nonionic surfactants or a mixture of the nonionic surfactant and a small amount of anionic surfactant.
The method for reducing the volume of expanded polystyrene according to any one of claims 1 to 4. 6. A volume reducing stock solution comprising d-limonene and a surfactant when the volume reducing liquid is supplied to a foamed polystyrene block introduced into a volume reducing apparatus, and a surfactant. The method for reducing the volume of expanded polystyrene according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is formed by mixing with water containing water. 7. The water containing the surfactant for forming the volume reducing liquid is supplied to a volume reduction pretreatment step including the crushing step. Item 7. A method for reducing the volume of expanded polystyrene foam according to any one of Items 6. 8. The use of d-limonene recovered by solid-liquid separation and / or distillation from the volume-reduced gelled expanded polystyrene that has been fractionated from the aqueous emulsion. The method for reducing the volume of expanded polystyrene according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that. 9. The volume reducing liquid is citrus oil, an alkaline chemical,
Including a surfactant and a stabilizer, a boiling point of about 150 ° C. to 200 ° C., a freezing point of about −20 ° C. to −30 ° C., a flash point of about 35 ° C. to 55 ° C., a PH value of 8.5 to 13,
The reduced volume liquid stock solution having a specific gravity of 80 to 0.92 is 1:
The O / W type emulsion obtained by mixing with water at a volume ratio of 0.5 to 1:20, which is sprayed in a state of being heated to 40 ° C to 80 ° C. Volumetric processing method for expanded polystyrene. 10. A cylindrical reduction container having a screw conveyor-like transfer volume reduction blade and having different diameters, which are connected in series, wherein the cylindrical reduction container in the front stage has a void portion in the rear stage. The cylindrical reduction container has a structure larger than the void portion in the cylindrical reduction container, the latter cylindrical reduction container has greater physical strength than the preceding cylindrical reduction container, and the outer surface of the cylindrical reduction container has a heat-retaining means and / or Cooling means, a chip-shaped expanded polystyrene introduction port at the front end of the preceding cylindrical reduced container of the plurality of cylindrical reduced containers, and a warm volume-reduced liquid in the vicinity of the expanded polystyrene introduction port in the form of chips. A volume reducing liquid spraying means for spraying on the expanded polystyrene, and a expanded polystyrene discharge outlet after volume reduction at the rear end of the cylindrical reduced container in the latter stage of the plurality of cylindrical reduced containers, The foamed foam that has undergone volume reduction processing A foamed polystyrene polystyrene volume-reducing device, characterized in that it has a volume-reduced expanded polystyrene and a means for separating the volume-reduced liquid at the rear of the styrene discharge port. 11. A plurality of cylindrical reduction vessels having different diameters, which have a larger diameter and are provided with a heat-retaining means on an outer surface thereof, and a horizontally elongated first reduction vessel, which are arranged in parallel or crosswise below. A horizontally elongated second reducing container having a smaller diameter and having a cooling means on the outer surface thereof, a foamed polystyrene discharge outlet at the rear end of the first reducing container and a foaming at the front end of the second reducing container. The upright type, which is connected to the polystyrene inlet, is assembled into the upright type, and the rotational power of the second transfer volume-reducing blade provided in the second reducing container is internally provided in the first reducing container. The expanded polystyrene volume reducing device according to claim 10, wherein the expanded polystyrene volume is transmitted from the rotating shaft of the first transfer volume reducing vane. 12. A rotary shaft of said screw conveyor-like transfer volume-reducing vanes is made thicker and stronger in the discharge port direction of the expanded polystyrene to be volume-reduced, and the preceding stage or said first transfer volume-reducing member. The spatial cross section formed by the volumetric blade is larger than the spatial cross section formed by the latter stage or the second transfer volume reduction blade, and the rotation of the preceding stage or the first transport volume reduction blade. 12. The polystyrene foam volume reduction according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the rotational speed of the rotary shaft of the latter stage or the second transfer volume-reducing vane is variable with respect to the rotational speed of the shaft. Device. 13. The volume-reducing liquid spraying means has a volume-reducing liquid circulation system, wherein the volume-reducing liquid circulation system receives a used volume-reduced volume-reducing liquid, and a volume-reducing liquid with a fresh volume reduction. Volume reduction liquid tank for liquid, volume reduction liquid mixing tank for mixing used volume reduction volume recovery liquid from the volume reduction liquid recovery tank and fresh volume reduction liquid from the volume reduction liquid tank, and the volume reduction liquid mixing tank A conduit between the liquid tank and the volume-reducing liquid mixing tank; a conduit between the volume-reducing liquid recovery tank and the volume-reducing liquid mixing tank; the volume-reducing liquid mixing tank and the volume-reducing liquid spraying device; 13. The expanded polystyrene foam volume reduction device according to claim 10, characterized in that it basically comprises a communicating conduit. 14. The volume reducing liquid spraying means further comprises a volume reducing liquid stock solution supply means, a water supply means, and a volume reducing solution stock solution and water mixing means. Item 1
The expanded polystyrene foam volume reducing device according to any one of claims 0 to 13. 15. About 5 per kg of expanded polystyrene.
An amount of 0 to 1100 g, usually, for example, about 400 g of fresh volume reducing liquid is sprayed from the volume reducing liquid tank through the volume reducing liquid mixing tank together with the recovered volume reducing liquid. 15. Means provided to the means.
The expanded polystyrene volume reducing device described. 16. A fresh volume reducing liquid that monitors the degree of fatigue consumption of the used volume reducing liquid circulated from the volume reducing liquid recovery tank and compensates the degree of fatigue consumption based on the monitored information. The expanded polystyrene foam volume reducing device according to claim 14 or 15, which is supplied to a mixing tank. 17. The expanded polystyrene foam volume reducing device according to claim 16, wherein the fatigue consumption of the used volume reducing liquid is detected by an increase in electric resistance of the used volume reducing liquid. . 18. A volume reducing liquid circulation system further comprising a pump attached to the conduit, a cock attached to the volume reducing liquid recovery tank, volume reducing liquid tank and volume reducing liquid mixing tank, volume reducing liquid discharge pipe, and pump. Claim 14 or Claim 17 characterized by having
The expanded polystyrene volume reducing device described. 19. A plurality of cylindrical reduced vessels having different diameters are operated while being kept at a temperature of about 40 ° C. to 80 ° C., preferably about 60 ° C., and a heat retention temperature of the latter stage or the second reduced vessel. Is lower than the heat retention temperature of the preceding stage or the first reduced container, 12.
The expanded polystyrene foam volume reducing device according to claim 12 or 13. 20. The volume reduction of expanded polystyrene according to claim 19, characterized in that the heat insulating means and / or the cooling means of the plurality of cylindrical shape reducing containers having different diameters are covered with a heat insulating material. apparatus. , 21. The volume reducing liquid and / or the volume reducing liquid mixing tank is equipped with a heater for heating the volume reducing liquid, and the volume reducing liquid is supplied to the volume reducing liquid spraying device. 20. The volumetric foam polystyrene volume reduction according to any one of claims 14 to 19, characterized in that it is heated and kept at about 40 ° C to 80 ° C, preferably about 60 ° C. Device. 22. The heat source of a heater attached to the volume reducing liquid tank and / or the volume reducing liquid mixing tank includes a heat source obtained from a cooling means of the volume reducing container. The expanded polystyrene volume reducing device according to any one of claims 14 to 19. 23. The volume-reducing liquid tank has a means for separating the volume-reduced expanded polystyrol discharged from the second cylindrical volume-reducing container and the recovered volume-reducing liquid at the volume-reducing liquid receiving port. 22. The expanded polystyrene foam volume reducing apparatus according to claim 21, further comprising means for removing fine solids floating in the volume reducing solution as contaminants at the volume reducing solution discharge port to the mixing tank. . 24. A foamed polystyrene crushing unit and a storage tank are provided.
The expanded polystyrene foam volume reducing device according to claim 11 or 14. 25. A liquid substance obtained by solid-liquid separation from a volume-reduced gelled styrofoam floating above the aqueous emulsion in a reduced container, and / or a volume-reduced expanded poly. The expanded polystyrene foam volume reducing apparatus according to claim 11, further comprising a recovery means for recovering a naphtha-like oil substance from a liquid substance obtained by solid-liquid separation of a styrene solid matter.