JPH09200866A - Building management equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce the number of times of occurrence of communication. SOLUTION: A central monitor equipment 1 and distribution controllers 6A-6N are connected by a private branch of exchange 5 having a multiple address communication function. Local point information of the distribution controllers 6A-6N is informed only to the central monitor equipment 1 and global point information shared in common as the system is informed to the central monitor equipment 1 and the distribution controllers 6A-6N by a multiple address communication function. Thus, interlock control among the distribution controllers 6A-6N is attained with addition of a few memory capacity and the number of times of occurrence of communication is small.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a management device for monitoring / controlling equipment in a building by a central monitoring device or a distributed control device connected via a network having a broadcast communication function.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 12 is an overall configuration diagram showing a decentralized building management apparatus for a relatively large building which has been proposed in recent years. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a central monitoring device for managing the entire building, which is connected to a LAN (local area network) 3 such as Ethernet together with the monitoring terminals 2A to 2N. 6A to 6N are distributed control devices connected to the LAN 3, and 7A to 7N are arranged at appropriate places in the building, for example, for each floor or area unit, and the distributed control devices 6A to 6N are provided.
An equipment controller connected to N by a local transmission device has an interface function and is connected to actual equipment 8A to 8N.

The conventional building management device is constructed as described above, and the distributed control devices 6A to 6N notify the central monitoring device 1 of the status change of the equipments 8A to 8N in their management area via the LAN 3. The central monitoring device 1 saves those data and manages the history. Then, in response to a request from the monitoring terminals 2A to 2N, the data is retrieved or processed for display. Further, the distributed control devices 6A to 6
N variously controls the facilities 8A to 8N managed by itself.

For example, there is a schedule control for turning on / off the facilities 8A to 8N at a preset time, and an interlocking control for turning on / off a given facility when a given condition is satisfied. However, these controls are performed by the equipment 8A-8N within the management of the distributed control devices 6A-6N.
The central monitoring device 1 is responsible for interlocking control between the signals that span the distributed control devices 6A to 6N.
However, this increases the load on the central monitoring device 1 and requires high performance, resulting in an increase in cost.

By the way, in recent years, the idea of self-sustained decentralized control has been proposed, which has advanced the idea of decentralized control. This is because each of the distributed control devices 6A to 6N handles signals widely not only within its own management area, but the central monitoring device 1
The interlocking control that spans the distributed control devices 6A to 6N is also performed by the distributed control devices 6A to 6N. In this case, each of the distributed control devices 6A to 6N
You must maintain the state of the signals that other distributed control devices have. Further, a complicated transmission mechanism for exchanging these signal changes between the distributed control devices 6A to 6N must be created.

Recently, as a network in a building,
Private branch exchanges are receiving attention. This is because a telephone line is provided in the building, and if this can be used as a network for the building management device, the wiring cost can be significantly reduced. In this case, it is necessary to reduce the number of notifications from the distributed control devices 6A to 6N as much as possible in order not to apply an excessive load to the exchange. In general, an exchange has a heavy load on the connection process and, once connected, has no load. Therefore, it is important to reduce the number of communication occurrences in a short time.

[0007]

In the conventional building management system as described above, the distributed control systems 6A to 6N aim at autonomous distributed control in which the interlocking control across the distributed control systems 6A to 6N is executed. . Therefore, if an attempt is made to realize a completely autonomous distributed control configuration, each distributed control device 6A ...
6N requires a memory capacity sufficient to manage data of the number of signals of the entire system and a high-performance device having a performance capable of processing them, resulting in a high cost overall. Further, in order to share all signals among the distributed control devices 6A to 6N, it is necessary to flow a large amount of data on the LAN 3, and there is a problem that the program becomes complicated.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems, and it is possible to execute the interlocking control between the distributed control devices without mounting an unnecessarily large amount of memory and to reduce the number of communication occurrences. An object is to provide a building management device.

[0009]

A building management device according to a first aspect of the present invention divides a management point into local points and global points, and which local point corresponds to the global point. Is provided and the global points are notified to each distributed control device.

The building management apparatus according to the second invention is the building management apparatus according to the first invention, in which only the central monitoring apparatus is notified of the status change of the local points, and the distributed control apparatus uses the broadcast communication function to notify the status change of the global points. It is intended to notify all of.

The building management apparatus according to a third aspect of the present invention is the building management apparatus according to the second aspect, wherein the central monitoring apparatus receives a notification of the latest state of the global points from the distributed control apparatus, and the distributed control apparatus other than the distributed control apparatus which has received the notification. All the control devices are notified.

Further, the building management apparatus according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, in the second aspect of the invention, detects a timing at which the state of the management point changes a lot, and when the number of state changes reaches a predetermined value or more at this timing, the state changes. Is notified to the central monitoring device and other distributed control devices.

The building management apparatus according to the fifth aspect of the present invention is the building management apparatus according to the second aspect of the present invention, which detects a timing at which the state of the management point changes a lot, and when a predetermined time elapses at this timing, the state change is centrally monitored. The device and other distributed control devices are notified.

[0014]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Embodiment 1. 1 to 11 are views showing an embodiment of the first to fifth inventions of the present invention, FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram, and FIG.
Shows the broadcast communication function, and FIG. 3 shows the signal transfer.
(A) is between the central monitoring device and the distributed control device, FIG. 3 (B) is between the distributed control devices, FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of management points, FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of local points and global points, and FIG. 6 is a global point definition FIG. 7 is a data diagram of local points and global points.

FIG. 8 is a signal flow explanatory diagram, FIG. 9 is an operation flowchart of the distributed control device, FIG. 10 is an operation flowchart of the central monitoring device, and FIG. 11 is a signal notification operation flowchart of the distributed control device. Shows the part.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 is a central monitoring device for managing the entire building, which is a LAN together with the monitoring terminals 2A to 2N.
(Local Area Network) 3 is connected. Four
Is a transmission interface, which connects the private branch exchange 5 to the LAN 3. Denoted at 6A to 6N are distributed control devices connected to the private branch exchange 5, to which facility controllers 7A to 7N are connected, and the facility controllers 7A to 7N are facility facilities 8A to 8N installed in appropriate locations in the building. Are connected.

Here, the distributed controllers 6A to 6N have an interface function, and interface digital inputs and digital outputs of parallel signals, analog inputs and analog outputs, and the like. There are also cases where the interface is performed by serial transmission. In addition, the distributed control devices 6A to 6N internally store information on the facilities 8A to 8N,
This is notified to the transmission interface device 4 and other distributed control devices 6A to 6N via the private branch exchange 5. Further, the facilities 8A to 8N are subjected to schedule control or interlock control according to preset conditions.

The distributed control devices 6A to 6N also control the facilities 8A to 8N according to control commands from the monitoring terminals 2A and 2B and the central monitoring device 1. As the private branch exchange 5, an ISDN (Circle Integrated Digital Network) digital exchange introduced in many buildings in recent years is used. ISD
Since the data can be put on the communication control message (D channel) through the N user interface, high speed communication is possible. Some private branch exchanges 5 have a user interface that provides a broadcast communication function.

FIG. 3 shows an outline of the broadcast communication function. The broadcast communication function is a function in which all the messages output from the transmission destination are transmitted to the child stations of a preset group, as shown in, for example, Japanese Patent Application No. 178585. . It is possible to easily send a message from the distributed control devices 6A to 6N to the central monitoring device 1 and other distributed control devices 6A to 6N. However, in the case of the broadcast communication function, there is no guarantee that it will be reliably transmitted to the other station, so a program to cover it is required.

Since the private branch exchange 5 is one of the most important facilities in a building in recent years, a double system or a hot line is used to ensure high reliability. . Therefore, when considering the reliability of building management equipment,
It can be considered that the reliability of the connection portion of the private branch exchange 5 is sufficiently ensured.

On the other hand, the operator of the building management apparatus is in a disaster prevention center or the like and monitors the entire building. Therefore, the information of each of the distributed control devices 6A to 6N is collected in the central monitoring device 1 via the transmission interface device 4. The information collected in the central monitoring device 1 is searched and processed in response to a request from the monitoring terminals 2A, 2B, and the monitoring terminals 2A, 2B
It is sent to 2B and displayed in various formats such as graphics and tables.

In general, the central monitoring device 1 and the monitoring terminal 2
Since engineering workstations and personal computers are used for A and 2B, LAN3 such as Ethernet is used for connecting these devices. Therefore, the transmission interface device 4 is required for connection with the private branch exchange 5.

In order to realize interlocking control with the signals managed by the other distributed control devices 6A to 6N, the distributed control devices 6A to 6N fetch the signal states of the other distributed control devices 6A to 6N. There is a need. Figure 3 shows the signal transfer status
Shown in (A) and (B). In FIG. 3A, the central monitoring device 1 transmits necessary information among the information collected from the distributed control devices 6A to 6N to the distributed control devices 6A to 6N.

In FIG. 3B, by using the broadcast communication function of the private branch exchange 5, the other distributed control devices 6A to 6N receive the information notified from each of the distributed control devices 6A to 6N, and the necessary information is received. It only captures information. However, in the case of FIG. 3A, there is a defect that the information from the distributed control devices 6A to 6N is not notified when the central monitoring device 1 is out of order. Further, in the case of FIG. 3 (B), it is conceivable that the heavy load on the private branch exchange 5 due to the heavy use of the broadcast communication function will hinder other general telephone exchange operations.

Further, since the broadcast communication function does not have a reliable guarantee that information is notified to all distributed control devices 6A to 6N, control failure may occur. Therefore, by combining both of these ideas, it is proposed to provide a highly reliable means for reducing the load on the private branch exchange 5 as much as possible.

First, the equipment 8 is installed in the distributed control devices 6A to 6N.
In order to manage the states of A to 8N, a management point table 11 is created as shown in FIG. Each equipment 8A to 8N is assigned a point number, and the necessary items such as the type of signal (for example, whether it is a status signal or an alarm signal), the name, the level of another alarm, the position of the equipment 8A to 8N, etc. It is set. Such means are generally implemented in a building management device.

Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the managed points are registered in the management point table 11 of FIG. 4, and these are set as local points 11A. Furthermore, a point common to all distributed control devices 6A to 6N is added as a global point 11B. The global point definition table 12 shown in FIG. 6 is prepared for the global points 11B, and it is defined which of the distributed control devices 6A to 6N the local points 11A actually correspond to. For example, the point number “900001” of the global point 11B is the local point 1
It corresponds to the point number “000123” of 1A.

Here, the distributed controller number "0" indicates that this global point is not defined yet. The management point table 11 and the global point definition table 12 are stored in the databases 6Aa to 6Na (FIG. 8) of all the distributed control devices 6A to 6N. A sufficient number of global points 11B are prepared in advance, and are set and used when necessary according to the operation of the building management apparatus.

Database 1a of central monitoring device 1 (FIG. 8)
7, the local point 11AA of the distributed control device 6A, the local point 11AB of the distributed control device 6B ... The local point 1 of the distributed control device 6N
The management point list 13 of the 1AN and the global points 11B is saved and manages the information of the entire building management device. On the other hand, each of the distributed control devices 6A to 6N has a local point 11A and a global point 11B that it manages.
Manage only the information in.

Next, how information is notified when the state of the equipment 8A actually changes will be described with reference to FIG. The state change of the equipment 8A is caused by the equipment controller 7A
Detected by the distributed control device 6 as indicated by arrow A.
Sent to A. The decentralized control device 6A converts this signal state change into the management point table 11, and the internal database 6
Save in Aa. Also, the global point definition table 12
By this, it is determined whether this signal is defined at the global point 11B, and if it is defined, the signal at the global point 11B is changed.

Next, the distributed control device 6A notifies the central monitoring device 1 of the signal change of the local point 11A via the transmission interface device 4, as indicated by arrows B, C and E. If this signal is defined as a global signal, the global signal will also change. The change information of the global signal is notified to the central monitoring device 1 and the other distributed control devices 6A to 6N by using the broadcast communication function of the private branch exchange 5, as shown by arrows B, C, E and D. The information in the central monitoring device 1 is displayed on the monitoring terminals 2A and 2B as shown by the arrow F.

Next, the operation of the distributed controller 6A in this case will be described with reference to FIG. In step 21, the distributed controller 6
A waits for the notification of the signal change from the equipment controller 7A, and when the notification comes, the signal state of the local point 11A is first changed in step 22 and stored in the database 6Aa. Next, at step 23, this local point 11
It is determined whether A is registered in the global point definition table 12, and if it is registered, the global point 1
The signal state of 1B is changed and stored in the database 6Aa.

In step 24, the global point 11 is sent to all distributed control devices 6A to 6N by the broadcast communication function.
Notify the change of the signal state of B. And step 25
Central monitoring device 1 for signal changes at local point 11A
Notify. If it is determined in step 23 that the global point definition table 12 is not registered, the process jumps to step 25 and only the central monitoring device 1 is notified. Since the notification to the central monitoring device 1 is one-to-one communication, it can be surely notified by the response from the other party. The distributed control device 6A has been described above.
The 6N operation is similar.

Next, communication between the central monitoring device 1 and each of the distributed control devices 6A to 6N for ensuring the uncertainty of notification by the broadcast communication function will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 10 shows a process that the central monitoring device 1 executes at regular intervals with the distributed control devices 6A to 6N. In step 31, for example, the state of the local point 11A in the distributed control device 6A is received and stored in the database 1a in the central monitoring device 1. Notification of local point 11A,
One-to-one communication is reliable, but in addition to communicating for safety, all data of the local point 11A for storing data that does not need to be sent each time it changes, such as analog values and pulse integrated values, is stored. To receive.

Next, in step 32, the state of the signal defining the local point 11A in the distributed control device 6A among the global points 11B is received and stored in the database 1a. In step 33, the information of the other global points 11B is transmitted from the central monitoring device 1 to the distributed control device 6A and stored in the database 6Aa in the distributed control device 6A. This makes it possible to match the states of the global signals and complete the communication with the distributed control device 6A. In step 34, the next distributed control device 6B is selected, and the processes of steps 31 to 33 are repeated. As a result, the states of all the distributed control devices 6A to 6N and the central monitoring device 1 can be adjusted.

According to the above procedure, the distributed control devices 6A to 6N
If the data areas of the local points 11A and the predetermined number of global points 11B are secured inside, the interlocking control between the distributed control devices 6A to 6N can be performed. Further, the signal change of the local point 11A is notified only to the central monitoring device 1, and the global point 11B is notified to all the distributed control devices 6A to 6N by the broadcast communication function. This is because even when the central monitoring device 1 is out of order,
This indicates that the distributed control devices 6A to 6N can be interlocked.

Further, the uncertainty of the broadcast communication function is covered by the state matching with the central monitoring device 1. Also, the load on the private branch exchange 5 is reduced. Further, the distributed control devices 6A to 6N collectively notify the change information by predicting the occurrence of signal changes from the facilities 8A to 8N. This will be described with reference to FIG.

At step 41, it is judged whether the present timing is the time when many signals from the equipments 8A to 8N are generated. The timing when a large number of signals are generated means that a predetermined number or more of facilities 8A to 8N are used for schedule control, interlocking control, demand control, etc.
On the other hand, the control is started for a certain period of time after the control is started, and for a certain period of time after detecting a signal such as a power failure or power recovery. At such a timing, it is predicted that a large number of signal changes from the facilities 8A to 8N will be notified. If it is determined in step 41 that it is not time to generate many signals, a change signal is immediately notified in step 45.

If it is determined in step 41 that it is time to generate a large number of signals, the process proceeds to step 42 to determine whether the number of signals to be notified has reached a predetermined number or more. Immediate notification. If it is less than the predetermined number, the process proceeds to step 43, and it is determined whether the signal holding time exceeds the predetermined time. If it exceeds the predetermined time, the change signal is immediately notified in step 45, and if it is less than the predetermined time. The process proceeds to step 44, and the data to be notified is held at a temporary point. As a result, notification is made at a predetermined time interval or a predetermined number of data, and the number of times of communication can be reduced.

Here, steps 21 to 25 are communication means, steps 31 to 34 are state matching means, and step 4
1 is a timing prediction means, steps 42, 43, 45
Constitutes a notification condition detecting means.

In this way, in the first invention, the management points in the distributed control devices 6A to 6N are divided into local points and global points, and the local points are defined in the global points. There is an effect that it is possible to execute the interlocking control across the distribution devices with a simple program without mounting an unnecessarily large amount of memory on 6A to 6N.

In the second aspect of the invention, only the central monitoring device 1 is notified of the status change of the local point, the central monitoring device 1 is notified of the status change of the global point, and the distributed control device is used by using the broadcast communication function. Since 6A to 6N are notified, the communication frequency can be reduced,
Even if the central monitoring device 1 is out of order, the distributed control device 6
There is an effect that the interlocking control between A to 6N can be realized.

Further, in the third invention, among the signal changes of the global points, the state changes of the points defined in the distributed control devices 6A to 6N are received, and the state changes of the other global points are received. Since it is transmitted to all of the above, it is possible to match the state change of the global point between the central monitoring device 1 and the distributed control devices 6A to 6N, and eliminate the uncertainty due to the broadcast communication function at a constant cycle. There is an effect.

Further, in the fourth aspect of the invention, when the number of state changes reaches a predetermined value or more, and in the fifth aspect of the invention, when the predetermined time elapses, the accumulated state changes are sent to the central monitoring unit 1 and other distributed control units. Since the notification is made, there is an effect that the load on the private branch exchange 5 can be reduced and the influence on other general telephone lines can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a broadcast communication function according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a signal transmission / reception explanatory view showing the first embodiment of the invention, in which A is between the central monitoring device and the distributed control device, and B is between the distributed control devices.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of management points showing the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of local points and global points according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a global point definition diagram showing the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a local point and global point data diagram showing the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a signal flow explanatory diagram showing the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an operation flowchart of the distributed control device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is an operation flowchart of the central monitoring apparatus showing the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a signal notification operation flowchart of the distributed controller according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is an overall configuration diagram showing a conventional building management device.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Central monitoring equipment, 5 networks (private branch exchange),
6A to 6N distributed control device, 7A to 7N equipment controller,
8A-8N equipment, 11 management point table, 11A local point, 11B global point, 12
Global point definition table, 13 management point list, 21-25 communication means, 31-34 state matching means,
41 timing predicting means, 42, 43, 45 notification condition detecting means.

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A central monitoring device for managing the entire building has a plurality of distributed control devices connected via a network having a broadcast communication function, and in-building equipment connected to each of the distributed control devices. In the device for managing the above, the management point provided in each of the distributed control devices is divided into a local point to which the facility in the building is actually connected, and a global point common to all of the distributed control devices, and The global point is provided with a point table indicating which local point of the distributed control device it corresponds to, and communication means for notifying the distributed control devices of the global point indicated in the point table. A building management device characterized by being equipped. 2. The communication means notifies only the central monitoring device of the status change of the local point, notifies the central monitoring device of the status change of the global point, and also notifies all of the distributed control devices by the broadcast communication function. The building management device according to claim 1, wherein the building management device is configured to do so. 3. The distributed control device, which is provided with the central monitoring device, receives the latest state of the global point from the distributed control device in which the global state is set, and the latest state of the global point that has received the notification is the distributed control device that has received the notification. 3. The building management device according to claim 2, further comprising state matching means for notifying all of the distributed control devices other than the device. 4. A timing predicting means provided in a distributed control device for detecting a timing when a state of a management point changes a lot, and when the timing predicting means operates and the number of changes of the state becomes a predetermined number or more, the state is changed. 3. The building management apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising notification condition detecting means for notifying the central monitoring apparatus and other distributed control apparatus of the change of the above. 5. A timing monitoring means provided in the distributed control device for detecting a timing at which the status of a management point changes a lot, and a central monitoring device for monitoring the status change when the timing prediction means operates and a predetermined time elapses. 3. The building management device according to claim 2, further comprising notification condition detection means for notifying the other distributed control device.