JPH09178735A - Analytical/diagnostic system for soil - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To process a large number of specimens accurately in a short time while suppressing artificial fluctuation or erroneous work by automating the pretreatment of soil analysis and combining steps from reception/registration to fertilization schedule organically. SOLUTION: History and analytical terms are inputted for a plurality of kinds of soil on a reception/registration terminal 1. A pretreatment terminal 2 designates the metric values and pretreatment method of soil for each analytical term and an automatic pretreatment unit 3 performs measurement, extraction and filtration automatically to prepare an analytical sample. Metric values of each soil and the quantity of extraction liquid are recorded by the terminal 2. After finishing pretreatment, a terminal 4 for analysis selects corresponding analytical method and analyzer. Analyzers 6 then performs analysis depending on the analytical terms and the analytical values of a plurality of components of soil are calculated and recorded by the terminal 4. A diagnostic terminal 7 receives a data from the terminals 2, 4 and determines a diagnostic fertilization schedule based on diagnostic criteria accumulated in a data base 8. Information thus obtained is displayed collectively on a screen or outputted.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a soil analysis / diagnosis system used in fields such as agriculture, and in particular, it automatically extracts and filters available components (nutrients) in soil, In order to analyze the available components and manage fertilization according to the actual condition of the soil, organically manage each part from registration of soil registration to extraction of available components, analysis, analysis result analysis, and fertilization design. It relates to a combined soil analysis and diagnosis system.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art It is important to analyze available components in soil and apply fertilizer appropriately in order to maximize stable and safe crops in a limited cultivated area. . Conventionally, the analysis item in this soil analysis is CaO.
(Lime), MgO (magnesium), K ₂ O (potassium), P ₂ O
₅ (phosphate), NO ₃ -N (nitrite nitrogen), NH ₄ -N
Recyclable components such as (ammonia nitrogen), Cu (copper),
Zn (zinc), Fe (iron), Mn (manganese), Ni
There are trace elements such as (nickel) and Cd (cadmium), and further, pH (hydrogen ion concentration) and EC (electrical conductivity) are measured.

FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of this work process.
A reception process 11 for receiving and registering soil, a pretreatment process 12 for taking out available components in soil, an analysis process 13 for analyzing available components, and an analysis result for each received sample.
Diagnosis and fertilization design process 14 that takes into consideration crops, etc.
Is made up of In the reception step 11, the reception date, the item to be analyzed, the soil type, the target crop, etc. are clarified (reception registration 15). In the pretreatment step 12, the soil such as the accepted fields and paddy fields is dried (16), and the components in the soil are made uniform and fine, and pulverization / classification (17) is performed to remove wood chips, rocks and the like. Further, a prescribed amount of this sample is weighed (18) corresponding to each analysis item, a prescribed amount of the prescribed extract is added, and the available components are separated from the soil. That is, the soil and the extract are mixed and shaken to extract the available components (1
9) and filter (20) to separate the soil from the extract. In the analysis step 13, the concentration of each component in the extract is obtained by the analysis device group A (21) such as an atomic absorption photometer and a spectrophotometer. The pH and EC are analyzed with the pH meter and EC meter of the analyzer group B (22) in a state where the soil is mixed. In the diagnosis / fertilization design process 14, the diagnostic criteria data in which the proper range of soil components is registered for each crop and each cultivation site for each received soil, and the material name and the component content rate are set to magnesia, phosphoric acid, potassium, and lime. Based on the classified and registered soil improvement material data, etc., the received soil is subjected to diagnosis / fertilization design 23 based on the analysis result. In addition, among the series of work contents, JP-A-3-273162 discloses a work for determining the amount of fertilizer to be added to the soil by determining the excess or deficiency from the analysis result of the available components in the soil. In order to reduce the work time, it is described that the analysis result is compared with a database holding optimum values of predetermined components such as soil to make a diagnosis.

[0004]

Conventionally, the results of the reception, measurement, analysis, diagnosis and fertilization design of the soil described above have not been centrally managed. In this case, when analyzing and diagnosing a small number of samples, there are few obstacles, but when analyzing and diagnosing a large number of samples in a short time, a lot of manpower is required and also a lot of manpower is required. However, it was difficult to carry out accurate analysis and diagnosis due to artificial variations.

An object of the present invention is to improve the above conventional points,
Provide a soil analysis / diagnosis system that can perform accurate analysis by digesting multiple samples in a short time for a series of operations required for soil analysis from reception registration, pretreatment, analysis, diagnosis / fertilization design. Especially.

[0006]

According to the present invention, in the conventional analysis method, a lot of time and manpower are spent for pretreatment work for producing a sample in which the available components in soil are eluted, so that various analyzers can be used. Focusing on the fact that it was difficult to increase the reliability of the analysis value due to the fact that the operating capacity could not be fully exerted and that there was artificial variation and accurate dispensing was not possible, and this pretreatment work was automated. The present invention aims to systematize soil analysis / diagnosis work by making it possible to process a plurality of samples and organically combining each process including this pretreatment work.

That is, in order to achieve the above object, the present invention analyzes at least one of the available components of soil, trace elements, hydrogen ion concentration, and electric conductivity, and adjusts to the actual condition of the soil. In the soil analysis / diagnosis system that manages fertilization, the soil registration / registration terminal device that specifies the available components to be analyzed in the soil and the items required for analysis management, and the reception Connect to the registration terminal device, determine the pretreatment of the soil based on the analysis item of the soil that has been received and registered, and connect the pretreatment terminal device that aggregates the pretreatment results and the pretreatment terminal device. , Weighing the plurality of soils registered and registered based on the pretreatment method determined by the pretreatment terminal device, dispensing extraction liquid, and filtering work automatically to obtain a ready state in a plurality of soils. Pretreatment device for taking out components and the like, and the pretreatment device And an analyzer for automatically analyzing the available components in the soil taken out in 1. and the analyzer, the analysis results of the analyzer are collectively tabulated, and the pretreatment is performed. A terminal device for analysis, which is connected to a terminal device or a database for accumulating pretreatment results in the pretreatment terminal device, and which calculates the component analysis value of soil by combining the pretreatment results from these and the analysis result, Analysis data from the analysis terminal device connected to the analysis terminal device,
Further, it is characterized in that it is provided with a diagnosis terminal device for performing fertilization design based on the diagnosis reference data, soil improvement material data and the like accumulated in the database in advance.

Further, according to the present invention, the respective terminal devices are connected by a communication network, and at least the reception registration terminal device or the diagnosis terminal device receives the acceptance item, the preprocessing result, the analysis result, the diagnosis / fertilization design result. It is characterized in that the above items are integrated into one and displayed or output on the screen.

The present invention is specifically constructed as follows, for example. That is, for registration and registration of soil, a registration registration terminal device for arranging the soil name, reception date, item to be analyzed, soil type, target crop, etc. is arranged. In the pretreatment process, the measurement value of soil and the amount of extract to be injected, which are the pretreatment conditions, differ depending on the analysis item. Therefore,
In order to process a large number of specimens in a short time, pretreatment work should be performed under the same conditions, a large number of registered soils should be weighed, and the extract should be automatically and accurately proportional to each weighing result. A pretreatment device that automatically filters after injecting and dispensing the available ingredients and shaking and a terminal device that can instruct the pretreatment work and collect results are arranged. The analysis process consists of automatic chemical analyzers, atomic absorption spectrophotometers, pH meters, EC meters and other automatic analyzers according to the analysis items of the available components, and the analysis instructions and analysis of the analytical sample containing the available components. An analysis terminal device that collectively manages each analysis device that can aggregate the results will be installed. Then, by connecting each of the above terminal devices through a communication network, a diagnostic terminal device having diagnostic data such as diagnostic criteria for diagnosing and fertilizing each soil based on information from each terminal device, and the terminal device Place the connected output device. It is effective to use this terminal device also as the reception registration terminal device in order to reduce the system cost.

Further, the operation of the above system is as follows. First, for a plurality of soils to be analyzed / diagnosed, the reception / registration section inputs or selects the soil history contents and the component items to be analyzed. It is necessary to analyze many components for one soil, and it is necessary to carry out some pretreatments for each analysis item. In the pretreatment process, the pretreatment method such as the measured value of soil for each analysis item, the type of extract, the amount of extracted / filtrate, etc. is instructed, and the soil is measured and the available components are extracted / filtered according to the pretreatment process Automatically and accurately, make a sample for analysis, and weigh each soil, and record the results of the amount of extract in the pretreatment terminal device. The extraction liquid can be dispensed accurately because it is proportional to the soil measurement value.
When the pretreatment is completed, the progress of the work is confirmed by the analysis terminal device, and the analysis method and the analysis device corresponding to the pretreatment method are selected. Analyzing with an analyzer, the concentration of the analysis component is calculated based on the actual measurement data in the pretreatment, and a plurality of component analysis values for soil is calculated and recorded with the analysis terminal device. Necessary data is transferred from the above two terminal devices to the diagnostic terminal device via the communication network, and the soil for which analysis has been completed is diagnosed according to the diagnostic criteria for each crop / soil registered internally at free time.・ Display and output diagnosis results including soil history contents at the time of fertilization design and registration at reception.

[0011]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment of a soil analysis / diagnosis system according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the system configuration of an embodiment of the present invention.
In FIG. 1, 1 is a reception registration terminal device, 2 is a pretreatment terminal device, 3 is an automatic pretreatment device, 4 is an analysis terminal device,
Reference numeral 5 is an auto handler, 6 is an analyzer, 7 is a diagnostic terminal device, 8 is a database, 9 is an output device, and 10 is a communication network. It is more effective to use the reception registration terminal device 1 and the diagnosis terminal device 7 together.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the automatic pretreatment apparatus. In FIG. 3, 24 a is a sample container, 24 b is a filtering container, 25 a is a sample pallet, 25 b is a filtering pallet, 26 is an extraction container, 27 is an extraction pallet, 28
Is a handling device, 29 is a soil measuring unit, 30 is an extract injection unit, 31 is a dispenser, 32 is a sample liquid suction nozzle, 33
Is a sample liquid suction nozzle cleaning / separating unit.

For a plurality of soils to be analyzed / diagnosed, a reception number, a reception date, a name, a field name, an address, a crop name, a soil property, an analysis item, etc. are input or selected, and a reception registration work is performed by a reception registration terminal. Performed by the device 1. At that time, the data for clarifying the specimens for which the pretreatment work corresponding to the analysis items is collectively made are made at the same time.

The first operation of the pretreatment is to dry the soil, pulverize it to make the components in the soil finer, and put it in a predetermined clean container in order to automatically perform the subsequent operations from weighing to filtration. . When measuring the amount of soil and extracting available components, the amount of soil, the type of extraction liquid, and the amount of extraction liquid differ depending on the analysis target component, so the soil placed in the container is divided into several parts depending on the pretreatment method. For example, CaO, MgO, K ₂ O
The analysis of the available components of the above is the same pretreatment method, and 1 g of the soil put in the container is taken out and 10 ml of ammonium acetate is used as an extraction liquid and put in 10 ml, which is treated as one pretreatment group.

Sample container 24a containing soil after classification
Are placed on a predetermined position of the sample pallet 25a that can be attached to and detached from the automatic pretreatment device 3 and the number of the samples to be pretreated is placed. Further, the same number or more of empty extraction containers 26 into which the soil after weighing is put are set on the extraction pallet 27 and attached to a predetermined position of the automatic pretreatment device 3. Next, each of the extraction containers 26 in the extraction pallet 27 is individually grasped by a handling device 28 such as a robot and placed on a soil weighing unit 29 such as an electronic balance that automatically measures the weight, and the tare weight is measured.
After that, the soil take-out unit (not shown) installed in the handling device 28 is used to store the sample container 24a containing soil.
A predetermined amount of soil is taken out, placed in the extraction container 26, the weight thereof is measured by the soil measuring unit 29, and the data is transferred to the pretreatment terminal device 2 and stored in the database 8 via the communication network 10. Record. Next, the handling device 28
The extraction container 26 containing the soil by the extraction liquid injection part 30
The pretreatment terminal device 2 injects the extraction liquid in proportion to the measured value of the soil from the pipetting device 31, and thereafter, the extraction container 26 is moved to the extraction pallet 27 by the handling device 28. Return to the original position. In this way, weighing and dispensing operations are performed on a plurality of soils in the sample pallet 25a. When the weighing and dispensing work is completed, the entire extraction pallet 27 containing the extraction container 26 is placed on a shaking device and shaken for a predetermined time.

In the filtration operation, a filtration pallet 25b containing a plurality of filtration containers 24b on which filter paper is placed is attached to a predetermined position in the pretreatment device 3. Handling device 28
A predetermined amount of the sample liquid is sucked from the shaken extraction container 26 by the sample liquid suction nozzle 32 that is automatically selected and held at, and is discharged onto the filter paper of the filtration container 24b in the filtration pallet 25b. After that, the inside of the sample liquid suction nozzle 32 is automatically cleaned with pure water in the sample liquid suction nozzle cleaning / separating unit 33, and the filtering operation is automatically repeated for the number of sample liquids.

When the preprocessing is completed, the preprocessing terminal device 2
Completion information is input to, a pretreatment group that can be analyzed by the analysis terminal device 4 is selected via the communication network 10, and a necessary analyzer is selected from the analyzers 6. For example, the above-mentioned CaO,
Analyzing device 6 for the analysis of MgO and K ₂ O
In the automatic chemical analyzer in, the atomic absorption spectrophotometer is selected for trace elements such as Cu, Zn, and Fe, the pH meter is selected for pH, and the EC meter is selected for EC. The filtration container 24b containing the sample solution is set in the autohandler 5 installed along with various analyzers. After that, the analysis result is automatically analyzed, and the analysis result is connected to the analysis device 6 and the analysis terminal device 4 records the soil measurement value and the actual measurement data of the extract liquid recorded in the database 8 via the communication network 10. Take out and calculate the concentration of the analytical component. After the analysis, this result is recorded in the database 8 via the communication network 10.

In the diagnosis / fertilization design work, the soil for which all the analysis items have been completed is confirmed by the diagnosis terminal device 7, and the analysis of the soil sent from the analysis terminal device 4 to the diagnosis terminal device 7 is performed. It is performed based on the result data and the database 8 of the crops connected to and stored in the diagnosis terminal device 7, the diagnosis reference data registered for each cultivation site, the soil improvement material data, and the like. For example, for components whose analysis value does not reach the target value of the analysis component from the diagnostic reference data, phosphoric acid is improved, and then necessary amounts of lime, magnesia and potassium are automatically calculated. Then, the items received by the reception / registration terminal device 1 and the diagnosis / fertilization design result are collected on the screen of the diagnosis terminal device 7 and displayed and output by the output device 9.

[0019]

As described above, according to the present invention, a series of operations as soil analysis from reception / registration, pretreatment, analysis, diagnosis / fertilization design can be performed accurately by eliminating artificial variations and erroneous operations. It can be done quickly and the reliability of the analysis value can be improved. Further, it is possible to easily cope with an increase in the number of samples for soil analysis, and it is possible to save labor.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a system configuration of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a soil analysis work process.

FIG. 3 is a plan configuration diagram of an automatic pretreatment device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Reception registration terminal device, 2 ... Pretreatment terminal device, 3 ... Automatic pretreatment device, 4 ... Analysis terminal device, 5 ... Autohandler, 6 ... Analytical device, 7 ... Diagnostic terminal device, 8 ... Database, 9 ... Output device, 10 ... Communication network, 11 ... Reception process, 12 ... Pretreatment process, 13 ... Analysis process, 14 ... Diagnosis / fertilization design process, 15 ... Reception / registration, 16 ... Drying, 17 ... Grinding / Classification, 18 ... Weighing, 19 ... Shaking, 20 ... Filtration, 21 ... Analytical instrument group A, 22 ... Analytical instrument group B, 23 ... Diagnostic / fertilization design, 24a ... Sample container, 24b ... Filtration container, 25a ... Sample pallet, 25b ... Filtration pallet, 26 ... Extraction container, 27 ... Extraction pallet, 28 ... Handling device, 29 ... Soil metering section, 30 ... Extraction solution injecting section, 31 ... Dispenser, 32 ... Sample solution Suction nozzle, 3 3 ... Sample liquid suction nozzle cleaning / separating part.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Junko Ito 4-6 Kanda Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Hitachi Ltd. (72) Inventor Kazuo Fujihira 800 Tomita, Ohira-machi, Shimotsuga-gun, Tochigi Prefecture (72) Inventor Tokuro Ikemoto 5-8-10 Sendagaya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo Inside Hitachi Measuring Instruments Service Co., Ltd.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. At least one of the available components of soil, trace elements, hydrogen ion concentration, and electrical conductivity is analyzed,
Fertilizer management according to the actual condition of the soil
In the diagnostic system, a soil registration / registration terminal device that specifies the available components to be analyzed in the soil and the items required for analysis management, and the reception / registration terminal device The pretreatment of the soil is determined based on the registered soil analysis items, and the pretreatment terminal device that collects the pretreatment results is connected to the pretreatment terminal device, and the pretreatment terminal device determines the pretreatment terminal device. Based on the pretreatment method, the measurement of the plurality of soils registered and accepted, dispensing of the extract, automatically performing a filtering operation, and a pretreatment device for extracting the available components in the plurality of soils, and the like. An analyzer that automatically analyzes the available components in the soil taken out by the pretreatment device, and the analyzer are connected to collectively analyze the analysis results of the analyzer. In the pretreatment terminal device or the pretreatment terminal device An analysis terminal device which is connected to a database for accumulating pretreatment results, and which calculates the component analysis value of soil by combining the pretreatment results from these and the analysis results, and the analysis terminal device, Soil analysis / diagnosis, characterized in that it has a diagnostic terminal device for performing fertilization design based on analysis data from the terminal device for diagnosis, and diagnostic reference data and soil improvement material data accumulated in advance in a database. system. 2. The soil analysis / diagnosis system according to claim 1, wherein the respective terminal devices are connected by a communication network, and at least the reception registration terminal device or the diagnosis terminal device accepts items and pre-processes. A soil analysis / diagnosis system characterized by consolidating the results, analysis results, diagnosis / fertilization design results, etc. into a single screen display or output.