JPH09175735A - Fiber guidance member - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make a fiber guidance member itself abrasion preventive and lessen damage to a fiber by using a ceramics or a glass, to which a thermal expansion coefficient and heat resistance impact temperature indicate specific values, as a basic material and covering the surface of the area where it slides with the fiber with a diamond shape hard carbon film in a specific thickness. SOLUTION: Regarding various kinds of textile machine, a a fiber guidance member 1 for guiding and sliding the fiber is covered with a diamond shape hard carbon film 3 in the thickness of 0.2 to 1.2μm on its surface of the end side of a base material 2 composed of a ceramics or a glass and guides the fiber 4 using the surface of the film 3 as a guidance surface 3a. The parent body 2 of a thermal expansion coefficient of 2.5 to 11.0×10<-6> / deg.C at 40 to 400 deg.C and thermal shock resistance temperature ΔT of 200 deg.C or more is used. The base material 2 surface is formed so that the center line average roughness may be 0.03 to 0.2μm and a void occupation ration may be less than 2% and, to be further preferable, the sliding surface of the base material 2 with the fiber 4 is specified to be 0.4 to 0.6μm center line average roughness.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a textile-related loom,
Various textile machines such as winding machines, drawing false twisting machines, and spinning machines,
Alternatively, it relates to a fiber guide member used for a fishing line guide or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a fiber guide member for guiding and sliding fibers has been used in various textile machines. The characteristic required for the fiber guide member is that the fiber slides. Having wear resistance that can withstand,
The two points of not damaging the fiber itself are raised.

In order to satisfy the above required characteristics, various materials are used as the material of the fiber guide member. For example, the fiber guide made of titania ceramics, which has a relatively low hardness, and the surface of the base material made of metal are coated with chromium, and spherical crystallization reduces the contact area between the fiber and the guide member, thus reducing the friction coefficient. Fiber guides are used.

Alumina, zirconia, silicon nitride,
A fiber guide member having improved wear resistance is used by forming it from various ceramics such as silicon carbide or a hard material such as cermet (Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-41532).
No., Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-6106, etc.). Furthermore, a fiber guide member having improved wear resistance has also been proposed by forming a hard film of tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, titanium nitride or the like on the surface of a base material made of metal or ceramics (JP-A-60-60). No. 52658).

[0005]

In the textile-related industry in recent years, the speeding up of machines has been progressing due to the efficiency of production, and the fineness, compounding and irregular shape have been accompanied by the high added value of fibers. Is progressing.

[0006] For example, as a specific example of increasing the added value of the fiber, the fiber shape may be formed into a triangular shape or a star shape in order to give the cloth a color and a unique luster, or a glass fiber may be woven into the fiber. Has been done.

Due to the high sliding speed and the specialization of fibers, the abrasion of the fiber guide member, which has not been seen in the specifications up to now, has come to occur quickly. As a result, there has been a problem that the maintenance of the equipment and the replacement work of the guide member become frequent, and the efficiency of production cannot be advanced as desired.

Under these circumstances, a guide material having more excellent wear resistance is required, but the fiber guide described above could not satisfy the required characteristics.

For example, a fiber guide made of chromium coating or titania-based ceramics has a low hardness, so that the fiber guide itself is easily worn and it is not possible to cope with the above-mentioned high sliding speed.

Further, even a fiber guide made of ceramics such as alumina or a fiber guide member having a hard film made of titanium carbide or the like is still insufficient in hardness and is apt to be worn. Therefore, there is a problem that a sliding mark is generated on the sliding surface of the fiber guide member, the fiber is damaged, and the life of the fiber guide member itself is shortened.

In order to improve wear resistance, it has been proposed to use sapphire, which is a single crystal of Al ₂ O ₃ , for example (see Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 1-321262), but sapphire is pulled up. Since it is manufactured in, it is not possible to cope with a complicated shape, and there is a disadvantage that it becomes very expensive.

Further, the fiber guide member using the above-mentioned ceramics or hard film has a poor slidability with the fiber, so that the fiber to be guided is easily scratched, and the fiber of stable quality cannot be guided at high speed. There was also a problem.

[0013]

Therefore, the present invention provides 40-
Coefficient of thermal expansion at 400 ℃ is 2.5-11.0 × 10 ^-6 / ℃
Then, using a ceramic or glass having a thermal shock resistance ΔT of 200 ° C. or more as a base material, a diamond-like hard carbon film is formed on a surface of at least a portion sliding with fibers in a range of 0.2 to 1.2.
The fiber guide member is characterized by being coated with a thickness of μm.

The present invention is also characterized in that the surface of the base material has a center line average roughness (Ra) of 0.03 to 0.20 μm and a void occupancy rate of less than 2%.

Further, according to the present invention, the surface of the portion of the base material that slides on the fibers has a center line average roughness (Ra) of 0.4 to 0.4.
It is characterized in that it has a diameter of 0.6 μm and is a rounded crystal.

[0016]

According to the present invention, since the diamond-like hard carbon film is coated on the sliding surface of the fiber guide member, the diamond-like hard carbon film has extremely high hardness and excellent lubricity. Not only the member itself is less likely to be worn, but also the sliding fibers are less likely to be damaged.

Further, since the diamond-like hard carbon film has conductivity, it is possible to prevent static electricity from accumulating and to eliminate the adhesion of fiber scraps and the like. Moreover, since the diamond-like hard carbon film is black, the guiding fibers can be easily seen.

Furthermore, by using ceramics or glass as the base material, the diamond-like hard carbon film has a thermal expansion similar to that of the diamond-like hard carbon film and is not plastically deformed, so that the diamond-like hard carbon film can be prevented from peeling.

[0019]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.

The fiber guide member 1 shown in FIG. 1 comprises a rod-shaped base material 2 made of ceramics or glass, and a diamond-like hard carbon film 3 coated on the tip side surface thereof. The surface of the diamond-like hard carbon film 3 is used as a guide surface 3a to guide and slide the fibers 4.

At this time, since the guide surface 3a is made of the diamond-like carbon film 3 which is hard and has excellent lubricity, even if the fiber 4 slides at a high speed, the fiber 4 is not easily scratched and the guide name 3
It is possible to reduce the wear of a itself 1.

The rear end portion 2b of the base material 2 is provided as a mounting portion for a textile machine and is not covered with the diamond-like hard carbon film 3, but this portion is also covered with the diamond-like hard carbon film 3. Good. Although the rod-shaped fiber guide member 1 is shown in FIG. 1, the fiber guide member 1 of the present invention is
In addition to this, various known shapes can be adopted.

The base material 2 is made of ceramics or glass, and particularly has a coefficient of thermal expansion of 2.5 to 1 at 40 to 400.degree.
A material having a thermal shock resistance ΔT of 200 ° C. or higher at 1.0 × 10 ⁻⁶ / ° C. is used.

Here, the reason why the coefficient of thermal expansion of the base material 2 is set within the above range is that the coefficient of thermal expansion of the diamond-like hard carbon film 3 is 0.
Since it is 8 to 7.8 × 10 ⁻⁶ / ° C., the diamond-like hard carbon film 3 is prevented from peeling off due to the difference in thermal expansion due to frictional heat when sliding the fiber 4.

The thermal shock resistance temperature ΔT is a temperature at which the strength of ceramics or glass is drastically lowered when heated or dropped from a certain temperature in water. This thermal shock resistance temperature ΔT is set to 200 ° C. or higher because it is heated to about 200 ° C. when the diamond-like hard carbon film 3 is coated by the plasma CVD method.

As the ceramics satisfying such characteristics, for example, alumina ceramics containing 99% by weight or more of Al ₂ O ₃ as a main component and containing SiO ₂ , MgO, CaO or the like as a sintering aid, ZrO ₂ is used. Y as the main component
Zirconia ceramics containing at least one of ₂ O ₃ , MgO, CeO ₂ , Dy ₂ O ₃ etc. as a stabilizer, Al ₂ O ₃ , Y ₂ O ₃ or B, C as a sintering aid with SiC as a main component Containing silicon carbide ceramics, Si ₃ N ₄
Containing main component and _{Al 2 O 3, Y 2 O} 3 silicon nitride containing as sintering aid such as ceramics, AlN was mainly periodic table group 3a element oxide such as sintering aids Aluminum nitride ceramics or the like is used. In addition,
Various characteristics of these ceramics are shown in Table 1.

Further, as the glass, for example, silicate glass, phosphate glass, borate glass, heat-resistant glass, and the like, which satisfy the above characteristics, can be used.

These ceramics or glass are used as the base material 2
If it is used as, the diamond-like hard carbon film 3 can be prevented from peeling off because it is not plastically deformed. That is, when a metal material or the like is used as the base material 2, when the fiber guide member 1 collides with another member during assembly or use, the base material 2 is plastically deformed, and the diamond-like hard carbon film 3 is formed from this portion.
However, if ceramics or glass is used as the base material 2, it will not be plastically deformed, so the above-mentioned peeling can be prevented.

Further, when the base material 2 is manufactured, it can be obtained by molding a predetermined raw material powder into a predetermined shape by press molding, injection molding or the like and firing it. It can be manufactured easily.

[0030]

[Table 1]

Next, the diamond-like hard carbon film 3 is C
It is a kind of carbon film obtained by a thin film forming means such as the VD method, and is also called as a synthetic pseudo diamond thin film, DLC film, diamond-like carbon film, i-carbon film, etc. The diamond-like hard carbon film 3 has a very high Vickers hardness (Hv) of 3000 to 5000 kg / mm ² , a low volume resistivity value of 10 ⁴ to 10 ⁶ Ω · cm, and an excellent self-lubricating property. Is.

Therefore, when the fiber 4 is slid on the surface of the diamond-like hard carbon film 3, it is hard to wear because of its high hardness, and moreover, the fiber 4 is less likely to be damaged because of its excellent lubricity. Further, since the volume resistivity is low, static electricity is less likely to be accumulated, and the adhesion of fiber wastes can be prevented. Further, since the diamond-like hard carbon film 3 is black, the fibers 4 to be guided are easily visible.

Further, the thickness t of the diamond-like hard carbon film 3 is in the range of 0.2 to 1.2 μm, but if the thickness t is less than 0.2 μm, the base material 2 is likely to be exposed.
This is because if the thickness exceeds μm, the diamond-like hard carbon film 3 is likely to peel off.

By the way, the diamond-like hard carbon film 3 is included as carbon (C) together with diamond etc. in terms of elements, and is similar to graphite or amorphous carbon in terms of specific gravity.
It has characteristics that it is similar to diamond in physical properties such as hardness. Therefore, classification by elemental analysis or measurement of specific gravity, hardness, insulation, refractive index, and the like is considered to be difficult.

Therefore, there is a problem that it is difficult to specify the film obtained by the CVD method and the quality control is difficult. Therefore, in the present invention, laser Raman spectroscopy is used to measure the Raman spectrum to identify the diamond-like hard carbon film 3 having desirable characteristics. Then, according to the present invention, the peak of the Raman spectrum when analyzed by the laser Raman spectroscopic analysis method may satisfy the following condition.

That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the peak is 120
Present in at least one of the range of 0～1400Cm ^-1 and 1500～1600Cm ^-1, at the peak of highest intensity, peak intensity I _A is the intensity I _B of the flat portion of the off-peak
The intensity ratio I _A / I _B is 2 times or more, and the width d of the apex is 10 cm ⁻¹ or more when the apex is in the range of 90% or more of the intensity I _{A at} the maximum peak. It only needs to have a wide peak.

Next, the surface condition of the fiber guide member of the present invention will be described.

That is, in order to reduce the friction coefficient without damaging the fibers 2, the surface condition of the fiber guide member 1 is important, and in the present invention, the following two conditions are preferable as a result of various experiments. Found.

First, in the first state, the surface 2a of the base material 2 is set to have a center line average roughness (Ra) in the range of 0.03 to 0.2 μm, the void occupancy rate is set to 2% or less, and the diamond is added to the surface. The hard carbon film 3 is coated. In addition,
Although the surface state of the base material 2 is described here, the guide surface 3a on the surface of the diamond-like hard carbon film 3 has the center line average roughness (Ra) of 0.03 to 0.2 μm and the void occupancy in the same manner as above. The rate is in the range of 2% or less.

By making the surface extremely smooth and free of voids in this way, the sliding fibers 4 are not caught and the fibers are less likely to be damaged.

On the other hand, in the second state, the surface 2a of the base material 2 is in a relatively rough range of the center line average roughness (Ra) of 0.4 to 0.6 μm, and its crystals are rounded. A diamond-like hard carbon film 3 is coated on this. Although the surface state of the base material 2 is described here, the guide surface 3a on the surface of the diamond-like hard carbon film 3 is also rounded with a center line average roughness (Ra) of 0.4 to 0.6 μm in the same manner as above. It becomes a state in which appropriate irregularities having a tinge are formed.

As described above, by forming appropriate rounded irregularities on the guide surface 3a, the contact area when the fiber 4 slides can be reduced, and the friction coefficient can be reduced.

In order to round the crystal of the base material 2 as described above, for example, the ceramics forming the base material 2 is fired once and then heat-treated (annealed) again at a temperature about the same as the firing temperature. According to the above, the crystal grains may be grown.

Further, comparing the first surface state and the second surface state described above, the friction coefficient can be made lower in the second surface state, but on the other hand, the fiber 4 tends to be slightly damaged. is there. Therefore, depending on the type of the fiber 4 used, the guiding conditions, and the like, any one of the preferable surface states may be set.

The fiber guide member 1 of the present invention as described above
Can be used not only for various textile machines such as a fiber-related loom, a winding machine, a draw false twisting machine, and a spinning machine, but also for a fishing line guide.

[0046]

EXAMPLE 1 As a base material 2, an alumina ceramic having an Al ₂ O ₃ content of 99.7% or more was used. The characteristics of this alumina ceramics are that the average crystal grain size is 2-3 μm, the density is 3.95 g /
cm ³ or more, average void occupancy rate less than 2%, Vickers hardness of 1700 to 1800 kg / mm ² , thermal expansion coefficient of 40
A material having a temperature of 6.8 × 10 ⁻⁶ / ° C. at −400 ° C. and a thermal shock resistance ΔT of 200 ° C. was used. The shape was the pin shape shown in FIG. 1, with a diameter of 6 mm and a length of 40 mm.

The surface 2a of the base material 2 has a center line average roughness (Ra) of 0.3 to 0.4 μm after the firing, and is subjected to a surface treatment by a fluid polishing method to obtain a center line average roughness (Ra). 0.2
The first surface state described above was defined as less than μm.

A diamond-like hard carbon film 3 was deposited on the base material 2 by the plasma CVD method. As for the film thickness t, as a result of rupturing the fiber guide member 1 and observing and measuring it with a scanning electron microscope, the average film thickness was 0.3 μm.
The center line average roughness (Ra) was less than 0.2 μm, and the average void occupancy rate was less than 2%.

With respect to the fiber guide member 1 obtained through the above steps, the fibers 4 are guided, the friction coefficient is measured by a dynamic friction coefficient measuring device, and the state of the fiber 4 side and the fiber guide member 1 side is checked. I observed.

The fiber 4 used for evaluation is polyester (SD
75-36) was used. In the friction coefficient measurement, the sliding speed is 100 m / min, and the dynamic friction coefficient μ is the tension T _IN (= 20 g) on the input side to the fiber guide member 1, the tension T _OUT on the output side, and the winding angle of the fiber 4. By θ, μ = {ln (T _OUT / T _IN )} / θ ... Calculated by Amonton's law. Further, the abrasion evaluation of the fiber 4 and the fiber guide 1 was performed by setting the fiber sliding speed to 1000 m / min.
The state after sliding for 1 hour was observed.

On the other hand, as a comparative example, a fiber guide member comprising only the same base material 2 as above was prepared and the same measurement as above was performed.

The results are shown in Table 2. From this result, there was almost no difference in the dynamic friction coefficient,
In the comparative example, fluff was generated in the fiber 4, whereas in the inventive example, there was no change in the fiber 4. This is because the diamond-like hard carbon film 3 is excellent in slidability in the example of the present invention, so that the sliding fiber 4 is less likely to be damaged.

Further, in the comparative example, a streak-like mark was generated on the surface of the alumina ceramics forming the fiber guide member by sliding with the fiber 4, whereas in the examples of the present invention, the Vickers hardness was high. It can be seen that there is no change at all and the abrasion on the fiber guide member 1 side is extremely small.

The reason why there was no difference in the friction coefficient between the present invention and the comparative example is that the friction coefficient is dominated by the surface roughness of the fiber guide member 1.

[0055]

[Table 2]

Example 2 As the base material 2, alumina ceramics having an Al ₂ O ₃ content of 99.7% or more was used. The characteristics of this alumina ceramics are that the average crystal grain size is 2-3 μm, the density is 3.95 g /
cm ³ or more, average void occupancy rate less than 2%, Vickers hardness of 1700 to 1800 kg / mm ² , thermal expansion coefficient of 40
A material having a temperature of 6.8 × 10 ⁻⁶ / ° C. at −400 ° C. and a thermal shock resistance ΔT of 200 ° C. was used. The shape was the pin shape shown in FIG. 1, with a diameter of 6 mm and a length of 40 mm.

The surface 2a of the base material 2 has a center line average roughness (Ra) of 0.3 to 0.4 .mu.m after being fired, and is subjected to a surface treatment by a fluid polishing method to obtain a center line average roughness (Ra). 0.2
It was less than μm. Thereafter, the heat treatment was performed again at a temperature 200 ° C. higher than the firing temperature. By this heat treatment, the crystal grains grow into spheres and become rounded crystals, and the center line roughness (Ra) of the surface 2a is 0.5 to 0.6 μm.
As the above, the above-mentioned second surface state was adopted.

A diamond-like hard carbon film 3 was deposited on the base material 2 by the plasma CVD method. As for the film thickness t, as a result of rupturing the fiber guide member 1 and observing and measuring it with a scanning electron microscope, the average film thickness was 0.3 μm.
The center line roughness (Ra) was 0.5 to 0.6 μm.

On the other hand, as a comparative example, a fiber guide member consisting of the same base material 2 as above was prepared.

With respect to these fiber guide members, the friction coefficient was measured in the same manner as in Example 1, and the states of the fibers 4 and the fiber guide member 1 after the sliding test were observed.

The results are shown in Table 3. From this result, there was almost no difference in the dynamic friction coefficient,
In the comparative example, some fluff was generated in the fiber 4, whereas in the example of the present invention, there was no change in the fiber 4. This is because the diamond-like hard carbon film 3 is excellent in slidability in the example of the present invention, so that the sliding fiber 4 is less likely to be damaged.

Further, in the comparative example, a streak-like mark was generated on the surface of the alumina ceramics forming the fiber guide member by sliding with the fiber 4, whereas in the examples of the present invention, the Vickers hardness was high. It can be seen that there is no change at all and the abrasion on the fiber guide member 1 side is extremely small.

The difference in friction coefficient between the present invention and the comparative example is considered to be because the friction coefficient is dominated by the surface roughness of the fiber guide member 1. Further, in Example 2, the coefficient of friction could be significantly reduced as compared with Example 1, because the surface condition was rounded and moderately uneven.

[0064]

[Table 3]

[0065]

As described above, according to the present invention,
Coefficient of thermal expansion at 400 ℃ is 2.5-11.0 × 10 ^-6 / ℃
Then, using a ceramic or glass having a thermal shock resistance ΔT of 200 ° C. or more as a base material, a diamond-like hard carbon film is formed on a surface of at least a portion sliding with fibers in a range of 0.2 to 1.2.
By forming the fiber guide member by coating with a thickness of μm, not only the abrasion resistance of the fiber guide member itself can be improved, but also the sliding property is excellent, so that it is possible to prevent damage to the fiber. As a result, it is possible to guide and slide at high speed while maintaining the quality of various fibers.
The productivity of the textile machine can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1A is a perspective view showing a fiber guide member of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a sectional view taken along line XX.

FIG. 2 is a peak chart diagram of a diamond-like hard carbon film used for the fiber guide member of the present invention by Raman spectroscopy.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1: Fiber guide member 2: Base material 2a: Surface 2b: Rear end part 3: Diamond-like hard carbon film 3a: Guide surface 4: Fiber

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. The coefficient of thermal expansion at 40 to 400 ° C. is 2.5 to 1.
Ceramics or glass having a thermal shock resistance ΔT of 200 ° C. or higher at 1.0 × 10 ⁻⁶ / ° C. is used as a base material, and a diamond-like hard carbon film is formed on the surface of the portion that slides on the fiber by 0.2.
A fiber guide member characterized by being coated with a thickness of up to 1.2 μm. 2. The center line average roughness (R
The fiber guide member according to claim 1, wherein a) 0.03 to 0.2 µm and a void occupancy rate is less than 2%. 3. The center line average roughness (R
The fiber guide member according to claim 1, wherein a) the thickness is 0.4 to 0.6 μm, and the crystal is rounded.