JPH09174299A - Stroke detector for compressing press - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obviate a tough structure for restraining such a strong turn as the conventional compressing press by allowing a free turn of the press die in a compressing press, absorbing a turning reaction generated at the time of pressing a material to be pressed and satisfying a stroke detecting condition with a measuring reference line specified on the other hard. SOLUTION: A flange 4 is loosely fitted freely slidably in a circumferential direction into a recessed groove 21 formed on a ram head 2 and press die 3 housed turnably in a cylinder 6 fixed to a press frame 1, and one end of the flange 4 is restrained with the press frame 1 so as not to turn and connected to a stroke detector 5 detecting the variation in the vertical direction. The press die absorbs reaction by freely turning without resistance against turning force received when the press die presses the material to be pressed. On the other hand, the flange loosely fitted into the recessed groove 21 ascends and descends according to the movement of the press die in the vertical direction while maintaining the fixed position in a circumferential direction to maintain an immovable measuring reference line.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a stroke detecting device for a compression press, particularly for a high compression press used for volume reduction processing of various kinds of wastes, metal scraps and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Needless to say, when processing various kinds of wastes and scraps such as industrial wastes and household wastes, reducing the volume thereof is advantageous for the final processing. For example, before remelting large-scale waste such as scrapped cars and home appliances to recover metal raw materials, volume reduction processing is performed to facilitate transportation, storage, etc., and introduction into the melting furnace. There are many advantages, such as improved thermal efficiency, and it is necessary to reduce the volume of waste.

High-capacity compression presses are usually applied for volume reduction of metal scrap. As an example of the form of the compression press, there is a ram head housed in a cylinder fixed to a press frame, and the ram head and a pressing die are connected to move up and down as a unit to the lower die into which the pressing die can be fitted. By strongly pressing the charged material to be compressed, the volume of the randomly charged material to be compressed is reduced until it reaches a predetermined range. In recent years, in order to streamline work, the compression press is required to have a function that allows continuous automatic operation.Therefore, the vertical stroke of the ram head or push die is detected and the material to be compressed is compressed to the set volume. Automatically detects the time point, and then performs the depressurizing operation from the descending compression process to the ascending opening process to complete the operation of one cycle in combination with the replacement of the material to be compressed in the lower mold, and repeat this cycle. And efficient automatic compression work is being performed.

Detecting the progress of volume reduction processing and its completion is an essential requirement for the operation of the compression press, and the method of performing automatic control by detecting the stroke requires an appropriate stroke detection means for the compression press. Becomes FIG.
(A) and (B) are examples of a conventional technique for stroke detection, and there are various modes in the shapes of individual members and their combinations, but there is no significant difference from this drawing as a basic operating principle. That is, a ram head 2a is housed in a cylinder 6a fixed to a press frame 1a so as to be able to move up and down, and a flange 4a is fastened to the ram head 2a via a mounting bolt 101.
Since it is fastened to the pressing die 3a via 02, if the ram head 2a moves up and down in the cylinder 6a, the suspended pressing die also moves up and down. A lower mold (not shown) is provided below the pressing mold 3a, and a hollow portion having substantially the same shape is formed inside the lower mold so that the outer shape of the pressing mold can be fitted as it is, and the material to be compressed is at random in the hollow portion. It goes without saying that a predetermined weight or a predetermined height is charged into the.

When the pressing die descends, advances from its tip into the lower die, and continues to descend while compressing the material to be compressed put inside, the material to be compressed which has been randomly thrown into the die Plastically deform and start to come into close contact with each other, and fill the voids between them to reduce the volume. The rate of progress of volume reduction of the material to be compressed coincides with the lowering of the tip of the die, so if the stroke of the die is detected and the compression process is automatically stopped at a predetermined position, automatic operation is possible. To be realized. Although various types of stroke detection devices have been put into practical use, in the example of the prior art shown in this figure, a rack that moves up and down together with one end of a flange 4a that is interposed and fixed between the ram head 2a and the pressing die 3a. 41a is hung vertically downward,
A stroke detector 5a, in which a spur gear 52a that meshes with the rack 41a is fitted to a rotating shaft, is fixed to the press frame 1a.

When the pressing die 3a descends and starts the compressing action, the rack 41a also descends together with the pressing die, so that the spur gear 52a meshing with the rack rotates, and the number of revolutions is transmitted to the stroke detector 5a. Since the target stroke value is set in advance in the stroke detector 5a, the measured value is constantly compared with each other, and when the two values match, the operation is stopped to the drive source (water pressure, hydraulic pressure, etc., not shown) of the ram head. A command is output and the ram head stops descending. Further, the pressure of the ram head is released and the ram head 2a and the pressing die 3a start to rise. When the ram head 2a reaches the top dead center and stops, one cycle of the operation is completed, the material in the lower mold is replaced, and the next cycle is started again in the same order.

[0007]

A feature of the compression press used in this application is that the objects to be plastically deformed by compression have a large number of indefinite shapes that are randomly placed in superposition, and a strong pressing force is applied from there. The point is that pressure is applied to forcefully compress the material into lumps. For example, when it is set that the aggregate of waste pipes is compressed and the volume is reduced to 1/5 of the original volume, in the initial state of feeding the material to be compressed, some pipes projecting upward and rising are scattered. When the pressing die descends and presses from above, the waste pipe is pushed down and a complicated reaction force (compression, bending, rotation, vibration, etc.) is applied to the lower die and the pressing die. If an even pressing force is applied to a collection of disordered tubes, the rotational force, which is one of the reaction force applied to the pressing mold from the material to be compressed, will be an irregular and unstable force that tries to rotate the pressing mold. However, if the push die and the ram head suspended above the push die lose the reaction force and rotate freely, the stroke detection device cannot basically function. In order to detect the stroke, it is premised that the movement in the vertical direction is measured at a fixed position on the side surface, so that the measurement itself becomes impossible if the object to be measured rotates irregularly.

Therefore, in order to detect the stroke, the pressing die must be constrained so as not to rotate, and only the movement in the vertical direction at a fixed position should always be the object of measurement. The structure of FIG. 3 shows a special structure for inhibiting the rotation. That is, the guides 103 are fastened to the ram head 2a and the pressing die 3a, respectively, on both sides of the flange 4a that integrally connects the ram head 2a and the pressing die 3a, in the vertical direction that coincides with the vertical axis of the ram head.
The guide 103 is vertically slidably inserted in a guide bush 105 provided in the press frame 1a. Even if a rotational force is transmitted from the material to be compressed to the pressing die 3a and a reaction force that attempts to rotate is exerted, the integrally connected flange 4a is constrained by the press frame 1a and the free movement is blocked. The rotational reaction force is restrained, the pressing die is allowed to move only in the vertical direction, and always maintains a constant measurement reference line.

However, in order to forcibly contain such a reaction force, it is meaningless unless the flange 4a, the guide 103, the press frame 1a, and the like are all sufficiently rigid and strong to withstand them. Originally, a large pressing force is necessary to compress and reduce the volume of scrap, and the entire structure must be large-scale and strong, but the strong reaction force is canceled to prevent the rotation of the ram head / push type. Adding the function of forcibly restraining will lead to the further strengthening of design conditions, will increase the manufacturing cost of the compression press, and will affect the economical disadvantage of the user. The increase in the size and complexity of the structure not only increase the installation area, but also bring an operational disadvantage that the burden of daily maintenance also increases.

The problem common to the general structure itself of this type of prior art is that theoretically energy loss cannot be avoided by the amount of stopping the rotation of the pressing die by forcibly suppressing the non-uniform reaction force. That is, the compression capacity of the compression press must be reduced by the amount consumed. At the same time, the force to prevent unreasonable rotation is constantly applied, so uneven and unstable loads are unevenly distributed in various parts of the machine structure, and metal fatigue and wear are extremely concentrated on specific parts of the member, causing failure. Don't overlook the concern that it won't work.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a compression press for completely operating the stroke detector without forcibly suppressing the reaction force due to the rotational force generated when the material to be compressed is pressed. The present invention aims to provide a stroke detection device.

[0012]

A stroke detection device for a compression press according to the present invention has a ram head 2 which is rotatably accommodated in a cylinder 6 fixed to a press frame 1, and the ram head 2 is suspended and supported. The flange 4 is slidably fitted in the concave groove 21 formed in the pressing die 3 in the circumferential direction, and one end of the flange 4 is press-fitted to the press frame 1.
It is characterized in that it is connected to a stroke detector 5 for detecting the vertical fluctuation of the pressing die 3 by restraining the pressing die 3 from rotating. With this structure, both the ram head and push die can freely rotate without absorbing resistance to the rotational force received when compressing the material to be compressed, and absorb the reaction force to compress the applied total energy in the vertical direction. The original plastic deformation of the material to be compressed is carried out. On the other hand, the flange 4 loosely fitted in the concave groove formed in the ram head / push mold is non-rotatably restrained by the frame and maintains a constant circumferential position,
The ram head / push mold moves up and down as it moves in the vertical direction, but the problem is solved by maintaining a fixed measurement reference line by sliding relative to the rotary motion and staying at a fixed position.

The stroke detecting method provided in this basic structure will be described in detail. The rack 4 is attached to one end of the flange 4.
1 is vertically installed and meshes with a spur gear 52 fixed to a rotary shaft 51 of the stroke detector 5, and a guide 42 vertically installed in parallel with the rack 41 is provided on a guide bearing 11 fixed to the press frame 1. The bush 12 is configured to be inserted vertically so that it can be moved up and down. Together with the above-mentioned configuration, the elements of the overall configuration are simple and the types and the number of members are small, which leads to a reduction in manufacturing cost and a maintenance burden. Realize the solution.

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1A is a vertical sectional front view showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
The X sectional view and FIG. 6C are enlarged front views showing the loosely fitted state of the flange 4. In each figure, press frame 1
Connect the top surface of the pressing die 3 to the bottom surface of the ram head 2 in the cylinder 6 fixed to the
Integrate so that both move together. A common concave groove 21 is engraved across the boundary surface where the ram head 2 and the pressing die 3 are in contact with each other, and has an inner diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the groove bottom of this concave groove, and is larger than the groove width of the concave groove. The flange 4 having a slightly smaller width is loosely fitted. One of the major characteristics of the ram head / push die relating to the present invention is that it can be freely rotated, but the rotation of the push die during operation is not transmitted to the loosely fitted flange,
The fitting surface of the flange 4 slides in the circumferential direction with respect to the groove surface of the concave groove, and only changes the relative position. However, it goes without saying that it moves up and down with vertical movement of the ram head / push die. Further, in the embodiment shown in the figure, the concave groove 2 extending over the bottom surface of the ram head 2 and the top surface of the pressing die 3 is used.
However, even if the groove is formed in either the ram head alone or the push die alone, the same action and effect are exhibited as long as the ram head and the push die are integrally fastened.

A guide 42 is attached to one end of the flange 4 by a fixing nut 43, and the guide 42 is inserted in a bush 12 provided in a guide bearing 11 fixed to the press frame 1 so as to be vertically movable. Therefore, since the flange 4 is constrained by the press frame 1 via the guide 42, it cannot move in the circumferential direction even if the rotational force due to the frictional resistance at the time of rotation from the pressing die tries to rotate the flange. The effect of always maintaining a constant measurement reference line appears. Bush 1 can move
It is restricted to only the vertical direction which moves up and down while sliding on the inner surface of 2.

From the end of the flange 4, the guide 42
A rack 41 hangs vertically in parallel with the above. The stroke detector 5 detects the movement of the rack that moves in the vertical direction together with the push die. The details are shown in FIG. 2 (A) longitudinal sectional front view, (B) plan view, and (C) side view. Shows.
The spur gear 52 is fixed to the rotary shaft 51 of the stroke detector 5 by the implantation key 53 and the set screw 54.
Is engaged with the rack 41, the vertical movement of the rack 41 is converted into rotation of the spur gear 52 and transmitted, and is counted by the stroke detector 5.

The stroke detector 5 is indispensable for automatic driving as a type having a function of not only detecting a position but also detecting a preset position and setting the position flexibly. Moreover, since the automatic operation is performed in a dust environment where vibrations and shocks are continuously generated, it is desirable to select a model having high durability and reliability in the case of the present invention having severe operating conditions. The method applied in the present invention is a method of controlling a mechanical displacement amount by converting it into an electric signal.
(Provided by product name VARILIMIT / NST Co., Ltd.) This method is excellent in terms of environment resistance, reliability, change of set amount, etc., and is considered to be suitable as a member added to a compression press.

[0018]

As described above, the present invention allows free rotation of the pressing die of the compression press to absorb the rotational reaction force generated when the material to be compressed is pressed, while specifying the measurement reference line. Since the conditions for stroke detection have been satisfied, the strong structure for suppressing the strong rotation unlike the conventional compression press is not required, and the structure is simplified, the members are downsized, and the entire press machine is downsized and lightweight. Has a great effect on. Further, the driving energy is not consumed to suppress the reaction force and is directed to the compression action, which contributes to the increase in energy efficiency. Although the simplification and weight reduction of the structure itself leads to the effect of reducing the burden of maintenance, the stress that forcedly suppresses the reaction force from the compressed material during operation disappears, so the parts are unevenly distributed. This is one of the effects that stresses that are partially concentrated are eliminated, the occurrence of failures is prevented, and the useful life is extended.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional front view (A) showing an embodiment of the present invention, an XX sectional view (B) of the same drawing, and an enlarged sectional view (C) showing a loose fitting portion of a flange.

FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional front view (A), a plan view (B) and a side view (C) in the vicinity of the stroke detector in the same embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional front view (A) of the related art and an XX sectional view (B) of the same figure.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Press frame 2 Ram head 3 Push type 4 Flange 5 Stroke detector 6 Cylinder 11 Guide bearing 12 Bushing 13 Mounting bracket 21 Groove 31 Mounting bolt 41 Rack 42 Guide 43 Fixing nut 51 Rotating shaft 52 Spur gear 53 Implant key 54 Set screw

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A recessed groove 21 formed in a pressing die 3 having a ram head 2 rotatably accommodated in a cylinder 6 fixed to a press frame 1, the ram head 2 being integrally supported. And a stroke detector 5 for loosely fitting a flange 4 slidably in the circumferential direction, restraining one end of the flange 4 from the press frame 1 to make it unrotatable, and detecting vertical movement of the pressing die 3. A compression press stroke detection device characterized by being connected. 2. The rotary shaft 51 of the stroke detector 5 according to claim 1, wherein a rack 41 is vertically installed at one end of the flange 4.
Is engaged with the spur gear 52 fixed to the rack 41
A stroke detecting device for a compression press, characterized in that a guide (42) vertically extending in parallel with the above is inserted through a bush (12) provided in a guide bearing (11) fixed to the press frame (1) so as to be able to move up and down.