JP3169118B2 - Stroke detector of compression press - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a stroke detecting device for a compression press, particularly for a high compression press used for reducing the volume of various kinds of waste and metal scrap.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art It is needless to say that reducing the volume of various kinds of garbage and scrap such as industrial waste and household garbage is advantageous for final treatment. For example, before re-dissolving large-sized wastes such as end-of-life vehicles and home appliances, and collecting metal raw materials, volume reduction processing is performed to facilitate transportation, storage, etc., and into the melting furnace. It has many advantages, including improved thermal efficiency, and requires volume reduction of waste.

In order to reduce the volume of metal scrap, a high-capacity compression press is usually applied. As an example of the form of the compression press, there is a ram head housed in a cylinder fixed to the press frame, and the ram head and the press die are connected to ascend and descend integrally, into the lower die into which the press die can fit. By strongly pressing the input compressed material, the volume of the randomly input compressed material is reduced until the volume thereof reaches a predetermined range. In recent years, in order to streamline work, the compression press has been required to have a function that enables continuous automatic operation, so the vertical stroke of the ram head or the press die is detected and the material to be compressed is compressed to the set volume. Is automatically detected at that point, the pressure is reduced from the compression process to the depressurization operation, and then the process is moved to the ascending and releasing process, where the operation of one cycle is completed in combination with the replacement of the material to be compressed in the lower mold, and this cycle is repeated. An operation is underway to form a compact and efficient automatic compression operation.

[0004] Detecting the progress of volume reduction processing and its completion is an essential requirement for the operation of the compression press, and the method of performing automatic control by detecting the stroke requires an appropriate stroke detection means for the compression press. Becomes FIG.
(A) and (B) are examples of a conventional technique for stroke detection, and there are various modes in the shape and combination of individual members, but there is no major difference from this figure as a basic operation principle. That is, the ram head 2a is housed in the cylinder 6a fixed to the press frame 1a so as to be able to move up and down freely, and the ram head 2a is fastened to the flange 4a via the mounting bolt 101.
Since the ram head 2a is moved up and down in the cylinder 6a because the pressing die 3a is fastened through the cylinder 02, the suspended pressing die moves up and down together. Below the pressing die 3a, there is a lower die (not shown). Inside the lower die, a hollow portion of substantially the same shape into which the outer shape of the pressing die can be fitted as it is is recessed, and the material to be compressed is in the hollow portion. It is needless to say that a predetermined weight or a predetermined height is supplied to the vehicle.

When the pressing die descends and advances from its tip into the lower die and continues to descend while compressing the compressed material charged therein, the compressed material which has been randomly injected into the mold Are plastically deformed and begin to adhere to each other while approaching each other, filling the gaps between them and reducing the volume. Since the rate at which the volume of the material to be compressed progresses matches the downward movement of the tip of the stamping die, automatic operation can be achieved by designing the stroke of the stamping die to automatically stop the compression process at a predetermined position. Realize. Various types of stroke detection devices have been put into practical use. In the example of the prior art shown in this figure, a rack that moves up and down together with one end of a flange 4a that is interposed and fixed between the ram head 2a and the pressing die 3a. 41a is directed downward,
The stroke detector 5a in which the spur gear 52a meshing with the rack 41a is fitted to the rotating shaft is fixed to the press frame 1a.

When the pressing die 3a descends and starts the compression action, the rack 41a moves down together with the pressing die, so that the spur gear 52a meshing with the rack rotates, and the number of rotations is transmitted to the stroke detector 5a. Since the target stroke value is set in advance in the stroke detector 5a, the measured value is constantly compared with the actual measured value, and when the two values match, the ram head drive source (water pressure, oil pressure, etc., not shown) is stopped. The command is output, and the lowering of the ram head stops. Further, the pressure of the ram head is released, and the ram head 2a and the pressing die 3a start to rise. If the ram head 2a reaches the top dead center and stops, one cycle of the operation is completed, the materials in the lower mold are replaced, and the next cycle starts again in the same order.

[0007]

The feature of the compression press used for this purpose is that an object of an unspecified number of shapes to be compressed and plastically deformed is randomly inputted and overlapped, and a strong press is applied from above. The point is that pressure is forcibly compressed into a mass. For example, if it is set that the aggregate of waste pipes is compressed to reduce the volume to 1/5 of the original volume, in the initial state of the material to be compressed, pipes that stand upward and protrude are scattered. When the pressing die descends from above and presses, the waste pipe pushes down and applies a complicated reaction force (compression, bending, rotation, vibration, etc.) to the lower die and the pressing die. If a uniform pressing force is applied to the disordered pipe assembly, the rotational force, one of the reaction forces applied from the material to be compressed to the pressing die, will cause an irregular and unstable force to rotate the pressing die. However, if the push die and the ram head suspended above it rotate freely against the reaction force, the stroke detecting device basically cannot function. In order to detect the stroke, it is premised that the movement in the vertical direction is measured at a fixed position on the side surface. Therefore, if the object to be measured rotates irregularly, the measurement itself becomes impossible.

Therefore, in order to perform the stroke detection, it is necessary to restrict the pressing die from rotating, and to always measure only the vertical movement at a fixed position. The structure shown in FIG. 3 shows a special structure for suppressing the rotation. That is, guides 103 are respectively attached to both sides of a flange 4a which is fastened to the ram head 2a and the pressing die 3a and integrally connected to each other in the vertical direction coinciding with the axis of ascending and descending of the ram head.
The guide 103 is vertically slidably inserted into a guide bush 105 provided in the press frame 1a. Even if a rotational force is transmitted from the material to be pressed to the pressing die 3a and a reaction force to rotate is applied, the integrally connected flange 4a is restrained by the press frame 1a and the free movement is sealed. The counter-rotating reaction force is suppressed, and the press die is allowed to move only in the vertical direction, and always maintains a constant measurement reference line.

However, in order to forcibly contain such a reaction force, it is meaningless unless all of the flange 4a, the guide 103, the press frame 1a, and the like have strong rigidity and strength that can be cut off. Originally, a large pressing force is required to compress and reduce the volume of scrap, and the overall structure must be large and strong, but the strong reaction force is canceled and the rotation of the ram head The addition of the function of forcibly deterring leads to further strengthening of design conditions, increasing the production cost of compression presses and affecting the economic disadvantage of users. The increase in size and complexity of the structure not only increases the installation area, but also results in an operational disadvantage that the burden of daily maintenance also increases.

The problem common to the general structure itself of the prior art of this type is that it is theoretically impossible to avoid energy loss by the amount by which the non-uniform reaction force is forcibly suppressed and the rotation of the pressing die is stopped. That is, the compression capacity of the compression press must be reduced by the amount of consumption. At the same time, the force to prevent excessive rotation is constantly applied, so uneven and unstable loads are unevenly distributed in various parts of the mechanical structure, and metal fatigue and wear are concentrated in particular parts of the member, causing failure. Don't overlook the concern that it won't work.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a compression press for fully operating a stroke detector without forcibly suppressing a reaction force due to a rotational force generated when pressing a material to be compressed. It is an object of the present invention to provide a stroke detecting device.

[0012]

According to the present invention, a stroke detecting device for a compression press has a ram head 2 rotatably accommodated in a cylinder 6 fixed to a press frame 1, and the ram head 2 is supported by a suspension support. The flange 4 is loosely fitted in the circumferential direction in the concave groove 21 cut in the pressing die 3 to be pressed.
It is characterized in that it is restricted from rotating and cannot be rotated, and is connected to a stroke detector 5 for detecting vertical fluctuation of the press die 3. With this configuration, both the ram head and the press die rotate freely without resistance against the rotational force received when compressing the material to be compressed, absorb the reaction force, and compress the total energy given in the vertical direction. Plastic deformation of the material to be compressed. On the other hand, the flange 4 loosely fitted in the groove formed in the ram head / push die is restrained by the frame so as not to rotate, while maintaining a constant circumferential position.
The problem is solved by moving up and down with the vertical movement of the ram head / push die, but relative to its rotational movement, staying at a fixed position and maintaining an immovable measurement reference line.

A method of detecting a stroke provided in this basic configuration will be specifically described.
The guide 42 is provided on the guide bearing 11 fixed to the press frame 1 while the guide 42 is vertically attached to mesh with a spur gear 52 fixed to the rotary shaft 51 of the stroke detector 5 and is also provided in parallel with the rack 41. The structure is such that it is inserted into the bush 12 so as to be able to move up and down freely, and in addition to the above-mentioned structure, the components of the structure are simple and the types and number of members are small, leading to a reduction in manufacturing costs and a reduction in maintenance burden. Realize the solution.

[0014]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1A is a vertical sectional front view showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
FIG. 4C is an enlarged front view showing a state in which the flange 4 is loosely fitted. In each figure, press frame 1
The top surface of the pressing die 3 is connected to the bottom surface of the ram head 2 in the cylinder 6 fixed to the
The two are integrated so that they move together. A common groove 21 is engraved over the boundary surface where the ram head 2 and the pressing die 3 are in contact with each other. The groove 21 has an inner diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the groove bottom of the groove, and is larger than the groove width of the groove. A flange 4 having a slightly smaller width is loosely fitted. One of the major features of the ram head / push die according to the present invention is that it is rotatable, but the rotation of the push die during operation is not transmitted to the loosely fitted flange,
The fitting surface of the flange 4 slides in the circumferential direction with respect to the groove surface of the concave groove, and only changes the relative position. However, it goes without saying that the vertical movement is accompanied by the vertical movement of the ram head and the press die. In the embodiment shown in the figure, a groove 2 extending over the bottom surface of the ram head 2 and the top surface of the stamping die 3 is provided.
1, the same operation and effect can be obtained even if a groove is formed in either the ram head alone or the pressing die as long as the ram head and the pressing die are integrally fastened.

A guide 42 is attached to one end of the flange 4 by a fixing nut 43, and is inserted into a bush 12 provided on a guide bearing 11 fixed to the press frame 1 so as to be movable up and down. Therefore, since the flange 4 is restrained by the press frame 1 via the guide 42, even if the rotational force due to the frictional resistance at the time of rotation from the pressing die works to rotate the flange, it cannot move in the circumferential direction. The effect of always maintaining a constant measurement reference line appears. Bush 1 can move
2 is limited only to the vertical direction that slides up and down while sliding on the inner surface.

From the end of the flange 4, the guide 42
The rack 41 hangs vertically in parallel with. The stroke detector 5 detects the movement of the rack that moves in the vertical direction together with the pressing die. The details of the stroke detector 5 are shown in FIGS. 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2C. Is shown.
A spur gear 52 is fixed to a rotation shaft 51 of the stroke detector 5 by an implantation key 53 and a set screw 54.
Are engaged with the rack 41, the vertical movement of the rack 41 is converted into the rotation of the spur gear 52, transmitted, and counted by the stroke detector 5.

It is indispensable for the automatic operation that the stroke detector 5 has a function of not only detecting a position but also detecting a predetermined position and flexibly setting a position. In addition, since the automatic operation is performed in a dust environment where vibrations and shocks are constantly generated, it is desirable to select a model having high durability and reliability in the case of the present invention where the operating conditions are severe. The method applied in the present invention is a method in which a mechanical displacement is converted into an electric signal and controlled.
(Product name: VARLIMIT, provided by NST Inc.) This method is excellent in terms of environmental resistance, reliability, change of set amount, and the like, and is considered to be suitable as a member added to a compression press.

[0018]

As described above, according to the present invention, the rotation of the pressing die of the compression press is freely allowed to absorb the rotational reaction force generated when the material to be compressed is pressed, while the measurement reference line is specified. To meet the conditions for stroke detection, eliminating the need for a robust structure to suppress powerful rotation like a conventional compression press, simplifying the structure, reducing the size of components, and reducing the overall size and weight of the press. The effect to play is great. Further, the driving energy is not consumed for suppressing the reaction force but is directed to the compression action, which also contributes to an increase in energy efficiency. The simplification of the structure and the weight reduction contribute to the effect of reducing the maintenance burden itself.However, since the stress that forcibly suppressed the reaction force from the compressed material during operation disappears, it is unevenly distributed to each member. Another advantage is that stresses partially or partially concentrated are eliminated, and advantages such as prevention of failure and extension of service life are not overlooked.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional front view (A) showing an embodiment of the present invention, an XX sectional view (B) of the same figure, and an enlarged sectional view (C) showing a loose fitting portion of a flange.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional front view (A), a plan view (B), and a side view (C) of the vicinity of a stroke detector in the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional front view (A) of the prior art and a cross-sectional view (B) of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Press frame 2 Ram head 3 Press type 4 Flange 5 Stroke detector 6 Cylinder 11 Guide bearing 12 Bush 13 Mounting bracket 21 Concave groove 31 Mounting bolt 41 Rack 42 Guide 43 Fixing nut 51 Rotating shaft 52 Spur gear 53 Implantable key 54 Set screw

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (58) Fields surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B30B 15/00 B09B 3/00 301 B30B 9/30-9/32 B30B 15/16 B30B 1/32

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] A ram head (2) rotatably received in a cylinder (6) fixed to a press frame (1). And a stroke detector 5 for loosely fitting a flange 4 in a circumferential direction, restricting one end of the flange 4 to a press frame 1 to make it impossible to rotate, and detecting vertical movement of a press die 3. A stroke detection device for a compression press, wherein the stroke detection device is connected. 2. The rotary shaft 51 of the stroke detector 5 according to claim 1, wherein a rack 41 is suspended from one end of the flange 4.
Mesh with the spur gear 52 fixed to the
A stroke detecting device for a compression press, wherein a guide 42 vertically suspended in parallel with the guide frame 11 is inserted through a bush 12 provided on a guide bearing 11 fixed to the press frame 1 so as to be able to move up and down.