JPH09160558A - Electronic percussion instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electronic percussion instrument with flexible detecting performance that matches with impact forces by enhancing its sensitivity to weak percussing forces, so that the possibility of making errors in detecting external impacts is eliminated, and so on. SOLUTION: A pressure sensor 2 is laid over the upper surface of a steel plate 1,a rubber pad 3 for improving impact and a percussing feel during performance is laid over the sensor 2, and a piezoelectric element 4 is bonded to the lower surface of the steel plate 1 to constitute a drum pad. In the case of a weak impact force, velocity data is producer based on the pressure sensor 2, and in the case of a strong impact force the velocity data is produced based on the piezoelectric element 4. For example, a threshold is provided for pressure data that is based on the pressure sensor 2. If the pressure data is less than the threshold, the velocity data is produced from the pressure data. If the pressure data is greater than the threshold, the velocity data is produced from the degree-of-impact data that is based on the piezoelectric element 4.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a percussion detector for detecting a percussion according to a performance style of a percussion instrument and an electronic percussion instrument using the percussion detector.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a percussion detector for an electronic percussion instrument of this kind is called a drum pad. For example, a rubber sheet is put on the surface of an iron plate to form a pad surface, and a vibration detecting type such as a piezo element is formed on the back surface of the iron plate. There is one with the sensor attached. Then, when the pad surface is hit, the output voltage corresponding to the shock can be obtained from the strain generated in the piezo element,
The strength of the impact sound is controlled based on the output voltage of the piezo element. Since the output voltage of the piezo element contains an AC component due to the vibration of the element, it is rectified, and the rectified output voltage is amplified and used as a control signal.

[0003]

However, when the piezo element is used as in the prior art, the output characteristics of the output voltage with respect to the impact force are as shown in FIG. 9, for example, and the sensitivity is high with respect to a large impact force. Is less sensitive to small impact forces. Therefore, it is difficult to detect a weak hit. Further, if the gain at the time of amplification is increased in order to detect a weak hit, there is a problem that the player will react to an external shock that is not the hit intended by the player.

The present invention has a flexible detection performance according to the impact force so that the impact force can be detected in a wide dynamic range in response to a weak strike and a strong strike in an electronic percussion instrument and erroneous detection of an external impact or the like can be prevented. The task is to make them.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An electronic percussion instrument of the present invention, which has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, produces a signal by receiving a striking part for receiving a striking operation of a percussion instrument and an impact force applied to the striking part. An impact detection unit having a plurality of detection sensors that output different impact force vs. signal output characteristics, and at least one output of the plurality of detection sensors according to outputs of the plurality of detection sensors of the impact detection unit. And a control unit for controlling the musical sound based on the selected output.

[0006]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION In the electronic percussion instrument of the present invention, the control unit compares the impact force detected by the hit detection unit with a preset threshold value, and outputs the output of the detection sensor based on the comparison result. May be selected to control the musical sound. In this case, the impact detection unit has a first detection sensor such as a piezo element that is weakly sensitive to a weak impact force and a second detection sensor such as a pressure-sensitive sensor that is highly sensitive to a weak impact force. , The control unit
When the output of the second detection sensor is smaller than the threshold value, the second
The output of the first detection sensor may be selected, and the output of the first detection sensor may be selected when the output of the second detection sensor is larger than the threshold value. Further, the control unit selects the output of the second detection sensor when the output of the first detection sensor is smaller than a preset threshold value, and when the output of the first detection sensor is larger than the threshold value. The output of the first detection sensor may be selected.

Further, in the electronic percussion instrument of the present invention, the batting detection section has the first detection sensor and the second detection sensor,
The control unit determines the presence / absence of an impact by the first detection sensor having low sensitivity to a weak impact force, selects the output of the second detection sensor when there is no impact, and at least the first output when the impact is present. The output of the detection sensor may be selected. When the output of at least the first detection sensor is selected, the output of the first detection sensor and the output of the second detection sensor are selected, and the musical tone is controlled based on the sum of both outputs. Good.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a drum pad used for an electronic percussion instrument of each embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1A is a partially fragmented plan view and FIG. 1B is a side view. This drum pad has a multi-layered structure. A pressure sensitive sensor 2 is laid on the upper surface of an iron plate 1, and a rubber pad 3 is laid on the pressure sensitive sensor 2 to improve the impact and feel at the time of playing. A piezo element 4 is attached to the lower surface of the iron plate 1. This drum pad is disposed on, for example, the operation panel surface of an electronic musical instrument (not shown), and the piezo element 4 is the iron plate 1
It is also fixed to the electronic musical instrument side.

The pressure sensor 2 has a structure in which two layers of films 21a and 21b corresponding to substantially the entire surface of the iron plate 1 and the rubber pad 3 are laminated, and the two layers of films 21a and 21b are formed.
Pressure-sensitive inks 22a and 22b are applied to the inner surface of each 1b. Further, stripe-shaped electrodes 23a and 23b which are in contact with the pressure-sensitive inks 22a and 22b are arranged on the films 21a and 21b, and the two layers of electrodes 23a and 23b are perpendicular to each other and one of the films is formed. Two
The electrodes 23a on the 1a side are output connectors 24a ₁ and 24a ₂
Further, the electrode 23b on the other film 21b side is led out to the output connector 24b.

Further, two layers of pressure sensitive inks 22a and 22b are used.
In between, the dot-shaped ultra-thin spacers 25 are evenly scattered. The ultra-thin spacers 25 are scattered at a pitch such that the upper and lower two layers of pressure-sensitive ink 22a and 22b do not come into contact with each other due to the weight of the rubber pad 3 or the like.

With the above configuration, when a pressing force is applied to the pressure sensitive sensor 2 via the rubber pad 3, the pressing point 2 is applied.
The pressure-sensitive inks 22a and 22b of the layers come into contact with each other, and the resistance between the two layers changes depending on the degree of pressurization. Further, the piezoelectric element 4 outputs a voltage signal according to the distortion when the iron plate 1 vertically vibrates due to an impact or the like and the distortion is applied.

FIG. 8A is a detection circuit of the pressure sensitive sensor 2, FIG.
(B) is a detection circuit of the piezo element 4, and a DC voltage signal corresponding to the resistance value of the pressure sensitive sensor 2 is output from the detection circuit. The voltage signal generated by the piezoelectric element 4 is amplified and rectified by the detection circuit and output as a DC voltage signal.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing respective output characteristics of voltage signals obtained with respect to the pressure sensitive sensor 2 and the piezo element 4 with respect to the impact force applied to the rubber pad 3 in the drum pad of the embodiment. The impact force corresponds to the impact speed when the rubber pad 3 is struck with a material having a certain amount of mass such as a drum stick, or the pressing force when the rubber pad 3 is pressed.

As shown in the figure, the output characteristics of the piezo element 4 show a tendency that the rate of change of the voltage signal is small in the region where the impact force is weak and the rate of change of the voltage signal becomes large in the region where the impact force is strong. On the other hand, the output characteristics of the pressure-sensitive sensor 2 show a tendency that the change rate of the voltage signal is large in the region where the impact force is weak and the change rate of the voltage signal is small in the region where the impact force is strong. That is, the piezo element 4 is a detection sensor that is weakly sensitive to a weak impact force and has good responsiveness to a strong impact force, and the pressure-sensitive sensor 2 is highly sensitive to a weak impact force and is strong to a strong impact force. On the other hand, it becomes a detection sensor with poor response.

FIGS. 3 to 5 are block circuit diagrams showing first to third embodiments of the control section in the electronic percussion instrument using the above-mentioned drum pad. These control sections are the outputs of the pressure sensitive sensor 2 and Based on the output of the piezo element 4, a key tone signal for instructing a tone generation circuit (not shown) to generate a tone.
(Key On) and velocity data (Velocity) for controlling the tone volume and tone color. Note that the functional blocks in FIGS. 3 to 5 can be configured by software by the program processing of the microcomputer, or can be configured as a hardware circuit. Further, it can be configured by a combination of software and hardware.

In the control unit of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the pressure-sensitive sensor processing unit a samples and holds the maximum value of the voltage signal output from the detection circuit of the pressure-sensitive sensor 2 and performs A / D conversion of the value. Then, the digital voltage data is output to the contact determination unit b and the pressure-sensitive value detection unit c. When the voltage data exceeds a predetermined threshold value, the contact discriminating part b receives a key-on signal (K
ey On), the pressure-sensitive value detection unit c converts the voltage data into pressure data and outputs the pressure data to the conversion unit (# 1) d and the comparison unit e.

The conversion unit (# 1) d is composed of a conversion table for converting pressure data into velocity data, and converts the pressure data output from the pressure-sensitive value detection unit c into velocity data and outputs it to the selection unit f. Output. The comparison unit e is a circuit that receives the pressure data from the pressure-sensitive value detection unit c as an input A and a preset constant Th1 as an input B, and compares the input A with the input B. When the input A is larger than the input B, the data "1" is output to the selection unit f, and when the input A is less than the input B, the data "0" is output to the selection unit f.

On the other hand, the piezo element processing section g includes the piezo element 4
The sample and hold of the maximum value of the voltage signal output from the detection circuit and A / D conversion of the value are performed, and the digital voltage data is output to the impact degree detection unit h. Impact degree detector h
Converts the voltage data into impact data and outputs the impact data to the converter (# 2) i. Converter (# 2)
i is composed of a conversion table for converting the impact degree data into velocity data, and converts the impact degree data output from the impact degree detection unit h into velocity data and selects the selection unit f.
Output to

The selection unit f uses the velocity data output from the conversion unit (# 1) d as input A, the velocity data output from the conversion unit (# 2) i as input B, and the input C from the comparison unit e. When the input C is "1", the input B is selectively output, and when the input C is "0", the input A is selectively output.

With the above structure, when the rubber pad 3 is hit, a key-on signal is output from the contact determination section b, and pressure data is output from the pressure-sensitive value detection section c in accordance with the impact force at that time. Then, the impact degree detection section h outputs impact degree data. The pressure data and the impact degree data are respectively converted into velocity data by the conversion unit (# 1) d and the conversion unit (# 2) i and input to the selection unit f. Then, in the comparison unit e, when the pressure data is equal to or less than the constant Th1, the input C of the selection unit f becomes “0”, and the velocity data from the conversion unit (# 1) d, that is, the velocity data based on the pressure sensor 2 is obtained. When the pressure data is output and exceeds the constant Th1, the input C of the selection unit f becomes "1" and the velocity data from the conversion unit (# 2) i, that is, the velocity data based on the piezo element 4 is output. In this way, the velocity data is switched depending on the magnitude relationship between the pressure data and the constant Th1.

Here, the relationship between the pressure data and the impact degree data with respect to the impact force applied to the rubber pad 3, the conversion unit (#
1) The relationship between d and the conversion unit (# 2) i will be described. The constant Th1 is a predetermined value of pressure data and corresponds to a predetermined impact force P _T as shown in FIG. 6 (A). The force P _T corresponds to the constant Th2 of the impact degree data output from the impact degree detector h as shown in FIG. 6 (B). In addition, the conversion unit (#
1) The table of d is a constant Th1 as shown in FIG. 7 (A).
The velocity data has a predetermined value V _{T with} respect to the pressure data and the table of the conversion unit (# 2) i has a predetermined velocity data with respect to the impact degree data having the constant Th2 as shown in FIG. 7B. It is set to have a value V _T.

Therefore, the range in which the impact force is small and the velocity data corresponding to the pressure data is output (FIG. 7 (A))
Solid line range) and the range in which the velocity data corresponding to the impact strength data is output (the solid line range in FIG. 7B) are continuous with the velocity data V _T. That is, the velocity data based on the pressure sensitive sensor 2 is output in the range where the impact force is small, and the velocity data based on the piezo element 4 is output in the range where the impact force is large, and the velocity data is continuous even at this switching time.

The piezo element 4 is added to the entire drum pad.
Distortion also occurs due to external shocks, and voltage may be output.
However, the pressure sensor 2 strikes the rubber pad 3
If you don't respond to it without an external shock,
Even if it is obtained, its impact force is P _TPiezo element if smaller
The output of child 4 will be cut, preventing malfunction.
Can be stopped. Also, hit the rubber pad 3
If so, the pressure sensor 2 will respond even if the impact force is small.
Can effectively detect the impact force of a weak hit,
It has a high dynamic range detection performance. Furthermore, pressure sensitivity
Output the key-on signal based on the output of the sensor 2.
Since it is set to, it is possible to detect the key on for a weak hit personally.
Can be

The control unit of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 4 has substantially the same configuration as that of the first embodiment. The same elements are designated by the same reference numerals and their description is omitted. The difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that, instead of the comparing portion e of the first embodiment, the comparing portion e ′ inputs the impact degree data from the impact degree detecting portion h, A, the first embodiment. By inputting a preset constant Th2 corresponding to the constant Th1 in the example and comparing the input A with the input B, when the input A is larger than the input B, the data “1” is output to the selection unit f. , When the input A is less than or equal to the input B, the data “0” is output to the selection unit f.

That is, in the second embodiment, instead of the pressure data based on the pressure sensitive sensor 2 as in the first embodiment,
The value of the impact data based on the piezo element 4 is used as the conversion unit (#
1) d and the output of the conversion unit (# 2) i are selectively switched, and the same result as that of the first embodiment can be obtained.

The control unit of the third embodiment shown in FIG. 5 is adapted to switch velocity data according to the degree of impact, and elements similar to those of the first and second embodiments are designated by the same reference numerals. The description thereof will be omitted. The impact presence / absence determining unit j determines the presence / absence of an impact of a predetermined magnitude or more based on the voltage data from the piezo element processing unit g. That is, when the impact force is greater than or equal to the predetermined magnitude, the data "1" is output to the selection unit f, and when the impact force is less than the predetermined magnitude, the data "0" is output to the selection unit f.

The adding section k adds the pressure data of the pressure sensitive value detecting section c and the impact degree data of the impact degree detecting section h to convert it to a converting section (#
2) i ', and the conversion unit (# 2) i'converts the added value of the pressure data and the impact data into velocity data and outputs it to the selection unit f.

The predetermined magnitude of the impact force, which is the reference for the presence / absence of impact in the impact presence / absence determining unit j, corresponds to, for example, the impact force P _T in FIG. 6B, and the impact force is a predetermined value. If smaller (no impact), the input C of the selector f is "0".
Then, the velocity data based on the pressure sensor 2 is output from the conversion unit (# 1) d, and when the impact force is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, the input C of the selection unit f becomes “1” and the conversion unit (# 2)
From i ', velocity data based on the pressure sensor 2 and the piezo element 4, that is, velocity data corresponding to the added value of the pressure data and the impact degree data is output. The input data to the conversion unit (# 2) i 'is the added value of the pressure data and the impact degree data, and the velocity data corresponding to this is continuous with the velocity data of the conversion unit (# 1) d. Is set to.

In the case of the third embodiment as well, substantially the same results as in the first and second embodiments can be obtained, but in the third embodiment, in addition to the piezo element 4 when the impact force is large. The velocity data also takes the output of the pressure sensor 2 into consideration.

In each of the above embodiments, the case where the piezo element and the pressure sensitive sensor are used has been described, but other sensors may be used. Moreover, not only two sensors but three or more sensors may be used.

Further, in the drum pad of the embodiment, since the pressure sensor 2 is laid on substantially the entire surface of the rubber pad 3, it is possible to detect a hit with high sensitivity even in the periphery of the pad surface, particularly when playing a soft hit. You can

[0032]

As described above, according to the electronic percussion instrument of the present invention, a striking part for receiving a striking operation of a percussion instrument,
Depending on the output of the plurality of detection sensors of the impact detection unit having a plurality of detection sensors that output a signal in response to an impact force applied to the impact unit and have different output characteristics of impact force vs. signal. And a control unit that selects at least one output of the plurality of detection sensors and controls a musical sound based on the selected output, so that the electronic percussion instrument has a wide dynamic range corresponding to a weak tap and a strong tap. It is possible to provide a flexible detection performance according to the impact force so that the impact force can be detected in the range and erroneous detection with respect to external impact or the like can be prevented.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a drum pad used in an electronic percussion instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing each output characteristic of a voltage signal obtained from a pressure-sensitive sensor and a piezo element with respect to an impact force in an example.

FIG. 3 is a block circuit diagram of a control unit in the electronic percussion instrument of the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a block circuit diagram of a control unit in the electronic percussion instrument of the second embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a block circuit diagram of a control unit in an electronic percussion instrument of a third embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a relationship between pressure data and impact degree data with respect to impact force in an example.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a conversion unit table and its output in the embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a pressure-sensitive sensor and a detection circuit of a piezo element in the embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an output characteristic of an output voltage with respect to an impact force of a conventional example using a piezo element.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Iron plate, 2 ... Pressure sensor, 3 ... Rubber pad, 4 ... Piezo element.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A striking unit having a striking unit for receiving a striking of a percussion instrument operation, and a plurality of detection sensors that output a signal in response to an impact force applied to the striking unit and have different impact force vs. signal output characteristics. Section and the outputs of the plurality of detection sensors of the impact detection section,
Selecting at least one output of the plurality of detection sensors,
An electronic percussion instrument comprising: a control unit that controls a musical sound based on the selected output.