JPH09157981A - Flexible and highly cut-resistant spun yarn, textile structural product and protective clothing - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a spun yarn useful for e.g. flexible protective clothing giving no fatigue feeling when worn, free from itchy feeling, comfortable when worn, and high in cut resistance, by respectively specifying the single fiber fineness, average fiber length and spun yarn twist multiplier of an aromatic polyamide fiber such as para-configurated wholly aromatic polyamide fiber. SOLUTION: This spun yarn with a twist multiplier of as low as 1.5-3 is obtained from aromatic polymide fiber staple pref. 15-30g/de and 2-5% in tenacity and breaking elongation, respectively, with a signal fiber fineness of 3.5-5.5 denier and average fiber length of 2.5-6 inch. From this spun yarn, a textile structural product such as flexible knit fabric excellent in cut resistance can be produced, and from such spun yarn or textile structural produce, a flexible protective material including protective clothing excellent in cut resistance can be manufactured.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a spun yarn made of aromatic polyamide fiber and having excellent cut resistance, a fiber structure such as a knitted fabric using the spun yarn, and a protective material.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Gloves using aromatic polyamide fibers, armor covers, protective clothing such as apron, etc. are difficult to cut with a knife, so conventional gloves, arm covers, etc. using cotton, etc. Cut resistance is remarkably higher than protective clothing such as apron, for example, in the automobile industry, in the home electric appliance industry such as washing machines and refrigerators, work for handling sheet metal processed products with burrs or fragile glass Protect the hands and body of workers in the glass industry that handles products, or in work that is prone to cuts, such as dust collection work that handles general dust that may contain metal fragments or glass fragments. Has been widely used for. However, the workers and the like strongly demand protective materials such as gloves, apron, protective clothing such as arm covers, which are safer.

In general, high strength fibers such as aromatic polyamide fibers are excellent in cut resistance and high in rigidity, so that the cut strength and the flexibility, which is an index of workability during wearing, are mutually different. There is a competing relationship.

Further, in safety protective clothing such as work gloves and work clothes, it is not preferable to give the wearer a feeling of fatigue or discomfort that hinders the work, and even if it is unavoidable, these are the minimum allowable. Must be about.
Even if it has excellent cut resistance, it lacks flexibility in protective clothing such as gloves, apron, arm cover, and work clothing, and it gives fatigue to the wearer. It is also not preferable to give the wearer an unpleasant sensation, such as a so-called tingling sensation. It is extremely important for the industry to industrially produce protective materials such as protective clothing such as gloves, apron and arm covers, which are flexible, have less tingling sensation, and have high cut resistance.

Regarding gloves using aromatic polyamide fibers, for example, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 1-45708 discloses a bulky yarn in which all aromatic polyamide filaments having a single yarn fineness of 3 denier or less are randomly entangled with each other. It has been proposed to make gloves with excellent cut resistance by doing so. Also, although it is not an improvement in cut resistance, it is actually fair 4-5
Japanese Patent No. 4168 discloses a pile knitting using a bulky yarn in which a plurality of para-type wholly aromatic polyamide filaments having a single yarn fineness of 3 denier or less are randomly entangled with each other in a ground structure yarn and a loop pile yarn. Heat resistance composed of
Gloves with excellent heat insulation have been proposed. However,
When it is intended to achieve higher cut resistance, it is not always sufficient.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to be useful as a protective material for work gloves, apron, arm covers, ankle covers, etc., which is flexible and comfortable without tingling and has high cut resistance. To provide a spun yarn.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a flexible and highly cut resistant textile structure such as a knitted fabric using such spun yarn, and protective materials such as protective clothing and protective sheets. .

[0008]

The flexible spun yarn excellent in cut resistance of the present invention achieves the above object and has the following constitution.

That is, a spun yarn composed of aromatic polyamide fibers, having a single yarn fineness of 3.5 to 5.5 denier, an average fiber length of 2.5 to 6 inches, and a twist coefficient of 1.5 to.
It is a spun yarn which is characterized in that it is No. 3 and has excellent cut resistance.

In the present invention, a fiber structure such as a knitted fabric which is flexible and has excellent cut resistance can be produced by using the spun yarn, and further, the spun yarn or the fiber structure can be used to make the fiber structure soft and cut resistant. It is possible to manufacture protective materials including protective clothing such as excellent gloves, apron, arm cover, ankle cover, protective clothing and the like.

[0011]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION As the aromatic polyamide fiber used in the present invention, poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide, poly-m-phenylene isothalamide, 3,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether, etc. are copolymerized. A fiber made of an aromatic polyamide copolymer or the like may be used, and a para-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber is particularly preferable. It is preferable that such fibers have a tensile strength of about 15 to 30 g / d and a breaking elongation of about 2 to 5% in view of required properties such as strength.

It has been found that aromatic polyamide fibers generally become more difficult to cut as the single yarn fineness increases. As shown in Fig. 1, this principle is that the blade 1
It is thought that the books will be cut one by one.
It can be understood that the thick single yarn 2 is more difficult to cut because the length of one of the blades supporting the blade 1 is longer than that of the thin single yarn 3. Thus, in order to improve the cut resistance of protective clothing such as gloves, apron and arm covers, it is theoretically effective to increase the single yarn fineness. Here, Japanese Examined Japanese Patent Sho 55-1
Japanese Patent No. 4170 discloses that para-type wholly aromatic polyamide fibers having a maximum single yarn fineness of 20 denier are produced. Therefore, if this technique is applied, gloves and knitted fabrics with excellent cut resistance can be made, but since the bending hardness of single fibers increases dramatically with the increase in fiber diameter, it is possible to simply use conventional manufacturing methods. Only by applying the method, the gloves and the knitted fabric are not flexible, and only the gloves and the knitted fabric having a tingling sensation can be produced.

In order to greatly improve the cut resistance of fiber structures such as gloves and knitted fabrics, the single yarn fineness of the aromatic polyamide fiber is in the range of 3.5 to 5.5 denier, more preferably 3. It is in the range of 8 to 5 denier. If the single yarn fineness is too small, there is little improvement in cut resistance, and conversely if it is too large,
Even if the fiber length and the twisting coefficient of the spun yarn described below are optimized, gloves and knitted fabrics do not have flexibility, and it is difficult to eliminate the tingling sensation.

The fiber thickness d (denier) is the fiber length L
(M), when the weight is W (g), d = (W /
L) × 9000, the larger the denier number, the thicker the fiber.

Generally, in staples, the larger the fiber length, the lower the twist number can be set, and a flexible spun yarn can be obtained. On the other hand, the thicker the fiber diameter, the higher the rigidity, so that the tingling sensation of stimulating the fiber to the skin becomes higher.

Softening fiber structures such as gloves and knitted fabrics,
At the same time, in order to eliminate the tingling sensation, firstly, a spun yarn made of short fibers having a length suitable for the single yarn fineness is adopted. Single yarn fineness of aromatic polyamide fiber is 3.5-
In the case of 5.5 denier, these problems can be solved all at once by using a spun yarn composed of staples having an average fiber length of 2.5 to 6 inches, preferably 3 to 5 inches.

When the average fiber length is less than 2.5 inches when the single yarn fineness is 3.5 denier or more, the twisting coefficient shown below must be greater than 3 in order to obtain good spinnability. Under such conditions, since the number of twists is large, it is difficult to obtain a spun yarn having a soft texture suitable for knitted fabrics used for gloves and protective clothing. If the average fiber length is larger than 6 inches, it is difficult to manufacture spun yarn using existing spinning equipment.

In order to obtain good spinnability, the number of crimps of the staple is preferably about 3 to about 12 peaks / inch.
Further, although not limited thereto, the para-aromatic polyamide fiber which is an example of the staple used in the present invention has a strength of about 10 to about 30 g / d and an elongation of about 2 to about 5%. The thermal decomposition point is about 500 ° C. It has much higher strength than ordinary synthetic fibers such as aliphatic polyamide fibers and polyester fibers, and has a higher cut resistance to a cutting tool. Also, since this fiber does not melt at 500 ° C but carbonizes, it does not burn with a polymer melted by heat like thermoplastic fibers such as aliphatic polyamide fiber and polyester fiber, and it is protective clothing against heat and cuts. Especially excellent as a material.

As a second requirement for eliminating the soft and tingling sensation, the twist coefficient of the spun yarn calculated by the following equation is from 1.5 to
3, twisting is preferably employed in the range of 1.7 to 2.5.

Twisting coefficient K = T / S ^1/2 where T is the number of twists (twists / inch), and S is the cotton count represented by the following formula. The weight of the yarn length L (m) is W (g).
When S = 0.5908 L / W and the twist coefficient is less than 1.5, the entanglement between short fibers is weak, and it is difficult to produce a continuous spun yarn. Also, the twist coefficient is 3
If it is larger, the entanglement between the short fibers becomes too strong, and the gloves or knitted fabric lack flexibility. Therefore, the thickness of spun yarn is usually 40/1 to 5/1, although it depends on the application.
It is preferably used in the count range.

In the practice of the present invention, the aromatic polyamide fiber can be produced by a conventionally known production method (JP-A-55-14170, etc.), which is usually cut into a predetermined length by square cutting. Stapled. The stapling may also be performed by a variable cut having an average fiber length of ± 2 inches, and may be performed by a stapling method in which a long fiber is cut by a speed difference between a pair of rollers holding the long fiber.

In the practice of the present invention, the spun yarn composed of aromatic polyamide fibers can be produced by a conventional spinning method or the like, and is, for example, 30 as long as the effect of the present invention is not impaired.
Other fibers can be mixed at up to% weight.

The physical properties of the cotton yarn 20/1 of the para-aromatic polyamide fiber spun yarn of the present invention, for example, having a single yarn fineness of 4d and a cut length of 4.5 inches, have a tensile strength of 1820 g / d and a spinning of general synthetic fiber. Although it is characterized by higher tensile strength than the yarn, the cut resistance is due to the original properties of the fiber and is not directly related to the tensile strength of spun yarn, where the tensile strength is affected by twisting.

The spun yarn used may be in the form of a single yarn, or may be twins or triples in which two single yarns are aligned and twisted in the opposite direction to the single yarn. In textiles, single yarns or twins are generally used. For gloves, it is preferable to use twins having no residual torque so that the knitting of the knitted fabric does not occur due to the torque of the yarn.

The fibrous structure is the spun yarn 10 of the present invention.
It may be composed of 0%, or may be used in combination with other fibers or yarns such as interwoven knitting. Depending on the type of protective material of the present invention, a napped fabric such as a pile fabric may be used.

Further, the protective material of the present invention may be composed entirely of such spun yarn or fibrous structure or the like, or may be partially used in necessary portions. For example, in a work glove, the spun yarn, the fiber structure or the like of the present invention can be used in a specific part such as a fingertip part or a palm part depending on the work content. If necessary, a resin coating may be applied to the fiber structure and the protective material.

The protective material of the present invention is particularly suitable for applications where severe environmental conditions are required. This includes not only those directly used for protective purposes but also those which eventually fulfill the protective function. Specifically, in addition to the above-mentioned work or industrial gloves, arm covers, apron, ankle cover, work shoes, footwear, welding workwear, sports wear, the body from screw cuts Examples include, but are not limited to, outerwear for boaters to protect, the same trousers, socks for baseball and soccer, fencing uniforms as weapons, curtains for welding work, fire suits, fire hoses, etc. is not.

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples.

The method of measuring the characteristic values and the like in the examples is as follows.

(1) Cut resistance As shown in FIG. 2, width 10 mm and length 50 mm at the center.
One test piece 6 is sandwiched and fixed between two plate-shaped sample support plates 5 each having a slit 4 of V shape blade 7, that is, two sides at an angle of 60 degrees. The blade 7 having a blade on the test piece 6 is erected vertically on the test piece 6, and the blade edge is attached to the test piece 6.
Was pressed at a speed of 500 mm / min, and the maximum load when the test piece 6 was cut was measured, and the average value of n = 10 was shown.

(2) Flexibility With respect to the knitted fabric and the glove, the bending resistance was measured by a Gurley type tester according to JIS-L-1018 "Knitted fabric test method" 6.21.1. In the glove, the middle finger portion was cut 6.4 cm from the tip to form a tube-knitted test piece, which was attached to the chuck so that the fingertip portion touches the pendulum. The softness of the woven fabric was measured as the bending resistance according to JIS-L-1096 "General woven fabric test method" 6.20.1. In each case, it was determined that the lower the bending resistance, the more improved the flexibility.

(3) Tackiness The glove was judged by the feel of 10 people who wore it, and the knitted fabric was judged by the touch of 10 people with respect to the cloth.
When 60% or more was determined to have no tingling sensation, it was determined to have no tingling.

[0033]

【Example】

(Examples 1 to 7) A para-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber (registered trademark Kevlar) having a single yarn fineness of 3.5 to 5 denier manufactured by DuPont Toray Kevlar Co., Ltd., at a rate of 5 threads / inch. A crimp was applied, and the staple was cut into 2.5 to 6 inches. This was made into a sliver through an opening machine, a card, a strip, or a gil in this order. Next, this is applied to a ring spinning machine, and a twist having a twist coefficient of 1.6 to 3 is added.
A 0/1 spun yarn was obtained. Two of these were aligned and subjected to reverse twisting of 70% of a single yarn with a double twister to eliminate torque, and processed into cotton count 20/2. Further, five of these were aligned and supplied to a 7-gauge glove knitting machine of Shima Seiki Co., Ltd., and a glove having a weight of 60 g / two and a thickness of 4.0 mm including the palm of the instep was knitted. The cut resistance, cut resistance improvement rate, flexibility, and tingling sensation of these gloves are summarized in Table 1. The cut resistance improvement rate is indicated by the improvement rate for the cut resistance of the gloves of Reference Example 1 below, that is, the gloves under the same conditions as those of the currently marketed glove made of para-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber (Kevlar registered trademark). It was No tingling sensation was indicated by ◯, and tingling sensation was indicated by x.

(Reference Examples 1 to 5) By the same method as in the above Examples, staples having a single yarn of 1.5, 3.5, 4.0 and 6.0 denier were produced, and the twist coefficient was 1.4. 2, 2.
A glove is made from spun yarns of 6, 2.9, 3.2 and 4, and the cut resistance of the glove, improvement rate of cut resistance, flexibility,
The tingling sensation was evaluated in the same manner as above, and the results are summarized in Table 1.

[0035]

[Table 1] Examples 1 to 7 show an improvement in cut resistance of 10% or more as compared with the present commercially available reference example 1, and the flexibility is 900 m.
It is good when g or less, and there is no tingling sensation.

As a result, a para-wholly aromatic polyamide short fiber having a single yarn fineness of 3.5 to 5 denier and a fiber length of 2.5 to 6 inches, and a spinning coefficient of 1.5 to 3 are spun. It can be seen that the knitted fabric made of yarn makes it possible to obtain gloves that are flexible and have excellent cut resistance.

Reference Example 1 is currently on the market, and higher cut resistance is desired. Reference Examples 2 and 4 have a high twist coefficient, and the flexibility is 900 mg or more, and the problem remains because they are hard. Reference Example 3 has a low twist coefficient and cannot be spun. In Reference Example 5, the fiber length is too long, and spinning cannot be performed using existing mass-production spinning equipment. Reference example 6 has a large single yarn fineness,
The flexibility is 950 mg, and there is a problem with hardness, and there is a sharp sensation.

(Example 8, Reference Examples 7 to 8) The same spun yarn 20 / as that used in Example 4, Reference Example 1 and Reference Example 6
2 is used, the vertical / horizontal density is 59/47 (pieces / inch), and the basis weight is 235 g / m ^{2 The} thickness is 0.45 mm 2/2
Twill fabric was woven. Textiles of this specification are used as protective clothing such as work clothes, arm covers, aprons and sewing gloves. Table 2 shows the physical property values of these woven fabrics. Compared with Reference Example 7 of a woven fabric made of a spun yarn under the same conditions as a typical commercially available para-type wholly aromatic polyamide spun yarn 20/2, Example 8 had improved cut resistance by 24% and good flexibility. There was no tingling sensation. On the other hand, in Reference Example 8, the cut resistance is improved by 35% as compared with Reference Comparative Example 7, but there is a problem in flexibility, and there is a tingling sensation, which is a problem as a woven fabric used as a protective material.

[0039]

[Table 2] (Example 9, Reference Examples 9 and 10) The same spun yarn used in Example 4, Reference Example 1 and Reference Example 6 was prepared as 20/2 + 2.
Aligned to 0/1 and supplied to the interlock knitting machine, 3
1 course / inch, 31 wales / inch, basis weight 46
5 g / m ² A smooth fabric having a thickness of 1.8 mm was knitted. Table 3 shows the physical property values of these knitted fabrics. In comparison with Reference Example 9 which is a knitted fabric which has the same conditions as a typical commercially available para-type wholly aromatic polyamide spun yarn, Example 9 has improved cut resistance by 24%, good flexibility and no tingling sensation. On the other hand, although the cut resistance in Reference Example 10 is improved by 35% as compared with Reference Example 9, there is a problem in flexibility and a feeling of tingling, which is a problem as a knitted fabric used as a protective material.

[0040]

[Table 3]

[0041]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, a spun yarn which is flexible and has a high cutability by combining the fineness, the fiber length and the twisting coefficient, in which the single yarn fineness and the fiber length are large and a sweet twist is formed, A fiber structure such as a knitted fabric is obtained using the same. In addition, in the present invention, a protective material such as protective clothing having excellent cut resistance and excellent flexibility can be obtained, which does not give a wearer a feeling of fatigue, and is caused by stimulation of hard fiber ends, so-called. It does not give the wearer a tingling sensation. It is particularly suitable as work gloves.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining a mechanism of fiber cutting by a blade.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining a test method for cut resistance.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1: Blade 2: Single yarn 3: Single yarn 4: Slit 5: Support plate 6: Test piece 7: Blade 8: Tensile tester cell 9: Recorder

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification number Internal reference number for FI FI technical display location D03D 15/12 D03D 15/12 Z (72) Inventor Fumihiro Yasui 1-chome, Oe, Otsu City, Shiga Prefecture No. 1 Toray Co., Ltd. Seta Factory (72) Inventor Katsumi Takeno 3-4-18 Nakanoshima, Kita-ku, Osaka City DuPont Toray Kevlar Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Kazuhiro Anmiya Nihonbashihoncho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 1-5-6 DuPont Toray Kevlar Co., Ltd.

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A spun yarn comprising aromatic polyamide fibers, having a single yarn fineness of 3.5 to 5.5 denier, an average fiber length of 2.5 to 6 inches, and a twist coefficient of 1.5 to 3. Flexible spun yarn with excellent cut resistance. 2. A fibrous structure which is made of the spun yarn according to claim 1 and is flexible and has excellent cut resistance. 3. The fiber structure excellent in cut resistance according to claim 2, wherein the fiber structure is a knitted fabric. 4. A protective material which is made of the spun yarn according to claim 1 or the fiber structure according to claim 2 or 3 and which is flexible and has excellent cut resistance. 5. A soft and excellent cut-resistant protective garment comprising the spun yarn according to claim 1 or the fiber structure according to claim 2 or 3. 6. A protective glove which is made of the spun yarn according to claim 1 or the fiber structure according to claim 2 or 3 and which is flexible and has excellent cut resistance.