JPH09154319A - Granulated and coated seed and its production - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain granulated and coated seeds excellent in germination ratio and handleability, preparing only a small amount of a spherical material not containing a seed as a by-product, causing no loss of granule, by using a specific composition for granulation and granulating and coating very small seeds. SOLUTION: Very small seeds are granulated and coated by using a composition for granulation which comprises one or more kinds of powders having <20μm average particle diameters and contains 5-50wt.% of one or more of attapulgite, sepiolite and bentonite to give the objective granulated and coated seeds. The composition for granulation is preferably mixed with a binder such as a polyvinyl alcohol or a carboxymethyl cellulose.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a granulated coated seed and a method for producing the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in order to save labor in agricultural work, granules such as red soil and clay and a binder such as polyvinyl alcohol and carboxymethyl cellulose are used for seeds having a relatively large particle size such as carrots. It is known to perform granulation coating by a fluidized bed type granulator or inclined rotary pan type granulator (for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 38-346).
No. 9).

In such a seed having a large particle size such as carrot, since the adhesion of the granulating material to the seed is relatively good, a large amount of spherical particles made of only the granulating material containing no seed is not generated. In addition, even if it occurs, it is easy to distinguish the two by the size difference between those with seeds and those without seeds (usually about 1/3 of those without seeds), so it is less problematic. Don't

[0004]

However, when conventional granulation coating is applied to small seeds such as flower seeds such as betunia and Eustoma grandiflorum, seeds are not contained because the adhesion of the granulating material to the seeds is poor. There is a problem that a large amount of spherical substances are by-produced and the loss of the granulating material is large.
Further, in the micro seeds, the seed-containing ones and the seed-free ones have almost the same size, and it is difficult to distinguish the two. Nonetheless, this also adversely affects wasteful sowing and labor saving after sowing.

In view of the above problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a granulated coated seed and a method for producing the granulated coated seed, which does not generate seed-free spherical particles when granulating and coating the micro seeds. .

[0006]

The granule-coated seed of the present invention comprises a granulation composition comprising one or more powders having an average particle size of less than 20 μ Is granulated and coated.

As described above, when the fine seeds are granulated and coated, if the granulating composition having an average particle diameter of each powder constituting the granulating composition is less than 20 μ, these powders are Since it adheres well to seeds, a large amount of seed-free spheres do not form as a by-product, and granule coating of fine seeds can be performed efficiently.

In the present invention, the average particle diameter means the average volume diameter measured by the light scattering method.

In the granulated coated seed of the present invention,
Preferably, the granulating composition is attapulgite,
It contains 5 to 50 wt% of one or more of sepiolite and bentonite.

Since attapulgite, sepiolite and bentonite are powders having a large specific surface area and a clay property, a strong coating layer can be formed by using an appropriate amount of water without using an organic binder. . Therefore, it is possible to eliminate the organic binder that adversely affects the growth of the micro seeds and germinate the micro seeds satisfactorily. In addition, since the organic binder tends to easily generate a compound grain in which two or more seeds are bound in the granulation coating of the micro seeds, the organic binder should be eliminated to eliminate the tendency. You can

Attapulgite, sepiolite,
If the content of the powder of any one or more of bentonite in the composition for granulation is more than 50% by weight,
The resulting granulated coating seeds are less likely to crack, especially in the case of aerobic seeds that are difficult to germinate unless exposed to light,
It is not preferable because it is difficult to receive light and affects germination. Further, if the content is less than 5% by weight, the hardness of the obtained granulated coated seed is low and an organic binder is required, which is not preferable.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, matters relating to the implementation of the present invention will be described in detail.

In the present invention, the granule-coated minute seeds refer to seeds having an average particle diameter of 1 mm or less, and for example, many kinds of flower seeds are applicable. Examples include betunia, eustoma, begonia, coleus, snapdragon, and the like. It should be noted that these flower seeds are often micro seeds as well as amber seeds.

The composition for granulation used in the present invention contains a granulating material, and as other components, if desired, a hydrophobic agent, a plant hormone, a plant nutrient, a plant growth regulator, a bactericide, and oxygen generation. Auxiliary components such as agents and fertilizers may be contained. As the powder to be contained in the composition for granulation,
In each case, those having an average particle size of less than 20 μm are used. However, if the component is an extremely small amount that does not impair the above-mentioned effects of the present invention, the average particle size is 20 μm.
The above powder may be contained.

As the granulating material, among the inorganic substances usually used for the purpose of granulation coating of seeds, the average particle size is 2
Powders of less than 0 μm can be used. Such inorganic powders include attapulgite, sepiolite, bentonite, diatomaceous earth, silica, red clay, clay, perlite, volcanic ash, volcanic rock, feldspar, talc, kaolin,
Clay minerals, calcium carbonate, calcium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide and the like can be mentioned, and these powders may be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds. In addition,
When a plurality of powders are used as the granulating material, any powder having an average particle size of less than 20 μm is used.

As the granulating material, as described above, any one of attapulgite, sepiolite and bentonite is used.
Content of 5 or more types of powder in the composition for granulation is 5
It is preferable to use it so as to be ˜50% by weight.

As the hydrophobic agent, powder of saturated or unsaturated higher fatty acid having 14 to 22 carbon atoms, higher alcohol or derivative thereof, and having an average particle diameter of less than 20 μm can be used. Suitable hydrophobic agents include stearic acid and metal salts of stearic acid (Na, K, Mg, C).
a, Ba salt, etc.), stearyl alcohol, alkylene oxide adducts of stearyl alcohol (ethylene oxide adduct, propylene oxide adduct, etc.) and the like. When a hydrophobic agent is used, the amount used is 2 to 1 with respect to 100 parts by weight of the granulating material in order to exert its effect.
5 parts by weight are preferred. However, when a granulating composition comprising a powder having an average particle size of less than 20 μ is used as in the present invention, the water absorption of the granulated coated seed is slightly lowered. , The amount of hydrophobic agent used is
More preferably, it is 2 to 5 parts by weight.

In order to granulate and coat fine seeds using the above-described granulating composition, various known granulating devices such as an inclined rotary pan type granulator and a fluidized bed type granulator are used. You can

In the granulation coating, the above composition for granulation is added while applying a wetting agent to the micro-seed to form a coating layer on the surface of the seed.

As the wetting agent, attapulgite,
Water can be used in the composition for granulation containing a total of 5 to 50% by weight of sepiolite or bentonite, and the composition for granulation containing less than 5% by weight of these attapulgite or the like is not preferable. An aqueous solution prepared by dissolving a binder, which is an organic binder, such as polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate propionate, methyl cellulose, pullulan, gelatin, and starch in water can be used. Even in the composition for granulation containing 5 to 50% by weight of the above-mentioned attapulgite or the like, an aqueous solution prepared by dissolving a small amount of an organic binder in water is used as a wetting agent for the purpose of adjusting the hardness of the obtained granulated coating seed. May be.

The wetting agent may contain an auxiliary component of the granulating composition such as the above-mentioned plant hormone and sprayed.

The binder may be added to the composition for granulation, and water may be used as a wetting agent for granulation coating. In this case, a binder having an average particle size of less than 20 μm is used.

The size of the granule-coated seeds obtained by the granulation coating cannot be said unequivocally because the weight and size of the original seeds are different from each other, but the size may be such that mechanical seeding is possible. Not limited.

[0024]

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, specific examples and effects of the present invention will be shown by examples and comparative examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 Eustoma grandiflorum seeds (average particle size of 0.
(3 mm) 50 ml was put into an inclined rotary pan, the granulating composition shown in Table 1 was added while spraying the wetting agent shown in Table 1, and granulation coating was performed until the particle size became 1.5 mm. And dried at 30 ° C. for 3 hours.

Table 1 shows the incidence of seed-free spheroids at the time of granulation coating and the hardness of the obtained granule-coated seeds.

[0027]

[Table 1] * 1 Percentage (%) of spheres obtained as a result of granulation coating that do not contain seeds. The obtained spherical particles of 500 were inspected and determined. * 2 Push-pull scale hardness (manufactured by Komura)
Was measured (average value of 50 grains).

As is clear from Table 1, in Examples 1 to 5 in which the powders constituting the granulating composition all have an average particle size of less than 20 μm, no seed-free spheres are generated. . On the other hand, as shown in Comparative Examples 1 to 4, when the powder constituting the granulating composition contained particles having an average particle size of 20 μm or more, a large amount of seed-free spherical particles were obtained. It occurred, and the sizes of the seeds containing seeds and those not containing seeds were almost the same and could not be distinguished by the naked eye.

In addition, 5 to 50% by weight of attapulgite, sepiolite or bentonite is contained in the granulating composition.
With the granulated coated seeds of Examples 2 to 4 containing, an appropriate hardness was obtained without using an organic binder.

Next, germination tests were carried out on the granulated coated seeds obtained in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 and the non-granulated naked seeds. For the germination test, 2 pieces of filter paper were laid on a 9 cmφ petri dish, and 4 ml of water was poured into the petri dish.
100 granule-coated seeds were placed on a bed and placed in a thermostat at 20 ° C. The germination test was performed without selecting seed-free spheres. Table 2 shows the results
Shown in

[0031]

[Table 2] * 3 Germination vigor is the percentage of seeds that have germinated 4 days after the start of the test. * 4 Germination rate is the rate of germinated seeds 21 days after the start of the test.

As is clear from Table 2, in the granulated coated seed of Example 1, the germination rate was slightly inferior to that of the non-granulated seed, but the germination rate was as high as that of the non-granulated seed. In the granulated coated seeds of Examples 2 to 4, which contained a total of 5 to 50% by weight of attapulgite, sepiolite or bentonite in the granulating composition, a large number of wide cracks were formed at the time of water absorption, and the seeds in the inside were well exposed. , Seed germination rate and germination rate were as high as those of non-granulated seeds.

On the other hand, in the granulated coated seeds of Comparative Examples 1 to 4, since the seed-free spheroids were contained in 100 seeds subjected to the germination test, the germination vigor and the germination rate were both. It was low. In particular, in the granulated coated seed of Comparative Example 2, almost no cracks were formed even when it contacted with water, and the seeded seed was not exposed so that the seed could be seen. In the grain-coated seeds, the germination rate and germination rate were very low because the granulated coating layer tended to dissolve and the seeds in the seeds were buried and disappeared.

[0034]

As described above, with the granulated coated seed of the present invention, since the by-product of seed-free spherical material is less during granulation coating, there is less loss of the granulating material, and It is not necessary to sort seeds with and without seeds after grain coating.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. One or two having an average particle size of less than 20 μm.
Granule-coated seeds, wherein fine seeds are granulated and coated using a granulating composition composed of at least one kind of powder. 2. The granulating composition is any one or two of attapulgite, sepiolite and bentonite.
The granulated coated seed according to claim 1, which contains 5 to 50% by weight of at least one seed. 3. One or two having an average particle size of less than 20 μm.
A method for producing granulated coated seeds, which comprises granulating and coating fine seeds using a granulating composition comprising at least one kind of powder. 4. The composition for granulation is any one or two of attapulgite, sepiolite and bentonite.
The method for producing a granulated coated seed according to claim 3, wherein the content of the seed is 5 to 50% by weight.