JPH09139910A - Video data processing method, video data processor and video data recording and reproducing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide natural images whose contents are easily confirmable even when video data compression-encoded by using a relatively large macroblock such as 16×16 picture elements and recorded on a video tape are reproduced at a high speed. SOLUTION: A compression encoding system 12 compression-encodes non- compressed video data and generates compressed video data by a GOP(video data block) unit. A write address control circuit 142 performs a shuffling processing so as to record the macroblocks adjacent on images at adjacent positions on a VTR tape 2 as well. An external code encoder 146 generates external codes and adds them to audio/video data. A SYNC/ID adding circuit 152 performs interleaving so as to include the macroblocks adjacent on the images in different ECC(error correction data) blocks, acids synchronization data SYNC and a track ID, replaces helical tracks for performing recording for respective GOPs and performs recording on the VTR tape 2.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention grasps the image reproduced by a viewer even when the image data recorded on a video tape is compression-encoded using a relatively large macro block of 16 × 16 pixels and is reproduced at high speed. The present invention relates to a video data processing method, a video data processing device, and a video data recording / reproducing device that are easy to perform.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in compression encoding of digital video data of a moving image, the video data included in each frame is divided into relatively small blocks of about 8 × 4 pixels, and It is performed by performing processing such as predictive coding in block units.
However, currently, the compression coding of video data is
Larger macroblocks such as 6 × 16 pixels are being used.

On the other hand, it is prevented that a burst-like data error occurs during reproduction and many errors occur in an error correction data block (ECC block) with the same error correction code (ECC), which makes the error correction process impossible. Therefore, the video data is shuffled and recorded on the VTR tape so that the distribution of macroblocks included in the same ECC block is random on the helical track of the video tape (VTR tape).

As described above, compression coding is performed using a large macroblock, shuffling is performed so that the distribution on the helical track becomes random, and the video data recorded on the VTR tape is reproduced at a normal reproduction speed. In that case, no problems arise. However, there are cases where it is desired to reproduce such video data from the VTR tape at high speed such as double speed or triple speed. During high-speed playback, a video cassette tape recorder (VCR device (VCR; Video
The reproducing head of the Cassette Recorder) does not scan (trace) along the helical track of the VTR tape, but traces the helical track at an angle corresponding to the double speed of high-speed reproduction with respect to the longitudinal direction of the helical track. Therefore, during high speed reproduction, not all of the video data recorded on each helical track is reproduced, but only a part thereof.

On the other hand, as described above, in the conventional shuffling process, the video data is shuffled so that the distribution of macroblocks included in the same frame on the helical track of the VTR tape becomes constant.
When only a part of the video data recorded on each of the helical tracks is reproduced, macroblocks separated from each other on the image are reproduced from the same helical track.

If the macroblock is relatively small,
Due to human visual characteristics, each updated macroblock is inconspicuous, and it looks as if the entire image is integrated.
The effect on the viewer is small. However, the larger the macroblock becomes, the more noticeable each macroblock becomes, and the more difficult it is for the viewer to see the reproduced image. That is, in such a case, a plurality of rectangular areas (macroblocks) that are separated from each other are randomly updated, and the image looks unnatural to the viewer as if the image was divided into checkered flag areas. Such a phenomenon becomes remarkable when the motion of the image is intense.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, in which video data is compression-encoded using a macro block having a size of 16 × 16 pixels,
A video data processing method, a video data processing device, and a video data recording / processing method in which a reproduced image is natural and easy to see even when recorded on a video tape and further displayed at high speed.
It is an object to provide a playback device.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, a video data processing method according to the present invention is an array of the macro blocks of the video data compressed in a macro block unit and recorded on a magnetic tape recording medium. Is a video data processing method for changing, the recording positions on the magnetic tape recording medium of the macroblocks adjacent to each other are adjacent to each other, and the magnetic tape recording medium is scanned with the video data at double speed, The macroblocks are shuffled so that the macroblocks adjacent to each other on the image are reproduced.

The video data processing device according to the present invention is a video data processing device for changing the arrangement of the macro blocks of the video data which is compressed in macro block units and recorded on the magnetic tape recording medium, The video data array change processing means for changing the array of the macro blocks so that the recording positions on the magnetic tape recording medium of the adjacent macro blocks on the image are adjacent to each other, and the macro blocks adjacent to each other on the image are The interleaving processing means performs interleaving processing so that the data blocks are not included in the same data block, and the error correction code addition processing means adds an error correction code to the interleaved data blocks.

A video data recording / reproducing apparatus according to the present invention is a video data recording / reproducing apparatus for recording / reproducing video data compressed in macroblock units on a magnetic tape recording medium. Video data processing means for changing the arrangement of the macroblocks of data,
Recording means for recording the video data whose arrangement has been changed on the magnetic tape recording medium, wherein the video data processing means has adjacent recording positions on the magnetic tape recording medium of the macroblocks that are adjacent on an image. As described above, the video data array changing processing means for changing the arrangement of the macroblocks, and the interleave processing means for interleaving so that the adjacent macroblocks on the image are not included in the same data block. Error correction code addition processing means for adding an error correction code to the data block.

Preferably, video data reproducing means for reproducing the video data recorded on the magnetic tape recording medium, arrangement restoring means for restoring the arrangement of the macroblocks of the reproduced video data, and the macro. Error correction processing means for performing error correction processing using the error correction code added to the video data in which the arrangement of blocks is restored, and video data expansion means for expanding the error-corrected video data. Have.

The video data processing apparatus according to the present invention divides one frame into relatively large macroblocks of, for example, 16 × 16 pixels, and predictively codes the video data block composed of a plurality of frames ( GO
P; Group Of Picture) compression encoded
Shuffling and interleaving of video data blocks recorded on the helical track of the tape.

The video data array changing means divides, for example, macroblocks of video data into predetermined recording blocks, and adjacent macroblocks on an image (within a frame) are recorded at adjacent positions on a magnetic tape recording medium. As described above, the arrangement of the recording blocks is changed. The interleave processing means performs interleave processing so that adjacent macroblocks on the image are not included in the same data block, and even if a bursty data error occurs during reproduction, the adjacent macroblocks on the image are Error correction is performed by different error correction codes so that the loss of video data is not concentrated on the screen. The error correction code adding means adds a predetermined error correction code to the interleaved macroblock.

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS First Embodiment Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 shows a video cassette recorder (VCR) according to the present invention.
1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a sette Recorder) device 1. FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, the VCR device 1 according to the present invention includes a recording unit 1
0, recording head unit 20, reproducing head unit 40, reproducing unit 4
8, a controller 60, a tape running system 62, and a drum rotating system 64. The recording unit 10 includes a compression encoding system 1
2, a recording system 14 and a memory circuit 18.
The reproducing unit 48 includes a reproducing system 50, a memory unit 56, and a decompression decoding system 58.

The VCR device 1 uses these components to convert the audio / video data input from an external video processing device (not shown) such as an audio / video data relay device and an audio / video data editing device to MPEG or the like. Video data of a predetermined number of frames (GOP; Gro
Up Of Picure) is compression-encoded in units.

Further, the VCR device 1 shuffles video data similarly to the conventional VCR device, and a part of a plurality of recording heads and reproducing heads (recording / reproducing heads) has a head clog or the like. In case of failure,
The reproduced image is shuffled so as not to be lost at the same position continuously, and the uncompressed audio data is recorded on the VTR tape 2 accommodated in the cassette half. Further, the reproduction system 50 of the VCR device 1 reads the audio / video data recorded on the VTR tape 2 as described above, reproduces the audio / video data at the time of recording, and outputs the audio / video data to an external video processing device. .

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the configuration of the recording unit 10 shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, the recording system 14 of the recording unit 10 includes a pack circuit 140, a write address control circuit 142, and a shuffling ROM circuit 1.
44, an outer code (outer ECC) encoder 146, an interleave ROM circuit 148, a read address control circuit 150, a SYNC / ID adding circuit 150, and an inner code (inner ECC) encoder circuit 154.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the structure of the reproducing unit 48 shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, the reproduction system 50 of the reproduction unit 48 includes an inner code decoder circuit 500 and an ID detection circuit 51.
0, a non-tracking control circuit 512,
Outer code decoder circuit 518, deshuffli
ng) ROM circuit 520, read address control circuit 52
2 and a depack circuit 524.
The memory unit 56 of the reproducing unit 48 includes a memory circuit 560 and a jog memory circuit 562.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the recording head unit 20 and the reproducing head unit 40 shown in FIG. 1 in the case of four heads. As shown in FIG. 4A, the recording head unit 20 includes four recording heads 200, 202, 20.
4,206.

As shown in FIG. 4B, the reproducing head unit 4
0 is composed of reproducing heads 400, 402, 404 and 406. Playback heads 400, 402, 404, 406
Each of them is a reproducing head with a normal azimuth angle (normal azimuth reproducing head) a ₁₁ , a ₁₂ (A ₁ which is arranged on the tape running surface of the rotating drum 30 at an interval of one helical track of the VTR tape 2. ) A ₂₁ , a ₂₂ (A ₂ ), a ₃₁ , a
₃₂ (A ₃ ), a ₄₁ , a ₄₂ (A ₄ ), and the positive azimuth reproducing head at a position symmetrical to the positive azimuth reproducing head on the tape running surface of the rotating drum 30 and the rotation axis of the rotating drum 30. Similarly, reproducing heads with negative azimuth angles (negative azimuth reproducing heads) b ₁₁ , b ₁₂ (B ₁ ), b ₂₁ , which are arranged at intervals of one helical track of the VTR tape 2,
b ₂₂ (B ₂ ), b ₃₁ , b ₃₂ (B ₃ ), b ₄₁ , b
_{It is} composed of ₄₂ (B ₄ ).

Each component of the VCR device 1 will be described below. The control unit 60 controls the VCR device 1 by a user or the like.
Each component of the VCR device 1 is controlled according to the operation buttons provided on the CR device 1 or the operation data input via the terminal device. The tape running system 62 includes a control unit 6
The VTR tape 2 is run under the control of 0. The drum rotating system 64 rotates the rotating drum 30 under the control of the control unit 60, and causes the recording head unit 20 and the reproducing head unit 40 arranged on the rotating drum 30 to scan the helical track of the VTR tape 2. .

The respective components relating to the operation when the VCR device 1 records audio / video data on the VTR tape 2 will be described below. The recording unit 10 compression-encodes uncompressed video data (INPUT DATA VIDEO) input from an external video processing device by a compression encoding system such as an MPEG system,
It is recorded on the VTR tape 2 together with the uncompressed audio signal (INPUT DATA AUDIO).

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a method of dividing video data when the compression coding system 12 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 compresses and codes uncompressed video data. As shown in FIG.
One screen contains 720 pixels in the scanning line direction, 525/60
In the case of video data having a configuration, 512 lines are included in the vertical direction, in the case of video data having a 625/50 configuration, 608 lines are included in the vertical direction, and one macroblock is 1
Since 6 pixels x 16 lines, one screen has 525/6
The video data of 0 structure is divided into 45 × 32 macroblocks, and the video data of 625/50 structure is divided into 45 × 38 macroblocks.

In the recording unit 10 (FIG. 1), the compression coding system 12 divides the input uncompressed video data into macroblocks of 16 pixels × 16 lines as shown in FIG. 5, and these macroblocks are divided. Then, an orthogonal transformation process such as DCT (discrete cosine transform), a predictive coding process, a quantization process and a variable length coding process are performed for compression coding in GOP units.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing compressed video data output from the compression encoding system 12 shown in FIG. 1 to the recording system 14. As shown in FIG. 6A, the GOP of the compressed video data is, for example, two frames of compressed video data, that is, compressed and encoded within a frame, and can be decompressed and decoded without using data of other frames. I frame (Intra P
icture) and a B frame (Bi-directional Pictur) that is compression-encoded so as to have a correlation with the preceding and following frames and is decompressed and decoded using the data of the preceding and following frames after the decompression decoding
e) and are included.

As shown in FIG. 6B, the compression coding system 1
2 is the generated compressed video data, I frame first,
It is output to the pack circuit 140 (FIG. 2) of the recording system 14 as a bit string after the B frame, which has a relatively long processing time in each of the subsequent constituent parts.

The recording system 14 (FIGS. 1 and 2) shuffles the compressed video data using the memory circuit 18, assembles the compressed video data into a predetermined recording format, and outputs the error correction code (outer code (O
UTERECC) and inner code (INNER ECC) are also referred to as product codes), and V is added via the recording head unit 20.
Record on the helical track of TR tape 2.

In the recording system 14, the pack circuit 140
Performs processing on the basis of GOP data input from the compression encoding system 12, and compresses variable-length compressed video data input from the compression encoding system 12, uncompressed audio data, and the system auxiliary input from the control unit 60. The data is shown in FIG.
And accommodated in fixed-length recording block units shown in FIG.
The data is stored in the memory circuit 18 according to the write address generated by the write address control circuit 142. Also, the pack circuit 140 separates macroblock position data (Macroblock Number) included in the compressed video data and indicating the position (FIG. 5) of each macroblock on the screen, and outputs it to the write address control circuit 142. .

FIG. 7 shows a case where the VCR device 16 shown in FIG. 2 multiplexes compressed video data and uncompressed audio data.
It is a figure which shows the structure of the recording block unit shown to (C). As shown in FIG. 7A, the recording block unit is 12
It has a 6-byte structure, and has a 2-byte synchronous data area SYNC, a 4-byte identification data area ID, and 10 from the beginning.
8-byte data area (DATA) and inner code (INNER PARIT
It is each area of Y) area.

As shown in FIG. 7B, the 64 recording blocks for compressed video data (I frame and B frame) include one ECC (Error Collect) containing video data.
ionCode) block. An ECC block includes 1 recording block unit in which compressed video data is multiplexed in a data area (DATA) and an outer code (OUTER PARITY).
It includes four recording block units. When the compressed video data has a 625/50 structure, 1 GOP worth of video data is contained in 36 ECC blocks, and when the compressed video data has a 525/60 structure, 1 GOP worth of video data is 30. It is accommodated in each ECC block.

Further, as shown in FIG. 7C, the 14 recording blocks for uncompressed audio data are one EC including uncompressed audio data corresponding to 1 GOP worth of video data.
Construct C block. ECC block is a data area
(DATA) includes 6 recording block units in which uncompressed audio data is multiplexed, and 8 recording block units including an outer code (OUTER PARITY).

If the compressed video data has a 625/50 structure, 1 GOP worth of audio data has 12 ECCs.
If the compressed video data is stored in a block and has 525/60 structure, 1 GOP of audio data is 10 ECs.
It is accommodated in the C block, and 1 GOP includes audio data of up to 4 channels (CH1 to CH4). The uncompressed audio data has a fixed length, and the pack circuit 140
Uncompressed audio data is equally divided into fixed lengths and accommodated in each recording block unit.

Further, as shown in FIG. 7D, 1 GOP
The system auxiliary data generated by the control unit 60 or the like is added to each minute of audio / video data. The system auxiliary data is 30 bytes of non-tracking control data (NT Control) used for non-tracking processing (described later with reference to FIG. 3) in the non-tracking control circuit 512 of the reproducing system 50 from the beginning in the data area (DATA). ), And used by the user to manage the VTR tape 2, etc. 39
Byte management data (Frame 0 Data, Frame 1 Data) is 1
Two for each frame are stored.

Unlike the recording block unit for video data and the recording block unit for audio data, the system auxiliary data is not added with an outer code and does not have the ECC block structure. In order to ensure the reliability of the VTR tape 2, for each recording area of 1 GOP of audio / video data of the VTR tape 2, 32 pieces of compressed video data have a 625/50 structure, and 32 pieces of compressed video data have a 525/60 structure. 24 system auxiliary data are repeatedly written.

Here, the compressed video data has a variable length for each macroblock, whereas the recording block unit has a fixed length. Therefore, exactly one macroblock is provided for each recording block unit. Not all compressed video data are stored in each recording block, and a compressed block of one macroblock may not be stored in each recording block. On the other hand, if a data error occurs in the recording block unit, the data after the portion in the recording block where the data error occurs cannot be reproduced.

The DC component and low frequency component of each macroblock have a great influence on the quality of the reproduced image. For this reason, the pack circuit 140 accommodates the components of the compressed video data of each macroblock in ascending order of frequency from the beginning in the data area (DATA) of the ECC block shown in FIG. 7B. In this way, the components of the compressed video data are accommodated in the data area (DATA) in order from the lowest frequency,
When the data is recorded on the tape 2, the DC component of the compressed video data, which has the largest influence on the quality of the reproduced image, can be reproduced at the lowest unless a data error occurs at the beginning of the data area of the recording block unit.

Therefore, by storing the compressed video data in the recording block unit by this method, it is possible to prevent the situation where the image of the macroblock in which the data error occurs cannot be reproduced at all, and the quality deterioration of the reproduced image is minimized. Can be suppressed to Also, if this method is adopted, VCR
Since the device 1 reproduces the audio / video data from the VTR tape 2 at a high speed, the same effect can be obtained even when all the data in each recording block is not read.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an ECC block stored in the memory circuit 18 shown in FIG. FIG. 9 shows FIG.
It is a figure which shows the recording area of the memory circuit 18 shown in FIG. The compressed video data accommodated in the recording block unit (FIG. 7) by the recording system 14 as described above is stored in the memory circuit 18 as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9. In the memory circuit 18, the ECC block for video (FIG. 7B) is, for example, as shown in FIG. 9, 000h (h;
From hexa-decimal) to 240h (2 per 1
Up to bytes (16 bits) are stored.

Further, an ECC block for voice (see FIG. 7)
(C)) is stored, for example, at addresses 240h to 300h of the memory circuit 18. Further, the system auxiliary data (FIG. 7D) is, for example, 2 of the memory circuit 18.
It is stored from address 00h to address 340h. Also,
Addresses 340h to 3FFh of the memory circuit 18 are used as a spare area for audio delay.

The shuffling ROM circuit 144 stores the address (shuffling pattern) of the memory circuit 18 corresponding to each recording block unit to be recorded in the memory circuit 18 by the pack circuit 140, and controls the write address control circuit 142. The write address control circuit 142 outputs the write address control circuit 142.

That is, the write address control circuit 142
Generates a write address indicating, in accordance with the shuffling pattern input from the shuffling ROM circuit 144, the recording block unit output from the pack circuit 140 is the number of recording block units of the ECC block,
Shuffling processing is performed on the ECC block and the system auxiliary data (FIG. 7).

In the VCR device 1, the size of the macroblock is 16 pixels × 16 lines, which is relatively large. Therefore, for example, the recording head unit 20 sets the VTR tape 2 to 1.
Each time scanning is performed, mutually adjacent macroblocks are simultaneously recorded on the VTR tape 2, and a shuffling pattern for shuffling is stored in the shuffling ROM circuit 144 so that the macroblocks are collectively recorded on the VTR tape 2. There is. That is, in the VCR device 1, at the time of recording, compressed video data corresponding to a large area of the screen is recorded on the VTR tape 2 by one scan of the recording head unit 20, and a large area of the screen is recorded by one scan of the reproducing head unit 40. The corresponding compressed video data is read from the VTR tape 2.

Here, the shuffling pattern stored in the shuffling ROM circuit 144 will be described. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a recording format of video data, audio data, and system auxiliary data on the VTR tape 2 shown in FIG. FIG. 11 shows the VT of the video data, audio data and system auxiliary data shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a recording position on an R tape 2. As shown in FIG. 10, the video data of 525/60 structure for 1 GOP is recorded on 10 helical tracks of the VTR tape 2, and the video data of 625/50 structure for 1 GOP is VT.
It is recorded on 12 helical tracks of the R tape 2.

Further, as shown in FIG. 11, the audio / video data for 1 GOP is divided into 1/2, and the upper area (UPPER SIDE AREA) and the lower area of the helical track of the VTR tape 2 are divided.
(LOWER SIDE AREA), the audio data is recorded in the center of the VTR tape 2, and the video data is recorded on both sides of the audio data. V for recording uncompressed video data on VTR tape
In the CR device, the shuffling process is performed for each pixel,
Alternatively, in the intra-field compression encoding method, 8
The shuffling process is performed for each relatively small macroblock of × 4 pixels.

In the case of shuffling for each pixel or for each relatively small macroblock, adjacent pixels or macroblocks in the same image are separated as much as possible on the VTR tape 2 in order to improve the error correction capability. The shuffling pattern is determined so that it is recorded at the position. Even when shuffling with such a shuffling pattern, the area on the image of the unit of shuffling processing is small, so even if part of the video data is played back at high speed, the screen will not be visible due to human visual characteristics. Since it seems to have been integrated, the viewer was able to fully confirm the contents of the image.

However, when shuffling a macro block having a large size of 16 × 16 pixels by a shuffling pattern which is recorded at positions as far apart as possible on the VTR tape 2, reproduction time of an adjacent macro block on the image is reproduced. The spacing is wider, the macroblock boundaries are clearly visible to the viewer, and the image does not appear to be integrated. Therefore, in this case, the image has a checkered flag shape divided into macroblocks, which is very difficult for the viewer to see.

In order to solve such a problem, the VCR
In the apparatus 1, the recording head unit 20 is the VTR tape 2
Macroblocks that are adjacent to each other in the same image are recorded at adjacent positions on the VTR tape 2 so that video data of a large area of the same image is recorded each time one scan is performed. Macro blocks to be included in different ECC blocks so that these macro blocks are error-corrected by different error correction codes (inner code and outer code).

On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11,
Audio / video data for 1 GOP is recorded on 10 or 12 helical tracks, and the sector for recording video data is divided into two areas by the sector for recording audio data. is there. Under this constraint, when the magnification of double speed reproduction is low, the video data included in the large rectangle on the screen is reproduced, and when the magnification is high, the video data included in the small rectangle is reproduced on the screen. To do.

With reference to FIGS. 12 to 18, the shuffling pattern stored in the shuffling ROM circuit 144 will be described in more detail for video data having a 525/60 structure. FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a method of dividing a macro block. As shown on the left side of FIG. 12, when the video data is divided into macroblocks of 16 × 16 pixels, 45 in the scanning line (horizontal) direction and 32 in the vertical direction (total 4
5 × 32) macroblocks are created. This 45 pieces ×
The 32 macroblocks are divided into 5 in the horizontal direction and 4 in the vertical direction (5 × 4 in total), and 9 macroblocks in the horizontal direction and 8 macroblocks in the vertical direction (total 9 ×
8) and shuffling blocks. Of these 20 shuffling blocks, 10 on the upper side in the image are the helical tracks 01 of the VTR tape 2.
It is assigned to the upper region (FIG. 11) of h to 0 Ah, and the 10 lower (hatched portions) are assigned to the lower region of the helical tracks 01h to 0Ah of the VTR tape 2.

As shown in the right side of FIG. 12, each of the shuffling blocks thus divided is three in the horizontal direction and two in the vertical direction (3 × 2 in total).
Dividing into 6 shuffling units including shuffling blocks, further dividing into 3 units in the horizontal direction and 4 units in the vertical direction (3 × 4 in total) into 12 units,
The macro blocks included in the shuffling unit are given the order indicated by the dotted line. This order indicates the order of recording / reproducing with respect to the VTR tape 2 of macroblocks included in each shuffling block.

FIG. 13 shows a helical structure in which the reproducing head unit 40 can reproduce 50% or more of data when the reproducing unit 48 performs 2 × speed reproduction, 4 × speed reproduction, 7 × speed reproduction, and 19 × speed reproduction. It is a figure which shows the locus | trajectory of the track part (FIG.4 (B)). In addition, in FIG.
The loci e are the reproduction heads 400, 402, 404, and 406 (FIG. 4) for 2 × speed reproduction, 4 × speed reproduction, 7 × speed reproduction, 19 × speed reproduction, and 37 × speed reproduction, respectively.
It is one of the loci of (B)). FIG. 14 to FIG.
When the reproducing unit 48 shown in FIG. 1 performs 2 × speed reproduction, 4 × speed reproduction, 7 × speed reproduction, 19 × speed reproduction and 37 × speed reproduction, the reproducing head unit 40 scans the VTR tape 2 once. It is a figure which shows the area | region of the image updated every time.

Non-tracking control circuit 5 of reproducing section 48
As will be described later with reference to 12, since the reproducing unit 48 reproduces the audio / video data from the VTR tape 2 by the non-tracking method, the reproducing head 4 of the helical track is used.
It is possible to reproduce the audio / video data recorded in the portion scanned by any of 00, 402, 404, and 406. As shown by a trace a in FIG. 13, the reproducing unit 48 of the VCR device 1 reproduces the audio / video data from the upper region and the lower region of the scanned helical track during the 2 × speed reproduction and the 4 × speed reproduction. be able to.

When the reproducing head unit 40 reads the audio / video data shuffled as shown in FIG. 12 from the scanned helical track, for example, the read video data is shown in FIGS. 14 (A) and 15 (A). ) Corresponding to the rectangular part of the two shuffling blocks shaded,
It is possible to read continuous, wide area video data on an image. On the other hand, when the reproducing head unit 40 reproduces the randomly shuffled audio / video data from the helical track as in the conventional case, it is not displayed on the screen as shown in FIGS. 14 (B) and 15 (B). The video data corresponding to continuous rectangular portions each having a small area are read out, and the viewer feels unnatural as described above.

When the reproducing unit 48 of the VCR device 1 reads the shuffled audio / video data as shown in FIG. 12 from the portion of the trajectory c of FIG. 13 during the 7 × speed reproduction, for example, the read video data is It is possible to reproduce video data corresponding to two rectangular areas each including 9 × 4 macro blocks, which are shaded in 16 (A).
On the other hand, when the reproducing head unit 40 reproduces the randomly shuffled audio / video data from the helical track, it is discontinuous on the screen as shown in FIG. 16 (B).
The video data corresponding to the rectangular portions each having a small area are read out.

When the reproducing unit 48 of the VCR device 1 reads out the shuffled audio / video data as shown in FIG. 12 from the portion of the locus d in FIG. 13 during the 19 × speed reproduction, for example, the read out video data is It is possible to reproduce video data corresponding to 6 rectangular areas each including 3 × 4 macro blocks, which are shaded in 17 (A).
On the other hand, when the reproducing head unit 40 reproduces the randomly shuffled audio / video data from the helical track, it is discontinuous on the screen as shown in FIG. 17 (B).
The video data corresponding to the rectangular portions each having a small area are read out.

When the reproducing unit 48 of the VCR device 1 reads the shuffled audio / video data as shown in FIG. 12 from the portion of the locus e of FIG. 13 during the 37 × speed reproduction, for example, the read video data is It is possible to reproduce video data corresponding to 12 rectangular areas each including 3 × 2 macro blocks, which are shaded in 18 (A). On the other hand, when the reproducing head unit 40 reproduces randomly shuffled audio / video data from the helical track, rectangular areas each having a small area are discontinuous on the screen as shown in FIG. 18B. The corresponding video data will be read.

As described above with reference to FIGS. 12 to 18, when the shuffling pattern shown in FIG. 12 is used, each time the reproducing head unit 40 scans the helical track of the VTR tape 2 once. , It is possible to read out the video data corresponding to a continuous wide rectangular area of the image,
The viewer can easily confirm the content of the image during high-speed reproduction. The write address control circuit 142 is the pack circuit 1
The shuffling pattern is read from the shuffling ROM circuit 144 based on the macroblock position data input from the 40, and the recording block unit that the pack circuit 140 is going to store in the memory circuit 18 is written according to the read shuffling pattern. The address of the memory circuit 18 to be generated is generated and shuffling is performed.

Although the video data having the 525/60 structure has been described above, the shuffling pattern shown in FIG. 12 can be applied to the case where the video data having the 625/50 structure is shuffled. Also, SYNC
As will be described later, the ID adding circuit 152 (FIG. 2) interleaves the shuffled audio / video data to which the outer code is added, and performs track replacement processing.
That is, the recording block unit is assigned to the actual helical track of the VTR tape 2 by the shuffling process by the write address control circuit 142, the interleave process by the SYNC / ID adding circuit 152, and the track exchange process.

The outer code encoder 146 (FIG. 2) reads the audio / video data from the video ECC block and the audio ECC block (FIG. 7) recorded in the memory circuit 18, and outputs the respective data areas (DATA The outer code is generated from the compressed video data or audio data included in). Further, the outer code encoder 146 stores the generated outer code in the data area (DATA) of the memory circuit 18 and the address corresponding to the outer code area together with the read audio / video data. The SYNC / ID adding circuit 152
It is activated by a recording start signal (REC START) input from the control unit 60 and generates the synchronization data SYNC. Also,
The SYNC / ID adding circuit 152 generates the identification data ID and outputs it to the SYNC / ID adding circuit 150. The SYNC / ID adding circuit 152 is shown in FIG.
Interleave processing and track exchange processing described later with reference to FIG. 34 are performed.

The identification data ID generated by the SYNC / ID adding circuit 152 will be described. FIG. 19 is a diagram showing the contents of the synchronization data ID shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 10, 1GO recorded in the memory circuit 18
ECC block for P and system auxiliary data (SYSTE
M AUX) is VT for video data of 525/60 structure
Recorded on 10 helical tracks of R tape 2, 6
In the case of 25/50 video data, it is recorded on 12 helical tracks of the VTR tape 2.

In the identification data ID, a synchronization block (Sync
A Block ID and a Track ID are included (hereinafter, these will be collectively referred to simply as identification data IDs). E
As shown by an arrow A in FIG. 10, each of the CC block and the recording block unit of the system auxiliary data is provided with an 8-bit synchronous block ID shown in FIG. 19A, and is shown by an arrow B in FIG. Thus, in the range of 01h to 0Ch for audio / video data of 625/50 format, it is 0 for audio / video data of 525/60 format.
A track ID is assigned in the range of 1h to 0Ah.

As shown in FIG. 19B, the sixth bit of the identification data ID of the ECC block for audio data (FIG. 7C) is used to identify the system auxiliary data and audio (AUDIO) data. The 5th and 4th bits are used for identifying the channels (CH1 to CH4) of the audio data, and the 3rd bit is used for identifying the upper and lower regions of the helical track. Further, as shown in FIG. 19C, the 7th bit of the identification data ID of the ECC block for video data is used to identify the top and bottom of the sector.

Interleaved ROM circuit 148 (FIG. 2)
Stores an interleave pattern indicating which ECC block (FIG. 7) corresponds to which recording block unit the identification data ID corresponds to, and the read address control circuit 15
The interleave pattern stored in accordance with the control of 0 is output to the read address control circuit 150.

The read address control circuit 150 controls the interleave ROM circuit 148 to read the interleave pattern, and the memory in which the recording block unit of the ECC block corresponding to the input identification data ID is recorded based on the interleave pattern. Circuit 18
Generates the read address of. The memory circuit 18 outputs the recording block unit (ECC block) stored at the read address generated by the read address control circuit 150 to the SYNC / ID addition circuit 152. The SYNC / ID adding circuit 152 divides the input recording block unit (ECC block) corresponding to the helical track of the VTR tape 2 and adds the identification data ID, interleave processing, and track replacement processing, and inner code encoder. Output to the circuit 154.

Here, referring to FIGS. 20 to 29, SY
The interleave processing by the NC / ID adding circuit 152 will be described in detail. As described above, after the shuffling process by the write address control circuit 142 and the interleave process and the track exchange process by the SYNC / ID adding circuit 152, the recording block unit (synchronization block; V
It is assigned to the helical track of the TR tape 2.

The interleave processing in the SYNC / ID adding circuit 152 is 30 (525 /
Recording block unit (synchronous block) included in the ECC block for video data, which is in the case of 60 configurations) or 36 (in the case of 625/50 configurations), and 10 per GOP (in the case of 525/60 configurations) or 12 Pieces (6
25/50 configuration) 10 recording block units included in an ECC block for audio data (525 /
In the case of 60 configurations) or 12 (for 625/50 configurations), the VTR tapes 2 are evenly allocated to the helical tracks.

The first purpose of the interleave processing by the SYNC / ID adding circuit 152 is to disperse data errors in a plurality of ECC blocks and correct the errors in each ECC block even when a burst-like data error occurs during reproduction. It is to improve the quality of the reproduced image by stopping within the range that does not exceed the capacity. The second purpose of the interleave processing by the SYNC / ID adding circuit 152 is that the shredding processing by the write address control circuit 142 causes the adjacent macroblocks in the image to become VTRs.
Since it is recorded at the adjacent position on the tape 2,
By including adjacent macro blocks on the VTR tape 2 in different ECC blocks,
Even if data errors occur in a plurality of adjacent macroblocks on the R tape 2, error correction can be performed by different error correction codes so that image loss is concentrated in a narrow area of the image, making interpolation impossible. It is to avoid the problem that the screen is lost or the screen is missing.

As shown in FIG. 11, outer codes of each ECC block are arranged on both sides of each recording block unit (synchronization block) of audio / video data.
By arranging in this way, when tape skew occurs in the VTR tape 2, even if the VTR tape 2 and the reproducing heads 400, 402, 404, 406 (FIG. 4) do not hit each other sufficiently, the audio / video data can be obtained. Can be read as much as possible. Further, by arranging the outer code in this way, for example, when the audio data of the first channel (CH1) is edited, when data of another sector is erroneously overwritten (overwritten). However, there is an advantage that only the outer code is lost and the data body is likely to be saved.

A concrete interleave pattern is shown in FIG.
0 to FIG. 29. 20 to 23 are diagrams illustrating an interleave pattern of video data for video data having a 525/60 structure. 20 to 23.
Shows a part of the interleave pattern, and the numerical values are synchronization blocks I added in recording block units, which will be described later in the description of the SYNC.ID adding circuit 152.
It has a format indicating the ECC block number (ECC Block ID) and the synchronization block number corresponding to D (SYNC BLOCK ID) and track ID (TRACK ID).

24 to 27 are diagrams showing an example of an interleave pattern of video data for video data having a 625/50 structure. 24 to 27, a part of the interleave pattern is shown, and the numerical value is S.
As will be described later in the description of the YNC / ID adding circuit 152,
Sync block ID (SYNC
E corresponding to BLOCK ID) and track ID (TRACK ID)
It has a format indicating a CC block number (ECC Block ID) and a synchronization block number. 28 and 29
[Fig. 6] is a diagram showing an interleave pattern of audio data, which is composed of video data of 525/60 and 6 respectively.
The video data of the 25/50 configuration is shown. FIG.
The interleave patterns shown in FIGS. 2 to 29 are recorded in the interleave ROM circuit 148.

Here, referring to FIGS.
The track exchange processing by the C / ID adding circuit 152 will be described in detail. 30 and 31 show four recording heads 200, 202 of the recording head unit 20 shown in FIG. 4A when the track interchange processing by the SYNC / ID adding circuit 152 shown in FIG. 2 is not performed. 204,2
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a helical track of the VTR tape 2 that cannot be read and a portion on the screen corresponding to the unreadable data, taking as an example the case where a failure occurs in the second recording head 202 of 06. Note that FIG. 30 shows audio / video data of 525/60 structure, and FIG. 31 shows 525/60.
The audio / video data of the configuration is shown, and the comparison between the track and the portion on the screen is simplified for convenience of illustration.

As shown in FIG. 30A, the recording head 2
In 00, track numbers (Track No.) 01h, 05h, 0
9h, ... Helical tracks correspond to the recording head 20
2 corresponds to the helical tracks with track numbers 02h, 06h, 0Ah, ..., The recording head 204 corresponds to track numbers 03h, 07h, 01h, ..., And the recording head 206 has track numbers 04h, 0.
Helical tracks of 8h, 02h, ... Correspond.

Here, of the four recording heads 200, 202, 204, 206 of the recording head unit 20, the recording head 202 has a failure such as head clog, and the recording head 2
When the 02 cannot write the audio / video data on the VTR tape 2, the audio / video data of the helical track scanned by the recording head 202 (track ID = 02h, 06
h, 0Ah ...) cannot be recorded. Here, as described above, the write address control circuit 142 and the shuffling ROM circuit 144 of the VCR device 1 perform the shuffling process on the compressed video data in a shuffling pattern such that adjacent macro blocks are gathered on the screen. Audio / video data (track ID
= 02h, 06h, 0Ah ...) is, for example, as shown in FIG.
This corresponds to the parts 02h, 06h, 0Ah ... On the screen shown in FIG. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 30 (B), the audio / video data corresponding to the areas 02h, 06h, and 0Ah on the screen are V when the recording head 202 has a failure.
It is never recorded on the TR tape 2. But next G
In OP, although the video data corresponding to the parts 04h and 08h on the screen cannot be recorded, the part 02 on the screen is not recorded.
The print data corresponding to h, 06h, and 0Ah is normally printed by the print head 206. As shown in FIG. 31,
As for the influence of the trouble of the recording head 202, regarding the audio / video data of the 626/50 configuration, since one GOP worth of video data is recorded on 12 helical tracks, as long as the recording head 202 has a trouble, it is displayed on the screen. Part 02
Video data corresponding to h, 06h, and 0Ah is not recorded on the VTR tape 2.

FIG. 32 is a diagram showing a method for interpolating missing video data. FIG. 30 (A) and FIG. 31 (A)
As shown in FIG. 6, even if audio / video data is not recorded on a specific helical track, for example, a shuffling pattern that causes the pixels of the video data after shuffling to be random is a shuffling ROM circuit 14
4 (FIG. 2), it is possible to interpolate the data of the pixel missing during the reproduction by using the data of the surrounding pixels, as shown in FIG. 32 (A).

However, as described above, the shuffling ROM circuit 144 in the first embodiment stores the shuffling pattern for shuffling so that the adjacent macroblocks gather, and the video data of a specific helical track is stored. If is not recorded, the video data corresponding to a large area on the screen is collectively lost during reproduction.
The video data thus missing cannot be interpolated using the data of surrounding pixels at the time of reproduction, as shown in FIG.

Moreover, the loss of the audio / video data shown in FIG. 31A continues between GOPs.
As shown in FIG. 2 (C), interpolation cannot be performed by a process (freeze process) of fitting the previous screen to the missing part as it is during reproduction.

Therefore, the SYNC / ID adding circuit 152
Performs the track exchange processing shown in FIGS. 33 and 34 to prevent the video data of the same portion on the screen from being continuously lost, and even when a head clog occurs in the recording head 202, the reproduction is performed. Freeze processing using video data reproduced at a time as close as possible (Fig. 32)
(C)) is possible.

33 and 34 show the SY signal shown in FIG.
While the track replacement processing is being performed by the NC / ID adding circuit 152, the recording head unit 20 shown in FIG.
Of the four recording heads 200, 202, 204, and 206, a failure occurs in the second recording head 202, which corresponds to a helical track of the VTR tape 2 that cannot be read and data that cannot be read. It is a figure which shows the part on a screen. Note that FIG. 33 shows the audio / video data of the 525/60 configuration, and FIG. 34 shows the audio / video data of the 625/50 configuration. In FIGS. 33 and 34, the comparison between the track and the part on the screen is as follows. The basic idea of the invention is simplified without modification.

As shown in FIGS. 33 (A) and 34 (B), the SYNC / ID adding circuit 152 alternately outputs audio / video data to be recorded on each helical track of the VTR tape 2 for each GOP. Replace with a truck. That is, the SYNC / ID adding circuit 152
Is a track number (Track No.) 01 of the VTR tape 2 in the case of a normal GOP (Normal GOP) in which the track swapping processing shown in FIGS. 33A and 34A is not performed.
h, 02h, 03h, 04h, 05h, 06h, 07
h, 08h, 09h, 0Ah (01h, 02h, 03
h, 04h, 05h, 06h, 07h, 08h, 09
h, 0Ah, 0Bh, 0Ch) (525/6 outside parenthesis)
In the case of the 0 configuration, in the case of the 625/50 configuration in the parentheses, the track IDs are 01h, 02h, 03h, respectively for the audio / video data to be recorded on the helical track of the following (in the explanation of the operation of the SYNC / ID addition circuit 152). 0
4h, 05h, 06h, 07h, 08h, 09h, 0A
h (01h, 02h, 03h, 04h, 05h, 06
h, 07h, 08h, 09h, 0Ah, 0Bh, 0C
They are output in the order of h) to the inner code encoder circuit 154.

On the other hand, the SYNC / ID adding circuit 152
In the case of the interchanged GOP (Alternated GOP) for performing the track interchange processing shown in FIGS. 33A and 34A, for example, the track number (Track No) of the VTR tape 2 is used.
01h, 02h, 03h, 04h, 05h, 06h, 0
7h, 08h, 09h, 0Ah (01h, 02h, 03
h, 04h, 05h, 06h, 07h, 08h, 09
h, 0Ah, 0Bh, 0Ch) for each audio / video data recorded on the helical track, for example, 02h,
01h, 04h, 03h, 06h, 05h, 08h, 0
7h, 0Ah, 09h (02h, 01h, 04h, 03
h, 06h, 05h, 08h, 07h, 0Ah, 09
The audio / video data of the track ID of (h, 0Ch, 0Bh) is output to the inner code encoder circuit 154 in this order. That is, due to the processing of the SYNC / ID adding circuit 152, the track ID and the track number of the audio / video data recorded on the VTR tape 2 do not match every 1 GOP (10 helical tracks (12 helical tracks)).

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 34, the recording head 202 has the track numbers 02h and 06 of the VTR tape 2.
Even if the data cannot be recorded on the helical track of h, 0Ah, the track ID is 02h, 06h, 0A.
The audio / video data of h is recorded on the helical tracks of the track numbers 01h, 05h, and 09h of the VTR tape 2 at intervals of 1 GOP, and as shown in FIG. 34 (B), during reproduction, the screen portions 01h, 05h, and 09h are recorded. And part 0
Images of 2h, 06h, and 0Ah are alternately reproduced every 1 GOP. Therefore, during playback, the screen parts 01h, 05
By alternately performing the freeze process (FIG. 32 (C)) on h, 09h and the parts 02h, 06h, 0Ah,
Images can be interpolated. Even in the case shown in FIG. 33, similarly, the unrecordable data changes for each GOP, so that the image can be interpolated by performing the freeze process.

Compared to the case where the track swapping process shown in FIGS. 30 and 31 is not performed, the track swapping process shown in FIGS. 33 and 34 is performed as compared with the case where an image of a specific portion of the screen cannot be recorded at all. When this is done, video data corresponding to all GOPs on the screen can be recorded on the VTR tape 2 at least every 1 GOP. Therefore, when track replacement processing is performed, the recording head 202
Even if an error occurs in the image, interpolation by freeze processing is possible, and the quality of the reproduced screen is improved as a whole.

The effect of improving the quality of the reproduction screen when a failure occurs due to the track replacement processing described above is the same when a failure occurs in any of the recording heads 200, 204 and 206 other than the recording head 202.

The inner code encoder circuit 154 uses the SYNC
A 12-bit internal code (FIG. 7) is generated from the audio / video data and system auxiliary data input from the ID adding circuit 152, and the generated internal code is added to the audio / video data as shown in FIG. And outputs to the recording head unit 20.

FIG. 35 shows the recording head unit 20 shown in FIG.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing video data recorded on a VTR tape 2 by the method. The recording head unit 20 includes an inner code encoder circuit 1
The audio / video data input from 54 is recorded on the VTR tape 2
Record on the helical track. E for video data stored in the memory circuit 18 by each component of the recording unit 10
V of macroblocks A, B, and C (FIG. 8) included in CC
The recording positions on the TR tape 2 are, for example, positions A, B and C in FIG.

On the screen shown in FIG. 5, macroblocks A and B are adjacent to each other, but macroblock C is located at a position away from macroblocks A and B. Therefore, as shown in FIG.
B is recorded at a position adjacent to the VTR tape 2, and the macroblock C is recorded at a position apart from the macroblocks A and B on the VTR tape 2. However, the macro blocks A and B are distributed to different ECC blocks, and the reliability with respect to data errors that occur in bursts is improved.

The respective components relating to the operation when the VCR device 1 reproduces the audio / video data from the VTR tape 2 will be described below. Playback heads 400, 4 of the playback head unit 40
02, 404, and 406 (FIG. 4B) are respectively VT
Scan the helical track of R-tape 2 (Fig. 35) to record audio / video data and system auxiliary data ((PB DATA)
FIG. 3; hereinafter also simply referred to as audio / video data) is reproduced and output to the inner code decoder circuit 500.

In the reproducing system 50 (FIGS. 1 and 3) of the reproducing section 48, the inner code decoder circuit 500 is connected to the reproducing head 40.
A data error is detected by using the inner code included in each ECC block (FIG. 7) of the audio / video data input from each of 0, 402, 404, and 406, and the data error is corrected. Reproducing heads 400, 402, 404, 40
6 When an uncorrectable data error occurs in the audio / video data from each of them, an error flag is activated for each audio / video data in which the data error has occurred and output to the non-tracking control circuit 512. To do.

The ID detection circuit 510 separates the identification data ID (FIGS. 9 and 10) from the ECC block of the audio / video data input from the inner code decoder circuit 500 and outputs it to the write address control circuit 514. ,voice·
The video data is output to the non-tracking control circuit 512. The non-tracking control circuit 512 performs non-tracking control processing using the system auxiliary data. That is, the non-tracking control circuit 512 selects the audio / video data having the lowest data error rate detected by the inner code decoder circuit 500 and selects the memory circuit 56.
Output for 0.

Now, the non-tracking control will be described. Audio / video data is recorded on the VTR tape 2 by alternately inverting the azimuth angles of adjacent helical tracks. If the azimuth angle is alternately inverted for each helical track in this way, even if the helical tracks with different azimuth angles among the reproducing heads 400, 402, 404, 406 of the reproducing head unit 40 are traced, the recorded voice is recorded. -Video data cannot be played. Even if any one or more of the reproducing heads 400, 402, 404, and 406 traces a helical track having the same azimuth angle, if the helical track is not accurately traced, reproduction is performed. Many errors occur in the recorded audio / video data.

The non-tracking control positively utilizes such a property relating to the azimuth angle of the reproducing head and the helical track when reproducing the audio / video data.
That is, as shown in FIG. 4B, the reproducing head 40
Reference numerals 0, 402, 404, and 406 have two positive azimuth heads and two negative azimuth heads) spaced apart by one helical track.
Of the four playback heads for each of 2,404,406,
The audio / video data read by the reproducing head, which has the same azimuth angle as the helical track and accurately traces the helical track, that is, the audio / video data with the lowest error rate, is selected and output. By adopting the non-tracking method, the conditions for tracking control of the reproducing head with respect to the helical track of the VCR device 1 are greatly relaxed.

The deinterleaved ROM circuit 516 corresponds to the interleaved ROM circuit 148 of the recording section 10,
A deinterleave pattern for returning the audio / video data interleaved by the SYNC / ID adding circuit 152 (FIG. 2) to the array before interleaving is stored, and according to the control of the write address control circuit 514,
The stored interleaved data is output to the write address control circuit 514.

The write address control circuit 514 uses the ID
The deinterleave ROM circuit 516 is controlled according to the identification data ID separated by the detection circuit 510 to read the deinterleave pattern, and the write address of the audio / video data output by the non-tracking control circuit 512 is generated based on the read deinterleave pattern. Then, the audio / video data output from the non-tracking control circuit 512 is recorded in the memory circuit 560. By such a method, the write address control circuit 514
Deinterleaves the audio / video data output by the SYNC / ID adding circuit 152, and restores the array before interleaving.

The audio / video data output from the non-tracking control circuit 512 is the inner code encoder circuit 15
4 is stored in the address of the memory circuit 560 where
It is returned to the same array as the ECC block (FIG. 7) of the original audio / video data. In this way, the audio / video data subjected to the track exchange processing is rearranged based on the identification data ID inserted at the time of recording, so that the same processing as the audio / video data not subjected to the track exchange processing is performed. Can be put back in an array.

Further, the non-tracking control circuit 512
Re-arranges the ECC block returned to the original array into an array suitable for error correction using the outer code in the outer code decoder circuit 518, and outputs it to the outer code decoder circuit 518. The outer code decoder circuit 518 corrects the error of the audio / video data using the external code included in the ECC block of the audio / video data input from the non-tracking control circuit 512, and outputs it to the jog memory circuit 562. .

The deshuffling ROM circuit 520 corresponds to the shuffling ROM circuit 144 of the recording section 10, and shuffles the write address control circuit 142 in the recording section 10 to change the arrangement of the audio / video data to the original arrangement. The deshuffling data for returning to the read address control circuit 522 is stored, and the deshuffling data is output to the read address control circuit 522 under the control of the read address control circuit 522.

The read address control circuit 522 controls the deshuffling ROM circuit 520 to generate deshuffling data based on the identification data ID of the audio / video data requested to be read by the depacking circuit 524.
Based on the deshuffling data generated by the deshuffling ROM circuit 520, a read address for returning the audio / video data stored in the jog memory circuit 562 to the array at the time of recording is generated and output to the jog memory circuit 562. . The read address control circuit 522
For example, when performing special reproduction such as jog shuttle reproduction, a read address for realizing special reproduction is generated and output to the jog memory circuit 562.

The jog memory circuit 562 stores the audio / video data recorded at the input read address,
The array at the time of recording is output to the depacking circuit 524.
The depacking circuit 524 is the packing circuit 140 of the recording unit 10.
In correspondence with the above, audio data (OUTPU) is output from the recording block unit of audio / video data input from the jog memory circuit 562.
T AUDIO) is separated and output to an external video processing device, video data is separated and output to the decompression decoding system 58, and system auxiliary data is separated to control unit 60.
Output to

The decompression decoding system 58 compresses the video data input from the depacking circuit 524 into the compression coding system 12.
Original video data (INPUT VIDEO; FIG. 2) is obtained by performing decompression decoding processing corresponding to the compression encoding processing method in (FIG. 2).
The video data (OUTPUT VIDEO) corresponding to is output to an external video processing device. When an uncorrectable error occurs in the input video data, the decompression decoding system 58 interpolates using surrounding pixels shown in FIG. 32A according to the range in which the error occurs. Alternatively, interpolation by the freeze processing shown in FIG. 32C is performed to correct the loss of the image due to head clogs or the like.

The operation of the VCR device 1 during recording will be described below. The compression coding system 12 (FIG. 2) divides the non-compressed video data input from the outside into 16 pixels × 16 lines of macroblocks (FIG. 5) and compression-codes them, and 1 GOP is 2
Compressed video data (FIG. 6) composed of frames (I frame, B frame) is generated.

In the recording system 14 (FIG. 1), the pack circuit 140 (FIG. 2) records compressed video data input from the compression encoding system 12 and non-compressed audio data input from the outside in recording block units ( 6 (C)), ECC
It is stored in the memory circuit 18 in the form of blocks (FIG. 7).
At this time, the audio / video data is stored in the write address of the memory circuit 18 generated by the write address control circuit 142, so that the audio / video data is shuffled.

The outer code encoder 146 is the memory circuit 1
The audio / video data included in the ECC block (FIG. 7) is read from 8 to generate an outer code, and the generated outer code is added to the audio / video data and stored in the memory circuit 18.
The SYNC / ID adding circuit 152 divides the audio / video data to which the outer code is added to correspond to the helical track of the VTR tape 2, and synchronizes the sync data SYNC and the track ID.
(FIGS. 9 and 10) are added, and interleave processing and track replacement processing are performed (FIGS. 33 and 3).
4).

The inner code encoder circuit 154 generates an inner code (FIG. 7) for the audio / video data that has been subjected to the interleave processing and the track replacement processing, adds the generated internal code to the audio / video data, and adds it to the recording head unit. Two
Output for 0. The recording head unit 20 records the audio / video data with the inner code on the helical track (FIG. 35) of the VTR tape 2.

The operation of the VCR device 1 during reproduction will be described below. The reproducing heads 400, 402 of the reproducing head unit 40,
Each of 404 and 406 (FIG. 4B) reproduces audio / video data from the VTR tape 2. The inner code decoder circuit 500 includes reproducing heads 400, 402, 404, 4
The data error is detected by using the inner code included in the audio / video data reproduced by each of the 06, and the data error is corrected. Further, the inner code decoder circuit 500 activates the error flag when an uncorrectable data error occurs in the audio / video data.

The ID detection circuit 510 identifies the identification data ID from the ECC block of the audio / video data (FIGS. 9 and 10).
Are separated and output to the write address control circuit 514 to output audio / video data to the non-tracking control circuit 5
12 is output. Non-tracking control circuit 51
2 is a non-tracking control process using system auxiliary data, that is, the non-tracking control circuit 512 is
The audio / video data having the lowest data error rate detected by the inner code decoder circuit 500 is selected and output.

The deinterleave ROM circuit 516 and the write address control circuit 514 are provided in the ID detection circuit 51.
Based on the identification data ID detected by 0, a process corresponding to the interleave process, that is, a process of returning the audio / video data to the original array (deinterleave) is performed.

The outer code decoder circuit 518 performs error correction on the audio / video data whose order has been returned to the original by using the outer code, and the jog memory circuit 56.
Store it in 2. The deshuffling ROM circuit 520 and the read address control circuit 522 are provided in the depacking circuit 5
24 generates a read address for returning the audio / video data stored in the jog memory circuit 562 to the array at the time of recording, based on the identification data ID of the audio / video data requested to be read out, and sends the read address to the jog memory circuit 562. Output. Further, the read address control circuit 522 is
In response to a request from the control unit 60, a read address for special reproduction such as jog shuttle reproduction is generated.

The depacking circuit 524 converts the audio / video data output from the jog memory circuit 562 into audio data (OUT
PUT AUDIO) is separated and output to an external video processing device, and video data is separated and output to the decompression decoding system 58. Further, the depacking circuit 524 separates the system auxiliary data and outputs it to the control unit 60. The decompression decoding system 58 compresses the compressed video data into the compression coding system 12 (FIG. 2).
Decompression decoding processing is performed by the compression coding processing method corresponding to, and video data (OUTPUT VIDEO) is output to an external video processing device. Further, the decompression decoding system 58 performs interpolation processing of the video data (FIGS. 32A and 32C) as necessary to correct the loss of the image.

As described above, the VCR according to the present invention
According to the device 1, even if the video data recorded on the VTR tape 2 is compressed and encoded using a relatively large macroblock, the reproduced image does not become unnatural and the contents can be easily confirmed. , The ability of error correction processing for audio / video data does not deteriorate.

Further, even if a head clog occurs in the recording head or the reproducing head, the quality of the reproduced image is not significantly deteriorated, and such an effect can be obtained. There is almost no additional hardware to add compared to the VCR device. Also,
In the first embodiment, the case where the recording head unit 20 has a failure has been described. However, even when the reproducing head unit 40 has a failure, the same effect can be obtained by the VCR device 1 according to the present invention. Can be obtained.

The number of heads of the recording head unit 20 and the reproducing head unit 40 is an example, and it is sufficient that the recording head unit 20 and the reproducing head unit 40 each have two or more heads. Further, the track swapping process shown in FIGS. 33 and 34 is an example, and the track swapping process may be performed with another pattern. In addition, the shuffling ROM circuit 144 and the interleave ROM circuit 14
The shuffling pattern and the interleave pattern recorded in 8 are examples, and can be changed to other patterns having the same effect. Further, the configuration of the VCR device 1 is merely an example, and each component may be configured as hardware or software as long as necessary functions and performances can be secured.

Second Embodiment Hereinafter, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the second embodiment, a track replacement process when the recording head unit 20 and the reproducing head unit 40 of the VCR device 1 each have two heads will be described. In the second embodiment, the recording head unit 20 has only two recording heads 200 and 204 (FIG. 4A), and the reproducing head unit 40 has two reproducing heads 400 and 404.

36 and 37 show the SY signal shown in FIG.
The recording head unit 2 shown in FIG. 4A is used when the track replacement processing by the NC / ID adding circuit 152 is not performed.
On the screen corresponding to the helical track of the VTR tape 2 which becomes unreadable and the data which cannot be read, as an example, when the failure occurs in the second recording head 204 of the two recording heads 200 and 204 of 0. It is a figure which shows a part. Note that FIG. 36 shows the audio / video data of the 525/60 structure, and FIG. 37 shows the audio / video data of the 525/60 structure, and the comparison between the track and the portion on the screen is simplified for convenience of illustration. .

As shown in FIG. 36A, the recording head 2
In 00, the track numbers (Track No.) 01h, 03h, 0
5h, ... Helical tracks correspond to the recording head 20
4 corresponds to the helical tracks with track numbers 02h, 04h, 06h, .... Here, of the two recording heads 200 and 204 of the recording head unit 20, the recording head 20
4 has a trouble such as a head clog, and the recording head 204
When it becomes impossible to write audio / video data on the VTR tape 2, the audio / video data of the helical track scanned by the recording head 204 (track ID = 02h, 04h, 0
6h ...) cannot be recorded. Here, the first
As described in the above embodiment, the write address control circuit 142 and the shuffling ROM circuit 144 of the VCR device 1 perform the shuffling process on the compressed video data with a shuffling pattern such that adjacent macro blocks are gathered on the screen. Audio / video data (track ID = 02h, 04h, 06h ...) is displayed on the screen 02h, 06h, shown in FIG. 36 (B), for example.
Corresponds to 0 Ah. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 36 (B), the parts 02h, 04h, 06h, 08h, 0 on the screen are displayed.
The audio / video data corresponding to Ah is recorded by the recording head 204.
As long as there is a failure in the VTR tape 2, it will not be recorded on the VTR tape 2. As shown in FIG. 37, the influence of the failure of the recording head 204 has the same influence on the audio / video data of the 626/50 configuration.

38 and 39 show the SY signal shown in FIG.
While the track replacement processing is being performed by the NC / ID adding circuit 152, the recording head unit 20 shown in FIG.
Of the two recording heads 200 and 204, the second recording head 204 has a failure, for example, the helical track of the VTR tape 2 that cannot be read and the portion on the screen corresponding to the unreadable data. It is a figure which shows and.
Note that FIG. 38 shows the audio / video data of the 525/60 configuration, and FIG. 39 shows the audio / video data of the 625/50 configuration. In FIGS. 38 and 39, the comparison between the track and the part on the screen is as follows. The basic idea of the invention is simplified without modification.

As shown in FIG. 38 (A) and FIG. 39 (B), the SYNC / ID adding circuit 152 alternately outputs audio / video data to be recorded on each helical track of the VTR tape 2 for each GOP. Replace with a truck. That is, the SYNC / ID adding circuit 152
38A and 39A, in the case of a normal GOP (Normal GOP) in which the track replacement processing is not performed, the track number (Track No) 01 of the VTR tape 2 is displayed.
h, 02h, 03h, 04h, 05h, 06h, 07
h, 08h, 09h, 0Ah (01h, 02h, 03
h, 04h, 05h, 06h, 07h, 08h, 09
h, 0Ah, 0Bh, 0Ch) (525/6 outside parenthesis)
In the case of the 0 configuration, in the case of the 625/50 configuration in the parentheses, the track IDs are 01h, 02h, 03h, respectively for the audio / video data to be recorded on the helical track of the following (in the explanation of the operation of the SYNC / ID addition circuit 152). 0
4h, 05h, 06h, 07h, 08h, 09h, 0A
h (01h, 02h, 03h, 04h, 05h, 06
h, 07h, 08h, 09h, 0Ah, 0Bh, 0C
They are output in the order of h) to the inner code encoder circuit 154.

On the other hand, the SYNC / ID adding circuit 152
In the case of an interchanged GOP (Alternated GOP) for performing the track interchange processing shown in FIGS. 38A and 39A, for example, the track number (Track No) of the VTR tape 2 is used.
01h, 02h, 03h, 04h, 05h, 06h, 0
7h, 08h, 09h, 0Ah (01h, 02h, 03
h, 04h, 05h, 06h, 07h, 08h, 09
h, 0Ah, 0Bh, 0Ch) for each audio / video data recorded on the helical track, for example, 02h,
01h, 04h, 03h, 06h, 05h, 08h, 0
7h, 0Ah, 09h (02h, 01h, 04h, 03
h, 06h, 05h, 08h, 07h, 0Ah, 09
The audio / video data of the track ID of (h, 0Ch, 0Bh) is output to the inner code encoder circuit 154 in this order. That is, due to the processing of the SYNC / ID adding circuit 152, the track ID and the track number of the audio / video data recorded on the VTR tape 2 do not match every 1 GOP (10 helical tracks (12 helical tracks)).

Therefore, even if the recording head 204 cannot record data on the helical tracks of the track numbers 02h, 04h, 06h, ... Of the VTR tape 2, all the audio / video data is recorded on the VTR tape 2 every 1 GOP. Are recorded on the helical tracks of track numbers 01h, 05h, and 09h, and as shown in FIGS. 38B and 39B, the screen portions 01h, 03h, and
05h, ..., 0Bh and parts 02h, 04h, 06
Images of h, ..., 0Ch are alternately reproduced every 1 GOP. Therefore, the screen portions 01h, 03h, 05 are displayed during playback.
h, ..., 0B and parts 02h, 04h, 06h, ..., 0C
An image can be interpolated by alternately performing freeze processing (FIG. 32C) on h and h.

Compared to the case where the track swapping process shown in FIGS. 36 and 37 is not performed and an image of a specific portion of the screen cannot be recorded at all, the track swapping process shown in FIGS. 38 and 39 is performed. , At least 1 GO
Video data corresponding to all GOPs on the screen can be recorded on the VTR tape 2 every P. Therefore, if the track exchange process is performed, even if the recording head 204 has a failure, interpolation by the freeze process is possible, and the quality of the reproduced screen is improved as a whole.

Even when a failure occurs in the recording head 200, the same effect can be obtained by the track exchange processing shown in the second embodiment. Further, the VCR to which the track exchange processing shown in the second embodiment is applied
The device 1 can also be modified as shown in the first embodiment.

[0121]

As described above, according to the video data processing method, the video data processing device, and the video data recording / reproducing device of the present invention, the video data is compressed using a macro block having a size of 16 × 16 pixels. Even when encoded, recorded on a video tape, and reproduced at high speed for display, a reproduced image that is natural and easy to see can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a video cassette recorder device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of a recording unit shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration of a reproducing unit shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the recording head unit and the reproducing head unit illustrated in FIG. 1 in the case of four heads.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a method of dividing video data when the compression encoding system shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 compresses and encodes uncompressed video data.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing compressed video data output from the compression encoding system shown in FIG. 1 to a recording system.

7 is a diagram showing a configuration of the recording block unit shown in FIG. 6 in which the pack circuit shown in FIG. 2 multiplexes compressed video data and uncompressed audio data.

8 is a diagram showing an ECC block stored in the memory circuit shown in FIG. 1. FIG.

9 is a diagram showing a recording area of the memory circuit shown in FIG. 1. FIG.

10 is video data on the VTR tape shown in FIG.
It is a figure which shows the recording format of audio | voice data and system assistance data.

11 is a diagram showing recording positions on the VTR tape of the video data, audio data, and system auxiliary data shown in FIG.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a method of dividing a macroblock.

FIG. 13: When the reproducing unit shown in FIG. 3 performs 2 × speed reproduction, 4 × speed reproduction, 7 × speed reproduction, 19 × speed reproduction and 37 × speed reproduction, the reproducing head unit 40 can reproduce 50% or more of data. It is a figure which shows the locus | trajectory of the part of a helical track.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an area of an image that is updated each time the reproducing head unit scans the VTR tape once when the reproducing unit shown in FIG. 1 performs double speed reproduction.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an area of an image that is updated each time the reproducing head unit scans the VTR tape once when the reproducing unit shown in FIG. 1 performs 4 × speed reproduction.

16 is a diagram showing an area of an image that is updated each time the reproducing head unit scans the VTR tape once when the reproducing unit shown in FIG. 1 performs 7 × speed reproduction.

FIG. 17 is a diagram showing an area of an image which is updated each time the reproducing head unit scans the VTR tape once when the reproducing unit shown in FIG. 1 performs 19 × speed reproduction.

FIG. 18 is a diagram showing an area of an image which is updated each time the reproducing head unit scans the VTR tape once when the reproducing unit shown in FIG. 1 performs the 37 × speed reproduction.

19 is a diagram showing the contents of the synchronization data ID shown in FIG.

FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating a part of an interleave pattern of video data for video data having a 525/60 structure.

FIG. 21 is a diagram illustrating a part of an interleave pattern of video data for video data having a 525/60 structure.

FIG. 22 is a diagram illustrating a part of an interleave pattern of video data for video data having a 525/60 structure.

FIG. 23 is a diagram illustrating a part of an interleave pattern of video data for video data having a 525/60 structure.

FIG. 24 is a diagram exemplifying a part of an interleave pattern of video data for video data having a 625/50 configuration.

FIG. 25 is a diagram exemplifying a part of an interleave pattern of video data for video data having a 625/50 configuration.

FIG. 26 is a diagram illustrating a part of an interleave pattern of video data for video data having a 625/50 configuration.

[Fig. 27] Fig. 27 is a diagram illustrating a part of an interleave pattern of video data for video data having a 625/50 configuration.

FIG. 28 is a diagram showing an interleave pattern of audio data included in video data having a 525/60 structure.

[Fig. 29] Fig. 29 is a diagram illustrating an interleave pattern of audio data included in video data having a 625/50 configuration.

30 is a diagram showing a failure in the second recording head of the four recording heads of the recording head section shown in FIG. 4, when the track replacement processing by the SYNC / ID adding circuit shown in FIG. 2 is not performed. As an example, the case where V cannot be read
It is a figure which shows the helical track of TR tape, and the part on the screen corresponding to the data which cannot be read about the case of the video data of 525/60 structure.

31 is a diagram showing a failure in the second recording head of the four recording heads of the recording head unit shown in FIG. 4, when the track replacement processing by the SYNC / ID adding circuit shown in FIG. 2 is not performed. As an example, the case where V cannot be read
It is a figure which shows the helical track of TR tape and the part on the screen corresponding to the data which cannot be read about the case of the video data of 625/50 structure.

FIG. 32 is a diagram showing a method of interpolating missing video data.

33 is a diagram illustrating a case where the second recording head out of the four recording heads in the recording head unit illustrated in FIG. 4 is damaged during track replacement processing by the SYNC / ID adding circuit illustrated in FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a 525 / 60-structured video data showing a helical track of a VTR tape which cannot be read and a portion on the screen corresponding to the data which cannot be read, as an example of a case where it occurs.

34 is a diagram illustrating a case where a second recording head out of the four recording heads in the recording head unit illustrated in FIG. 4 is damaged during track replacement processing by the SYNC / ID adding circuit illustrated in FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a 625 / 50-structured video data of a helical track of a VTR tape that cannot be read and a portion on the screen corresponding to the unreadable data, in the case where it occurs.

35 is a diagram showing video data recorded on a VTR tape by the recording head unit shown in FIG. 2.

36 is an example of a case where a failure occurs in the second recording head of the two recording heads of the recording head unit 20 when the track interchange processing by the SYNC / ID adding circuit shown in FIG. 2 is not performed. 9 is a diagram showing a helical track of a VTR tape that cannot be read and a portion on the screen corresponding to the unreadable data, for video data having a 525/60 configuration. FIG.

37 is an example of a case where a failure occurs in the second recording head of the two recording heads of the recording head unit 20 when the track replacement processing by the SYNC / ID adding circuit shown in FIG. 2 is not performed. 8 is a diagram showing a helical track of a VTR tape which cannot be read and a portion on the screen corresponding to the data which cannot be read, for video data having a 625/50 configuration. FIG.

38 is an example of a case where a failure occurs in the second recording head of the two recording heads of the recording head unit during track replacement processing by the SYNC / ID adding circuit shown in FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a helical track of a VTR tape that cannot be read and a portion on the screen corresponding to the unreadable data, for video data having a 525/60 configuration. FIG.

39 is an example of a case where a failure occurs in the second recording head of the two recording heads in the recording head unit during the track replacement processing by the SYNC / ID adding circuit shown in FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a helical track of a VTR tape which cannot be read and a portion on the screen corresponding to the data which cannot be read, for video data having a 625/50 configuration. FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... VCR device, 2 ... VTR tape, 10 ... recording unit, 1
2 ... compression encoding system, 14 ... recording system, 140 ... pack circuit, 142 ... write address control circuit, 144 ... shuffling ROM circuit, 146 ... outer code encoder, 14
8 ... Interleaved ROM circuit, 150 ... Read address control circuit, 152 ... SYNC / ID addition circuit, 15
4 ... Inner code encoder circuit, 18 ... Memory circuit, 20 ...
Recording head unit, 200, 202, 204, 206 ... Recording head, 30 ... Rotating drum, 40 ... Reproducing head unit, 40
0, 402, 404, 406 ... Playback head, 48 ... Playback section, 50 ... Playback system, 500 ... Inner code decoder circuit, 51
0 ... ID detection circuit, 512 ... Non-tracking control circuit, 514 ... Write address control circuit, 516 ... Deinterleave ROM circuit, 518 ... Outer code decoder circuit, 520 ... Deshuffling ROM circuit, 522 ... Read address control circuit, 524 ... Depack Circuit, 56 ...
Memory unit, 560 ... Memory circuit, 562 ... Jog memory circuit, 58 ... Decompression decoding system, 60 ... Control unit, 62 ... Tape running system, 64 ... Drum rotation system

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification number Internal reference number FI Technical display location G11B 20/18 572 9558-5D G11B 20/18 572B 9558-5D 572G 574 9558-5D 574B H04N 5 / 765 H04N 5/781 510L 5/781 5/782 D 5/7826 5/92 H 5/92 7/133 A 7/30 Z

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A video data processing method for changing the arrangement of the macroblocks of video data compressed on a macroblock basis and recorded on a magnetic tape recording medium, wherein the macroblocks adjacent to each other on an image are processed. An image shuffling the macroblocks so that the adjacent macroblocks are reproduced on the image every time the magnetic tape recording medium is scanned with the video data at double speed. Data processing method. 2. A video data processing device for changing the arrangement of the macro blocks of video data compressed in macro block units and recorded on a magnetic tape recording medium, wherein the macro blocks of the macro blocks adjacent to each other on an image are processed. A video data arrangement change processing unit that changes the arrangement of the macro blocks so that the recording positions on the magnetic tape recording medium are adjacent to each other, and the macro blocks that are adjacent to each other on the image are not included in the same data block. A video data processing device comprising: interleaving processing means for interleaving processing; and error correction code addition processing means for adding an error correction code to the interleaved data block. 3. A video data recording / reproducing apparatus for recording / reproducing video data compressed in units of macroblocks on a magnetic tape recording medium, the video data being processed to change the arrangement of the macroblocks of the video data. Data processing means and recording means for recording the video data whose arrangement has been changed on the magnetic tape recording medium, wherein the video data processing means is provided on the magnetic tape recording medium of the macroblocks adjacent to each other on an image. Video data array changing processing means for changing the arrangement of the macroblocks so that recording positions are adjacent to each other, and interleaving processing for interleaving so that the adjacent macroblocks on the image are not included in the same data block. Means for adding an error correction code to the interleaved data block A video data recording / reproducing apparatus having error correction code addition processing means. 4. A video data reproducing means for reproducing the video data recorded on the magnetic tape recording medium, an array restoring means for restoring an array of the macroblocks of the reproduced video data, and An error correction processing unit that performs an error correction process using the error correction code added to the video data whose arrangement has been restored, and a video data expansion unit that expands the error-corrected video data. The video data recording / reproducing apparatus according to claim 3.