JPH09139223A - Lamination compressing device for flat solid electrolytic fuel cell - Google Patents
Lamination compressing device for flat solid electrolytic fuel cellInfo
- Publication number
- JPH09139223A JPH09139223A JP7295553A JP29555395A JPH09139223A JP H09139223 A JPH09139223 A JP H09139223A JP 7295553 A JP7295553 A JP 7295553A JP 29555395 A JP29555395 A JP 29555395A JP H09139223 A JPH09139223 A JP H09139223A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- flat plate
- solid electrolyte
- plate type
- type solid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
- H01M8/247—Arrangements for tightening a stack, for accommodation of a stack in a tank or for assembling different tanks
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は平板型固体電解質燃
料電池の積層圧縮装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a laminated compression device for a flat plate solid oxide fuel cell.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】最近、例えば空気と水素をそれぞれ、酸
化剤ガスおよび燃料ガスとして、燃料が本来持っている
化学エネルギーを直接電気エネルギーに変換する燃料電
池が、省資源、環境保護の観点から注目されており、特
に固体電解質燃料電池は発電効率が高く、廃熱を有効に
利用できるなど多くの利点を有するため研究、開発が進
んでいる。2. Description of the Related Art Recently, fuel cells which directly convert chemical energy inherent in fuel into electric energy by using, for example, air and hydrogen as oxidizing gas and fuel gas, respectively, have attracted attention from the viewpoint of resource saving and environmental protection. Research and development are progressing because solid electrolyte fuel cells have many advantages such as high power generation efficiency and effective use of waste heat.
【０００３】図３は従来の内部マニホールド方式の平板
型固体電解質燃料電池の概略構成を示す図である。FIG. 3 is a view showing a schematic structure of a conventional internal manifold type flat plate type solid electrolyte fuel cell.
【０００４】固体電解質燃料電池に燃料ガスと酸化剤ガ
スとを供給するため、固体電解質燃料電池の矩形状セパ
レータ２および単電池１の矩形状固体電解質層の対角線
方向の隅部にそれぞれのガスの給排気孔を設け、これら
の孔から各単電池１の各電極面に各ガスを給排気するよ
うにしたものを内部マニホールド形式と称している。In order to supply the fuel gas and the oxidant gas to the solid electrolyte fuel cell, the rectangular separator 2 of the solid electrolyte fuel cell and the rectangular solid electrolyte layer of the unit cell 1 are provided with the respective gas at the diagonal corners. A supply / exhaust hole is provided so that each gas is supplied / exhausted to / from each electrode surface of each unit cell 1 from these holes is called an internal manifold type.
【０００５】内部マニホールド方式の平板型固体電解質
燃料電池は、イットリアなどをドープしたジルコニア焼
結体（ＹＳＺ）からなる平板型固体電解質層の両面に、
それぞれ（Ｌａ、Ｓｒ）ＭｎＯ3 の空気極と、Ｎｉ／Ｙ
ＳＺサーメットの燃料極とを配置してなる平板状単電池
１と、隣接する単電池同士を電気的に直列に接続し、か
つ各単電池に燃料ガスと酸化剤ガスとを分配するセパレ
ータ２とを交互に積層し、燃料極とセパレータの燃料ガ
ス流通路側との間に金属メッシュ（図示せず）を介在
し、単電池１の固体電解質層とセパレータ２の間にそれ
ぞれスペーサ３を介在してスタックに積層したものであ
り、各単電池の各電極面にそれぞれ燃料ガスと酸化剤ガ
スとを接触させることにより起電力を発生する。The flat plate type solid electrolyte fuel cell of the internal manifold type has a flat plate type solid electrolyte layer made of zirconia sintered body (YSZ) doped with yttria or the like, on both sides.
Air electrode of (La, Sr) MnO 3 and Ni / Y
A flat plate-shaped unit cell 1 in which a fuel electrode of an SZ cermet is arranged, and a separator 2 for electrically connecting adjacent unit cells to each other in series and distributing a fuel gas and an oxidant gas to each unit cell. Are alternately laminated, a metal mesh (not shown) is interposed between the fuel electrode and the fuel gas flow passage side of the separator, and a spacer 3 is interposed between the solid electrolyte layer of the unit cell 1 and the separator 2. They are stacked in a stack, and an electromotive force is generated by bringing a fuel gas and an oxidant gas into contact with each electrode surface of each unit cell.
【０００６】セパレータ２は燃料極と空気極とにそれぞ
れ供給される燃料ガスと酸化剤ガスとを分離してそれら
のクロスリークを防止する作用と、単電池同士を電気的
に直列に接続する作用とを有するものである。スタック
の内部で燃料ガスと酸化剤ガスがリークして混合する
と、燃料利用率が低下して燃料電池の効率が低下するの
は勿論、両ガスの混合により燃焼して局部的な温度上昇
を生じ、熱応力分布が不均一となり、クラックや歪みを
生じ、スタックの寿命を短縮させる。セパレータ２は燃
料電池の運転温度である約１０００℃という高温におい
て、化学的に安定で、緻密でガスを透過せず、電気抵抗
が少なく、電子伝導性が高く、イオン伝導性が無視でき
るほど小さく、他の電池材料と化学的に反応しにくく、
膨張率が他の電池材料、特に固体電解質層として用いら
れるＹＳＺと同一で、機械的強度が大きいなどの特性を
具備しなければならない。特に、（１）、酸化性雰囲気
でも還元性雰囲気でも安定であって、（２）、導電性が
よいこと、換言すれば電気抵抗が小さいことの２条件を
満足することが必要である。The separator 2 functions to separate the fuel gas and the oxidant gas supplied to the fuel electrode and the air electrode, respectively, to prevent cross leak between them, and to electrically connect the unit cells to each other in series. And have. When the fuel gas and the oxidant gas leak and mix inside the stack, the fuel utilization rate decreases and the efficiency of the fuel cell decreases, as well as the combustion of both gases causes a local temperature rise. , The thermal stress distribution becomes non-uniform, cracks and strains occur, and the stack life is shortened. The separator 2 is chemically stable at a high temperature of about 1000 ° C., which is the operating temperature of the fuel cell, is dense, does not permeate gas, has low electric resistance, high electronic conductivity, and has negligible ionic conductivity. , Difficult to chemically react with other battery materials,
It should have the same expansion coefficient as other battery materials, especially YSZ used as a solid electrolyte layer, and high mechanical strength. In particular, it is necessary to satisfy the two conditions of (1) being stable in an oxidizing atmosphere and a reducing atmosphere, and (2) having good conductivity, in other words, having low electric resistance.
【０００７】セパレータ２の材料としてストロンチウム
をドープしたランタンクロマイト酸化物（Ｌａ、Ｓｒ）
ＣｒＯ3 が広く使用されているが、これは上記２条件を
最も満足する材料であるためである。また、現在使用さ
れている代表的なセパレータ２は前述の（Ｌａ、Ｓｒ）
ＣｒＯ3 のような導電性酸化物板を単独に使用したもの
か、または、この導電性酸化物板と、ＮｉやＮｉ基合金
等で造った耐熱性金属板とを重ね合わせた複合セパレー
タである。複合セパレータの場合、その耐熱性金属板を
還元雰囲気下の燃料極側に使用し、導電性酸化物板を酸
化雰囲気下の空気極側に使用している。Lanthanum chromite oxide (La, Sr) doped with strontium as a material for the separator 2
CrO 3 is widely used because it is the material that most satisfies the above two conditions. Moreover, the typical separator 2 currently used is the above-mentioned (La, Sr).
It is a single separator made of a conductive oxide plate such as CrO 3 , or a composite separator in which this conductive oxide plate and a heat resistant metal plate made of Ni, Ni-based alloy or the like are superposed. . In the case of the composite separator, the heat-resistant metal plate is used on the fuel electrode side under the reducing atmosphere, and the conductive oxide plate is used on the air electrode side under the oxidizing atmosphere.
【０００８】スペーサ３はジルコニアで造られ、厚みが
数百ミクロンの矩形板である。中央部にほぼ四角形の孔
が開けられ、対角線上の四隅にガスの給排気孔が、単電
池１の固体電解質層およびセパレータ２の給排気孔の大
きさおよび配置と同一に開けられている。スペーサ３の
表面と裏面の周縁部はセパレータ２または単電池１の固
体電解質層と面接触して両ガスのシール作用をする。The spacer 3 is a rectangular plate made of zirconia and having a thickness of several hundreds of microns. A substantially square hole is formed in the central portion, and gas supply / exhaust holes are formed at the four corners on the diagonal line in the same size and arrangement as the solid electrolyte layer of the unit cell 1 and the supply / exhaust holes of the separator 2. The peripheral portions of the front surface and the back surface of the spacer 3 are in surface contact with the separator 2 or the solid electrolyte layer of the unit cell 1 to seal both gases.
【０００９】内部マニホールド方式の平板型固体電解質
燃料電池の作動時において、（１）電極とセパレータの
間の接触抵抗を低減するため、（２）上述したように燃
料ガスおよび酸化剤ガスの漏洩防止のために、スタック
に垂直方向すなわちスタック積層方向に荷重をかけ、燃
料電池の各構成部材間を密着させるようにしている。こ
のため、図３に示すように、スタックを下部架台５に載
せ、スタックの最上面に上部架台６を載せ、下部架台５
と上部架台６とにより構成した挟圧装置８（例えば、重
錘式、ねじ式、水圧式、油圧式、てこ式などの装置）に
より、両架台５、６間のスタックに垂直方向の圧縮荷重
を加えている。図３では挟圧装置８としてねじ式装置が
使用されている。During operation of the flat plate type solid oxide fuel cell of the internal manifold type, (1) in order to reduce the contact resistance between the electrode and the separator, (2) as described above, the leakage of the fuel gas and the oxidant gas is prevented. Therefore, a load is applied to the stack in the vertical direction, that is, the stack stacking direction, so that the constituent members of the fuel cell are brought into close contact with each other. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, the stack is placed on the lower pedestal 5, and the upper pedestal 6 is placed on the uppermost surface of the stack.
A compressive load in a vertical direction on the stack between the pedestals 5 and 6 by a pinching device 8 (for example, a weight type, a screw type, a hydraulic type, a hydraulic type, a lever type device, etc.) configured by the upper and the pedestals 6. Is added. In FIG. 3, a screw type device is used as the pinching device 8.
【００１０】[0010]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、図３の
ねじ式装置による場合、ねじ締めのバランスをすべての
箇所でとることは難しく、その結果スタックに平均的な
接触圧力が加わらず、部分的に荷重の集中する部分Ａ
と、全く荷重が加わらない部分Ｂと、これらの中間部分
ができる。However, in the case of the screw type device of FIG. 3, it is difficult to balance the screw tightening at all points, and as a result, the average contact pressure is not applied to the stack, and the stack is partially broken. Part A where the load is concentrated
Then, a part B to which no load is applied and an intermediate part between them are formed.
【００１１】荷重が加わらない部分Ｂにおいては、スペ
ーサのシール効果がなく燃料ガスや酸化剤ガスがリーク
し、燃料利用率が低下して燃料電池の効率が低下するの
は勿論、両ガスの混合により燃焼を起こし局部的な温度
上昇を生じ、熱応力分布が不均一となり、クラックや歪
みを生じ、スタックの寿命を短縮させる。また、スタッ
ク中に荷重が加わる所と、加わらない所が生じることに
より、セパレータや単電池の機械的割れの原因となり、
発電特性を著しく低下させる。さらに電池の電極におい
て均一で十分な荷重が加わらないと、セパレータとの接
触抵抗が大きくなってしまう。このような欠点はねじ式
装置に限定されるものでなく、その他のすべての挟圧装
置８を使用する場合にも発生するものである。In the portion B where no load is applied, the spacer does not have a sealing effect, and the fuel gas and the oxidant gas leak, the fuel utilization rate decreases, and the efficiency of the fuel cell decreases, as a matter of course. As a result, combustion is caused and a local temperature rise occurs, the thermal stress distribution becomes non-uniform, cracks and strains occur, and the life of the stack is shortened. In addition, a place where a load is applied and a place where a load is not applied occur in the stack, which causes mechanical cracking of the separator and the unit cell.
Remarkably deteriorates power generation characteristics. Furthermore, unless a uniform and sufficient load is applied to the electrodes of the battery, the contact resistance with the separator will increase. Such a defect is not limited to the screw type device, and also occurs when using all the other clamping devices 8.
【００１２】本発明は上述の点にかんがみてなされたも
ので、常にスタックに積層方向に平行な圧縮荷重が掛か
り、その結果スタックの全構成部材の接触面に均一でバ
ランスのとれた積層方向の圧縮荷重を作用させることが
できる平板型固体電解質燃料電池の積層圧縮装置を提供
することを目的とする。The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and a compressive load parallel to the stacking direction is always applied to the stack, and as a result, the contact surfaces of all the constituent members of the stack have a uniform and balanced stacking direction. An object of the present invention is to provide a laminated compression device for a flat plate type solid electrolyte fuel cell capable of exerting a compressive load.
【００１３】[0013]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するた
め、本発明の平板型固体電解質燃料電池の積層圧縮装置
は平板型固体電解質層の両面にそれぞれ空気極と燃料極
とを配置してなる平板状単電池と、隣接する単電池同士
を電気的に直列に接続しかつ各単電池に燃料と酸化剤ガ
スとを分配するセパレータと、前記単電池と前記セパレ
ータとの間に介在されるスペーサとを交互に積層してな
る平板型固体電解質燃料電池にその積層方向に圧縮荷重
を加える装置において、該燃料電池を載置する下部架台
と、該下部架台上の燃料電池の最上面のほぼ中央部に載
せた球体と、該球体の上に載置した上部架台と、前記下
部架台と前記上部架台を接近させることにより前記両架
台間に挟持された燃料電池に積層方向の圧縮荷重を加え
る挟圧装置と、を包含することを特徴とする。In order to achieve the above object, the laminated compression apparatus for a flat plate type solid electrolyte fuel cell of the present invention has an air electrode and a fuel electrode arranged on both sides of a flat plate type solid electrolyte layer. A flat cell, a separator electrically connecting adjacent cells to each other in series and distributing a fuel and an oxidant gas to each cell, and a spacer interposed between the cell and the separator. In a device for applying a compressive load in a stacking direction to a flat plate type solid electrolyte fuel cell formed by alternately stacking and, a lower pedestal on which the fuel cell is placed, and a substantially center of the uppermost surface of the fuel cell on the lower pedestal. A sphere placed on the sphere, an upper pedestal placed on the sphere, and a clamp for applying a compressive load in the stacking direction to the fuel cell sandwiched between the pedestals by bringing the lower cradle and the upper cradle close to each other. With a pressure device Characterized in that it.
【００１４】また、本発明は挟圧装置がねじとばねによ
る荷重を利用したねじ式挟圧装置であることを特徴とす
る。ねじ式挟圧装置はコストが低廉な特徴がある。Further, the present invention is characterized in that the pinching device is a screw type pinching device utilizing a load by a screw and a spring. The screw type pinching device is characterized by low cost.
【００１５】また、本発明は球体がセラミックス、アル
ミナ、ジルコニア、マグネシアの中の一つまたは複数の
組合せの材料、Ａｌ−Ｍｇスピネルを主成分とするセラ
ミックス、耐熱性金属、Ｎｉ−Ｃｒ合金、Ｆｅ−Ｃｒ合
金で作られることを特徴とする。また、耐熱性金属の表
面がアルミニウム合金化処理されていること、セラミッ
クスでコートされていること、または、セラミックスコ
ートの材質がジルコニア、アルミナ、イットリア、セリ
アの内の一つまたは複数の組合せであることを特徴とす
る。In the present invention, the sphere is made of one or a combination of ceramics, alumina, zirconia and magnesia, ceramics containing Al-Mg spinel as a main component, heat resistant metal, Ni-Cr alloy, Fe. It is characterized by being made of a Cr alloy. Further, the surface of the heat-resistant metal is aluminum alloyed, coated with ceramics, or the material of the ceramics coating is one or a combination of zirconia, alumina, yttria, and ceria. It is characterized by
【００１６】[0016]
【発明の実施の形態】以下に本発明を図面に基づいて説
明する。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
【００１７】図１は本発明による内部マニホールド方式
の平板型固体電解質燃料電池の積層圧縮装置の概略構成
を説明する図である。FIG. 1 is a view for explaining the schematic structure of a laminated compression apparatus for an internal manifold type flat plate type solid oxide fuel cell according to the present invention.
【００１８】本発明による平板型固体電解質燃料電池の
積層圧縮装置は、燃料電池を載置する下部架台５と、球
体１０と、上部架台６と、挟圧装置８とを備えている。
下部架台５の上に平板型固体電解質燃料電池（スタッ
ク）を載置する。この平板型固体電解質燃料電池は平板
型固体電解質層の両面にそれぞれ空気極と燃料極とを配
置してなる平板状単電池と、隣接する単電池同士を電気
的に直列に接続しかつ各単電池に燃料と酸化剤ガスとを
分配するセパレータと、前記単電池と前記セパレータと
の間に介在されるスペーサとを交互に積層したものであ
る。球体１０は燃料電池の作動温度（約１０００℃）に
耐える材料、例えば耐熱性金属やセラミックスで作られ
ている。球体１０はスタックの最上面（図１では最上セ
パレータ２の上面）のほぼ中央部に載せられている。た
とえば、スタックの最上面のほぼ中央部に浅い球状のく
ぼみ（図示せず）を設けることにより球体１０の転動を
防止することができる。上部架台６が球体１０に載せら
れている。上部架台６の下面の中央に浅い球状のくぼみ
（図示せず）を設けることにより球体１０と上部架台６
の関係位置を保持することができる。The laminated compression apparatus for a flat-plate type solid oxide fuel cell according to the present invention comprises a lower mount 5 on which the fuel cell is mounted, a sphere 10, an upper mount 6, and a pinching device 8.
A flat plate type solid electrolyte fuel cell (stack) is placed on the lower mount 5. This flat plate type solid electrolyte fuel cell has a flat plate type solid electrolyte layer having an air electrode and a fuel electrode on both sides, and a flat plate type single cell, and adjacent single cells are electrically connected in series to each other. A separator for distributing the fuel and the oxidant gas to the cell and a spacer interposed between the unit cell and the separator are alternately laminated. The sphere 10 is made of a material that can withstand the operating temperature of the fuel cell (about 1000 ° C.), for example, a heat-resistant metal or ceramics. The sphere 10 is placed substantially at the center of the top surface of the stack (the top surface of the top separator 2 in FIG. 1). For example, the rolling of the sphere 10 can be prevented by providing a shallow spherical recess (not shown) at approximately the center of the uppermost surface of the stack. The upper pedestal 6 is mounted on the sphere 10. By forming a shallow spherical recess (not shown) in the center of the lower surface of the upper mount 6, the spherical body 10 and the upper mount 6 are
Can hold the relative position of
【００１９】前記球体１０は次のような材料で作られて
いる。The sphere 10 is made of the following materials.
【００２０】（１）セラミックスで作られている。(1) Made of ceramics.
【００２１】（２）アルミナ、ジルコニア、マグネシア
の中の一つまたは複数の組合せの材料で作られている。(2) It is made of one or a combination of materials selected from alumina, zirconia, and magnesia.
【００２２】（３）Ａｌ−Ｍｇスピネルを主成分とする
セラミックスで作られている。(3) Made of ceramics containing Al-Mg spinel as a main component.
【００２３】（４）耐熱性金属で作られている。(4) Made of heat resistant metal.
【００２４】（５）Ｎｉ−Ｃｒ合金で作られている。(5) Made of Ni-Cr alloy.
【００２５】（６）Ｆｅ−Ｃｒ合金で作られている。(6) Made of Fe-Cr alloy.
【００２６】（７）耐熱性金属の表面がアルミニウム合
金化処理されている。(7) The surface of the heat resistant metal is aluminum alloyed.
【００２７】（８）耐熱性金属の表面がセラミックスで
コートされている。(8) The surface of the heat resistant metal is coated with ceramics.
【００２８】（９）セラミックスコートの材質がジルコ
ニア、アルミナ、イットリア、セリアの内の一つまたは
複数の組合せである。(9) The material of the ceramic coat is one or a combination of zirconia, alumina, yttria, and ceria.
【００２９】挟圧装置８は両架台５、６間に挟持されて
いる燃料電池に積層方向の圧縮荷重を加えるため、下部
架台５と上部架台６を接近させるための装置であり、図
１の実施例ではねじとばねによる荷重を利用したねじ式
挟圧装置が使用されている。ねじとばねによりスタック
に運転中に作用する荷重の調整は室温において行われて
いる。The clamping device 8 is a device for bringing the lower pedestal 5 and the upper pedestal 6 closer to each other in order to apply a compressive load in the stacking direction to the fuel cell sandwiched between the two pedestals 5 and 6, and is shown in FIG. In the embodiment, a screw type pinching device utilizing a load by a screw and a spring is used. The adjustment of the load exerted on the stack by the screws and the spring during operation is performed at room temperature.
【００３０】以上説明したように構成した本発明の積層
圧縮装置と従来の積層圧縮装置とを別々に使用して実際
に運転中のスタックに垂直方向の荷重０．２Ｋｇｆ／ｃ
ｍ2を作用させた場合の圧力分布測定の結果を次に説明
する。A vertical load of 0.2 Kgf / c is applied to the stack in actual operation by separately using the laminated compression apparatus of the present invention and the conventional laminated compression apparatus configured as described above.
The result of the pressure distribution measurement when m 2 is applied will be described below.
【００３１】図２は本発明の積層圧縮装置を使用した場
合の圧力分布模様を示す図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a pressure distribution pattern when the laminated compression apparatus of the present invention is used.
【００３２】図４は従来の積層圧縮装置を使用した場合
の圧力分布模様を示す図である。FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a pressure distribution pattern in the case where a conventional laminated compression device is used.
【００３３】圧力分布測定シートとして、シートに加え
られる圧力によって赤色に発色する、富士フィルム
（株）製のプレスケールを使用した。この圧力分布測定
シートはポリエチレンテレフタレートの片面にそれぞれ
異なる２種類の薬品を塗布した２枚のシートを薬品塗布
面どうし重ね合わせたものである。このような圧力分布
測定シートをスタックのセパレータと電池の空気極側と
の間に挿入して測定した。As the pressure distribution measurement sheet, a prescale manufactured by Fuji Film Co., Ltd., which develops red color by the pressure applied to the sheet, was used. This pressure distribution measuring sheet is a sheet in which two different kinds of chemicals are coated on one surface of polyethylene terephthalate and the chemical coating surfaces are superposed. Such a pressure distribution measurement sheet was inserted between the separator of the stack and the air electrode side of the battery for measurement.
【００３４】図２の圧力分布模様から本発明の積層圧縮
装置を使用した場合はセパレータと電池の空気極側との
接触面間にバランスのとれた積層方向の圧縮荷重が作用
していることは明瞭である。しかるに、図４の従来の積
層圧縮装置を使用した場合の圧力分布模様によればセパ
レータと電池の空気極側との接触面間に不均一な圧縮荷
重が作用していることは明らかである。From the pressure distribution pattern of FIG. 2, when the laminated compression apparatus of the present invention is used, it is found that a balanced compressive load in the lamination direction acts between the contact surfaces of the separator and the air electrode side of the battery. It is clear. However, according to the pressure distribution pattern when the conventional laminated compression apparatus of FIG. 4 is used, it is clear that an uneven compression load is acting between the contact surfaces of the separator and the air electrode side of the battery.
【００３５】[0035]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明によれば平
板型固体電解質層の両面にそれぞれ空気極と燃料極とを
配置してなる平板状単電池と、隣接する単電池同士を電
気的に直列に接続しかつ各単電池に燃料と酸化剤ガスと
を分配するセパレータと、前記単電池と前記セパレータ
との間に介在されるスペーサとを交互に積層してなる平
板型固体電解質燃料電池にその積層方向に圧縮荷重を加
える装置において、該燃料電池を載置する下部架台と、
該下部架台上の燃料電池の最上面のほぼ中央部に載せた
球体と、該球体の上に載置した上部架台と、前記下部架
台と前記上部架台を接近させることにより前記両架台間
に挟持された燃料電池に積層方向の圧縮荷重を加える挟
圧装置と、を包含するよに構成したので、燃料電池の運
転中常にスタックの最上部の中心に積層方向の圧縮荷重
が掛かり、スタックの全構成部材の接触面にバランスの
とれた積層方向の圧縮荷重を作用させることができるの
で、スペーサのシール効果が良くなり、燃料ガスや酸化
剤ガスがリークせず、燃料利用率が向上して燃料電池の
効率が向上するのは勿論、熱応力分布が均一となり、ク
ラックや歪みを生ずることなく、スタックの寿命を伸長
し、また、従来のようにスタック中に荷重の加わる所
と、加わらない所が生ずるため、セパレータや単電池の
機械的割れを発生することが無くなり、発電特性を著し
く向上させ、電池の電極において均一で十分な荷重が加
えられることからセパレータとの接触抵抗も低減される
という極めて優れた効果が得られる。As described above, according to the present invention, a flat plate type single cell in which an air electrode and a fuel electrode are arranged on both sides of a flat plate type solid electrolyte layer and an adjacent single cell are electrically connected to each other. A flat plate type solid electrolyte fuel cell in which separators connected in series to each other and distributing a fuel and an oxidant gas to each unit cell and a spacer interposed between the unit cell and the separator are alternately laminated. A device for applying a compressive load in the stacking direction to a lower frame on which the fuel cell is mounted,
A sphere placed on substantially the center of the uppermost surface of the fuel cell on the lower pedestal, an upper pedestal placed on the sphere, and sandwiching the lower pedestal and the upper pedestal between the two pedestals. Since it is configured to include a pinching device that applies a compressive load in the stacking direction to the fuel cell, the compressive load in the stacking direction is always applied to the center of the top of the stack during operation of the fuel cell, and Since a well-balanced compressive load in the stacking direction can be applied to the contact surfaces of the constituent members, the spacer sealing effect improves, fuel gas and oxidant gas do not leak, and the fuel utilization rate improves In addition to improving the efficiency of the battery, the thermal stress distribution becomes uniform, the life of the stack is extended without cracks and distortions, and the places where load is applied to the stack as before and where it is not applied. But Therefore, mechanical cracking of the separator and the unit cell is not generated, the power generation characteristics are significantly improved, and a uniform and sufficient load is applied to the electrode of the battery, so that the contact resistance with the separator is also extremely reduced. Excellent effect can be obtained.
【図１】本発明による内部マニホールド方式の平板型固
体電解質燃料電池の積層圧縮装置の概略構成を説明する
図である。FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a laminated compression device for an internal manifold type flat-plate solid electrolyte fuel cell according to the present invention.
【図２】本発明の積層圧縮装置を使用した場合の圧力分
布模様を示す図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a pressure distribution pattern when the laminated compression device of the present invention is used.
【図３】従来の内部マニホールド方式の平板型固体電解
質燃料電池の概略構成を示す図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a conventional internal manifold type flat plate solid electrolyte fuel cell.
【図４】従来の積層圧縮装置を使用した場合の圧力分布
模様を示す図である。FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a pressure distribution pattern when a conventional laminated compression device is used.
１ 単電池 ２ セパレータ ３ スペーサ ５ 下部架台 ６ 上部架台 ８ 挟圧装置 １０ 球体 Ａ 荷重の集中する部分 Ｂ 全く荷重が加わらない部分 1 unit cell 2 separator 3 spacer 5 lower mount 6 upper mount 8 clamping device 10 sphere A part where load is concentrated B part where no load is applied at all
Claims (11)
気極と燃料極とを配置してなる平板状単電池と、隣接す
る単電池同士を電気的に直列に接続しかつ各単電池に燃
料と酸化剤ガスとを分配するセパレータと、前記単電池
と前記セパレータとの間に介在されるスペーサとを交互
に積層してなる平板型固体電解質燃料電池にその積層方
向に圧縮荷重を加える装置において、該燃料電池を載置
する下部架台と、該下部架台上の燃料電池の最上面のほ
ぼ中央部に載せた球体と、該球体の上に載置した上部架
台と、前記下部架台と前記上部架台を接近させることに
より前記両架台間に挟持された燃料電池に積層方向の圧
縮荷重を加える挟圧装置と、を包含することを特徴とす
る平板型固体電解質燃料電池の積層圧縮装置。1. A flat plate type cell having an air electrode and a fuel electrode arranged on both sides of a flat plate type solid electrolyte layer, and adjacent cell units are electrically connected in series, and fuel is supplied to each cell unit. In a device for applying a compressive load in the stacking direction to a flat plate type solid electrolyte fuel cell in which a separator that distributes an oxidant gas and a separator and a spacer that is interposed between the unit cell and the separator are alternately stacked. A lower pedestal on which the fuel cell is placed, a sphere placed on the lower pedestal at approximately the center of the uppermost surface of the fuel cell, an upper pedestal placed on the sphere, the lower pedestal and the upper portion And a clamping device for applying a compressive load in the stacking direction to the fuel cell sandwiched between the two racks by bringing the racks closer to each other.
利用したねじ式挟圧装置であることを特徴とする請求項
１に記載の平板型固体電解質燃料電池の積層圧縮装置。2. The laminated compression device for a flat plate type solid electrolyte fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the pinching device is a screw type pinching device utilizing a load of a screw and a spring.
ことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の平板型固体電解質燃
料電池の積層圧縮装置。3. The laminated compression device for a flat plate type solid electrolyte fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the sphere is made of ceramics.
ネシアの中の一つまたは複数の組合せの材料で作られて
いることを特徴とする請求項３に記載の平板型固体電解
質燃料電池の積層圧縮装置。4. The laminated compression apparatus for a flat plate type solid electrolyte fuel cell according to claim 3, wherein the sphere is made of one or more materials selected from the group consisting of alumina, zirconia, and magnesia. .
とするセラミックスで作られていることを特徴とする請
求項３に記載の平板型固体電解質燃料電池の積層圧縮装
置。5. The laminated compression device for a flat plate type solid electrolyte fuel cell according to claim 3, wherein the sphere is made of ceramics containing Al-Mg spinel as a main component.
とを特徴とする請求項１に記載の平板型固体電解質燃料
電池の積層圧縮装置。6. The laminated compression apparatus for a flat plate type solid electrolyte fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the sphere is made of a heat resistant metal.
ることを特徴とする請求項６に記載の平板型固体電解質
燃料電池の積層圧縮装置。7. The laminated compression device for a flat plate type solid electrolyte fuel cell according to claim 6, wherein the sphere is made of a Ni—Cr alloy.
ることを特徴とする請求項６に記載の平板型固体電解質
燃料電池の積層圧縮装置。8. The laminated compression device for a flat plate type solid electrolyte fuel cell according to claim 6, wherein the sphere is made of an Fe—Cr alloy.
金化処理されていることを特徴とする請求項６に記載の
平板型固体電解質燃料電池の積層圧縮装置。9. The laminated compression device for a flat plate type solid electrolyte fuel cell according to claim 6, wherein the surface of the heat resistant metal is aluminum alloyed.
でコートされていることを特徴とする請求項６に記載の
平板型固体電解質燃料電池の積層圧縮装置。10. The laminated compression apparatus for a flat plate type solid electrolyte fuel cell according to claim 6, wherein the surface of the heat resistant metal is coated with ceramics.
コニア、アルミナ、イットリア、セリアの内の一つまた
は複数の組合せであることを特徴とする請求項１０に記
載の平板型固体電解質燃料電池の積層圧縮装置。11. The laminated compression apparatus for a flat plate type solid electrolyte fuel cell according to claim 10, wherein the material of the ceramic coat is one or a combination of zirconia, alumina, yttria, and ceria. .
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7295553A JPH09139223A (en) | 1995-11-14 | 1995-11-14 | Lamination compressing device for flat solid electrolytic fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7295553A JPH09139223A (en) | 1995-11-14 | 1995-11-14 | Lamination compressing device for flat solid electrolytic fuel cell |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH09139223A true JPH09139223A (en) | 1997-05-27 |
Family
ID=17822140
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7295553A Withdrawn JPH09139223A (en) | 1995-11-14 | 1995-11-14 | Lamination compressing device for flat solid electrolytic fuel cell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH09139223A (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6645659B2 (en) | 2000-07-19 | 2003-11-11 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell apparatus |
| US7163761B2 (en) | 2002-11-14 | 2007-01-16 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Fuel cell stack |
| KR101296790B1 (en) * | 2011-07-19 | 2013-08-14 | (주)베스텍 | compressing devices of election cell |
| JP2013257953A (en) * | 2012-06-11 | 2013-12-26 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Solid oxide fuel cell and method for assembling solid oxide fuel cell |
| US9054350B2 (en) | 2010-12-01 | 2015-06-09 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell stack |
| CN108281683A (en) * | 2018-03-07 | 2018-07-13 | 北京氢璞创能科技有限公司 | A kind of fuel-cell device and its analogy method of polar plate flow passage gas distribution |
| FR3127850A1 (en) * | 2021-10-05 | 2023-04-07 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives | System for conditioning a plurality of stacks of superposed SOEC/SOFC type solid oxide cells at high temperature |
-
1995
- 1995-11-14 JP JP7295553A patent/JPH09139223A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6645659B2 (en) | 2000-07-19 | 2003-11-11 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell apparatus |
| US7163761B2 (en) | 2002-11-14 | 2007-01-16 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Fuel cell stack |
| US9054350B2 (en) | 2010-12-01 | 2015-06-09 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell stack |
| KR101296790B1 (en) * | 2011-07-19 | 2013-08-14 | (주)베스텍 | compressing devices of election cell |
| JP2013257953A (en) * | 2012-06-11 | 2013-12-26 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Solid oxide fuel cell and method for assembling solid oxide fuel cell |
| CN108281683A (en) * | 2018-03-07 | 2018-07-13 | 北京氢璞创能科技有限公司 | A kind of fuel-cell device and its analogy method of polar plate flow passage gas distribution |
| FR3127850A1 (en) * | 2021-10-05 | 2023-04-07 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives | System for conditioning a plurality of stacks of superposed SOEC/SOFC type solid oxide cells at high temperature |
| WO2023057720A1 (en) * | 2021-10-05 | 2023-04-13 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives | System for conditioning a plurality of stacks of high-temperature soec/sofc solid oxide cells |
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