JPH09138028A - Generator-absorber heat exchanger for ammonia absorption type air conditioner - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To attempt to rapidly transfer heat by the reduction of heat loss by coupling a heat pipe to a GAX-generator for condensing operating fluid from a GAX-absorber for setting the fluid from liquid state to vapor state, and circulating the fluid. SOLUTION: A GAX-absorber 107 for rasing the temperature of inner operating fluid by the heat transfer due to the contact with dilute solution from a generator 101 and absorption heat is formed at the upper stage in an absorber 102. A GAX-generator 106 for heat exchanging with concentrated solution fed from the absorber 102 to the generator 101 to raise the temperature of the concentrated solution is formed at the upper stage in the generator 101. A heat pipe 108 is coupled from the absorber 107 to the generator 106 to circulate the fluid. Thus, the heat loss is reduced to make it possible to attempt to rapidly transfer the heat.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a generator-absorber heat exchanger (GAX) for an ammonia absorption air conditioner, and more particularly, a working fluid inside the generator-absorber heat exchanger (GAX) has no external driving force. It is designed to smoothly circulate in order to reduce heat loss and to perform heat transfer quickly.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 1 shows the structure of a generator-absorber heat exchanger and its peripheral part of a conventional ammonia absorption type air conditioner. The generator 1 evaporates ammonia as a refrigerant from a high-concentration aqueous ammonia solution 11 (hereinafter, referred to as a concentrated solution) to obtain an ammonia refrigerant vapor, and sends it to the refrigerant vapor outflow pipe 9, and at the same time, the concentration of the ammonia vapor generated Make a low aqueous ammonia solution (hereinafter referred to as a dilute solution). The refrigerant vapor outflow pipe 9 is formed in the upper stage of the generator 1 to guide the ammonia refrigerant vapor evaporated in the generator 1 to a condenser (not shown). The dilute solution produced in the generator 1 is guided to the absorber 2 through the dilute solution coil 3 provided in the generator 1.

As is well known, the ammonia vapor sent to the condenser is condensed there and sent to an evaporator (not shown),
It is evaporated again in the evaporator and is made to flow from the refrigerant vapor inflow pipe 10 into the absorber 2. The absorber 2 absorbs and dissolves the ammonia vapor in the dilute solution sent to the absorber, cools the heat generated at that time with the cooling water 12, and the generator 1
The dilute solution sent from the plant absorbs ammonia to form a concentrated solution. Pump 5 returns the concentrated solution to generator 1 again.

Further, a pipeline for circulating a working fluid by a pump 8 is formed between the generator 1 and the absorber 2, and a GAX-absorber section 7 is provided in the upper stage of the absorber 2 in the pipeline. The GAX-generator section 6 is formed in the upper part of the generator 1. GAX-absorber unit 7 heats the working fluid to
The high-concentration solution is heated in the AX-generator section 6.

The operation of the conventional generator-absorber heat exchanger of such an ammonia absorption type air conditioner will be described. A general ammonia absorption type air conditioner is basically composed of four components, that is, a generator 1, a condenser, an evaporator and an absorber 2. The above generator-absorber heat exchanger (GA
X) is intended to improve the energy utilization efficiency of the system, and is a heat exchange device that transfers the heat in the absorber 2 to the concentrated solution in the generator 1.

As shown in FIG. 1, when heat is applied to the generator 1, ammonia is evaporated from the concentrated solution 11 in the generator 1 and the concentrated solution becomes a dilute solution. The evaporated ammonia refrigerant vapor is sent to the condenser through the refrigerant vapor outflow pipe 9 formed in the upper stage of the generator 1. The dilute solution generated in the generator 1 has a higher specific gravity than the concentrated solution and descends to the lower part of the generator 1, and the descended dilute solution is introduced into the dilute solution coil 3 and transferred into the absorber 2. It

The ammonia refrigerant vapor formed by evaporation in the evaporator passes through the condenser and the compressor and flows into the absorber through the refrigerant vapor inflow pipe 10 installed in the lower part of the absorber 2. The ammonia refrigerant vapor that has flowed in through the refrigerant vapor inflow pipe 10 is absorbed by the dilute solution that flows in from the upper part of the absorber 2. The dilute solution in which the ammonia vapor is dissolved becomes a concentrated solution while exchanging heat with the cooling water 12 flowing into the absorber 2, and collects in the lower part of the absorber 2.

The concentrated solution collected in the lower part of the absorber 2 is heated by the pumping operation of the solution pump 5 while receiving a part of the absorption heat when absorbing the ammonia while passing through the heat exchanger 4 and is raised in temperature. It flows into the inside of the container 1.
At that time, the GAX-absorber part 7 formed in the upper part of the absorber 2 contacts the dilute solution flowing into the absorber 2 by flowing in the dilute solution coil 3 formed in the generator 1. And heat exchange by the absorbed heat is performed to raise the temperature of the working fluid. The working fluid in the generator-absorber heat exchanger (GAX) is circulated by the pumping operation of the pump 8 and transferred from the absorber 2 to the generator 1 in the GAX-generator part 6 formed in the generator 1. Heat exchange with the concentrated solution to raise the temperature of the concentrated solution.

In order to improve the heat utilization efficiency in the generator-absorber heat exchanger (GAX), the upper pipe in the generator 1 is crossed to the lower side in the absorber 2 so that the generator-absorber is absorbed. The structure of the heat exchanger (GAX) has an ∞ shape.

[0010]

However, since the generator-absorber heat exchanger of the conventional ammonia absorption type air conditioner uses the pump for the smooth circulation of the working fluid therein, the power for driving the pump is required. However, there is a problem in that the energy utilization efficiency of the electric power of the pump is reduced and the maintenance cost is increased. Further, there is a problem that the manufacturing cost of the system increases due to the installation of the pump. An object of the present invention is to allow working fluid inside a generator-absorber heat exchanger (GAX) to be smoothly circulated without external driving force to reduce heat loss and to achieve rapid heat transfer. It is an object of the present invention to provide a generator-absorber heat exchanger (GAX) for an ammonia absorption type heating and cooling machine that is made possible.

[0011]

To achieve this object, the present invention provides a working fluid inside which is heated by the contact with the dilute solution sent from the generator to the absorber and the heat of absorption inside the absorber. The GAX-absorber section formed in the absorber, which changes the liquid state to the vapor state, the working fluid evaporated by the GAX-absorber section and the concentrated solution sent from the absorber to the generator heat. GAX formed inside the generator to exchange and raise the temperature of the concentrated solution to condense the working fluid
-Generator means and heat transfer means connected to the GAX-absorber section to the GAX-generator section for circulating the working fluid.

[0012]

FIG. 2 shows the configuration of a generator-absorber heat exchanger and its peripheral portion of an ammonia absorption type air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention. As in the conventional case, the generator 101 evaporates ammonia as a refrigerant from a high-concentration aqueous ammonia solution, that is, the concentrated solution 111 to obtain ammonia refrigerant vapor and sends it out to the refrigerant vapor outflow pipe 109. Make a lowered aqueous ammonia solution (hereinafter referred to as a dilute solution). The refrigerant vapor outflow pipe 109 is formed in the upper stage of the generator 101 for guiding the ammonia refrigerant vapor evaporated in the generator 1 to a condenser (not shown). The dilute solution generated in the generator 101 is guided to the absorber 102 through the dilute solution coil 103 provided in the generator 1.

As is well known, the ammonia vapor sent to the condenser is condensed there and sent to an evaporator (not shown),
It is made to evaporate again in the evaporator and flow into the absorber 102 from the refrigerant vapor inflow pipe 110. The absorber 102 absorbs the ammonia vapor in the dilute solution sent from the generator 101 and dissolves it, cools the heat generated at that time with cooling water 112, and absorbs ammonia in the dilute solution to form a concentrated solution. To form. The concentrated solution is returned to the generator 101 again by the pump 105.

A GAX-absorber section 107 is formed in the upper part of the absorber 102. As in the past, this GAX-
The absorber section 107 raises the temperature of the working fluid inside by contact with the dilute solution from the 107 generator 101 and heat transfer by absorption heat. Similarly, in the upper part of the generator 101, a GA that can exchange heat with the concentrated solution flowing from the absorber 102 into the generator 101 to raise the temperature of the concentrated solution.
An X-generator section 106 is arranged. These GAX
A heat pipe 108 is arranged between the generator unit 106 and the GAX-absorber unit 107 to transfer heat by the movement of the working fluid by the capillary phenomenon. That is, in this embodiment, the generator-absorber heat exchanger of the ammonia absorption cooling and heating machine is configured by a heat pipe that has excellent heat transfer performance and does not require external driving force.

The operation of the embodiment having the above configuration will be described below. First, when heat is applied to the generator 101 by the GAX generator unit 106, ammonia in the concentrated solution 111 inside the generator 101 is evaporated and a refrigerant vapor is generated to become a dilute solution.
The ammonia refrigerant vapor is delivered to the condenser through the refrigerant vapor outflow pipe 109 formed in the upper stage of the generator 101. On the other hand, since the dilute solution generated in the generator 101 has a higher specific gravity than the concentrated solution, the dilute solution descends to the lower part of the generator 101, and the descended dilute solution is introduced into the dilute solution coil 103 and transferred into the absorber 102. To be done.

The ammonia refrigerant vapor evaporated in the evaporator flows into the absorber 102 through the refrigerant vapor inflow pipe 110 installed in the lower part thereof. The ammonia refrigerant vapor that has flowed in through the refrigerant vapor inflow pipe 110 is absorbed by the diluted solution that flows in from the upper part of the absorber 102, and dissolves in it.
Therefore, the concentration of the dilute solution becomes high, and the diluted solution is cooled by the cooling water 112 to become a concentrated solution and collect in the lower part of the absorber 102.
The concentrated solution collected in the lower part passes through the heat exchanger 104 by the solution pump 105 and is sent to the generator 101.
At that time, the temperature of the concentrated solution rises by receiving a part of the absorption heat when the ammonia gas is absorbed while passing through the heat exchanger 104.

At the same time, the working fluid in the generator-absorber heat exchanger (GAX) formed by the heat pipe is absorbed by the absorber 1
It is heated by the GAX-absorber section 107 formed in the upper stage of 02 and evaporated from the liquid state to the vapor state. This heating is performed by the dilute solution coil 103 formed in the generator 101.
This is due to contact with the dilute solution flowing inside and flowing into the absorber 102 and heat exchange due to absorption heat.

The working fluid evaporated in the GAX-absorber section 107 moves to the GAX-generator section 106 formed in the generator 101, and the generator 105 is generated by the pump 105.
Heat exchange with the concentrated solution flowing into. Therefore, as the temperature of the concentrated solution rises and ammonia evaporates,
In the GAX-generator section 106, the evaporated working fluid is condensed into a liquid.

The condensed liquid moves to the GAX-absorber section 107 by a capillary phenomenon by the wick installed on the inner wall of the heat pipe 108, and is evaporated again into a vapor state through heat exchange. This cycle is repeated. Since the temperature gradients in the height direction of the generator 101 and the absorber 102 are opposite to each other (in the absorber 102, the temperature decreases from the upper stage portion to the lower stage portion, and in the generator 101, the temperature decreases from the lower stage portion to the upper stage portion). The heat pipe 108 of the generator-absorber heat exchanger (GAX) for smooth heat transfer from the absorber 102 to the generator 101, as shown in FIG. Is connected to the upper side of the other side and vice versa. That is, in this embodiment, the heat pipe of the generator-absorber heat exchanger and the heat transfer medium (that is, the concentrated solution and the dilute solution) are formed in a reverse flow structure to enhance the heat transfer efficiency.

That is, the high temperature part of the absorber 102 and the generator 10
The high temperature part of 1 is connected, and the low temperature part of the absorber 102 and the low temperature part of the generator 101 are connected. In this embodiment, three heat pipes are used, and those connecting the intermediate portions are arranged at the same height. More heat pipes may be arranged if necessary.

[0021]

As described above in detail, according to the present invention, since the generator-absorber heat exchanger (GAX) is composed of a heat pipe, a pump for circulating the working fluid is not necessary. Since no extra energy is required, the efficiency of energy use can be improved. Also,
Manufacturing costs are reduced because no pump is required.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 A generator of a conventional ammonia absorption type air conditioner-
Structural drawing of absorber heat exchanger (GAX).

FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a generator-absorber heat exchanger (GAX) of the ammonia absorption type air conditioner according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

101 generator, 102 absorber, 104 heat exchanger,
105 pump, 106 GAX-generator section, 107
GAX-absorber section.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. Formed in the absorber, which is heated by the contact with the dilute solution sent from the generator to the absorber and the heat of absorption in the absorber to change the working fluid therein from the liquid state to the vapor state. The GAX-absorber section exchanges heat between the working fluid evaporated by the GAX-absorber section and the concentrated solution sent from the absorber to the generator to raise the temperature of the concentrated solution and condense the working fluid. An ammonia absorption means comprising: a GAX-generator means formed in the generator; and a heat transfer means connected from the GAX-absorber section to the GAX-generator section for circulating the working fluid. Type air conditioner generator-absorber heat exchanger. 2. The heat transfer means comprises a GAX-absorber section and a G
The generator-absorber heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein a heat exchange working fluid is formed between the AX-generator part and a heat pipe in which heat is transferred by a capillary phenomenon. . 3. The heat pipe is characterized in that one disposed above the generator is disposed below the absorber and one disposed above the absorber intersects with the lower side of the generator. The generator-absorber heat exchanger of the ammonia absorption type air conditioner according to claim 2.