JPH09131164A - Far infrared-irradiated straw - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To produce rice straw for feed or for a bed of TATAMI mat (mat made of rush for Japanese life) by irradiating far-infrared radiation rays to dry the straw and letting mold, a noxious insect, a nit of the noxious insect, etc., existing in the straw extinct. SOLUTION: Far-infrared radiation rays (preferably, 3-10μm in wave length) is irradiated on rice straw for a specified length depending on the initial humidity to dry it until the objective humidity (about 12-15%) and to kill bacteria and insects in the straw, at the same time. Further, the far-infrared radiation rays are preferably irradiated by a heater of 90 kilo wafts in output placed at about 10cm above the straw for about 30-60sec.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to rice straw for feed or tatami floor, which is dried by irradiating with far-infrared rays, or by which molds, pests, eggs of pests and the like inside are killed. is there.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, straws for feed or tatami beds of livestock are mixed with molds, pests, or pest eggs that are harmful to livestock. When used as a tatami mat, it causes diarrhea and diseases of livestock. For this reason, sun-drying and fumigation have been carried out in order to kill straws before feeding them to livestock.

[0003]

However, the above-mentioned conventional method, for example, the sun drying method, has a problem that it depends on the weather and requires a long time. Further, in the fumigation method, the pests and the like are killed, but the pest eggs still remain, and the quality of the straw itself as a feed also deteriorates,
There was a problem.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and the problems to be solved by the present invention are not affected by the weather, can be processed in a short time, and the quality of straws. Another object of the present invention is to provide a straw which has been treated by a drying / sterilizing and insecticidal method without deterioration and which has suppressed the generation of mold.

[0005]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a far-infrared irradiation straw according to the present invention irradiates a rice straw with far-infrared rays for a predetermined time according to its initial humidity, and the straw is heated to a target humidity. It is characterized in that the straw is sterilized and insecticidal is performed while being dried up to. The wavelength of the far infrared rays is preferably about 3 to 10 microns, and the target humidity is preferably about 12 to 15 percent. Further, preferably, the far infrared rays are irradiated for about 30 to 60 seconds from a heater having an output of 90 kilowatts installed at a position of about 10 cm above the straw.

[0006]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment of a method for producing far-infrared irradiation straws according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows the construction of a straw drying / sterilizing apparatus which is an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, this straw drying / sterilizing apparatus 100 includes a belt conveyor 1, a far infrared heater 2 installed on the belt conveyor 1, and a reflection plate 3 installed behind the far infrared heater 2.
And a fan 4 installed above the belt conveyor 1
A temperature sensor 5, a motor 6 for driving the belt conveyor 1, a control unit 7, and an inverter 9.

The belt conveyor 1 is driven by a motor 6, and the belt travels in the direction from left to right in FIG. The speed of the motor 6 is controlled by the inverter 9.

On the belt conveyor 1, rice straw S used for livestock, for example, for cattle feed or tatami floor, is unpacked and the stems of straw are almost perpendicular to the direction of belt travel. It is placed with a thickness of about 2 to 3 cm so as to face it. A mechanism, such as a chain, is mounted on the straw S so as to prevent the straw S from being scattered by the wind from the fan 4 or coming into contact with the far-infrared heater 2.

The far infrared heater 2 is constructed by arranging a plurality of metal wire rods such as tungsten and heater tubes 20 for radiating far infrared rays in parallel. For example, 90 heater tubes, each of which has a capacity of 1 kilowatt, are arranged side by side to have a capacity of 90 kilowatts. Also,
The far-infrared heater 2 is installed above the belt conveyor at about 10
It is installed at a position of about a centimeter. The far infrared heater 2 emits far infrared rays R when energized. Far infrared ray R has a wavelength of 3 to 100 microns (micron: 10 ^-3
(Mm), preferably a wavelength of 3 to
It is set to about 10 microns. Far-infrared rays are a kind of heat radiation, and when irradiated to an object, heat the object from the inside.

The reflection plate 3 is made of a metal plate material such as an aluminum plate, and has a far infrared ray R emitted from the far infrared ray heater 2.
Is reflected toward the straw S.

The temperature sensor 5 is attached to the surface of the straw S to measure the surface temperature of the straw S and output it to the control unit 7, or the surface temperature of the straw S is measured in a non-contact manner using a laser beam or the like. Any sensor that measures and outputs to the control unit 7 may be used.

The fan 4 is provided for cooling the straw S so that the temperature of the straw S does not rise excessively and does not cause ignition or the like, has a driving motor, and is driven or stopped by the control of the control unit 7.

The control unit 7 has a built-in microcomputer, and has an external commercial power source 8, a far infrared heater 2,
It is connected to the fan 4, the temperature sensor 5, and the inverter 9. The control unit 7 turns ON / OFF the supply of electric power from the external commercial power source 8 to the far infrared heater 2 and the fan 4 by an internal program based on an external input to a keyboard or a switch (not shown) or an input from a temperature sensor. Control. The controller 7 includes a far infrared irradiation / stop switch (not shown).

Next, a procedure for treating straw by the straw drying / sterilizing apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 1 will be described with reference to FIG.

First, the operator measures the humidity of the straw S to be processed with a hygrometer or the like. The operator inputs the measurement result of the humidity through the input unit (not shown) of the control unit 7. Next, the straw S is placed on the belt conveyor 1 and a start switch (not shown) of the straw drying / sterilizing apparatus 100 provided in the controller 7 is operated.

At this time, the microcomputer of the controller 7 calculates the irradiation time of far infrared rays to the straw S according to the humidity of the straw S. That is, it is necessary to dry the straw S to a humidity of 20% or less, preferably about 12 to 15%. Therefore, the moist straw S is dried to the target humidity. When the straw S is exposed to far-infrared rays, the straw S is heated from the inside and is dried by a synergistic effect with the air blown from the fan 4. The longer the irradiation time of far infrared rays is, the more water is dried, and the shorter the irradiation time of far infrared rays is, the less water is dried. The irradiation time of far infrared rays to the straw S is proportional to the time for running the straw S below the far infrared heater 2. The traveling speed of the belt conveyor 1 is proportional to the rotation speed of the motor 6, and the rotation speed of the motor 6 is controlled by the inverter 9. Therefore, the control unit 7 controls the inverter so that the traveling speed of the belt conveyor 1 becomes a predetermined value. A control signal is output to 9.

In the above, in order to adjust the drying of the straw, not only the speed of the motor 6 but also the output of the far infrared heater 2, the number of lights, or the like may be adjusted. Further, the setting amount of the inverter and the setting of the far infrared heater may be performed by a person without computer control.

According to the measured temperature data shown in FIG. 2, for example, when a far infrared ray is radiated to a straw having a humidity of 25 to 30%, the surface temperature of the straw is about 70 to 8 in about 60 seconds.
It reaches about 0 ° C. When far-infrared rays are irradiated to this extent, the humidity of straws is also reduced to about 15%, and the inside heating effect of far-infrared rays is enough to heat and dry the insides of straws. All pest eggs die. This is proved by the fact that the straws sterilized by irradiation with far infrared rays did not cause any mold or the like, and did not cause any problems in the health of livestock. Also, with far infrared irradiation, unlike normal heating,
Since the object is heated from the inside, the surface of the straw is not dried by heat. In addition, since rice straw has an ignition temperature of about 400 ° C., continuous irradiation with far infrared rays for a long time may cause deterioration of straw quality and ignition. Therefore, the irradiation time of far infrared rays on straw is 30 to 6
It is considered that the optimum irradiation time is about 0 seconds.

Straws S on the belt conveyor 1 are transferred from the left to the right in FIG. 1 and are unloaded from the belt conveyor 1 at the right end of the drawing. This completes the drying and sterilization of straw S. As described above, it is possible to continuously dry, sterilize, and kill a large amount of moist straw by placing the straw S on the belt conveyor at the left end of the belt conveyor 1 in a thickness of about 2 to 3 cm. it can.

After starting the start of the apparatus 100, the control unit 7
Microcomputer monitors the surface temperature data of the straw S sent from the temperature sensor 5. Control unit 7
When the surface temperature of the straw S reaches, for example, 350 ° C., the microcomputer of (1) takes measures such as turning off the far-infrared heater 2 in order to prevent ignition of the straw S.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. The embodiment described above is an exemplification, and has substantially the same configuration as the technical idea described in the claims of the present invention, and has the same function and effect,
Anything is included in the technical scope of the present invention.

For example, in the above-mentioned embodiment, as the straw to be sterilized, rice straw used for livestock feed or tatami floor has been described as an example, but the present invention is not limited to this. It may be grass or feed hay.

[0024]

As described above, according to the far-infrared ray irradiation straw of the present invention, far-infrared rays are irradiated for a predetermined time according to the humidity, and the straw is dried to a target humidity, and the straw is sterilized or Since the insects are killed, only the surface of the straw is not dried, and the straw is heated sufficiently from the inside.
It can be dried and can completely kill mold, pests, pest eggs, etc. attached to straw. Therefore, there is an advantage that high quality straws can be provided for animal feed or tatami mat.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a straw drying / sterilizing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Belt Conveyor 2 Far Infrared Heater 3 Reflector 4 Fan 5 Temperature Sensor 6 Motor 7 Control Unit 8 Commercial Power Supply 9 Inverter 100 Straw Dryer / Sterilizer R Far Infrared S Straw

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. Far-infrared irradiation, which comprises irradiating rice straw with far-infrared rays for a predetermined time according to its initial humidity to dry the straws to a target humidity and sterilizing and killing the straws. Straw. 2. The far-infrared irradiation straw according to claim 1, wherein the far-infrared irradiation wavelength is about 3 to 10 microns. 3. The far-infrared irradiation straw according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the target humidity is about 12 to 15%. 4. The far infrared irradiation straw according to claim 1, wherein the far infrared rays are
A far-infrared irradiation straw, which is irradiated for about 30 to 60 seconds from a heater having an output of 90 kilowatts installed at a position about 10 cm above the straw.