JP2002011079A - Device for exterminating and removing harmful organisms in rice straw, etc - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide device for exterminating and removing, harmful organisms, such as pathogenic fungi and insect pests being attached to straws of rice, wheat or grasses surely and in a short time with assurance. SOLUTION: The device comprises a structure in which straws are cut or milled, collected, and formed into straw blocks 12 with a certain size, which are carried on an in furnace conveyor 13 into a heating furnace 11, microwave generators 14a to 14f and a steam supply pipe 15 are provided to the furnace 11, in which, microwaves and steam are projected to the blocks 12 to heat and keep a high temperature for a certain period so that pathogenic fungi and insect pests attached to straws are exterminated and eliminated.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to killing harmful substances such as disease-causing bacteria and pests attached to straw such as rice, wheat, and grass using microwave energy and removing harmful substances.・ Removal equipment.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Straw such as rice, wheat, and pasture (dried stems of rice, wheat, and pasture) may have various germs and pests attached thereto. There are cases where unidentified disease bacteria and pests are attached.

[0003] The disease fungi include blast fungus, sesame peeling fungus, mummy blight fungus, streak bacterial fungus, water mold and the like, and pests include rice spikes, a member of the family Chrysomelidae, inosintometamebae, Anetaimeiga, There are pests.

[0004] The above-mentioned straw is used as livestock feed, tatami flooring material, stall matting material, horticultural materials, other general agricultural materials, and the like. Sterilization and killing are carried out by various means in order to kill and remove the bacteria.

[0005] In addition, the above-mentioned straw is often cut into a predetermined length or formed into a compressed straw block by accumulating crushed straw and is often in a form convenient for handling and transportation. Therefore, sterilization and insecticidal treatments are performed in the form of straw blocks. In addition, as a straw block, a cube-shaped thing, a disk-shaped thing, a thing which cut and crushed straw is put into a net bag and made into blocks, etc. are mentioned.

[0006] As this type of sterilization and insecticidal means conventionally used, there are mainly a reduced-pressure steam heating method and a hot-air heating method.

[0007] The reduced-pressure steam heating system has a configuration in which a straw block is placed in a sterilizing device in which the pressure is reduced, and steam is projected on the straw block in the sterilizing device. In this heating method, steam penetrates into the straw block, the temperature of the straw rises, and sterilization and insect killing are performed.

[0008] The hot air heating method has a structure in which a straw block is put into a sterilizer, and hot air is directly projected on the straw block in the sterilizer to raise the temperature of the straw to sterilize and kill insects.

[0009]

In the reduced-pressure steam heating method for projecting steam, the heat of steam is deprived by straw and water droplets adhere to the straw. It becomes difficult to heat the mixture.

That is, since the temperature of the whole straw does not rise to a temperature (86 ° C. or higher) required for sterilization and insecticidal, insufficient sterilization and insecticidal treatment is performed. 86 ° C
It is necessary to heat as described above and maintain the temperature for 4 minutes or more.

In the hot air heating method of projecting hot air, since the hot air is directly projected on the surface of the straw block, the inside of the straw block is heated by heat conduction.

As a result, it takes a long heating time to raise the temperature of straw to the temperature required for sterilization and insecticide, resulting in poor sterilization and insecticidal treatment efficiency.

According to the present invention, in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, harmful substances such as germs and pests attached to straw can be reliably killed and removed in a short time in the form of a straw bundle or in the form of a straw block. It is an object of the present invention to provide a device for killing and removing harmful substances such as rice straw that can be used.

[0014]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, according to the present invention, as a first invention, harmful substances such as germs and pests attached to straw such as rice, wheat, and grass are killed.
In the removing device, a straw is collected, or a cut or crushed straw is collected to form a set straw piece having a predetermined size, and a heating furnace for heating the collected straw piece is provided. And heating means for projecting microwave energy for heating from inside the gathering straw and steam energy or hot air energy for heating from the outside of the gathering straw to raise the temperature of the gathering straw. We propose a device to kill and remove harmful substances such as rice straw.

As described above, when microwave energy is projected onto the gathered straw, water molecules contained in the straw receive the microwave energy and vibrate, and the water molecules generate heat due to mutual frictional heat. As a result, the assembled straw generates heat from inside.

Further, by projecting steam energy or hot wind energy onto the gathered straw, the gathered straw is heated from the outside to prevent heat release from its surface, and also by projecting steam energy or hot wind energy. It is possible to heat the flashy part of the surface of the collected straw that is difficult to heat with microwave energy

Therefore, heat is generated from inside and outside of the set straw, and the whole set is uniformly and simultaneously heated, so that the temperature can be raised to a required temperature in a short time and surely.
As a result, harmful substances can be effectively killed and removed.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a device for killing and removing harmful substances such as disease-causing bacteria and pests attached to straw such as rice, wheat, and grass, and collecting straw or cutting or crushing straw. A large number of gathered straw pieces collected and formed in a predetermined size are provided, and a microwave heating furnace for sequentially heating the gathered straw articles is provided.The microwave heating furnace has a conveying unit for sequentially transporting the gathered straw articles. And heating means for projecting microwave energy for heating from inside the gathered straw and steam energy or hot air energy for heating from the outside of the gathered straw to raise the temperature of the gathered straw. We propose a device for killing and removing harmful substances such as rice straw, which is characterized by the following.

This harmful substance killing / removing device can automatically kill and remove harmful substances from straw using microwave energy.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a device for killing and removing harmful substances such as pathogenic fungi and pests attached to straws such as rice, wheat, and pasture. A first and second heating furnaces are provided for collecting and forming a set of straw pieces of a predetermined size, and sequentially putting the collected straw articles into the first heating furnace, and projecting microwave energy to the first heating furnace to collect the straw pieces. A heating means for heating from the inside of the object, a heating means for projecting steam energy or hot air energy to the second heating furnace and heating from outside the gathered straw object heated in the first heating furnace; We propose a device for killing and removing harmful substances such as rice straw, characterized by the following.

In this harmful substance killing and removing apparatus, microwave energy is projected onto the gathered straw in the first heating furnace, and the gathered straw is heated to a temperature required for sterilization and insecticide (for example, 86 ° C. or higher). Then, the collected straw is transferred to the second heating furnace, and steam energy or hot air energy is projected. In the second heating furnace, the temperature of the gathered straw material raised in the first heating furnace is maintained for a predetermined time, and the outside of the gathered straw material is heated to kill and remove harmful substances.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the apparatus for killing or removing harmful substances according to any one of the first, second, and third aspects, the collected straw is heated to a temperature of 86 ° C. or more in the heating furnace. The present invention proposes a device for killing and removing harmful substances such as rice straw, which is provided with a heating means for heating and maintaining the temperature of the collected straw for at least 4 minutes.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the apparatus for killing and removing harmful substances according to the first or second aspect of the present invention, the temperature of the collected straw is raised to 70 ° C. or a temperature around 70 ° C. by a heating means. Stop projecting wave energy,
Harmful substances, such as rice straw, characterized in that the temperature is raised to sterilization and insecticidal temperatures by projecting the temperature rising characteristics of the collected straw and steam energy or hot air energy, and the collected straw is held for a predetermined time. We propose a killing and removing device.

In this harmful substance killing / removing device, the temperature of the collected straw is raised to approximately 70 ° C. by the heating means, and thereafter, the projection of the microwave energy is stopped to save power consumption. After stopping the irradiation of the microwave energy, the temperature is raised to a temperature (86 ° C.) or more necessary for killing and removing harmful substances by the action of raising the temperature of the collected straw and projecting the steam energy or the hot wind energy. The temperature of the collected straw is maintained for a predetermined time (4 minutes or more) to kill and remove harmful substances.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the harmful substance killing / removing apparatus according to the third aspect of the present invention, the collected straw is heated to a temperature of 70 ° C. or a temperature around 70 ° C. in the first heating furnace. A harmful substance such as rice straw, wherein the temperature is raised to a sterilization and insecticidal temperature by the temperature rising characteristics of the collected straw and steam energy or hot air energy, and the temperature of the collected straw is maintained for a predetermined time. We propose a killing and removing device.

This harmful substance killing / removing device is intended to save power consumption, and kills and removes harmful substances in the same manner as the harmful substance killing / removing device of the fifth invention.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first, second, and third harmful substance killing and removing apparatuses,
Collected straw materials are collected and tied up with a band to form a bundle of straw of a predetermined size, or cut or crushed straw is collected to form a block, or cut or crushed straw is formed into a net bag or the like. We propose a device for killing and removing harmful substances such as rice straw, which is formed as a block in a bag.

The seventh aspect of the present invention is an example of forming a set of straw pieces. A predetermined straw bundle, or cut or crushed straw is formed into a block, or cut or crushed straw is placed in a net bag and the block of aggregated straw is heated in that form to kill and remove harmful substances. It is convenient for handling, transporting and using straw. It should be noted that the set straw can be formed into various shapes and sizes, and the present invention is not limited to the form of the set straw according to the seventh invention.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the harmful substance killing / removing device according to any one of the first, second and third aspects described above, the collected straw is a straw bundle formed by collecting straw and press forming. Alternatively, there is proposed an apparatus for killing and removing harmful substances such as rice straw, which is obtained by collecting cut or crushed straw to form a pressure-formed straw block.

As described above, the straw bundle and the pressurized straw block are also heated using the microwave energy, so that the entire straw bundle and the straw block are uniformly heated.

[0031]

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a mechanism diagram of a harmful substance killing / removing device configured to sterilize and kill rice straw by a microwave heating furnace.

As shown, the heating furnace 11 includes an in-furnace conveyor (transporting means) 13 for transporting a straw block 12, and the heating furnace 11 includes a microwave oscillator 14.
a to 14l. In addition, the straw block 12 is a set of square blocks obtained by cutting or crushing rice straw into a predetermined length and compressing and forming the cut or crushed straw.

The microwave oscillators 14a to 14f irradiate microwaves from above the in-furnace conveyor 13 via waveguides, and the microwave oscillators 14a to 141 below the in-furnace conveyor 13 via waveguides. Irradiate microwaves along the conveying path of the straw block 12.

A steam supply pipe 15 is provided inside the heating furnace 11 along the moving direction of the in-furnace conveyor 13. This steam supply pipe 1
Numeral 5 injects steam supplied from the boiler 16 from its outlet, and projects the steam on the straw block 12 through a hole (or gap) provided in the in-furnace conveyor 13.

Further, a filter 17 having a rotary structure is provided at the entrance of the heating furnace 11, and the straw blocks 12 sent from the carry-in conveyor 18 are sequentially sent into the furnace.
Similarly, a filter 19 having a rotary structure is provided at the carry-out port of the heating furnace 11, and the straw blocks 12 sent from the in-furnace conveyor 13 are sequentially sent to the carry-out conveyor 20.

The filters 17 and 19 have a microwave leakage preventing function for blocking microwaves emitted from the inside of the heating furnace 11 to the outside.

Next, the operation of the harmful substance killing / removing device will be described. First, rice straw is cut or crushed to a predetermined length, and the cut straw or crushed straw is compression-formed to form a large number of straw blocks 12 having a rectangular block of a predetermined size. Then, the straw block 12 is placed on the carry-in conveyor 18 and sequentially sent to the filter 17, and is sent to the in-furnace transfer conveyor 13 by the rotation of the filter 17.

The straw block 12 thus transferred to the in-furnace conveyor 13 is irradiated with microwaves supplied from the microwave oscillators 14a to 14f while being transported in the heating furnace 11, and Steam is projected from the steam supply pipe 15.

Thus, while each straw block 12 moves from the entrance to the exit of the heating furnace 11 toward the exit, it is heated from the inside by the irradiation of microwaves and from the surface of the straw block by steam. . As a result, the temperature of the straw block 12 is uniformly increased as a whole.

When the heated straw block 12 thus heated and reaches the carry-out port, it is transferred to the carry-out conveyor 20 by the rotation of the filter 19 and is sent out by the carry-out conveyor 20. In addition, the temperature of the straw block 12 sent out from the unloading conveyor 20 is lowered by natural cooling.

This harmful substance killing / removing apparatus is composed of a heating furnace 11
Within that, the temperature of the straw block was raised to 86 ° C or higher, and
Hold straw block temperature for at least 4 minutes.

Since the straw block 12 is heated from the inside by the microwave and from the outer surface by the steam, the temperature rise in the inside is delayed as compared with the temperature rise in the outer surface.

Therefore, the inside and outside of the straw block 12 is 8
Since a predetermined heating time is required to reach a uniform temperature of 6 ° C., the straw block temperature (8
(6 ° C.) for more than 4 minutes, it is necessary to continue microwave and steam projection and heat.

That is, in the heating furnace 11, the straw block 1
During the heating time for raising the temperature of the whole 2 to a temperature of 86 ° C. and the holding time for maintaining the straw block temperature (86 ° C.) for 4 minutes, microwaves and steam are projected onto the straw block 12 to continue heating. By this heat treatment, the germs and pests adhering to the straw of the straw block 12 can be reliably killed and removed.

Since it is difficult to precisely maintain the temperature of each straw block 12 at 86 ° C. and to maintain the temperature for exactly 4 minutes, in practice, the temperature of the straw The temperature is raised to 86 ° C. or higher, and the temperature is maintained for 4 minutes or longer.

The present invention can be carried out as follows. The temperature of the straw block 12 whose temperature has increased has a characteristic of increasing the temperature by the temperature increasing action even when the heating is stopped.

Therefore, in the heating furnace 11, the straw block 1
For example, even if the microwave projection is stopped when the temperature reaches 70 ° C. without raising the temperature of the straw 2 to 86 ° C., the straw block 12 rises to a temperature of 86 ° C. or more by the temperature increasing action.

From this, in the heating furnace 11, when the straw block temperature reaches, for example, 70 ° C., the microwave irradiation is stopped, and then the straw block temperature is maintained for a predetermined time while continuing the steam projection. .

In this case, it is necessary to allow for the temperature rise time due to the action of raising the temperature of the straw block 12 in the temperature keeping time. Therefore, the time for keeping the straw block temperature is not longer than 4 minutes, and is longer. Set the temperature holding time.

By carrying out in this manner, the amount of power of the microwave can be reduced, and similarly to the above, the germs and pests adhering to the straw of the straw block 12 can be reliably killed and removed.

Further, the present invention can be carried out as follows. A first heating furnace for microwave heating and a second heating furnace for steam heating are provided. Then, in the first heating furnace, the straw block 12 is heated to a temperature of 86 ° C. or higher by microwave irradiation, and the straw block 12 is transferred to the second heating furnace.

In the second heating furnace, the straw block 12 is kept at a temperature of 86 ° C. or more while projecting steam, and is kept for 4 minutes or more. Even in this manner, the germs and pests attached to the straw in the straw block 12 can be killed and removed as described above.

When the first heating furnace and the second heating furnace are provided as described above, and the heating action of the straw block 12 is used, the straw block 12 is heated to, for example, 70 ° C. in the first heating furnace. Let it warm. However, it is necessary to set the temperature holding time in the second heating furnace to a holding time that allows for the temperature rise time of the straw block 12.

The harmful substance killing / removing device for heating the straw block by projecting the microwave and the steam has been described above. However, a configuration in which the hot air is projected instead of the steam can be used.

That is, in the case of the harmful substance killing / removing apparatus shown in FIG. 1, hot air is sent into the heating furnace 11, microwaves and hot air are projected onto the straw block 12 to heat it, and the temperature of the straw block is set to a predetermined value. It is configured to hold time.

When the apparatus is implemented as in the apparatus for killing and removing harmful substances shown in FIG. 1, a shutter mechanism is provided at the entrance and exit of the heating furnace 11, and the transportation of the straw block 12 is temporarily stopped during heating. This configuration is advantageous for miniaturization of the device configuration. In addition, this invention is a batch type
It can also be implemented as a removal device.

Further, the present invention can also kill and remove harmful substances by using a straw bundle instead of the straw block 12, and can adhere to wheat straw, grass straw, etc. in addition to rice straw. Diseases and harmful insects can be killed and removed in the same manner as described above, and other harmful substances can be removed together with the disease and harmful insects attached to the straw.

In practicing the present invention, a straw bundle and a straw block are formed as a set of straw pieces. The set of straw pieces may have various shapes and sizes.

[0059]

As described above, the apparatus for killing and removing harmful substances according to the present invention irradiates microwave energy to heat the collected straw from the inside and projects steam energy or hot wind energy to collect the straw. Since the surface of the object is heated, the temperature inside and outside the gathered straw object can be uniformly increased to a temperature necessary for killing and removing the harmful substance, and the harmful substance can be killed and removed.

Further, microwave energy and water vapor energy, or microwave energy and hot wind energy
The heating time of the straw can be sufficiently shortened by heating in combination with
It becomes a removal device.

In particular, according to the present invention, heat treatment as a straw bundle or straw block convenient for handling, transportation, and use to kill harmful substances such as rice straw, which can surely kill and remove harmful substances.・ It becomes a removal device.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a mechanism diagram of an apparatus for killing and removing harmful substances of rice straw shown as one embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Heating furnace 12 Straw block 13 In-furnace conveyor 14a-14f Microwave oscillator 15 Steam supply pipe 16 Boiler 17 Filter 18 Carry in conveyor 19 Filter 20 Carry out conveyor

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) A61L 2/06 A61L 2/06 G F-term (Reference) 2B121 AA12 AA20 DA18 DA43 2B150 AA02 AB10 BD01 BD05 BE01 BE02 BE03 CA11 4C058 AA30 BB04 BB05 BB06 KK04

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. An apparatus for killing and removing harmful substances such as pathogenic fungi and pests attached to straw such as rice, wheat, and pasture, wherein the straw is collected or cut or crushed straw is collected to a predetermined size. A heating furnace is provided for forming a set of straw pieces and heating the straw pieces therein. The heating furnace includes microwave energy for heating from inside the straw pieces and heating from the outside of the straw pieces. An apparatus for killing and removing harmful substances such as rice straw, comprising heating means for projecting steam energy or hot wind energy to raise the temperature of the collected straw. 2. A device for killing and removing harmful substances such as pathogenic fungi and pests attached to straws such as rice, wheat and pasture, wherein the straws are collected or cut or crushed straws are collected to a predetermined size. A plurality of straw pieces formed in this manner are provided, and a microwave heating furnace for sequentially heating the straw pieces is provided.The microwave heating furnace has a conveying means for sequentially transporting the straw pieces, Microwave energy to heat from inside and water vapor energy to heat from outside of aggregated straw
Or a device for killing and removing harmful substances such as rice straw or the like, comprising a heating means for projecting hot wind energy to raise the temperature of the collected straw. 3. A device for killing and removing harmful substances such as pathogenic fungi and pests attached to straw such as rice, wheat and pasture, wherein the straw is collected or cut or crushed straw is collected to a predetermined size. A first and a second heating furnace are provided for forming a set of straw pieces and sequentially placing and heating the set straw pieces. The first heating furnace is irradiated with microwave energy to heat the inside of the set straw pieces. And heating means for projecting steam energy or hot air energy to the second heating furnace and heating from outside the gathered straw heated by the first heating furnace. Equipment to kill and remove harmful substances such as rice straw. 4. The apparatus for killing and removing harmful substances according to claim 1, wherein the collected straw is heated to a temperature of 86 ° C. or more in a heating furnace, and the collected straw is collected. An apparatus for killing and removing harmful substances such as rice straw, comprising heating means for maintaining the temperature of the straw for at least 4 minutes. 5. The harmful substance killing / removing device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the temperature of the collected straw is raised to 70 ° C. or a temperature around 70 ° C. by a heating means, and then microwave energy is projected. Rice, wherein the temperature is raised to a sterilization and insecticidal temperature by projecting the temperature rising characteristics of the collected straw and steam energy or hot air energy, and the temperature of the collected straw is maintained for a predetermined time. Equipment to kill and remove harmful substances such as straw. 6. The apparatus for killing and removing harmful substances according to claim 3, wherein the temperature of the collected straw is raised to 70 ° C. or about 70 ° C. in a first heating furnace, and the temperature of the collected straw is raised in a second heating furnace. A device for killing and removing harmful substances such as rice straw and the like, wherein the temperature is raised to sterilization and insecticidal temperatures by temperature characteristics and steam energy or hot air energy and the collected straw temperature is maintained for a predetermined time. 7. The harmful substance killing / removing device according to claim 1, wherein the collected straw is collected as straw, tied with a band, and formed as a bundle of straw of a predetermined size. Or killing of harmful substances such as rice straw, wherein cut or crushed straw is collected and formed as a block, or cut or crushed straw is formed as a block in a bag such as a net bag. -Removal device. 8. The harmful substance killing / removing device according to claim 1, wherein the gathered straw is a straw bundle formed by collecting and pressing a straw or cut or crushed. A device for killing and removing harmful substances such as rice straw, wherein the straw is collected and formed into a pressurized straw block.