JPH09124238A - Guide rail for elevator and position detecting mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To increase the braking forces of brakes, and enhance the accuracy of position detection for a car and a counterweight. SOLUTION: A head part 14 at the tip end of a guide rail 9A is made a rolling surface for guide rollers 12A and 12B, and each recessed and projection surface is formed at both the sides of the head part 14 at its lower side. An optical position detector 15 is mounted one a car 1 while being faced to each recessed and projection surface 13. Light applied from the position detector 15 is received by the light receiving part of the position detector 15 so as to be converted into each electrical signal in response to the quantity of light. Based on each electrical signal, the traveling speed of the car 1 and a counterweight is computed, detection accuracy is thereby prevented from being degraded due to the slippage of the rollers.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a position detecting mechanism for detecting the vertical position of an elevator guide rail and a car or a counterweight vertically installed in an elevator hoistway.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In elevators, a method of directly raising and lowering a car with a linear motor has been developed in place of the driving method using a hoisting machine composed of a hoisting electric motor and a speed reducer which has been conventionally adopted. ing. This is for the following reasons.

In an elevator using a three-phase induction motor and a speed reducer, which have been conventionally used, a car 1 and a counterweight 2A are moved up and down as shown in a single lap type rope traction elevator of FIG. 10 (a). Hoisting machine 3
Since it is necessary to install the sheave and sheave 3a and the deflecting sheave 4A on the upper end of the hoistway 7A, in addition to the hoisting space of the car 1 and the counterweight 2A, the hoistway 7 in which the guide rail 9 is installed vertically is provided.
A machine room 5 must be provided above A.

Then, since the machine room 5 projects from the top floor of the building, especially in urban areas, in order to install the machine room 5 on the roof of the building, the machine room 5 must be installed because of the regulation of the north diagonal line of the sunshine right. It must be lowered or the elevator installation site must be located in a sunny area on the south side, which is a major constraint on the building construction.

Therefore, an elevator using a linear motor as shown in FIG. 10 (b) has been developed. In an elevator using this linear motor, the linear motor 6 is housed in the counterweight 2B, the reaction lot serving as the secondary conductor is passed through the center of the linear motor 6, and the linear motor 6 is driven by the thrust acting between them. It is possible to go up and down along the reaction lot.

Therefore, by driving the linear motor 6 to raise and lower the car 1 in a slipping manner via the main rope 8 for suspending the counterweight 2B and the deflecting sheave 4B, the conventional drive motor is used. The machine room 5 required by the existing elevator is no longer necessary, and the restrictions on the building due to the sunshine right can be avoided.

FIG. 11 is a partially enlarged plan view showing a detection unit for detecting the ascending / descending speed of such a car or counterweight of an elevator. In FIG. 11, a guide rail 9 is vertically installed inside the hoistway 7B along a wall 7a of the hoistway 7B via mounting brackets such as anchor bolts and rail retainers. On the left side of the head 9a of this guide rail 9,
Rollers 12 supported by roller supports (not shown) protruding from both sides of the upper and lower ends of the counterweight 2B shown in FIG. 10B are pressed.

A rotary shaft of a rotary encoder 10 for detecting the rotation of the roller 12 is connected to the roller 12 via a coupling (not shown). Also, on the left and right sides of the head portion 9a of the guide rail 9, the same counterweight 2B is provided.
Small-diameter guide rollers 12A supported by roller supports provided on both sides of the upper and lower ends are pressed. The guide roller 12B is also pressed against the top of the head portion 9a of the guide rail 9.

As a result, the counterweight is guided through the guide rollers 12A, 12B and the roller 12 to the guide rail 9
And is moved up and down the hoistway by the main rope 8 shown in FIG. 10 (b).

The counterweight or car that moves up and down the hoistway is controlled by the speed control circuit of the elevator control panel to which the speed detection signal from the rotary encoder 10 is input, within a predetermined range. Further, brakes, which will be described later with reference to FIG. 12, are provided adjacent to the guide rollers on the left and right of the upper and lower ends of the counterweight and the car.

[0011] This brake is used when the power supply is cut off due to a lightning strike on a distribution line that serves as a power source of a power receiving facility of a building or when the speed of a car descending a hoistway exceeds a predetermined value. Then, when the exciting current of the brake is turned off by the detection signal input from the encoder 10 shown in FIG. 11, the head of the guide rail is sandwiched from both sides by the restoring force of the brake spring.

FIG. 12 shows the guide roller 12A shown in FIG.
FIG. 12 is a partial plan view showing a state in which a pair of arms 11a of a brake 11 projecting above the guide rollers 12A and 12B adjacent to 12B are placed opposite to each other.

In FIG. 12, the opposing surface of the brake shoe 11b attached to the tip of the arm 11a of the brake 11 is
Both side surfaces of the head portion 9a of the guide rail 9 are opposed to each other with a predetermined gap G.

When the brake is demagnetized, the return spring described above causes the left and right arms 11a to move as indicated by the arrows, and the left and right brake shoes 11b cause the head portions 9a of the guide rails 9 to be squeezed from both sides. To have. Then, due to the friction between the brake shoes 11b and both side surfaces of the head 9a,
The counterweight and basket stop.

[0015]

However, the elevator speed detecting mechanism and the guide rail configured as described above have two problems. One of them is that both sides of the head portion 9a of the guide rail 9 are processed to be smooth in order to prevent the vibration generated by the rolling of the guide roller 12A and prevent the passengers in the car from feeling uncomfortable. Since it becomes smooth, the detection roller 12 may slip.

Then, the balance weight and the speed of the car cannot be accurately detected, so that the positioning accuracy of the car to the hall may be lowered or the positioning time may be lengthened. Further, even if the counterweight or the descending speed of the car exceeds a predetermined value, the braking operation time may be delayed if the detection is delayed.

Two of them are that, even if the brake is activated due to the smoothing of both side surfaces of the head portion 9a of the guide rail 9 described above, when the coefficient of friction with the brake shoe 11B decreases, the car There is a possibility that the traveling distance until the vehicle stops may be extended and the vehicle cannot be positioned at a predetermined position. Therefore,
An object of the present invention is to obtain an elevator guide rail and a position detection mechanism capable of detecting the ascending / descending speed of a car or counterweight and improving the braking performance of a brake.

[0018]

The elevator guide rail according to the present invention is characterized in that an uneven portion is formed adjacent to a rolling surface of a guide roller of a car or a counterweight.

The elevator guide rail according to the second aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the convex portions of the concave and convex portions are magnetized portions.

Further, in the elevator position detecting mechanism according to the third aspect of the present invention, the car or balance weight is provided with a guide rail having a concavo-convex portion adjacent to the rolling surface of the guide roller. It is characterized in that it is equipped with a position detector attached to the car and opposed to the uneven portion of the guide rail.

Further, the elevator guide rail according to a fourth aspect of the invention includes a light projecting portion for irradiating the concave and convex portions of the position detector with light, and a light receiving portion for receiving light reflected from the concave and convex portions. It is characterized by being an optical detector.

Further, in the elevator guide rail according to the fifth aspect of the invention, the detector is a magnetic detector.

According to the first and second aspects of the invention, the braking force of the brake is increased by increasing the friction coefficient between the brake shoe and the brake shoe.

Further, in the inventions according to claims 3 and 4, the position of the car or the counterweight is detected with high accuracy by the position detector which detects the uneven portion.

[0025]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of an elevator guide rail and position detecting mechanism of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a partial plan view showing a first embodiment of an elevator guide rail and a position detecting mechanism of the present invention, which corresponds to claims 1, 3 and 4, and corresponds to FIG. 11 shown in the prior art. It is a corresponding figure. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of the guide rail shown in FIG.

1 and 2 are different from FIG. 11 shown in the prior art in that the cross-sectional shape of the guide rail and the position detecting means are changed. That is, the guide rail 9A has smooth rolling surfaces formed on both sides of the head 14, and the concave and convex surfaces 13 are formed on both sides of the head 14 like the teeth of a rack. There is.

On the left side in FIG. 1 of the support metal fitting 1a provided on both sides of the upper end of the car 1, there is mounted a light source (not shown) and a position detector 15 having a light receiving surface on the right side. ing. The guide rollers 12A and 12B shown in FIG. 11 are similarly in contact with both sides and the top of the head 14 of the guide rail 9A.

In the guide rail and position detecting mechanism of the elevator thus constructed, for example, when the car 1 moves up and down the hoistway, the uneven surface 13 of the guide rail 9A from the light source of the projecting portion of the position detector 15 is used. The light emitted to
The light is reflected by the concave portion and the convex portion, received by the light receiving portion, and converted into a rectangular wave electric signal corresponding to the illuminance of the reflected light.

This electric signal is transmitted from a connection box provided at the lower end of the car or the counterweight, through a tail cord hanging from the hoistway to a speed detecting circuit of a control panel installed in the machine room at the upper end of the hoistway. Entered in.

Then, in this speed detection circuit, the number of peaks or troughs of the rectangular-wave-shaped electric signal is counted, the position of the car is calculated, and the speed of the car is compared with the position of the car input in advance. Control.

In the guide rail and position detecting mechanism of the elevator constructed as described above, the position of the car is detected by the reflected light of the uneven portion 13 formed on the guide rail, so that the uneven portion 13 having different light intensity is detected. Since the position of the car is calculated by the number of pulses of the reflected light of the peaks and the valleys, it is possible to eliminate the conventional risk of deterioration of the detection accuracy due to the slip of the roller.

In the above embodiment, the concave portion of the concave and convex portion 13 is coated with a black coating having a low surface reflectance so that the convex portion of the concave and convex portions 13 is always glossy by the shoe of the brake described later in FIG. The difference in the amount of reflected light may be increased.

FIG. 3 shows the guide rail 12A shown in FIG.
Brake 11 adjacent to 12B and facing guide rail 9A
FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the arm 11a of FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, uneven portions 13 are formed on both sides of the guide rail 9A.
When the brake is formed, the braking force of the brake can be increased by increasing the friction coefficient between the brake shoe 11b and the uneven portion 13 when the brake is operated.

Next, FIG. 4 is a partial perspective view showing a second embodiment of the elevator guide rail and position detecting mechanism of the present invention, and is a view corresponding to FIG. In FIG.
On the guide rail 9B, through holes 16a are continuously formed at equal intervals with respect to the convex portion 16, and black paint is applied to the inner circumferences of these through holes 16a.

Even when the guide rail 9B is formed in this way, the light emitted from the position detector 15 shown in FIG. 1 is transmitted through the through holes 16a and between the through holes 16a. By being reflected, a rectangular wave detection signal corresponding to the illuminance of these reflected lights is input to the speed control circuit of the control panel to control the speed of the car.

Next, FIGS. 5, 6 and 7 are partial perspective views showing a third embodiment of the guide rail and the position detecting mechanism of the elevator according to the present invention, and correspond to claims 2 and 5. 5 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. Further, FIG. 6 is a partial perspective view of FIG. 5 and is a view corresponding to FIGS. 2 and 4.

1 to 4 in FIGS. 5, 6 and 7.
The difference is that a magnetic force detector 18 is adopted as a detector and a rack-shaped permanent magnet 17 is fixed to the guide rail 9C.

That is, the guide rail 9C having a substantially T-shaped cross section has a rack-shaped permanent magnet with respect to the lower side of the head 14.
17 is fixed on both sides with flat head screws. This permanent magnet 17
6 is magnetized to the N pole on the left side and the S pole on the right side in FIG.

As described above, in the guide rail 9C having the permanent magnets 17 provided on both sides thereof, the magnetic field detector 18 is provided in opposition to the counterweight and the car frame so as to detect the magnetic field. Is converted into an electric signal and a rectangular wave detection signal is input to the control panel. Even in this case, the braking force can be increased by increasing the friction coefficient between the brake shoe and the guide rail 9C.

In FIG. 6, recesses corresponding to the length of the permanent magnets 17 are formed on both side surfaces of the guide rail 9C, and the vertical intervals of the recesses correspond to the rack-shaped recesses of the permanent magnets 17. By making them the same, the vertical force applied to the permanent magnets 17 during the operation of the brake can be reduced.
You may make it receive in the lower end of the recessed part of C. Further, instead of the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet 17, the convex portion of the uneven portion 13 of the guide rail 9A shown in FIG. 2 may be magnetized and replaced with the permanent magnet.

Next, FIG. 8 is a partial perspective view showing a fourth embodiment of the elevator guide rail and position detecting mechanism of the present invention, and is a view corresponding to FIGS. 2, 4 and 6. In this case, a rack-shaped uneven portion is formed on the head portion 13A of the guide rail 9D, and the lower side of the head portion 13A is the rolling portion 14A of the guide roller.

Also in this case, the position detector 15 shown in FIG. 1 is opposed to the head 13A to detect the ascending / descending speed of the car or the counterweight. Even in this case, the concavo-convex portion of the head 13A may be formed of a permanent magnet and the magnetic force detector 18 shown in FIG. 5 may detect the velocity.

Next, FIG. 9 is a view showing a fifth embodiment of the guide rail and the position detecting mechanism of the elevator of the present invention, and is a view corresponding to FIGS. 2, 4 and 8. In FIG. 9, the guide rails shown in FIGS. 2, 4 and 8 are
In both cases, the concavo-convex portion is formed integrally with the guide rail, whereas the rack-shaped attachment plate 19 is used.

In this case, the tightening holes formed in the attachment plate 19
The attachment plate 19 is firmly fixed to the guide rail 9E by press-fitting and tightening the reamer bolt into the tightening holes 9e formed in the guide rail 9E and 19a. In this case, there is an advantage that the manufacture is easier than the guide rails shown in FIGS.

[0045]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention,
By forming a concavo-convex portion adjacent to the rolling portion of the guide roller of the elevator, and according to the invention of claim 2, by using the convex portion of the concavo-convex portion as a magnetized portion, a car or a balance weight. It is possible to improve the detection accuracy of the position of
Since the coefficient of friction between the brake shoe and the brake shoe is increased to increase the braking force of the brake, it is possible to obtain an elevator guide rail that can improve the braking characteristics of the brake and the position detection accuracy of the car or counterweight. .

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the uneven portion is formed adjacent to the rolling surface of the guide roller, and the position detector opposed to the uneven portion of the guide rail is used as a counterweight or a car. According to the invention as set forth in claim 4, the position detector is an optical detector including a light projecting unit for irradiating the concave and convex portion with light, and a light receiving unit for receiving light reflected from the concave and convex portion. According to the invention of claim 5, the detector is a magnetic detector, so that the position of the car or the counterweight can be accurately determined by the position detector that detects the uneven portion. Since it is detected, it is possible to obtain the position detecting mechanism of the elevator which can detect the ascending / descending speed of the car or the counterweight and improve the braking characteristic of the brake.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial transverse cross-sectional view showing a first embodiment of an elevator guide rail and a position detection mechanism of the present invention.

2 is a partially enlarged perspective view of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the operation of the first embodiment of the elevator guide rail and the position detection mechanism of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged perspective view showing a second embodiment of the guide rails and the position detection mechanism of the elevator according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged perspective view showing a third embodiment of an elevator guide rail and a position detection mechanism of the present invention.

6 is a partially enlarged perspective view of FIG.

FIG. 7 is a partial transverse sectional view showing the operation of the third embodiment of the elevator guide rail and the position detection mechanism of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a partially enlarged perspective view showing a fourth embodiment of the elevator guide rail and the position detection mechanism of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a partially enlarged exploded perspective view showing a fifth embodiment of the elevator guide rail and the position detection mechanism of the present invention.

FIG. 10A is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a rope-type elevator in which a guide rail and a position detection mechanism of a conventional elevator are installed. (B) is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the linear elevator in which the guide rail and position detection mechanism of the conventional elevator were installed.

11 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of FIG. 10 showing a detection unit.

FIG. 12 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of FIG. 10, showing an opposed portion of the brake shoe.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Basket, 2A, 2B ... Balance weight, 3 ... Hoisting machine, 4
A, 4B ... That sheave, 5 ... Machine room, 6 ... Linear motor, 7A, 7B ... Hoistway, 8 ... Main rope, 9, 9A, 9B,
9C, 9D, 9E ... guide rail, 10 ... rotary encoder, 11 ... brake, 11a ... arm, 11b ... brake shoe, 12, 12A, 12B ... guide roller, 13 ... uneven surface,
13A, 14 ... Head, 15 ... Position detector, 16 ... Convex part, 17 ... Permanent magnet, 18 ... Magnetic force detector, 19 ... Addition plate.

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A guide rail for an elevator, wherein an uneven portion is formed adjacent to a rolling surface of a guide roller of a car or a counterweight vertically installed in a hoistway. 2. The guide rail for an elevator according to claim 1, wherein the convex portion of the uneven portion serves as a magnetized portion. 3. A guide rail having an uneven portion formed adjacent to a rolling surface of a guide roller of a car or a counterweight vertically installed in the hoistway, and a guide rail attached to the counterweight or the car. A position detecting mechanism for an elevator, which is provided with a position detector opposed to the uneven portion. 4. The position detector is an optical detector including a light projecting unit for irradiating the uneven portion with light and a light receiving unit for receiving the light reflected from the uneven portion. The elevator position detection mechanism according to claim 3. 5. The position detecting mechanism for an elevator according to claim 3, wherein the detector is a magnetic detector.