JPH09109653A - Vehicular air conditioner - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To decrease the number of temperature sensors, so as to reduce cost, by respectively detecting the initial outside air temperature and the initial room temperature by means of a duct sensor arranged in an air conditioning duct, and by performing air conditioning control on the basis of the transient outside air temperature and the transient room temperature estimated on the basis of them. SOLUTION: While a first timer is operated by a timer means 19, an outside air introducing port is opened by an initial outside air temperature detecting means 20, outside air is introduced into an air conditioning duct by operating a fan, and the initial outside air temperature is detected by a duct sensor 18. Similarly, while a second time is operated, an internal air introducing port is opened by an initial room temperature detecting means 23, and the initial room temperature is detected by the duct sensor 18. The transient outside air temperature is estimated from the initial outside air temperature by an outside air temperature estimating means 21, and the transient room temperate is estimated from the initial room temperature and the set temperature by a transient room temperature estimating means 24. The target blow-off temperature is calculated from respective estimated values by a target blow- off temperature calculating means 25, and respective control devices 27a to 27c, 29, 30 are controlled by a control means 26 according to the target blow-off temperature.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vehicle air conditioner having a duct sensor downstream of a cooling heat exchanger in an air conditioning duct for detecting the temperature of air passing through the cooling heat exchanger.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional vehicle air conditioner, there is one disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-20807. A vehicle air conditioner (cited example 1) according to this reference includes an inside air temperature sensor that detects an indoor temperature and an outside air temperature sensor that detects an outside air temperature, and sends a control signal of each control device to the inside air temperature sensor or the outside air temperature sensor. The correction is made according to the signal from the sensor. In this way, it is determined whether the introduced air is circulated from the vehicle interior or is taken from the vehicle exterior, and this determination determines whether the electrical control member of the electrical control member is related to the vehicle interior temperature or the vehicle exterior temperature. In order to correct the operating position, the vehicle interior temperature close to the target temperature can be obtained without driving the cooler.

Further, a vehicle air conditioner (cited example 2) disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 1-31523 discloses a temperature-sensitive element for detecting the temperature at or near the outlet side of a refrigerant evaporator (evaporator), a room temperature sensor, A first control device that has an outside air temperature sensor and controls frost formation on the evaporator by interrupting the operation of the refrigerant compressor; and a first control device that controls the opening degree of the air mix door and the rotation control of the blower. And a control unit for switching the output of the signal from the temperature sensitive element to the first control apparatus or the second control apparatus. Is output to the first control device when the start switch of the refrigerant compressor control system is on, and to the second control device when the start switch is off. As a result, the signal from the temperature sensitive element can also be used as control information for automatic temperature control, so that stable control can be realized.

[0004]

However, in the above cited reference 1, when the compressor is off, the temperature downstream of the evaporator is estimated from the inside air temperature sensor when the inside air is circulated and from the outside air temperature sensor when the outside air is introduced. Although it is not equipped with a duct sensor, it requires an inside air temperature sensor and an outside air temperature sensor, and requires a device for preventing freezing, resulting in an increase in cost.

In the second reference example, the duct sensor is used to prevent the evaporator from freezing in the compressor on mode, and is used to control the mix door and the like in the compressor off mode. The outside air temperature sensor and the inside air temperature sensor that detect the outside air temperature and the indoor temperature as factors are indispensable configurations,
This will increase costs.

[0006] Therefore, the present invention is to provide a vehicle air conditioner having a reduced function while reducing the number of sensors for temperature detection to reduce the cost.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, according to the present invention, an air conditioning duct, a blower arranged in the air conditioning duct, an inside air introduction port and an outside air introduction port opened on the most upstream side of the air conditioning duct, and these inside air An intake door that appropriately selects and opens an inlet and an outside air inlet, a cooling heat exchanger that is arranged in an air conditioning duct, and forms a cooling cycle with at least a compressor, a condenser, and an expansion valve, and this cooling heat exchanger. A heat exchanger for heating arranged on the downstream side of
Provided in the vicinity of the upstream side of the heating heat exchanger, the air that has passed through the cooling heat exchanger is split into air that passes through the heating heat exchanger and air that bypasses the heating heat exchanger, and a mix door, A vehicle air conditioner comprising at least a vent outlet, a differential outlet, and a foot outlet opening on the most downstream side of the air conditioning duct, and a mode door that appropriately selects and opens these outlets. A duct sensor is arranged on the downstream side of the heat exchanger for a given period, the compressor is turned off for a predetermined time after the engine is started, and the intake mode is set to the outside air introduction mode to detect the initial outside air temperature and the transient outside air is detected. The temperature is estimated, the intake mode is changed to the internal air circulation mode, the initial indoor temperature is detected by the duct sensor, and the transient indoor temperature is estimated. Ku even in making these estimated air conditioning control by the transient ambient temperature and transient room temperature (claim 1).

Therefore, according to the present invention, in the initial stage of starting, the intake mode is set to the outside air introduction mode for a predetermined time to introduce the outside air into the air conditioning duct, and this temperature is detected by the duct sensor to detect the transient outside air temperature. In addition, the intake mode is set to the internal air circulation mode for a predetermined time, the indoor air is introduced into the air conditioning duct, the transient indoor temperature is estimated by detecting this temperature by the duct sensor, and the estimated transient outdoor air temperature and Since the air conditioning control is performed according to the transitional room temperature and the target temperature in the vehicle compartment set by the temperature setting device, only one duct sensor needs to be provided, so that the above object can be achieved.

The present invention also provides an air-conditioning duct, a blower arranged in the air-conditioning duct, an inside air inlet and an outside air inlet opening on the most upstream side of the air conditioning duct, and these inside air inlet and outside air inlet. An intake door that is appropriately selected and opened, and a cooling heat exchanger that is arranged in the air-conditioning duct and that constitutes a cooling cycle together with at least a compressor, a condenser, and an expansion valve, and is arranged on the downstream side of this cooling heat exchanger. The heat exchanger for heating, which is provided near the upstream side of the heat exchanger for heating, and the air passing through the heat exchanger for cooling bypasses the air passing through the heat exchanger for heating and the heat exchanger for heating. The number of mix doors that divide into air, vent outlets, differential outlets and foot outlets that are opened on the most downstream side of the air conditioning duct, and mode doors that are opened by appropriately selecting these outlets are reduced. In a vehicle air conditioner that also comprises, when a ignition sensor and a duct sensor, which is arranged near the cooling heat exchanger of the air conditioning duct, detects the temperature of air passing through the cooling heat exchanger, A timer means having a first timer that starts at the same time and operates for a predetermined time, and a second timer having a second timer that operates after the first timer for a predetermined time, and the outside air introduction while the first timer operates. Open the mouth, operate the blower, stop the compressor, detect the initial outside air temperature by the duct sensor, and the transient outside air temperature from the initial outside air temperature detected by the initial outside air temperature detecting means. The outside air temperature estimating means for estimating the temperature, the temperature setting means for setting the target temperature in the vehicle compartment, and the inside air inlet opening while the second timer is operating. , The blower is operated, the compressor is stopped, and the initial indoor temperature detecting means for detecting the initial indoor temperature by the duct sensor, the initial indoor temperature detected by the initial indoor temperature detecting means, and the temperature setting means are set. A transient room temperature estimating means for estimating a transient room temperature from the target temperature, an outside air temperature estimated by the outside air temperature estimating means, and a target temperature set by the temperature setting means,
A target outlet temperature calculating means for calculating a target outlet temperature from the room temperature estimated by the transient room temperature estimating means and a control means for controlling each control device based on the target outlet temperature are provided. Claim 2).

Therefore, in the vehicle air conditioner according to the present invention, the outside air inlet is opened (the intake mode is set to the outside air introduction mode) by the initial outside air temperature detecting means while the first timer is operating by the timer means. , The blower is operated to introduce the outside air into the air conditioning duct, and the duct sensor detects the temperature of the outside air as the initial outside air temperature. Then, the outside air temperature estimating means estimates the transient outside air temperature from the initial outside air temperature. Further, while the second timer is operating by the timer means, the inside air inlet is opened by the initial indoor temperature detecting means (the intake mode is set to the inside air circulation mode), and the blower is operated to introduce the inside air into the air conditioning duct. Then, the duct sensor detects the temperature of the inside air as the initial room temperature. Then, the transient room temperature estimating means estimates the transient room temperature from the initial room temperature and the set temperature set by the temperature setting means. Then, the target outlet temperature calculation means calculates the target outlet temperature based on the estimated indoor temperature, the estimated outside air temperature, and the set temperature, and the control means controls each control device based on the calculated target outlet temperature. Since the indoor temperature and the outside air temperature can be estimated by performing the control, the above problem can be achieved because only one duct sensor needs to be provided.

The outside air temperature estimating means is the first air temperature estimating means.
The temperature detected by the duct sensor within the operating time of the timer is estimated as the outside air temperature (claim 3). This is because when the target outlet temperature is calculated, the influence of the outside air temperature on the target outlet temperature is small compared to the influence of other factors, the set temperature, or the indoor temperature, so the change in the outside air temperature is ignored. Also, the air conditioning feeling is not significantly impaired, and the process of estimating the outside air temperature can be simplified.

Still further, the outside air temperature estimating means may be configured to change the transient outside air temperature based on the expected change characteristic of the outside air temperature based on the initial outside air temperature detected by the duct sensor within the operating time of the first timer and the elapsed time thereafter. Is estimated (claim 4). This is to experimentally or theoretically set an expected change characteristic of the outside air temperature with time, and estimate the transient outside air temperature by the change rate or the change rate calculated from the expected change characteristic and the elapsed time.
Furthermore, the outside air temperature can be estimated with considerable accuracy by including the change state of the outside air temperature with time as an inferring factor.

Further, the transient room temperature estimating means determines the transient room temperature based on the expected change characteristic of the room temperature based on the initial room temperature detected by the duct sensor within the operation time of the second timer and the elapsed time thereafter. It is estimated (claim 5). This is because the cooling operation or the heating operation can be discriminated by the initial room temperature, and the cooling capacity and the heating capacity of the vehicle air conditioner itself can be experimentally or theoretically calculated. And the transition of the temperature change can be determined by experiments. Therefore,
The transient room temperature can be estimated according to the predicted change characteristic of the room temperature obtained by this.

Further, the transient room temperature estimating means estimates the transient room temperature from the initial room temperature along a characteristic line asymptotically approaching a set temperature set by the temperature setting means with a predetermined time constant. It may exist (Claim 6). Since this is basically control for the air conditioning control to reach the set temperature, the change in the vehicle interior temperature can be represented by a characteristic line with a predetermined time constant that gradually approaches the initial room temperature toward the set temperature. It is possible to estimate the indoor temperature from this characteristic line and the elapsed time.

Further, it is desirable that the blower is operated at a low speed while the timer means is in operation (claim 7). This enables accurate detection by the duct sensor, and prevents occupant discomfort caused by blowing out a large amount of air that is not conditioned.

It is desirable to set the blowing mode to the defrost mode while the timer means is operating. As a result, it is possible to avoid the air that is not conditioned from directly hitting the occupant, so that the air conditioning feeling can be improved.

[0017]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a vehicle air conditioner 1 according to the present invention has an air conditioning duct 2, a blower (fan) 3 arranged in the air conditioning duct 2, and the uppermost stream of the air conditioning duct 2. Inside air inlet 4 and outside air inlet 5 opening to the side
And an intake door 6 that selectively opens the inside air introduction port 4 and the outside air introduction port 5 and a cooling that is arranged in the air conditioning duct 2 and constitutes a cooling cycle 10 together with at least the compressor 7, the condenser 8, and the expansion valve 9. Heat exchanger (evaporator) 11, heating heat exchanger (heater core) 12 arranged downstream of the evaporator 11, and air provided through the evaporator 11 provided in the vicinity of the upstream side of the heater core 12. Mix door 13 that splits air that passes through 12 and air that bypasses heater core 12, vent outlet 14, differential outlet 15 and foot outlet 1 that open at the most downstream side of air conditioning duct 2.
6 and a mode door 17 that opens by appropriately selecting these outlets 14, 15, and 16.

Further, the vehicle air conditioner 1 is arranged near the evaporator 11 of the air conditioning duct 2, and a duct sensor 18 for detecting the temperature of the air passing through the evaporator 11 and an ignition switch are turned on. A timer means 19 having a first timer which starts at the same time and operates for a predetermined time, and a second timer which operates following the first timer for a predetermined time, and the outside air while the first timer operates. An initial outside air temperature detecting means 20 for opening the inlet 5 (setting the intake mode to the outside air introduction mode), operating the fan 3, stopping the compressor 7, and detecting the initial outside air temperature by the duct sensor 18.
An outside air temperature estimating means 21 for estimating a transient outside air temperature from the initial outside air temperature detected by the initial outside air temperature detecting means 20, a temperature setting means 22 for setting a target temperature in the vehicle compartment, and the second timer. During operation, the inside air introduction port 4 is opened, the fan 3 is operated, the compressor 7 is stopped, and the initial indoor temperature detecting means 23 for detecting the initial indoor temperature by the duct sensor 18, and the initial indoor temperature detection. Transient room temperature estimation means 24 for estimating the transient room temperature from the initial room temperature detected by the means 23 and the target temperature set by the temperature setting means 22.
And a target for calculating a target outlet temperature from the outside air temperature estimated by the outside air temperature estimating means 21, the target temperature set by the temperature setting means 22, and the indoor temperature estimated by the transient room temperature estimating means 24. The blowout temperature calculating means 25 and the control means 26 for controlling each of the control devices 27a, 27b, 27c, 29, 30 based on the target blowout temperature are provided.

The duct sensor 18 is usually disposed near the downstream side of the evaporator and detects the temperature of the air passing through the evaporator 11. The evaporator downstream side temperature Te prevents the evaporator 11 from freezing. On / off control is executed.

Further, in the vehicle air conditioner 1, as the control device, a motor actuator 27 for operating the intake door 5, the mix door 13 and the mode door 17.
a, 27b, 27c, a motor 29 of the fan 3, an electromagnetic clutch 30 for operating the compressor 7, and a control unit (C / C) including a control means 26 for controlling these control devices 27a, 27b, 27c, 29, 30.
U) 32 is provided.

The control unit 26 includes a central processing unit (CPU), a random access memory (RAM), a read only memory (ROM), an input / output port (I / O), a drive circuit, a multiplexer (MP) which are not shown.
X), an A / D converter, etc., and a signal from the duct sensor 18 and a setting signal from the operation panel 28 described below are input.

The operation panel 28 has an up switch 22a.
And a temperature setting device 22 as the temperature setting means, a down switch 22b, a fan switch (FAN) 28a for manually setting the air volume of the fan, and a mode switch (MODE) 2 for manually setting the blowing mode.
8b, an air conditioner switch (A / C) 28c that manually turns on the compressor, an off switch (OFF) 28d that stops the operation of the vehicle air conditioner 1, and an inside air circulation switch that manually sets or releases the intake mode to the inside air circulation mode. (REC) and a display unit 28e that displays the setting status of the vehicle air conditioner 1. Further, in the cooling cycle 10, a receiver tank 31 is arranged between the evaporator 11 and the compressor 7.

In the air conditioner 1 for a vehicle having the above-described structure, while the first timer is operating by the timer means 19, the outside air inlet port 5 is operated by the initial outside air temperature detecting means 20.
Open (Set intake mode to outside air introduction mode)
Then, the fan 3 is operated to introduce the outside air into the air conditioning duct 2, and the duct sensor 18 detects the temperature of the outside air as the initial outside air temperature. Further, while the second timer is operated by the timer means 19, the initial room temperature detecting means 23
The inside air introduction port 4 is opened (the intake mode is set to the inside air circulation mode), the fan 3 is operated to introduce the inside air into the air conditioning duct 2, and the duct sensor 18 detects the temperature of the inside air as the initial indoor temperature. To do. The above operation is hereinafter referred to as the standby mode 100.

Then, the outside air temperature estimating means 21 estimates the transient outside air temperature from the initial outside air temperature, and the transient room temperature estimating means 24 calculates the transient indoor temperature from the initial room temperature and the set temperature set by the temperature setting means. presume. Then, the target outlet temperature calculation means 25 is based on the estimated indoor temperature, the estimated outside air temperature, and the set temperature.
The target outlet temperature is calculated by the control means 26, and the control means 26 controls the respective control devices 27a, 27b, 27c, 29, 30 based on the calculated target outlet temperature.

As a result, when the fan 6 is operated with the air volume set based on the target outlet temperature or the air volume manually set, the intake mode (outside air introduction mode, mixing mode or The inside air (air inside the vehicle), the air-fuel mixture, or the outside air is sucked from the inlet selected by the inside air circulation mode). The sucked air is cooled by passing through the evaporator 11 that is cooled by the operation of the compressor 7, and the heater core 1 is cooled at a rate determined by the opening degree of the mix door 13 set by the target outlet temperature.
The air that passes through the heater core 12 and the air that bypasses the heater core 12 are split. Then, the air mixed downstream of the heater core 12 and brought to a desired temperature blows out into the vehicle interior from the target outlet temperature or manually selected outlets 14, 15, 16 to control the temperature in the vehicle interior. is there.

The operation of the vehicle air conditioner 1 according to the present invention will be described below with reference to a flow chart.

The flow chart shown in FIG. 3 is a calculation flow chart of the target outlet temperature X _M. This flow chart constitutes a part of the control program executed in the control unit 32, and is periodically executed by a timer interrupt or jump instruction.

This target outlet temperature X _M calculation is performed immediately after the ignition switch (switch for starting the engine of the vehicle in which the vehicle air conditioner 1 is mounted) is turned on in step 90 (Ig ON
The first time) is determined. In this determination, if it is determined that this flowchart is executed immediately after the ignition switch is turned on, the process proceeds to the standby mode of step 100, and if it is not immediately after the ignition is turned on, the stun pie mode of step 100 is bypassed and step 190 is performed. Proceed to.

The standby mode 100 is shown in the flowchart of FIG. 4, and the timer T ₁ (first timer) is started in step 110. Then, the routine proceeds to step 120, where the compressor 7 is stopped (COMP
OFF) and change the intake mode to the outside air introduction mode (I
NTAKE FRE), the fan 3 is set to low speed operation (FAN LOW), and the blowout mode is set to defrost mode (MODE DEF). As a result, outside air can be introduced into the air conditioning duct 2, and this state is continued until the timer T ₁ times out in step 130 (10 seconds in this embodiment).
Then, in step 140, the evaporator downstream temperature Te detected by the duct sensor 18 during the operation of the timer T ₁ is set to the initial outside air temperature T _AM (0).

In step 150, timer T ₂ (second timer) is started following timer T ₁ . Then, the process proceeds to step 160, the compressor 7 is stopped (COMP OFF), the intake mode is set to the internal air circulation mode (INTAKE REC), and the fan 3
Is set to a low speed operation (FAN LOW), and the blowing mode is set to a defrost mode (MODE DEF). As a result, the inside air (air inside the passenger compartment) can be introduced into the air conditioning duct 2, and this state is continued until the timer T ₂ times out in step 170 (10 seconds in this embodiment). Then, in step 180, the evaporator downstream temperature Te detected by the duct sensor 18 while the timer T ₂ is operating is set to the initial outside air temperature T.
Set to _INC (0).

The operation of each control device in the standby mode 100 will be described with reference to the time chart of FIG. 5. The standby mode 100 starts when the ignition switch (IG SW) is turned on. The fan (FAN) 3 continues the low-speed operation between the first timer T ₁ and the second timer T ₂ , and if the manual mode is not set thereafter, the automatic operation mode (AUTO)
Move to

Intake mode (INTAKE)
Is within the first by the timer T ₁ times is set to the outside air introduction mode (FRESH), a second time names by the timer T ₂ is set to the inside air recirculation mode (REC), the second timer T ₂ is finished Then, the mode shifts to the automatic mode (AUTO).

The operation of the compressor 7 is stopped while the standby mode 100 is executed, and the automatic mode (AUT) is set at the same time when the second timer T ₂ is up.
O). This allows the duct sensor 18 to detect the temperature of the sucked air (inside air or outside air) as it is.

Further, the blowout mode (MODE) is set to the defrost mode (DEF) while the standby mode 100 is executed so that uncontrolled air does not directly hit the occupant.

As a result, the initial outside air temperature T _AM (0) and the initial indoor temperature T _INC (0) are set by the detected evaporator downstream temperature Te, and the target outlet temperature X _M for calculation shown in FIG. 3 is calculated. Return to the flowchart, step 190
Proceed to. In this step 190, the temperature setter 22
From the target temperature T _PTC set by the above and the initial room temperature T _INC (0), the transient room temperature T _INC is estimated by the following formula 1 and formula 2 described in the block of step 190.

[0037]

[Equation 1] T ₀ = T _INC (0)

[0038]

[Formula 2] T _INC = (T _PTC −T ₀ ) × (1−e ^{−t / T3} ) + T ₀

Specifically, the initial room temperature T
_{Let INC} (0) be T ₀ as a calculation factor, and set this initial room temperature T ₀ , target temperature T _PTC , and predetermined time constant (−t / T
The indoor temperature T
Calculate _INC and estimate this as the transient room temperature. This function is asymptotically, as shown in FIG. 12, for example.
_It shows the characteristics of approaching _PTC . In the mathematical expression 2, t indicates the elapsed time from the time of detection, and T3 is calculated by experiment from the environmental condition at that time (summer or winter, morning or day or night, high or low humidity, etc.). Is a constant.

As a result, the above equation 2 becomes a characteristic line as shown by A in FIG. 12 when the target temperature T _PTC is lower than the initial room temperature T ₀ , that is, during the cooling operation,
When the target temperature T _PTC is higher than the initial room temperature T ₀ ,
That is, the characteristic line as shown by B in FIG. 12 is obtained during the heating operation.

[0041] Thus, it is possible to calculate from Equation 2 by the elapsed time t transient room temperature T _INC ever-changing, the change in the transient chamber temperature T _INC is as shown in FIG. 12 for example.

In step 200, the transient outside air temperature T _AM is estimated from the initial outside air temperature T _AM (0). still,
In this step 200, the initial outside air temperature T _AM (0)
Is set as the transient outside air temperature T _AM as it is. this is,
In the calculation of the target outlet temperature X _{M described} below, the outside air temperature T
_Since the influence of _AM is smaller than other factors (set temperature and indoor temperature), the initial outside air temperature T _AM (0) is used as it is.

However, for the transient outside air temperature T _AM , the outside air temperature T _AM should be estimated according to the expected change characteristic of the change in the outside air temperature (for example, T _AM = F (t)) obtained experimentally or theoretically. Is desirable. This expected change characteristic is, for example, from early morning to 2 pm as shown in FIG.
There is a temperature rise characteristic line C up to time and a temperature fall characteristic line D from 2:00 pm to early morning, and the transient outside air temperature T _AM may be calculated directly from the characteristic diagram as this predicted change characteristic.

As another example of the expected change characteristic, the temperature change rate (ΔT _AM = dF (t) estimated from the above characteristic line.
/ Dt), the transient outside air temperature T _AM may be calculated. In FIG. 13, t ₁ is the detection time and t ₂ is the current time. Furthermore, it is also possible to set an expected change characteristic of the outside air temperature for one day and estimate the transient outside air temperature T _AM according to the estimated change characteristic.

In step 190 described above,
Was to calculate the transient room temperature T _INC by Equation 2, in accordance with the expected change in characteristics of the experimental or theoretically determined was room temperature, as shown in Figure 14, may estimate the transient room temperature T _INC It is a thing. The characteristic line E shows the expected decrease characteristic of the room temperature during the cooling operation, and the characteristic line F shows the expected increase characteristic of the room temperature during the heating operation.
In FIG. 14, t ₁ is the detection time and t ₂ is the current time.

Outside air temperature T estimated by the above means
_In step 210, the target blowout temperature X _M is defined by the following equation 3 using _AM , room temperature T _INC , and set temperature T _PTC.
Calculate by

[0047]

[Formula 3] X _M = K ₁ T _PTC −K ₂ T _AM −K ₃ T _INC

In this equation 3, K ₁ , K ₂ , K
₃ is a coefficient, and in this embodiment, K ₁ is 5,
K ₂ is 0.8 and K ₃ is 3.

After completion of step 210, the control program shifts to a program for controlling each control device, and each control device is basically controlled according to the control map shown in FIG.

To briefly explain this control map, the fan (FAN) 3 changes from a large air volume (Hi) to a low air volume (LOW) and a low air volume (L) in accordance with the target outlet temperature X _M.
It changes linearly from OW) to a large air volume (Hi), and when the target outlet temperature X _M is particularly low, it is the maximum air volume (MAX Hi) because rapid cooling is required. Also, mix door (MIX DOOR) 1
3 is the heater core 12 according to the target outlet temperature X _M.
Full cool position (F /
It changes from C) to the full hot position (F / H) where all the air passes through the heater core 12. further,
Intake door 6, in accordance with the target air temperature X _M,
Inside air circulation mode (REC), mixture mode (MID),
Or it changes with the outside air introduction mode (FRE),
The mode door 17 changes to a vent mode (VENT), a bi-level mode (BI-L), and a heat mode (HEAT).

The control of each air conditioner will be described more specifically above. The control of the fan (FAN) 3 is as shown in FIG. In the fan control 300, first, in step 302, it is determined whether or not the standby mode is set. If the fan control 300 is in the standby mode, the process proceeds to step 304, where the air volume is fixed to a low level (LOW), and the process proceeds to another control. . If it is determined in step 302 that the standby mode is not set, step 306
It is determined whether the off switch (OFF) 28d is turned on. If the off switch 28d is turned on, the process proceeds to step 308, and the fan 3 is stopped.

If it is determined in step 306 that the off switch 28d is not turned on, step 310 is performed.
Then, it is determined whether or not the fan switch 28a is turned on. In this determination, the fan switch 28a
If it is turned on, the process proceeds to step 312, and the fan 3 is operated at the air volume set by the fan switch 28a.
Is working. When the fan switch 28a is not turned on, the process proceeds to step 314,
Whether or not the blowout mode is the differential mode (DEF) is determined, and when it is determined that the differential mode is set, the routine proceeds to step 334, where the target blowout temperature X _{M is}
The voltage V _M applied to the motor 29 of the fan 3 is calculated based on the control map as described above, and the fan 3 is controlled. If it is determined that it is not in the differential mode, the process proceeds to step 316 to determine whether it is in the vent mode. If it is in the vent mode, the process proceeds to step 330 and immediately after the start of the fan 3 ( Immediately after the fan is started) is determined. In this determination, if it is not immediately after the start of the fan, the process proceeds to step 334 described above to perform the control by the control map, and if it is immediately after the start of the fan, the process proceeds to step 332 to set the voltage V _M applied to the motor 29. The voltage is raised to a predetermined voltage at a rate of 1 V / min.

If it is determined in step 316 that the vent mode is not set, step 31
If the difference between the target temperature T _PTC and the room temperature T _INC is equal to or more than a predetermined value (10 ° C), the process proceeds to step 32.
It is determined whether or not the estimated transient outside air temperature T _AM is 15 ° C or lower by proceeding to 0, and if it is 15 ° C or lower,
The voltage V _M applied to the motor 29 is increased to a predetermined voltage at a rate of 3 V / min, and when it is 15 ° C. or less, a predetermined time set in step 324 (TIME = K ₄ X
_M ) Fix the fan 3 to low air volume in step 326 (FA
N LOW), and after this time has elapsed, 0.5 V / min
The voltage V _M applied to the motor 29 is increased to a predetermined voltage at a rate of. If the difference between the target temperature T _PTC and the room temperature T _INC is not greater than or equal to the predetermined value (10 ° C.) in the determination of step 318, the process proceeds to step 330 and the same control as above is performed. In addition, K of the above formula
₄ is set to 0.9 in this embodiment and is obtained by experiment.

As a result, the fan control is fixed to a low air flow rate (LOW) in the standby mode, and in the automatic operation mode, when the blowout mode is set to the differential mode, it is not immediately after the fan is started in the vent mode. In this case, the target temperature T _PTC and the room temperature T are set in modes other than the differential and vent modes (bilevel and heat modes)
_When the temperature difference of _INC is within 10 ° C and it is not immediately after the fan is started, the control is performed according to the control map. If the temperature difference between the target temperature T _PTC and the room temperature T _INC is within 10 ° C and the fan has just been started in a mode other than the differential mode, the voltage V _M applied to the motor 29 is 1 V / m.
Control for increasing the ratio of in is executed. Furthermore, when the temperature difference between the target temperature T _PTC and the room temperature T _INC is 10 ° C or more in the modes other than the differential and vent modes and the estimated transient outside air temperature T _AM is lower than 15 ° C, the predetermined time After fixing the fan 3 to a low air volume (LOW), the applied voltage V _M is increased at a small increase rate (0.5 V / min), and the estimated transient outside air temperature T _AM is 15 ° C.
When it is higher, the voltage V _M applied to the motor 29 is increased at a large rate of change (3 V / min).

In the mix door control 340 shown in FIG.
In step 342, it is first determined whether the standby mode is set. In this determination, if it is in the standby mode, the routine proceeds to step 344, where it is fixed at the position immediately before the ignition switch was turned off last time. This is to prevent the mix door 13 from moving particularly, and is executed to prevent a change in the air volume due to the operation of the mix door 13. If it is determined in step 342 that the standby mode is not set, step 346 is proceeded to, and step 3
It is controlled according to the control map shown in the box of 46. This control map is basically the same as the control map shown in FIG. 6, except that this control map has a different rate of change with respect to the target outlet temperature X _M depending on the on / off state of the compressor 7. This is because when the compressor 7 is on, it is cooled in the evaporator 11, so in order to obtain the same temperature, the mix door 13
This is because it is necessary to control to open the.

In the mode door control 350 shown in FIG. 9, it is first determined in step 352 whether the mode is the standby mode. In this determination, if it is the standby mode, the routine proceeds to step 354, and the differential mode is set. If the mode is not the standby mode, the process proceeds to step 356, and it is determined whether the mode switch (MODE) 28b is turned on to execute the manual control (MUNUAL), and the manual control (manual mode) is performed. Is executed, the flow proceeds to step 358, and the blowout mode selected by the mode switch 28b is set. Further, when the automatic operation mode is set instead of the manual mode, the process proceeds to step 360 and the control by the control map is executed. As a result, in the case of the cooling mode, the vent mode (VENT),
In the heating mode, the heat mode (HEAT) and the bi-level mode (BI-L) are set in the middle.

In the intake door control 370 shown in FIG. 10, it is first determined in step 372 whether the mode is the standby mode. In this determination, in the case of the standby mode, the routine proceeds to step 374, the outside air introduction mode (FRE) is set at the time set by the first timer T ₁ , and set by the second timer T ₂ . The internal air circulation mode (REC) is set in time. If it is determined in step 372 that the mode is not the standby mode, the process proceeds to step 376 to determine whether the mode is the manual mode. If the mode is the manual mode, step 378 is executed.
Then, the inside air circulation mode selected by the inside air circulation switch 28f and the release thereof are set. If the manual mode is not set, the process proceeds to step 380, and it is determined whether or not the off switch (OFF) 28d is turned on. When it is determined in this determination that the off switch 28d is not turned on, the routine proceeds to step 382, where it is determined whether or not the operation of the compressor 7 is stopped (OFF). If it is determined in this determination that the compressor 7 is stopped, or if the off switch 28d is turned on in step 380 (when the air conditioning control is stopped), step 384
To the intake mode to the outside air introduction mode (FRES
H). When it is determined in step 382 that the compressor 7 is operating, the process proceeds to step 386, and the automatic operation control is executed based on the control map with the target outlet temperature X _M.

In the compressor control 390 shown in FIG. 11, first, in step 392, it is determined whether or not the mode is the standby mode. If it is determined in this determination that the mode is the standby mode, the process proceeds to step 394 and the control of the compressor 7 is stopped (OFF). Also,
In step 396 and step 398, if the off switch (OFF) 28d is turned on or the air conditioner switch (A / C) 28c is not turned on, the process proceeds to step 404 and the off (OFF) mode is set. In step 406, the operation of the compressor 7 is stopped. If it is determined in step 398 that the air conditioner switch 28d is turned on, step 4
The ON mode is set at 00, step 402
Then, the on / off control for preventing the freezing of the compressor 7 is executed by the evaporator downstream temperature Te constantly detected by the duct sensor 18.

As described above, when the standby mode is set, steps 120 and 160 in FIG.
Compressor 7, intake door 6,
The fan 3 and the mode door 17 can be set, and by operating a predetermined timer, one duct sensor 18 can detect the initial outside air temperature T _AM (0) and the indoor temperature T _INC (0). The air conditioning control can be performed using the outside air temperature T _AM and the indoor temperature T _INC estimated by a predetermined method from the outside air temperature T _AM (0) and the indoor temperature T _INC (0).

[0060]

As described above, according to the present invention, at the initial stage of starting, the intake mode is set to the outside air introduction mode for a predetermined time to introduce the outside air into the air conditioning duct, and this temperature is detected by the duct sensor. By estimating the outside air temperature, the intake mode is set to the inside air circulation mode for a predetermined time to introduce the indoor air into the air conditioning duct, and the duct sensor detects this temperature to estimate the indoor temperature. Since the air conditioning control is performed according to the outside air temperature, the room temperature, and the set temperature, only one duct sensor needs to be provided, so that the number of parts can be reduced and the cost can be reduced.

Further, since the transient outside air temperature and the indoor temperature are estimated by a predetermined method from the initial outside air temperature and the initial indoor temperature detected in the standby mode, the function is deteriorated as compared with the case of using a plurality of sensors. It can be significantly suppressed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram showing a specific configuration of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a configuration of a vehicle air conditioner according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a target outlet temperature calculation.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a standby mode.

FIG. 5 is a timing chart showing a control state of each control device in a standby mode.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a control map for controlling each control device according to a target blowout temperature.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing fan control.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a mixed door control.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing mode door control.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing intake door control.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing compressor control.

FIG. 12 is a characteristic diagram showing how the transient room temperature estimated by Equation 2 approaches a target temperature.

FIG. 13 shows an example of a characteristic diagram for estimating the outside air temperature.

FIG. 14 shows an example of a characteristic diagram for estimating the indoor temperature.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Vehicle Air Conditioner 2 Air Conditioning Duct 3 Fan 4 Inside Air Inlet 5 Outside Air Inlet 6 Intake Door 7 Compressor 8 Condenser 9 Expansion Valve 10 Cooling Cycle 11 Cooling Heat Exchanger (Evaporator) 12 Heating Heat Exchanger (Heater Core) 13 Mix door 14 Vent outlet 15 Differential outlet 16 Heat outlet 17 Mode door 18 Duct sensor 19 Timer means 20 Initial outside air temperature detecting means 21 Outside air temperature estimating means 22 Temperature setting means 23 Initial room temperature detecting means 24 Transient room temperature estimating means 25 Target outlet temperature calculation means 26 Control means

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. An air conditioning duct, a blower arranged in this air conditioning duct, an inside air introduction port and an outside air introduction port opened on the most upstream side of the air conditioning duct, and these inside air introduction port and outside air introduction port are appropriately selected. A heat exchanger for cooling that is placed in the air-conditioning duct and that forms a cooling cycle together with at least a compressor, a condenser, and an expansion valve, and heat for heating that is arranged downstream of the heat exchanger for cooling. The heat exchanger is provided in the vicinity of the upstream side of the heat exchanger for heating, and the air passing through the heat exchanger for cooling is split into air passing through the heat exchanger for heating and air bypassing the heat exchanger for heating. A mix door, a vent outlet opening on the most downstream side of the air conditioning duct, a differential outlet and a foot outlet,
In a vehicle air conditioner including at least a mode door that appropriately selects and opens these outlets, a duct sensor is arranged downstream of a cooling heat exchanger of an air conditioning duct, and a compressor is operated for a predetermined time after engine start. While in the off state, the intake mode is set to the outside air introduction mode, the duct sensor detects the initial outside air temperature to estimate the transient outside air temperature, and the intake mode is set to the inside air circulation mode to detect the initial indoor temperature by the duct sensor. An air conditioner for a vehicle, characterized by estimating a transient room temperature by performing air conditioning control according to at least these estimated transient outside air temperature and transient room temperature. 2. An air conditioning duct, a blower arranged in this air conditioning duct, an inside air introduction port and an outside air introduction port opened on the most upstream side of the air conditioning duct, and these inside air introduction port and outside air introduction port are appropriately selected. A heat exchanger for cooling that is placed in the air-conditioning duct and that forms a cooling cycle together with at least a compressor, a condenser, and an expansion valve, and heat for heating that is arranged downstream of the heat exchanger for cooling. The heat exchanger is provided in the vicinity of the upstream side of the heat exchanger for heating, and the air passing through the heat exchanger for cooling is split into air passing through the heat exchanger for heating and air bypassing the heat exchanger for heating. A mix door, a vent outlet opening on the most downstream side of the air conditioning duct, a differential outlet and a foot outlet,
In a vehicle air conditioner including at least a mode door that appropriately selects and opens these outlets, the air conditioner is disposed in the vicinity of the cooling heat exchanger of the air conditioning duct,
The duct sensor that detects the temperature of the air passing through the cooling heat exchanger and the ignition switch are started at the same time,
Timer means having a first timer that operates for a predetermined time and a second timer that operates after the first timer for a predetermined time; and while the first timer operates, the outside air inlet is opened. , Turn on the blower, stop the compressor,
An initial outside air temperature detecting means for detecting the initial outside air temperature by the duct sensor, an outside air temperature estimating means for estimating a transient outside air temperature from the initial outside air temperature detected by the initial outside air temperature detecting means, and a target temperature inside the vehicle compartment are set. While the temperature setting means and the second timer are operating, the inside air inlet is opened, the blower is operated, and the compressor is stopped.
An initial room temperature detecting means for detecting the initial room temperature by the duct sensor, a transient room temperature is estimated from the initial room temperature detected by the initial room temperature detecting means and the target temperature set by the temperature setting means. Transient room temperature estimation means, the outside air temperature estimated by the outside air temperature estimation means,
Target blowout temperature calculation means for calculating a target blowout temperature from the target temperature set by the temperature setting means and the room temperature estimated by the transient room temperature estimation means, and each control device based on the target blowout temperature. A vehicle air conditioner comprising: a control unit that controls the vehicle. 3. The vehicle according to claim 2, wherein the outside air temperature estimating means estimates the initial outside air temperature detected by the duct sensor within the operating time of the first timer as a transient outside air temperature. Air conditioner. 4. The outside air temperature estimating means estimates the transient outside air temperature based on the expected change characteristic of the outside air temperature based on the initial outside air temperature detected by the duct sensor within the operating time of the first timer and the elapsed time thereafter. The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 2, wherein the air conditioner is a vehicle air conditioner. 5. The transient room temperature estimating means estimates the transient room temperature based on the expected change characteristic of the room temperature based on the initial room temperature detected by the duct sensor within the operation time of the second timer and the elapsed time thereafter. The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 2, 3 or 4, wherein 6. The transient room temperature estimating means estimates the transient room temperature from the initial room temperature along a characteristic line that asymptotically approaches a set temperature set by the temperature setting means with a predetermined time constant. Claim 2, 3 or 4 characterized
An air conditioner for a vehicle as described in the above. 7. The blower is operated at a low speed while the timer means is in operation.
The vehicle air conditioner according to 4, 5, or 6. 8. The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 2, wherein the blowout mode is set to a defrost mode while the timer means is operating.