JPH09105051A - Dent in reed for weaving machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a dent in a reed for a weaving machine suitable for a great number of fibers from a natural fiber to a synthetic fiber and a new material fiber, excellent in durability, wear resistance and availability, coated through an intermediate film with a diamond-like carbon film. SOLUTION: A great number of dents comprising a metal thin plate such as a stainless steel thin plate as a base 24 are arranged at fixed intervals in the thickness direction mutually in parallel and fixed and retained by a frame constituted of a pair of parent dents at both right and left ends and a pair of upper and bottom edge metals. The dents are coated through an intermediate layer 26 composed of a film of a double layer structure comprising chromium or titanium as a lower layer and silicon as an upper layer with a diamond-like carbon film 28.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tail for a high-speed loom, and more particularly to a tail coated with a hard film for improving the wear resistance of the tail constituting the tail.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Oto, which is a part of a loom, is a machine for aligning the warp threads of a loom and pressing the weft threads to adjust the texture. A large number of combs made of thin metal plates are arranged at minute intervals. They are piled up in parallel and fixed by a frame body consisting of main feathers on the left and right ends and upper and lower rims. In high-speed looms, stainless steel feathers are generally used, but due to the speeding up of loom operation and the appearance of new material fibers, the consumption is severe, and the wear resistance of the feathers becomes a major issue. ing.

[0003] That is, the wear of the fluff causes fluffing of the woven fabric and the yarn breakage, and it takes a great deal of labor and cost to replace the fluff. Therefore, the durability of the fluff is determined as the work efficiency of the loom. It is the biggest factor in determining the cost. With woven fabric, there is a phenomenon called "weave shrinkage" in which the width of the woven fabric is narrower than the arrangement width of the warp threads. Acts,
The durability of this part determines the life span of the entire reed.

Therefore, in order to improve the durability of the comb, in particular, on the surface of the comb near both ends of the comb, a hard chrome plating film, a ceramic film of tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, titanium nitride or the like. (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 60-52658
No.), a chromium oxide film (JP 61-245346, US
It has been proposed to coat a hard film having excellent wear resistance such as No. 4822662).

[0005]

The hard chrome plating film is coated by electroplating, but its wear resistance is not sufficient, and there are problems in adhesion and corrosion resistance. Ceramic membrane is P
Although it is coated by a VD (physical vapor deposition) method, a CVD (chemical vapor deposition) method, a thermal spraying method, etc., there are problems in adhesion, softening of the base material due to high temperature treatment, and the like. The chromium oxide film is coated by a thermochemical method and is effective for polyester fibers, but not so effective for natural fibers and new material fibers.

[0006] The wear of the reed wing is a phenomenon in which the type of fiber, frictional force, vibration characteristics of the reed, etc. are complicatedly related, and a hard film having a high surface hardness does not always give good results. Are known. Therefore, although a hard film suitable for the type of fiber, the operating speed of the loom, and other conditions is adopted, it is recognized that the durability is improved by about 2 to 5 times as compared with the untreated stainless steel base material. Not too much.

[0007] Therefore, the present invention provides a large number of fibers ranging from natural fibers to synthetic fibers to new material fibers, with dramatically improved durability, at relatively low cost. It is intended.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, according to a basic aspect of the present invention, a large number of feather blades having a metal thin plate as a base material are arranged at predetermined intervals in the thickness direction thereof. Is a tuft in a weaving reed that is fixed and held by a frame body that is arranged in parallel with each other and that is formed by a pair of main feathers located at the left and right outermost ends and a pair of upper and lower rims. There is provided a fluffy feather characterized in that at least a part of the fluffy feather is covered with a diamond-like carbon film via an intermediate layer.

Further, according to the present invention, the base material in the above basic embodiment is a stainless steel thin plate, and at least a part of the stainless steel thin plate including a maximum wear portion where the diamond-like carbon film receives the most extreme friction. There is provided a ruby wing characterized by being coated with.

Further, according to the present invention, the intermediate layer in the above-mentioned basic embodiment has chromium or titanium as the lower layer,
There is provided a flax wing characterized by comprising a two-layer structure film having silicon as an upper layer, or a carbide film of titanium, zirconium, hafnium or the like.

Here, the DLC film used in the present invention is
It is an amorphous carbon film bonded with hydrogen, and is introduced in the following documents, for example. (A Review of Recent Work O
n Hard iC Films; LP Andersson; Thin solidFilm
s, 86 (1981) p. 193-p. 200) As an example of the method for forming the DLC film, plasma CVD treatment in a hydrocarbon gas atmosphere can be mentioned. DLC
The film has hardness second only to diamond, high thermal conductivity of about 5 times that of copper, and an extremely small friction coefficient. These features are used for sliding surfaces of machine parts. In addition, since it has a large tensile strength and a small internal friction, it realizes vibration characteristics suitable for audio equipment, and is therefore applied to speaker diaphragms and the like. There are still many unclear points regarding the behavior of the DLC film in the wear mechanism of the turf that is driven at high speed, but it is not only the fact that the surface hardness is high and the friction coefficient is small, but also the thermal conductivity and vibration characteristics. It is considered that this contributes to the improvement of the durability of the Moosa feathers.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a front view of a mandrel which is the subject of the present invention and the prior art. Reed 10 is a pair of upper and lower rims 1.
A large number of feather feathers 20 are fixed and held in parallel at a predetermined interval by a frame body 16 composed of 2 and a pair of main feathers 14 located at the left and rightmost ends. The comb 20 is a thin metal plate, and its planar shape is as shown in FIG. 2 or 3.

The tail feather 20A shown in FIG. 2 is a simple strip-shaped member called a flat tail feather. In addition, the tail feather 20B shown in FIG. 3 is called a modified tail feather,
Used in water jet looms and air jet looms. 2 and 3
22A and 22B indicated by diagonal lines, that is, the central part of the tail is the maximum wear portion that receives the most extreme friction, and in the tail of the present invention, one of the tails including at least this portion. Part is DLC film (thickness 1-2 μm)
Covered by

Generally, stainless steel is used as the base material of the rabbit feather, but DLC is directly applied to the surface of the stainless steel.
When the film is coated, the adhesion is insufficient and the object of the present invention is not achieved.

Therefore, in the present invention, an intermediate layer is interposed between the stainless steel base material and the DLC film to improve the adhesion. As the intermediate layer, chromium (Cr) or titanium (Ti), which has good adhesion to stainless steel
As the lower layer (thickness 0.1 to 0.2 μm), and silicon (Si) having good adhesion to the DLC film as the upper layer (thickness 0.3 to 0.
4 μm) two-layer structure film or titanium (T
A carbide film of i), zirconium (Zr), hafnium (Hf) or the like is effective, but a titanium carbide film containing excessive carbon (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 64-79372) is particularly effective. The thickness of the DLC film of the present invention including the intermediate layer is 2 to 3 μm.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the principal part of the maximum wear part 22B of the comb 20B shown in FIG. 3, in which the surface of the base material 24 made of stainless steel is coated with the titanium carbide film as the intermediate layer 26. And the surface thereof is further covered with the DLC film 28. The titanium carbide film can be formed by a plasma CVD method in a vacuum chamber into which a hydrocarbon gas is introduced.

[0018]

EXAMPLE Referring back to FIG. 1, the relationship between the arrangement position of the combs and the durability (durability ratio) of the combs in the comb for the loom will be described.

The tails 20 have a first group 201 and a second group 20 in order from the group adjacent to the main wing 14 on both ends toward the center.
The second and third groups 203 are divided into three groups.
The first group 201 is composed of a group of reed wings in which the surface of the stainless steel base material is covered with the DLC film via the intermediate layer, and the second group 20.
Reference numeral 2 is a group of flies that cover the surface of a stainless steel base material with a hard film of a different type from the DLC film, and third group 203 is a group of flies that are made of an untreated stainless steel base material.

As described above, the present invention consisting of a plurality of types of the ducks, the present invention in which all the ducks are coated with the DLC film, and the conventional one coated with a hard film different from the DLC film. Various fibers were woven by using the turf in the technique and the general turf only consisting of a stainless steel base material, and the durability of the turf and the turf was examined. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2 and 3.

[0021]

[Table 1] Fiber: cotton yarn Table 1 shows the results of the durability test when the most common cotton yarn was used as the fiber and the standard woven fabric was made by the high speed loom. As shown in Comparative Example 1, when a woven fabric is executed under predetermined conditions using a conventional stainless steel base material, "thread break" and "fluffing" occur after about 12 hours of operation. Defects such as occurred. That is, the life of the reed due to the abrasion of the reed was 12 hours. Using this result as the reference value of durability of 1.0, the durability ratio was calculated from the operating time until a defect occurred.

As shown in Comparative Example 2, in the case of the conventional example in which hard chrome plating is coated on the side tails corresponding to 10% of the whole tails, the durability is more than double. It turns out that In addition, as shown in Comparative Example 3,
The durability of the conventional example, in which the flank wing of the side edge corresponding to 20% of the whole is coated with chromium oxide (Cr ₂ O ₃ ), is about three times as long.

On the other hand, as shown in Example 1 of the present invention, in the case of using the sack having the combed wing of the present invention in which the portion corresponding to 40% from the side end portion is coated with the DLC film. The durability is improved about 7 times.

In this case, the cost of the reed itself increases about five times, but it is sufficiently profitable in consideration of the quality of the woven fabric and the operating efficiency of the loom. On the other hand, as shown in Example 2 of the present invention, the flank wing of the present invention in which the DLC film is coated on the first group corresponding to 10% of the whole side end portion that receives the largest frictional force In the second group following this, there are arranged chrome oxide-covered and chrome-chrome-coated combs, which are located in the central portion of the entire group and
In the case where the tails of the stainless steel base material are arranged as the third group in the portion corresponding to 0%, the same durability as in Example 1 can be obtained, and the cost can be reduced by half. . In this way, employing a plurality of types of hard films to equalize the amount of wear over the entire surface is an effective means for reducing costs.

[0025]

[Table 2] Fiber: Deformed polyester It is known that when weaving irregularly shaped polyester fibers having a complicated cross-sectional shape, the feathers of the stainless steel base material are significantly worn and the loom operating efficiency is extremely low. Table 2 shows an example in which the comb having the comb of the present invention is applied to a woven fabric of irregularly shaped polyester fibers together with comparative examples. As shown in Comparative Example 4, the wear of the combs made of the stainless steel base material was remarkable,
Its durability is reduced to about 30% of the case of woven cotton yarn. Therefore, as shown in Comparative Example 5, a barb in which hard chrome plating is coated on the comb near the side end is used.

On the other hand, as shown in Example 3 of the present invention, the flank wing of the present invention in which the DLC film was coated on the side end portion and corresponding to 70% of the whole was used. In this respect, the durability is dramatically improved. Further, as shown in Example 4, the cost can be reduced by using the DLC film and the hard chrome plating together.

[0027]

[Table 3] Fiber: Cotton thread using special sizing agent Fibers to which fine ceramic powder having a special function is attached together with a sizing material are attracting attention as functional new material fibers. As shown in Comparative Example 6, when such a new material fiber is woven using ordinary stainless steel tail feathers, defects occur in an extremely short time, and it is practically impossible to operate. Therefore, as shown in Comparative Example 7, a porcelain having a serrated wing which is entirely covered with a titanium nitride (TiN) film known as an ultra-hard film is used. However, even after that, the amount of wear of the tail feathers is large, and defects occur in 2 to 3 hours, resulting in poor workability and extremely low operating efficiency of the loom.

On the other hand, as shown in Example 5 of the present invention, by using a reed having the reed wings coated with the DLC film on the whole, continuous operation for 8 hours is possible, and the woven cloth is used. There is no particular problem in workability. Further, as shown in Example 6 of the present invention, the flank wing of the present invention coated with the DLC film is arranged only in the vicinity of the side end portion, and the turf flank covered with the titanium nitride film is arranged in the central portion. Then, the cost can be reduced and the same effect can be obtained.

Next, in order to quantitatively show the effect of the wear resistance due to the DLC film coating on the chased wing, a wear test using an acceleration tester was conducted.

An outline of the acceleration test apparatus is shown in FIG. FIG.
In each of the various types of Saba feather samples 1 to be subjected to the abrasion test,
Rotating radius 45 on the rotating drum 2 rotating at 000 rpm
They were installed and fixed at a position of mm at equal angular intervals of 90 degrees to each other. The yarn 4 (polyester 50D24F full dull yarn) pulled out from the yarn feeding pan 3 is passed through the water bath 5 to remove oil and the like, and then the tension in the tensiometer 7 is applied by the contact pressure type tenser 6. While being adjusted to 20 gf, it was wound by the winding roll 8 at a speed of 0.5 m / min in the direction opposite to the rotating direction of the rotary drum 2. In addition, yarn guides (not shown) were provided at various places so that the yarn paths at the important points would not change. As a result, the friction speed between the yarn 4 and the osafe sample 1 was 4.7 m / s.

Although the conditions of the above-mentioned acceleration tester are friction conditions which are considerably severer than the actual weaving conditions, as shown in the test results described later, the presently practiced saba (Sasabana sample No. described later) is used. The wear characteristics of the DLC film-coated saba which does not show wear marks for a long time of 100 times or more of
These are the conditions set for testing under the same conditions and with good reproducibility.

The wear characteristics of each Asahi sample were quantified as follows. That is, after the acceleration test was started, a certain time (logarithmic sequence of 1, 3, 10, ..., 1000 min: however, data of logarithmic sequence of 5 min was added as needed) was used to measure 100 times of the reed feather sample 1 with a metallurgical microscope. It was magnified twice and observed. At this time, in the reed feather sample in which the trace of the groove formed by the filament of the test yarn 4 was found,
The test was terminated because it was judged as "weared" by this accelerated test. On the other hand, for the reed wing sample in which no trace of the groove was found, a further long-term abrasion test was continuously performed using another new reed sample until the trace of the groove was confirmed. In this way, the time when the yarn groove was found and the acceleration test was terminated was defined as the wear time. Therefore, the longer this wear time, the better the wear property.

Table 4 shows various kinds of scabbard samples applied to the above acceleration test (wear test).

[0034]

[Table 4] In Table 4, the type "T" is austenitic stainless steel (for example, JIS SUS301).
Is used as the base material, type "W" is used as the base material of ferritic stainless steel (for example, JIS SUS430), and T type raw material (sample No. 1) is the width of the part that comes into contact with the thread. Was 4 mm and the thickness was 0.24 mm, and in the W type raw material (Sample No. 5), the width of the portion in contact with the yarn was 2.2 mm and the thickness was 0.31 mm. The hardness was measured with an Akashi Micro Vickers hardness meter MVK-E type under a load of 50 gf. However, the W type had a rough surface and no clear indentation was obtained, so FISCHER
The HV equivalent value between 0 and 10 gf was determined by a SCOPE H-100V dynamic film hardness meter.

FIG. 8 shows the results of the abrasion resistance test for the seven kinds of scabbard samples shown in Table 4. In FIG.
○ indicates that no wear marks were found by observing with a metallurgical microscope, and ◎ indicates that wear marks were slightly observed, but when it was developed into a photograph (× 150 times), it was indistinguishable from the surroundings. The marks were shallow marks, and ● indicates that wear marks were clearly observed even in the photograph. That is,
In the bar graph for each of the Asahi samples shown on the horizontal axis of FIG. 8,
This indicates that wear occurred during the hatched time period. The vertical axis represents the time from the start of the acceleration test logarithmically.

As is clear from the graph of FIG.
Asaha sample No. which is actually used as a modified asaha of ordinary air jet loom. No. 1 was worn out in 3 minutes, compared to the case of No. 1 with the DLC film coated on the entire surface. It can be seen that No. 3 was worn out 100 times in the accelerated test, that is, after 300 minutes. Then, as in the present invention, the Osafe sample No. It can be seen that in No. 4, the wear time was about 3 times, that is, the wear time was close to 1000 minutes. As for the W-type Sasaba sample, Sasaha sample No. Sample No. 7 is a raw material of raw material It shows that it has several ten times as much wear time as that of No. 5. Then, the ceramic coat Sasa sample No. It is shown that the wear time is several times longer than that of No. 6.

In addition, in order to examine the wear resistance of the DLC film-coated saw blade on the actual loom, the feather sample No. 1 shown in Table 4 was used. Some of the modified selvage selvage ears for the air jet loom using No. 1 are shown in Table 4 and are shown in Table 4. Replaced with the same saba (thickness: 0.2 mm) similar to No. 3, with a density of 75 /
After trial manufacture of a test visor having a size of 37.9 mm, a total length of 1440 mm, and an outer top and bottom of 113 mm, the test visor was used for 2 years in an actual fabric factory. In-process yarn is rayon 75D, loom speed is 800
rpm. As a result, which D was replaced at the woven selvage
No wear marks were observed on the LC feathers as well, whereas on the raw saw blades (the same feathers as the feather sample No. 1) placed at a position where the wear conditions were looser than these. The wear marks of the warp yarn and the weft yarn were observed. In particular, the wear marks due to the warp yarns were more than half of the blade thickness over 0.5 mm in the vertical direction of the reed. From this, it was possible to confirm the effect of DLC coating on an actual machine.

When the factors of the effect obtained by the above-mentioned DLC coating are examined, the extremely high hardness of the DLC film itself is first mentioned, and the DLC film formed by the plasma CVD method is parallel to the substrate surface. It was found that the film was formed as a simple layered film. Plasma CV
It can be said that the DLC film formed by the D method is excellent in surface smoothness and has a small friction coefficient by being layered on the surface of the base material. By the way, the TiN film and the like formed by the ion plating method are columnarly formed on the surface of the base material,
Further, the Al ₂ O ₃ film and others formed by the plasma spraying method are formed into a satin-finished film on the surface of the base material.

[0039]

As described above, according to the present invention, the following unique effects can be obtained. (1) The silk feathers of the present invention can be applied to various fibers from natural fibers, synthetic fibers to new material fibers, and exhibit excellent durability. (2) Since the thickness of the DLC film coated on the comb of the present invention including the intermediate layer is 2-3 μm, the effect is sufficiently exerted, so that it can be applied to the finer corrugation having a small arrangement interval. is there. (3) In consideration of the quality of the woven fabric and the operating efficiency of the loom, the desired durability can be ensured and the overall cost reduction can be achieved by arranging the comb wings of the present invention at a predetermined position of the comb. To enable. (4) Since the combed feather of the present invention has extremely high hardness and excellent smoothness, it can come into contact with the thread smoothly,
It has excellent abrasion resistance and prevents filament breakage (which causes fluffing) and yarn breakage. (5) Since the glue contained in the yarn is less likely to adhere to the silk feathers of the present invention, the number of times the loom is stopped for maintenance can be reduced, the operating time can be extended, and the productivity can be improved. You can Also, when glue sticks to the feathers,
Even if a strong alkaline chemical is used as a remover, the feathers will not be damaged. (6) Since the combed feather of the present invention has a remarkably long service life,
It greatly contributes to improving the operation rate of the loom and stabilizing the quality of the woven fabric.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a loom sack which is the subject of the present invention and the prior art.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of a flat comb that is the subject of the present invention and the prior art.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of irregularly shaped comb wings targeted by the present invention and the prior art.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of a combed feather in the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of a wet acceleration tester performed for an example of the present invention and a comparative example.

FIG. 6 shows a shape of an example of the present invention used in a wet acceleration test, (A) is a plan view, and (B) is a sectional view taken along line VIB-VIB in FIG. 6A.

FIG. 7 shows the shape of another embodiment of the present invention used in a wet acceleration test, (A) is a plan view, and (B) is a plan view.
FIG. 7B is a sectional view taken along the line VIIB-VIIB in FIG. 7A.

FIG. 8 is a graph showing the results of wear resistance by a wet acceleration test.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 DHL Membrane-covered Asaha 2 Rotating Drum 3 Yarn Supply Pane 4 Yarn 5 Water Bass 6 Tensor 7 Tension Meter 8 Winding Roll 10 Osa 12 Edge Gold 14 Parent Wing 16 Frame 20, 20, 20A, 20A Osawa 22A , 22B maximum wear part 24 base material 26 intermediate layer 28 DLC film 201 first group 202 second group 203 third group

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Yoshitsugu Shibuya 260 Niizo, Toda City, Saitama Prefecture (72) Inventor Mitsugu Enomoto 2-11-67 Hachimancho, Higashi-Kurume City, Tokyo (72) Koichi Naoi Sayama City, Saitama Prefecture Sayamadai 4-20-27 (72) Inventor Yuji Fukasawa 3-14-4 Shimoishikami, Nerima-ku, Tokyo (72) Inventor Takanori Minatani 4-46-17 Sayamadai, Sayama City, Saitama Prefecture Inventor Shotaro Shimizu 1-13-11 Higashi, Kunitachi, Tokyo (72) Inventor Hiroshi Tagawa 3-15-2 Kita-Kashiwa, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A pair of parents located on the left and right outermost ends, each of which is composed of a large number of feathers made of a thin metal plate as a base material and arranged in parallel with each other at a predetermined interval in the thickness direction. A fluff in a weaving reed, which is fixed and held by a frame composed of a wing and a pair of upper and lower rims, wherein the fluff is covered with a diamond-like carbon film through an intermediate layer. A feather that is characterized by being present. 2. The base material is a stainless steel thin plate, and the diamond-like carbon film is coated on at least a part of the stainless steel thin plate including a maximum wear portion subjected to the most extreme friction. The feathers according to claim 1. 3. The film according to claim 1, wherein the intermediate layer is a film having a two-layer structure in which chromium or titanium is a lower layer and silicon is an upper layer. Saha. 4. The flax wing according to claim 1, wherein the intermediate layer is made of a carbide film of titanium, zirconium, hafnium or the like.