JPH0910301A - Method for confirming progress of dialysis - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To confirm progress of dialysis during performing dialysis without being provided with a monitoring dialyzer, by stopping circulation of dialyzate in a supplying path and an exhausting path at a specified interval and detecting concentrations of components in the dialyzate by means of a detecting means during dialysis by a dialyzer. CONSTITUTION: Opening/closing valves 6, 7 are for instance closed for a few minutes when progress of dialysis is confirmed during performing dialysis. Then, blood is circulated in the dialyzer 1 while the inside of a dialyzer 1 is in an occluded condition. Thus, components such as creatinine or urea nitrogen or the like in blood are shifter into dialyzate in the dialyzer 1, and soon their contents are approximately the same as the contents in blood. The concentrations of creatinine, urea nitrogen or the like are detected by means of an enzyme sensor 8 because retained dialyzate is circulated at the position of the enzyme sensor 8 when the opening/closing valves 6, 7 are opened. The progress of dialysis can be grasped when their concentrations are compared with the targeted concentrations of the enzymes in blood at the completion of dialysis.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to artificial dialysis, and more particularly to a method for confirming the progress of dialysis.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a dialysis device for performing artificial dialysis,
A dialyzer for artificial dialysis, a supply passage for supplying a fresh dialysate to this dialyzer, a discharge passage for discharging the dialyzed fluid after dialyzing from this dialyzer, and the amount of components present in the dialysate are detected. A device provided with a detecting means is known (for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-2867). JP-A-61-286
In the dialysis device disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7, a small dialyzer for monitoring is provided in addition to the original dialyzer, and the dialyzer for monitoring and the above-mentioned detection means are used to dialyze the original dialyzer. The amount of components in the dialysate is detected during the work. With this configuration, the progress of dialysis can be grasped during dialysis.

[0003]

By the way, in the above-mentioned conventional device, in order to grasp the progress of dialysis, it is necessary to provide a small dialysis machine for monitoring in addition to the original dialysis machine. There is a drawback that the structure of the entire apparatus is complicated and the cost is high.

[0004]

[Means for Solving the Problems] In view of such circumstances,
The present invention provides a dialyzer for artificial dialysis, a supply passage for supplying fresh dialysate to the dialyzer, a discharge passage for discharging dialyzed fluid after dialyzing from the dialyzer, and a dialyzer provided for the discharge passage. And a detection means for detecting the concentration of the component in the liquid,
During the dialysis by the dialyzer, a method for confirming the progress of dialysis, in which the flow of the dialysate in both passages is stopped for a required time and the concentration of the component in the dialysate is detected by the detecting means, It is provided.

[0005]

According to such a method, when confirming the progress of dialysis during dialysis, the flow of the dialysate in both passages is stopped for the required time. During this time, the dialysate in the dialyzer is stagnant, but since blood is circulating in the dialyzer, components such as urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine contained in the blood are transferred to the dialysate. Eventually, the components such as urea nitrogen and creatinine in the blood and the components such as urea nitrogen and creatinine in the dialysate become approximately the same. In this state, the dialysate is detected by the detecting means. This makes it possible to check the progress of dialysis.
Therefore, the progress of dialysis can be confirmed during dialysis without providing a small dialysis machine for monitoring as in the related art.

[0006]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below with reference to illustrated embodiments. Reference numeral 1 is a conventionally known dialyzer for performing artificial dialysis. The dialyzer 1 is provided with a pair of conduits 3 and 3'which are connected to the patient 2 and allow blood to flow therethrough. When performing dialysis, the ends of these conduits 3 and 3'are connected to the blood vessel of the patient 2. It is designed to connect to. The dialyzer 1 is connected to one end of a supply passage 4 and one end of a discharge passage 5. The other end of the supply passage 4 is connected to a dialysate supply / drainage device (not shown), and fresh dialysate is supplied to the dialyzer 1 via the supply passage 4 by the dialysate supply / drainage device during dialysis. ing. On the other hand, the other end of the discharge passage 5 is connected to the recovery tank of the dialysate supply / discharge device, and during dialysis, the dialysate in the dialyzer 1 that has finished dialysis is transferred to the recovery tank via the discharge passage 5. It is supposed to be collected. The configuration described above and the operation based on it (dialysis work) are conventionally known. The configuration of the dialysate supply / drainage device is, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-54590.
This is well known in Japanese Patent Publication No. JP-A-2003-320, and therefore, a description of the dialysate supply / drainage device will be omitted. Therefore, the present embodiment is based on the above-described configuration and is improved so that the progress of dialysis can be grasped during dialysis. That is, the supply passage 4 is provided with a first opening / closing valve 6 to open / close the supply passage 4, and the discharge passage 5 is provided with a second opening / closing valve 7 to open / close the discharge passage 5. In addition, an enzyme sensor 8 as a detection means for detecting the component in the dialysate and its concentration is provided in the discharge passage 5 on the downstream side of the second opening / closing valve 7. This enzyme sensor 8 is a conventionally known one and can measure the concentration of creatinine, urea nitrogen (BUN), etc. present in the dialysate. Further, a filter 9 is provided in the discharge passage 5 located between the enzyme sensor 8 and the second opening / closing valve 7. This filter 9 is used for the enzyme sensor 8 in the dialysate existing in the discharge passage 5.
When the enzyme of (3) is dissolved, the enzyme dissolved in the dialysate is removed, whereby the dialysate containing the enzyme is prevented from reaching the dialyzer 1. In the above configuration, when performing dialysis on the patient 2, both open / close valves 6 and 7 are opened, and both conduits 3 of the dialyzer 1 are opened.
3'is connected to the blood vessel of the patient 2 to circulate blood in the dialyzer 1, and at the same time, fresh dialysate is supplied to the dialyzer 1 via the supply passage 4 and the dialysate in the dialyzer 1 is discharged. Discharge through the passage 5. With this, as before,
The patient 2 is subjected to artificial dialysis by the dialyzer 1. As described above, when checking how much dialysis has progressed during dialysis, both the on-off valves 6 and 7 are closed, for example, for only a few minutes. As a result, the supply passage 4, the discharge passage 5, and the inside of the dialyzer 1 located closer to the dialyzer 1 than the on-off valves 6 and 7 are closed, but during this time, blood flows through the dialyzer 1. ing. Therefore, components such as creatinine and urea nitrogen (BUN) in the blood are transferred to the dialysate in the dialyzer 1, and eventually the creatinine and urea nitrogen (BU
The content of N) or the like and the content of creatinine or urea nitrogen (BUN) in the dialysate in the dialyzer 1 are substantially the same. When the on-off valves 6 and 7 are opened after the lapse of the above-mentioned several minutes, the dialysate accumulated in the closed space flows through the position of the enzyme sensor 8. Therefore, creatinine or urea of the dialysate is stored. The concentration of nitrogen (BUN) or the like is detected by the enzyme sensor 8. Thus, the enzyme sensor 8 detects the concentrations of creatinine, urea nitrogen (BUN), etc. in the dialysate, and compares these concentrations with the target enzyme concentration in blood at the end of dialysis prepared in advance. For example, how much dialysis is progressing can be grasped on the spot.
Then, if it is determined that the dialysis should be continued after that, the dialysis is continued without changing the open / close valves 6 and 7. On the other hand, as a result of grasping the progress of dialysis by the enzyme sensor 8, if the target concentration of the component in the blood at the end of dialysis is reached, it is not necessary to perform dialysis any more. 1 conduit 3,
3'is removed from patient 2 to end dialysis. According to the present embodiment described above, the progress of dialysis during dialysis can be grasped in real time by using the dialyzer 1 that is originally provided, without additionally providing the conventional small dialyzer for monitoring. be able to. Although the enzyme sensor 8 is provided in the discharge passage 5 on the downstream side of the second opening / closing valve 7 in the above-described embodiment, the discharge passage 5 on the upstream side of the second opening / closing valve 7 is provided.
Alternatively, the enzyme sensor 8 may be provided. In this case, the enzyme sensor 8 is activated immediately after the flow paths are closed by the on-off valves 6 and 7.
The detection of the components of the dialysate in the flow path is started by, and the detection of the dialysate by the enzyme sensor 8 may be terminated when the above-mentioned several minutes have passed. Further, the first on-off valve 6 provided in the supply passage 4 may be omitted. (Second Embodiment) Next, FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of the present invention, which is based on the configuration of a conventionally known dialysis device 11 disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-54590. Above,
A filter 9 and an enzyme sensor 8 are provided in the discharge passage 5 immediately downstream of the dialyzer 1 as in the first embodiment, and a flow of dialysate is provided immediately upstream of the dialyzer 1 and in the supply passage 4. A flow sensor 12 for detecting is provided. In the second embodiment, instead of providing the opening / closing valve in the discharge passage 5 and the supply passage 4 as in the first embodiment, the discharge passage 5 and the supply passage 4 are originally provided by the three-way solenoid valve included in the dialysis machine 11. It is designed to be temporarily closed to stop the flow of dialysate. That is, the dialysis device 11
Is equipped with two dialysate containers 13 and 13 ', and inside each of these dialysate containers 13 and 13' are supply chambers 13a and 13a ', variable volume chambers 13b and 13b' from the left side by two diaphragms, and It is divided into three collection chambers 13c and 13c '. The supply chambers 13a and 13a 'communicate with the dialyzer 1 via the three-way solenoid valves 14 and 14' and the supply passage 4, and the volume fluctuations of the supply chambers 13a and 13a 'and the three-way solenoid valves 14 and 14'. The fresh dialysate introduced into the supply chambers 13a and 13a 'is supplied to the dialyzer 1 by the switching operation of the flow path by the method. Also,
The recovery chambers 13c and 13c 'communicate with the dialyzer 1 via the three-way solenoid valves 15 and 15' and the discharge passage 5, and the volume fluctuations of the recovery chambers 13c and 13c 'and the three-way solenoid valves 15 and 15'.
By the switching operation of the flow path by
The dialyzed solution after dialysis is collected in 13c 'and discharged to a collection tank (not shown). Silicon oil is sealed in the variable volume chambers 13b and 13b ', and both variable volume chambers 13b and 13b' are interlocked by an interlocking device 16. The amount of water removed during dialysis can be grasped as the amount of volume fluctuation of each variable volume chamber 13b, 13b. Furthermore, at the position upstream of the three-way solenoid valve 15 in the discharge passage 5,
A pump 17 is provided, and a relief valve 18 is provided in parallel with the pump 17. In such a configuration of the conventionally known dialysis device 11, the enzyme sensor 8 and the filter 9 are connected to the discharge passage 5 on the upstream side of the pump 17.
The flow sensor 12 is provided in the supply passage 4 on the downstream side of the three-way solenoid valve 14. In the second embodiment configured as described above, when the recovery chamber 13c in the dialysate container 13 is full and the flow sensor 12 detects that the flow of the dialysate has stopped, a few minutes from that point. Only three-way solenoid valve 14,1
4 ', 15, 15' are not switched, and water is not removed by the variable volume chambers 13b, 13b, and the dialysate in the dialyzer 1 and in the supply passage 4 and the discharge passage 5 before and after the dialyzer 1 is stagnated. Let After a few minutes, the three-way solenoid valve 1
4, 14 ', 15, 15' are used to switch the flow paths to restart the flow of the dialysate, and at that time, the enzyme sensor 8 detects the concentration of the component in the dialysate in the discharge passage 5. . Even in such a second embodiment, it is possible to obtain the same effect as that of the first embodiment shown in FIG. In the above-described embodiment, the progress of dialysis after the start of dialysis is confirmed when required, but the flow path switching means (open / close valves 6, 7, solenoid valves 14, 15, 14 ', 15') is not used. By a control device for controlling the operation, for example, by closing the discharge passage 5 for 5 minutes every 30 minutes after the start of dialysis,
The progress of dialysis may be confirmed every 30 minutes.

[0007]

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain the effect that the progress of dialysis can be confirmed during dialysis without providing a small monitor dialyzer as in the prior art. .

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 dialyzer 4 supply passage 5 discharge passage 6 first opening / closing valve 7 second opening / closing valve 8 enzyme sensor (detection means)

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A dialyzer for artificial dialysis, a supply passage for supplying a fresh dialysate to the dialyzer, a discharge passage for discharging dialyzed liquid after dialyzing from the dialyzer, and a discharge passage provided for the discharge passage. And a detection means for detecting the concentration of the component in the dialysate, during the dialysis by the dialyzer, the flow of the dialysate in both passages is stopped for a required time, the component in the dialysate by the detection means. A method for confirming the progress status of dialysis, which comprises detecting the concentration of dialysis. 2. An on-off valve is provided in each of the supply passage and the discharge passage, and both passages are closed by these on-off valves to stop the flow of dialysate for the required time. The method for confirming the progress of dialysis according to claim 1.