JPH09100984A - Fluid branch pipe and manufacture thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce pressure loss caused by dividing flow and divide flow at a specified flow ratio by bonding the internal walls of constricted parts to each other near a pipe end part on the branch pipe part side. SOLUTION: In a branch pipe 1 for dividing fluid flow from one main pipe part 2 to n-number of branch pipe parts 3, the pipe end part cross section on the branch pipe part 3 side of the branch pipe 1 is formed of a continuous pipe wall, and the pipe wall is brought close to itself at (n-1)-number of constricted parts 4 so as to form n-number of continuous guitar-shaped cross section. The constricted parts of the internal wall are jointed to each other near the pipe end part on the branch pipe part 3 side. (n) is an integer of 2 or more, and n=2 is desirably used in general. The continuous pipe wall indicates a state of Fig. (E). In the Fig. (F), the pipe walls are independently separated every branch pipe without forming a continuity. In this branch pipe 1, the internal wall from the main pipe part 2 to the branch pipe part 3 branches off in a stream-line so as to not to generate resistance to push the flow to bend in a right-angled direction, to generate turbulence and cavitation, and the like.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fluid branch pipe, and more particularly to a cooling / heating fluid branch pipe.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a header 12 as shown in FIG. 9 or a T-shaped tube 13 as shown in FIG. 10 has been widely used as a fluid branch pipe. For example, when the hot water for heating is divided into several rooms, the header 12 is attached to the hot water pipe (not shown) from the boiler as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12.
And the header branch 14 next to the header 12
, Connect the required number of branch pipes 15 according to the number of rooms,
The warm water was diverted.

[0003]

Conventionally, the header 12 used as a branch pipe has a structure in which the inside of the main body has a cylindrical shape, and the header branch pipe portion 14 is provided at a right angle to the cylindrical portion. There were many things. Therefore, header 1
When 2 is used, as shown in FIG. 9, the fluid flowing through the trunk pipe portion 2 is bent at a right angle by the header 12 and shunts to the branch pipe portion 14, resulting in a large pressure loss and a header. There is a problem that the pressure loss increases as the 12 branch pipe portions 14 become farther from the trunk pipe portion 2, and the pressure loss varies depending on the position of the branch pipe portion 14. Therefore, for example, when the hot water for heating is diverted, even if it is desired to divide the hot water evenly into a plurality of rooms, the flow of hot water differs depending on the room, and there is a problem that uneven heating occurs. Also, if you try to divide to a desired flow ratio,
In some cases, a desired flow rate ratio could not be obtained.

Moreover, since the header 12 is in the form of a block, it is heavy in weight, bulky and often made of high-grade material such as copper alloy. For example, when constructing hot water pipes for heating, it takes time. There was a problem that the cost would increase. In addition, the piping at the actual construction site is
Since it is necessary to connect to a branch pipe having a predetermined arrangement as shown in FIG. 11, a large number of joints or special joints are required or bending of a short pipe is required. There were problems such as increased man-hours.

Further, when the header 12 is used, the header 12 and its branch pipe portion 14 are made of a rigid body,
When connecting with a branch pipe 15 as shown in FIG. 12, the branch pipe 1
In many cases, the arrangement position / spacing of No. 5 and the position / spacing of the header branch pipe portion 14 are inconsistent, and it is difficult to position / adjust the branch pipe 15 and the header branch pipe portion 14, and thus, In such a case, the connection work at the time of connecting the joints will become extremely difficult if the positions and intervals of the joints are matched accurately in advance, or if special joints such as flexible joints are not used. , There was a problem in ease of construction.

When a T-shaped pipe 13 as shown in FIG. 10 is used as the branch pipe, the number of times the fluid flow is bent at a right angle increases, resulting in not only a large pressure loss but also equalization to two or more pipes. When shunting and orderly piping are desired, there is a problem that a joint for connection and a short pipe are complicated as in the above case.

[0007]

The fluid branch pipe of the present invention comprises:
This is done in order to solve the above problems. 1st invention in this application WHEREIN: In the branch pipe 1 which diverts the fluid from the one trunk pipe part 2 to the n branch pipe parts 3, the pipe end part cross section (trunk) of the branch pipe 1 of the branch pipe 1 The cross section perpendicular to the axis of the tube section 2) is made up of a series of tube walls which are close together at n-1 constrictions 4 to form n continuous gourd-shaped cross sections, The inner walls of the constricted portion 4 are adhered to each other near the pipe end portion on the side of the branch pipe portion 3.
Here, n is an integer of 2 or more, and n = 2 is often used. In addition, the continuous pipe wall indicates the state of (E) of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2. In (F) of both figures, the pipe wall is not continuous and is separated for each branch pipe and is independent. doing. The branch pipe 1 is branched from the main pipe portion 2 to the branch pipe portion 3 with a streamlined inner wall so as not to generate resistance such as bending and bending the flow at right angles or generating turbulence or cavitation. doing. Needless to say, the branch pipes 1 to n branch pipe parts 3 to one trunk pipe part 2 when the fluid flows backward.
It is also possible to join the fluids.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, n short pipes having substantially the same diameter as the pipe ends are connected to each of the n pipe ends on the side of the branch pipe portion 3 of the branch pipe 1, It is characterized in that the short pipes are each formed as n independent branch pipe portions 3. Such a fluid branch pipe 1 is illustrated in FIGS. 1A, 1B, 2A and 2B.

The diameter of the pipe end portion of the branch pipe 1 on the side of the branch pipe portion 3 and the diameter of the short pipe connected thereto may be the same as long as they can be connected as a pipe by adhesion. 1B or 2B
When inserting a short pipe into the inside of a gourd-shaped circular part at the connection part, the diameter of the short pipe side becomes slightly smaller, and the outer diameter of the short pipe fits into the inner diameter of the gourd-shaped circular part. The dimensions will fit. A third invention is characterized in that, in the second invention, the length of the short pipe is adjusted to a different length according to the direction, arrangement and position of the joint to be connected. For example, the embodiment of the present invention as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is used in the construction example as shown in FIG.

A fourth invention is characterized in that, in the second invention and the third invention, the short pipe is bent in accordance with the direction, arrangement and position of the joints to be connected. For example, the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 4 is used in the construction example shown in FIG. A fifth invention is the branch pipe 1 according to the first invention, the second invention, the third invention and the fourth invention.
It is characterized in that the material (including the short pipe portion) is a metal, and the bonding is performed by welding or brazing. In this case, as the metal, copper or copper alloy, aluminum or aluminum alloy, steel pipe or iron pipe, lead pipe or lead alloy pipe, etc. are often used.

A sixth invention is a fluid branch pipe 1 of the fifth invention.
When used as the branch pipe 1 of the heating and cooling pipe, in this case, the entire pipe of the cooling and heating device is often constructed of copper or copper alloy having excellent heat transfer and corrosion resistance. As the metal for the branch pipe 1, copper or a copper alloy, which is the same material as the pipe of the cooling and heating system and is excellent in workability, is most preferable. Therefore, the metal is copper or a copper alloy.

A seventh invention is the first invention, the second invention,
Regarding the manufacturing method of the third invention, the fourth invention, the fifth invention or the sixth invention, one trunk pipe part 2 to n branch pipe parts 3
In a method of manufacturing a branch pipe 1 for diverting a fluid into a pipe, a tool 8 having a conical pressing / expanding surface is formed on a pipe end portion of a material pipe 11 having the same diameter as that of a stem pipe 2 on a side to be branched. Tube 1
By pressing along the central axis of 1, the material tube 11
A pipe expanding step of forming a trumpet-like expanded portion 9 that expands the pipe end in the radial direction while compressing the pipe end portion on the side to be branched, and obtains a desired circumferential length while maintaining a desired wall thickness; A split mold in which the trumpet-shaped expanded portion 9 is pressed flatly in a direction perpendicular to the central axis by a mold having a concave curved surface with a kamaboko upper surface on the inner surface, and the inner surface becomes the branch pipe 1. 10 is pressed so that the cross section perpendicular to the central axis becomes a gourd-like shape at the pipe end on the side of the branch pipe part 3, and the gourd-like constricted part 4 is formed.
And a pressing step of crimping the inner walls of the same at the end of the tube.

For example, referring to FIG. 6 showing one embodiment of the seventh invention, the material pipe 11 of FIG. 6A is replaced with a tool 8 having a conical pressing and expanding surface as shown in FIG. 6B is a pipe expanding step of pressing in the direction of the arrow to form the trumpet-shaped expanded portion 9 of FIG. 6B, and then using a mold (not shown) having a concave curved surface of the upper surface of a kamaboko on the inner surface. As shown in FIG. 6D, the trumpet-shaped expanded portion 9 is pressed into a flat shape, and a split mold 10 whose inner surface is the branch pipe 1 is used, and the cross section is gourd-shaped as shown in FIG. 6E. So that the inner walls of the constricted portion 4 are pressure-bonded to each other. Before the process shown in FIG. 6D is performed, the mold having a slight roundness may be used to make the mold slightly flat, and then the process shown in FIG. 6C may be performed. After the shape shown in FIG. 6E, various processes are performed depending on the branch pipe 1 to be manufactured. For example, using welding material, brazing material, welding, brazing,
Bonds long and short straight pipes and curved pipes.

[0014]

In the fluid branch pipe 1 of the above-mentioned invention, the inner wall has a streamlined shape so as not to generate resistance such as bending and bending the flow in the right angle direction, generating turbulence or cavitation. Therefore, the fluid flows and splits very smoothly, and the pressure loss due to the splitting is very small. Therefore,
When it is desired to evenly divide the flow into n equal parts, the flow is evenly divided, and even when it is desired to divide into a predetermined flow ratio, a flow ratio close to the calculated value can be obtained.

Therefore, particularly when applied to the branching of the cooling and heating pipes, the flow of hot water or the like is remarkably improved, the unevenness of heating is eliminated, and the thermal efficiency is also improved. Moreover, as compared with the conventional header 12, the block portion is eliminated and the tube is thin, so that the weight is significantly reduced and the material is saved. In addition, there is a short pipe part that is flexible and easy to bend, and the short pipe part is adjusted to long or short depending on the situation of piping and connection,
Since the tip is bent, fine adjustment is possible, and connection / coupling work by the joint 7 to various pipes such as in parallel or at right angles becomes extremely easy. For example, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 12, n pipe holes are arranged in parallel in the concrete foundation of the floor, and n branch pipes 1 are piped here.
When connecting the short pipe branched from the branch pipe to 5, if the position and interval of the branch pipe 15 are deviated, in the case of the header 12, it is very difficult to adjust the position for alignment. When using the branch pipe 1 of No. 1, by slightly bending or bending the short pipe portion 5 (and / or 6),
Adjustments for alignment can be performed easily by hand.

[0016]

EXAMPLES JIS H 3300 C122 shown in Table 1
Using the 0T pure copper material tube 11 of three sizes, 3
A type of branch pipe 1 was manufactured. The process is shown in FIGS.
The procedure shown in E was performed. The procedure will be described. First, one end of the material pipe 11 is abutted against and fixed to a tool (not shown), and the other end has a tool 8 having a widened surface with a cone angle of about 30 ° as shown in FIG. 7. Is pressed using a 1-ton press (not shown), the pipe end is radially expanded while being compressed in the central axis direction at room temperature, and the pipe end has a trumpet-shaped expansion part having the dimensions shown in Table 2. I made 9.

Next, after fixing the material pipe 11 having the trumpet-shaped expanded portion 9 so that its central axis is at right angles to the pressing direction, the trumpet-shaped expanded portion 9 is pressed by the same press.
Is pressed into a flat shape by using a split mold (not shown) having a concave curved surface with a semicylindrical upper surface on the inner surface thereof, and further, a split mold 10 having a bifurcated inner pipe surface as shown in FIG. 8 is formed. It was pressed by using the inner wall of the gourd-shaped constricted portion 4 in the vicinity of the tube end of the trumpet-shaped expanded portion 9 until the inner walls of the thorn-shaped constricted portion 4 were crimped.

[0018]

[Table 1]

[0019]

[Table 2]

Further, as shown in Table 3, at the end of the gourd-shaped pipe, a short cauldron short pipe 5 is provided on one side and a long cauldron short pipe 6 is provided on the other side. Phosphor copper braze JIS Z 3264 B
Brazing was performed using CuP-2 as a brazing material. At that time, the inner walls of the constricted portion 4 near the end of the trumpet-shaped tube were also brazed together. As a result, three types of branch pipes 1 having the total length shown in Table 3 were manufactured.

[0021]

[Table 3]

As a result, it has three types of outer diameters, as shown in FIG.
A branch pipe 1 of the present invention having a main body and two short pipes as shown in (1) was obtained. Furthermore, the pressure loss of these branch pipes 1, and the main body portion and two branch pipe portions as shown in Table 4,
The pressure loss of a general-purpose conventional header can be adjusted to a flow rate of 1-2.
It was as shown in Table 5 when measured at 1 / min. The pressure loss in the table is represented by the equivalent resistance length of the same diameter pipe. Here, the pressure loss is evaluated by using “equivalent resistance length equivalent”, which is a generally simple method, and the pressure between the inlet and outlet of the member when the member (for example, branch pipe) is used. It is represented by a straight pipe length having the same diameter as the inlet side pipe portion (stem pipe portion or main body portion) of the member that causes a pressure loss equivalent to the loss.

[0023]

[Table 4]

[0024]

[Table 5]

From the above, it has been found that the branch pipe 1 of the present invention can suppress the pressure loss at the time of branching to about 1/5 that of the conventional header. The weights of the conventional header 12 and the branch pipe 1 of the present invention are as shown in Table 6. As you can see, the conventional header 12 is blocky and heavy,
In comparison, the branch pipe 1 of the present invention is light and has a weight of about 1/7.
It was reduced to ⅓.

When the branch pipe 1 manufactured in this manner was used as a heating pipe in the field, a remarkable improvement in convenience of construction was demonstrated, and the flow of hot water for heating was smooth. No delay in temperature rise was found for each branch pipe.

[0027]

[Table 6]

[0028]

As described above, the present invention has the following effects. First, the diversion is smooth and the pressure loss is small. Secondly, the diversion is performed evenly or at a desired flow rate ratio, so that there is no undesired unevenness in the diversion.

Thirdly, the weight of the branch pipe portion is reduced, and the piping can be easily constructed. Fourthly, when connecting the branch pipes in various arrangements and directions, it becomes easy to adjust the position and the center, and the connection using a normal pipe joint can be easily performed.
Therefore, when the branch pipe of the present invention is used as a pipe for heating and cooling, hot and cold water from a boiler or a cooler can be easily and properly diverted, and heating and cooling of a plurality of rooms can be performed evenly and at a distance. In this room, sufficient heating and cooling is performed, thermal efficiency is improved, and power consumption is reduced.
A great advantage can be obtained in terms of economy.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an embodiment of the present invention when n = 2.
(FIG. 1A) shows a perspective view. (FIG. 1B) shows a partially crushed sectional view. (FIG. 1C), (FIG. 1D), (FIG. 1E), (FIG. 1F) are KK, LL, MM, and NN of (FIG. 1B).
The cross-sectional arrow view corresponding to each line of is shown.

FIG. 2 is an example of the present invention when n = 3.
(FIG. 2A) shows a perspective view. (FIG. 2B) shows a partially crushed sectional view. (FIG. 2C), (FIG. 2D), (FIG. 2E), (FIG. 2F) are PP, QQ, RR, and SS of (FIG. 2B).
The cross-sectional arrow view corresponding to each line of is shown.

FIG. 3 is a use state diagram of one embodiment of the present invention. (Fig. 3
A) shows a perspective view. (FIG. 3B) shows a plan view.

FIG. 4 is an example of the present invention. (FIG. 4A) is n = 2
An example in the case of is shown. (FIG. 4B) shows an example when n = 3.

FIG. 5 is a use state diagram of one embodiment of the present invention. (FIG. 5
4A is a use state diagram of the embodiment shown in FIG. 4A. (FIG. 5B) is a usage state diagram of the embodiment shown in (FIG. 4B).

FIG. 6 is an example showing a main part of a manufacturing process of the present invention. (FIG. 6A) shows the material pipe 11, (FIG. 6E) shows the branch pipe 1 before attachment of the short pipe, (FIG. 6B), (FIG.
C) and (FIG. 6D) respectively show their intermediate stages.

FIG. 7 is an embodiment showing a tube expanding means using a tool 8 having a conical pressing hole expanding surface used in the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is an embodiment showing a manufacturing method of a branch using a split mold 10 having an inner surface having a branch pipe shape, which is used in the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 6;

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a conventional header 12.

FIG. 10 is a view showing a conventional T-shaped tube.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of an array of heating and cooling pipes on a concrete foundation level.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of branching and piping by a conventional header 12.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Branch pipe 2 Stem pipe part 3 Branch pipe part of the branch pipe of this invention 4 Constriction part 5 Short short pipe 6 Long short pipe 7 Joint 8 Tool having a hole-expanding surface 9 Trumpet-like pipe expanding part 10 Forming a branch pipe Split type with inner surface 11 Material pipe 12 Header 13 T-shaped pipe 14 Header branch pipe part 15 Branch pipe

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A branch pipe for branching a fluid from one trunk pipe part to n branch pipe parts, wherein the branch end section of the branch pipe on the branch pipe side (cross section perpendicular to the trunk pipe axis) is , A series of tube walls, said tube walls forming n continuous gourd-shaped sections.
A fluid branch pipe characterized in that one constricted portion is close to each other, and inner walls of the constricted portion are adhered to each other near a pipe end portion on the side of the branch pipe portion. 2. A short pipe having a diameter substantially the same as that of the pipe end is connected to each of the n pipe ends on the side of the branch pipe of the branch pipe by adhesion, and the short pipes have independent n branches. The fluid branch pipe according to claim 1, wherein the fluid branch pipe is a pipe portion. 3. The fluid branch pipe according to claim 2, wherein the length of the short pipe is adjusted to different lengths depending on the orientation, arrangement and position of the joints to be connected. 4. The fluid branch pipe according to claim 2, wherein the short pipe is bent depending on the orientation, arrangement and position of the joints to be connected. 5. The fluid branch pipe according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein the material of the branch pipe (including the short pipe portion) is a metal, and the bonding is performed by welding or brazing. . 6. The fluid branch pipe according to claim 5, wherein the metal is copper or a copper alloy. 7. A tool having a conical pressing and expanding hole surface is pressed along the central axis of the material pipe to the pipe end of the material pipe having the same diameter as that of the trunk pipe on the side where the material pipe is to be branched. Expanding the tube end in the radial direction while compressing the tube end portion of the material tube on the side to be branched in the direction of the central axis to form a trumpet-shaped tube expansion portion that obtains a desired circumferential length while maintaining a desired wall thickness. The step and the trumpet-shaped expanded portion are pressed flatly in a direction perpendicular to the central axis with a mold having a concave curved surface of the upper surface of a kamaboko on the inner surface, and further, a curved surface for forming a branch pipe is formed on the inner surface. Using a split mold, pressing so that the cross section perpendicular to the central axis becomes a gourd shape at the pipe end on the side of the branch pipe, and pressing the inner wall members of the gourd-shaped constriction at the pipe end. The fluid branch pipe according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6, characterized in that Manufacturing method.