JPH0893773A - Bearing part - Google Patents
Bearing partInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0893773A JPH0893773A JP22982394A JP22982394A JPH0893773A JP H0893773 A JPH0893773 A JP H0893773A JP 22982394 A JP22982394 A JP 22982394A JP 22982394 A JP22982394 A JP 22982394A JP H0893773 A JPH0893773 A JP H0893773A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- plating film
- resistant plating
- wear
- abrasion resistant
- intergranular corrosion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
- F16C33/62—Selection of substances
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/32—Balls
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
- Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
- ing And Chemical Polishing (AREA)
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、例えば転がり軸受の内
・外輪、転動体および保持器や、すべり軸受などの軸受
部品に係り、特に表面に耐摩耗用めっき膜が被覆形成さ
れるものの改良に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to bearing components such as inner and outer races of rolling bearings, rolling elements and cages, and sliding bearings, and in particular to improvement of the surface of which is coated with a wear-resistant plating film. Regarding
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】例えば、転がり軸受の内・外輪、転動体
および保持器や、すべり軸受などの軸受部品において、
その転動面や摺動面に耐摩耗用めっきが施されるように
なっている。この場合、耐摩耗用めっきを施す前に、通
常は、特別な前処理を施さないが、軸受部品の表面を若
干粗くするためのエッチング処理を施す場合もある。2. Description of the Related Art For example, in bearing parts such as inner and outer rings of rolling bearings, rolling elements and cages, and sliding bearings,
The rolling surface and sliding surface are plated with wear resistant material. In this case, usually, no special pretreatment is performed before the wear-resistant plating is performed, but an etching treatment may be performed to slightly roughen the surface of the bearing component.
【０００３】この耐摩耗用めっきとしては、例えば軸受
部品がオーステナイト系ステンレス鋼の場合、Ｃｒめっ
きやＮｉめっきが選定される。As the wear resistant plating, for example, when the bearing component is austenitic stainless steel, Cr plating or Ni plating is selected.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところで、従来のよう
に、軸受部品の転動面や摺動面に耐摩耗用めっきを施し
ていても、耐摩耗用めっき膜が界面から比較的早期段階
で剥離しやすくなることが指摘される。この現象は、フ
レーキングと呼ばれ、一種の疲労破壊である。By the way, even if the rolling surface or sliding surface of the bearing component is plated with wear resistance as in the prior art, the wear resistance plating film is formed at a relatively early stage from the interface. It is pointed out that peeling becomes easier. This phenomenon is called flaking and is a kind of fatigue failure.
【０００５】このような剥離が生じると、回転時の振動
が発生する他、転がり軸受の場合では剥離した粉もしく
は破片が転動体と軌道輪との間にかみこむなど、軸受の
回転特性が低下するおそれがある。When such peeling occurs, vibration during rotation occurs, and in the case of a rolling bearing, the peeled powder or debris is caught between the rolling element and the bearing ring, which deteriorates the rotational characteristics of the bearing. May occur.
【０００６】したがって、本発明は、軸受部品に対する
耐摩耗用めっき膜の密着性を高め、界面剥離を防止する
ことを課題としている。Therefore, an object of the present invention is to improve the adhesion of the wear-resistant plating film to the bearing component and prevent interfacial peeling.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の軸受部品は、粒
界腐食処理が施された鋼製の母材表面に耐摩耗用めっき
膜が被覆形成されている。In the bearing component of the present invention, a wear-resistant plating film is formed on the surface of a steel base material which has been subjected to intergranular corrosion treatment.
【０００８】[0008]
【作用】鋼製の母材表面に対して粒界腐食処理を施す
と、母材表面での粒界に隙間が形成される。このため、
粒界腐食処理を施した鋼製の母材表面に対して耐摩耗用
めっきを施すと、前記隙間に耐摩耗用めっき膜が楔状に
食い込むことになり、耐摩耗性めっき膜の密着性が著し
く高まるようになる。When the surface of the steel base material is subjected to intergranular corrosion treatment, a gap is formed at the grain boundary on the surface of the base material. For this reason,
When wear-resistant plating is applied to the surface of a steel base material that has been subjected to intergranular corrosion treatment, the wear-resistant plating film bites into the gap in a wedge shape, and the adhesion of the wear-resistant plating film is significantly Will increase.
【０００９】[0009]
【実施例】以下、本発明の詳細を図１および図２に示す
実施例に基づいて説明する。ここでは、軸受部品として
深溝型玉軸受の構成要素を例に挙げる。図１および図２
は本発明の一実施例にかかり、図１は、深溝型玉軸受の
上半分の縦断面図、図２は、同軸受の内輪の軌道面の拡
大断面図である。図中、１は内輪、２は外輪、３は玉、
４は冠型の保持器である。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The details of the present invention will be described below with reference to the embodiments shown in FIGS. Here, the components of a deep groove type ball bearing will be taken as an example of the bearing component. 1 and 2
FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of the upper half of a deep groove type ball bearing, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the raceway of the inner ring of the bearing. In the figure, 1 is an inner ring, 2 is an outer ring, 3 is a ball,
Reference numeral 4 denotes a crown type cage.
【００１０】内・外輪１，２ならびに玉３は、下記する
各種の鋼材で適宜形成される。内輪１の外周面および外
輪２の内周面のそれぞれ軸方向中央には、断面ほぼ部分
球面状の軌道溝が形成されており、これら内・外輪１，
２の両軌道溝の間に複数の玉３が保持器４に保持された
状態で介装されている。The inner and outer rings 1, 2 and the balls 3 are appropriately formed of various steel materials described below. A raceway groove having a substantially spherical cross-section is formed at the axial center of each of the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 1 and the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 2.
A plurality of balls 3 are interposed between the two raceway grooves while being held by a cage 4.
【００１１】鋼材としては、ＪＩＳ規格ＳＵＪ２などの
高炭素クロム軸受鋼、ＪＩＳ規格ＳＵＳ４４０Ｃなどの
マルテンサイト系ステンレス鋼、ＪＩＳ規格ＳＵＳ６３
０などの析出硬化型ステンレス鋼、ＪＩＳ規格ＳＵＳ３
０４などのオーステナイト系ステンレス鋼などが挙げら
れる。これらの鋼材には、必要に応じて適当な硬化熱処
理が施される。As the steel material, high carbon chromium bearing steel such as JIS standard SUJ2, martensitic stainless steel such as JIS standard SUS440C, JIS standard SUS63, etc.
Precipitation hardening type stainless steel such as 0, JIS standard SUS3
Examples include austenitic stainless steel such as 04. An appropriate hardening heat treatment is applied to these steel materials as needed.
【００１２】保持器４は、合成樹脂材で形成される。合
成樹脂材としては、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン（ＰＴ
ＦＥ）、エチレンテトラフルオロエチレン（ＥＴＦＥ）
などのふっ素系樹脂やポリエーテルエーテルケトン（Ｐ
ＥＥＫ）、ポリフェニレンサルファイド（ＰＰＳ）、ポ
リエーテルサルフォン（ＰＥＳ）、ナイロン４６などの
エンジニアリングプラスチックスなどがある。これらの
樹脂には、必要に応じてガラス繊維などの強化繊維が添
加される。The cage 4 is made of a synthetic resin material. As a synthetic resin material, polytetrafluoroethylene (PT
FE), ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE)
Fluorine-based resins such as polyetheretherketone (P
Engineering plastics such as EEK), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyether sulfone (PES) and nylon 46 are available. If necessary, reinforcing fibers such as glass fibers are added to these resins.
【００１３】そして、内輪１、外輪２ならびに玉３それ
ぞれの全表面には、耐摩耗用めっき膜５が被覆形成され
ている。なお、玉３には、セラミックス材を用いてもよ
い。セラミックス材としては、焼結助剤として、イット
リア（Ｙ2Ｏ3）およびアルミナ（Ａｌ2Ｏ3）、その他、
適宜、窒化アルミ（ＡｌＮ）、酸化チタン（ＴｉＯ2）
を用いた窒化けい素（Ｓｉ3Ｎ4）を主体とするものの
他、アルミナ（Ａｌ2Ｏ3）や炭化けい素（ＳｉＣ）、ジ
ルコニア（ＺｒＯ2）、窒化アルミ（ＡｌＮ）などがあ
る。A wear-resistant plating film 5 is formed on the entire surface of each of the inner ring 1, the outer ring 2 and the balls 3. A ceramic material may be used for the ball 3. Ceramic materials include yttria (Y 2 O 3 ) and alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) as sintering aids, and others.
Aluminum nitride (AlN), titanium oxide (TiO 2 ) as appropriate
In addition to those containing silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ) as the main component, alumina (Al 2 O 3 ), silicon carbide (SiC), zirconia (ZrO 2 ), aluminum nitride (AlN) and the like.
【００１４】具体的に、内輪１、外輪２ならびに玉３に
対して耐摩耗用めっきを施す前に、内輪１、外輪２なら
びに玉３の外周面に後述する粒界腐食処理を施す。この
粒界腐食処理を施すと、内輪１、外輪２ならびに玉３の
外周面表面での粒界に、例えば図２に示すような隙間６
が形成されることになる。Specifically, before the wear resistant plating is applied to the inner ring 1, the outer ring 2 and the balls 3, the outer peripheral surfaces of the inner ring 1, the outer ring 2 and the balls 3 are subjected to the intergranular corrosion treatment described later. When this intergranular corrosion treatment is performed, a gap 6 as shown in FIG. 2 is formed at the grain boundaries on the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 1, the outer ring 2 and the balls 3.
Will be formed.
【００１５】この後、内輪１、外輪２ならびに玉３の外
周面表面の全体に耐摩耗用めっきを施して耐摩耗用めっ
き膜５を形成する。なお、耐摩耗用めっき膜５として
は、例えばＮｉ−Ｐめっき膜が選定される。After that, wear resistant plating is applied to the entire outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 1, the outer ring 2 and the balls 3 to form a wear resistant plated film 5. As the abrasion resistant plating film 5, for example, a Ni-P plating film is selected.
【００１６】このようにすれば、内輪１、外輪２ならび
に玉３の素材の粒界に形成される隙間６に耐摩耗用めっ
き膜５が楔状に食い込むことになるから、この耐摩耗用
めっき膜５が内輪１の外周面に対して強固に密着するこ
とになり、比較的長期にわたって界面剥離しにくくな
る。In this way, the wear-resistant plating film 5 is wedge-shaped in the gap 6 formed at the grain boundary of the material of the inner ring 1, the outer ring 2 and the ball 3, so that this wear-resistant plating film is formed. Since 5 firmly adheres to the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 1, interface peeling is unlikely to occur for a relatively long period of time.
【００１７】前述の粒界腐食処理は、エッチング処理を
含んでおり、それは例えば次のような内容になってい
る。エッチング処理の前に鋭敏化処理を行ってもよい。The above-described intergranular corrosion treatment includes etching treatment, which has the following contents, for example. Sensitization treatment may be performed before the etching treatment.
【００１８】鋭敏化処理は、ＪＩＳ規格ＳＵＳ３０４に
適用され、５５０〜８５０℃で３０〜６０分間加熱後に
空冷する。その後、粒界を腐食させるため、硝酸溶液に
てエッチングを行う。The sensitization treatment is applied to JIS standard SUS304, and is heated at 550 to 850 ° C. for 30 to 60 minutes and then air cooled. After that, etching is performed with a nitric acid solution in order to corrode the grain boundaries.
【００１９】また、エッチング処理のみでは、ＪＩＳ規
格ＳＵＪ２の場合、ピクリン酸アルコールと過酸化水素
と界面活性剤とを加えたものを用い、ＪＩＳ規格ＳＵＳ
４４０ＣおよびＪＩＳ規格ＳＵＳ６３０の場合、塩酸ピ
クリン酸アルコールと界面活性剤とを加えたものを用い
る。Further, in the case of JIS standard SUJ2 only by etching treatment, a mixture of picric acid alcohol, hydrogen peroxide and a surfactant is used, and JIS standard SUS is used.
In the case of 440C and JIS standard SUS630, a mixture of picric acid hydrochloride alcohol and a surfactant is used.
【００２０】粒界腐食処理の深さは、母材となる鋼の結
晶粒径よりも小さい値とされる。これは、結晶粒径より
も大きいと結晶粒が欠落するおそれがあるためである。The depth of the intergranular corrosion treatment is set to a value smaller than the crystal grain size of the base steel. This is because if the grain size is larger than the grain size, the grain may be missing.
【００２１】次に、耐摩耗用めっき膜５の剥離試験を行
ったので、説明する。試験には、ＪＩＳ呼び番号６２０
６の玉軸受を用いており、内輪および外輪の素材をＪＩ
Ｓ規格ＳＵＪ２とし、その表面硬さをＨＲＣ６２に設定
しており、内輪の外周面および外輪の内周面に耐摩耗用
めっき膜を形成している。比較例として粒界腐食処理を
施さずに耐摩耗用めっき膜を形成したものを挙げてい
る。耐摩耗用めっき膜としては、本発明実施品、比較例
ともにＮｉ−Ｐめっき膜としている。Next, a peeling test of the wear-resistant plating film 5 was conducted, which will be described. JIS No. 620 for testing
6 ball bearings are used, and the inner ring and outer ring materials are JI
The S standard is SUJ2, the surface hardness is set to HRC62, and a wear-resistant plating film is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring and the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring. As a comparative example, one in which an abrasion resistant plating film is formed without performing intergranular corrosion treatment is mentioned. As the wear-resistant plating film, the Ni-P plating film is used for both the product of the present invention and the comparative example.
【００２２】試験条件は、無潤滑、回転数３００ｒｐ
ｍ、ラジアル荷重５０Ｋｇｆ、Ｐｍａｘ＝１５０Ｋｇｆ
／ｍｍ2である。The test conditions are non-lubrication, rotation speed 300 rp
m, radial load 50 Kgf, Pmax = 150 Kgf
/ Mm 2 .
【００２３】[0023]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００２４】表１に示す結果より、耐摩耗用めっき膜５
を形成する前に粒界腐食処理を施していると、耐摩耗用
めっき膜５の密着性が著しく高まり、この耐摩耗用めっ
き膜５が界面から剥離しにくくなることが証明される。From the results shown in Table 1, the wear-resistant plating film 5
It is proved that if the intergranular corrosion treatment is applied before the formation of, the adhesion of the wear-resistant plating film 5 is remarkably enhanced and the wear-resistant plating film 5 is less likely to be peeled from the interface.
【００２５】なお、本発明は上記実施例のみに限定され
ない。例えば、上述したように耐摩耗用めっき膜５の表
面にポリテトラフルオロエチレン（ＰＴＦＥ）、リン酸
マンガン、クロム酸などの固体潤滑剤の膜を形成しても
よく、さらにその表面に耐摩耗性および耐腐食性の二硫
化モリブデンなどの膜を形成してもよい。この場合に
は、グリースや潤滑油などを用いない無潤滑での使用が
可能となる。The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, as described above, a film of a solid lubricant such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), manganese phosphate, or chromic acid may be formed on the surface of the wear resistant plating film 5, and the wear resistance is further formed on the surface. And a film of molybdenum disulfide or the like which is corrosion resistant may be formed. In this case, it is possible to use without lubrication without using grease or lubricating oil.
【００２６】[0026]
【発明の効果】本発明では、軸受部品の表面に被覆形成
される耐摩耗用めっき膜を軸受部品に対して強固に密着
させることにより、耐摩耗用めっき膜の界面剥離を比較
的長期にわたって起きにくくさせるようにしているか
ら、軸受機能を長期間安定的に発揮できるなど、信頼性
の向上に貢献できるようになる。According to the present invention, the wear resistant plating film formed on the surface of the bearing part is firmly adhered to the bearing part, so that the interfacial peeling of the wear resistant plating film occurs for a relatively long period of time. Since it is made difficult, the bearing function can be stably exerted for a long period of time and the reliability can be improved.
【図１】本発明の軸受部品の一実施例の深溝型玉軸受の
上半分の縦断面図。FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of an upper half of a deep groove type ball bearing according to an embodiment of a bearing component of the present invention.
【図２】同実施例の深溝型玉軸受の内輪の軌道面を拡大
した断面図。FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the raceway of the inner ring of the deep groove ball bearing of the same embodiment.
１ 内輪 ２ 外輪 ５ 耐摩耗用めっき膜 ６ 粒界腐食による隙間 1 Inner ring 2 Outer ring 5 Wear-resistant plating film 6 Gap due to intergranular corrosion
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.6 識別記号 庁内整理番号 ＦＩ 技術表示箇所 Ｆ１６Ｃ 33/62 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. 6 Identification code Internal reference number FI technical display location F16C 33/62
Claims (2)
に耐摩耗用めっき膜が被覆形成されている、ことを特徴
とする軸受部品。1. A bearing component, characterized in that a wear-resistant plating film is formed by coating on the surface of a steel base material which has been subjected to intergranular corrosion treatment.
晶粒径より小さいことを特徴とする請求項１の軸受部
品。2. The bearing component according to claim 1, wherein the value of the depth of the intergranular corrosion treatment is smaller than the crystal grain size of the base material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22982394A JP3535896B2 (en) | 1994-09-26 | 1994-09-26 | Bearing parts |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22982394A JP3535896B2 (en) | 1994-09-26 | 1994-09-26 | Bearing parts |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0893773A true JPH0893773A (en) | 1996-04-09 |
| JP3535896B2 JP3535896B2 (en) | 2004-06-07 |
Family
ID=16898237
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22982394A Expired - Lifetime JP3535896B2 (en) | 1994-09-26 | 1994-09-26 | Bearing parts |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3535896B2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT410426B (en) * | 1997-08-01 | 2003-04-25 | Wahl Verschleiss Tech | Wearing |
| DE10243349B4 (en) * | 2001-09-19 | 2007-06-14 | Honda Giken Kogyo K.K. | Separator for a fuel cell and method of making the same |
| JP2008151217A (en) * | 2006-12-15 | 2008-07-03 | Jtekt Corp | Rolling bearing |
-
1994
- 1994-09-26 JP JP22982394A patent/JP3535896B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT410426B (en) * | 1997-08-01 | 2003-04-25 | Wahl Verschleiss Tech | Wearing |
| DE10243349B4 (en) * | 2001-09-19 | 2007-06-14 | Honda Giken Kogyo K.K. | Separator for a fuel cell and method of making the same |
| JP2008151217A (en) * | 2006-12-15 | 2008-07-03 | Jtekt Corp | Rolling bearing |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3535896B2 (en) | 2004-06-07 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP2002235748A (en) | Rolling sliding component | |
| JP3326912B2 (en) | Rolling bearing | |
| JP4227897B2 (en) | Rolling bearing with ceramic rolling element and steel inner or outer ring | |
| JPH06337016A (en) | Corrosion resistant rolling bearing | |
| JP3535896B2 (en) | Bearing parts | |
| JPS6246018A (en) | Rolling bearing | |
| JP3785198B2 (en) | Rolling bearing | |
| KR20020042833A (en) | Hybrid ball bearing with oblique contact | |
| JP2946272B2 (en) | Rolling bearing | |
| JP3761731B2 (en) | Rolling bearing | |
| JPH10205541A (en) | Rolling bearing | |
| JP2009222139A (en) | Rolling bearing and rolling bearing with alignment ring | |
| JP2006046373A (en) | Rolling bearing | |
| JP3654990B2 (en) | Ceramic bearing | |
| JP2009197820A (en) | Resin ball bearing | |
| JP2007056940A (en) | Thrust needle roller bearing | |
| JPH1047359A (en) | Rolling bearing | |
| JPH09229072A (en) | Rolling bearing | |
| JPH0942296A (en) | Corrosion resistant rolling bearing | |
| JP3811599B2 (en) | Bearing cage | |
| JP3160742B2 (en) | Ball screw | |
| JPH06159369A (en) | Anti-corrosive roller bearing | |
| JP2017115966A (en) | Rolling bearing | |
| JP3931913B2 (en) | Rolling bearing | |
| JP2000205280A (en) | Rolling/sliding component |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A521 | Written amendment |
Effective date: 20031222 Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 |
|
| TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Effective date: 20040217 Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 |
|
| A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20040315 |
|
| R150 | Certificate of patent (=grant) or registration of utility model |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
| S533 | Written request for registration of change of name |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313533 |
|
| R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (prs date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20090319 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (prs date is renewal date of database) |
Year of fee payment: 5 Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20090319 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (prs date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20100319 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (prs date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110319 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (prs date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120319 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (prs date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120319 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (prs date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130319 Year of fee payment: 9 |