JPH0885039A - Wiper - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a wiper with a lip, in which the follow-up speed of the lip part corresponding to the change of a gap between a cover and the lip part is high, and a change in sliding resistance is small, and which has a long life. CONSTITUTION: A wiper 10 formed by sticking a thin spring steel plate 10B to the forward end part of a wiper main body 10A made by a rubber material in such a manner as to be projected is installed on the end face of the sleeve part 9a of a fixed cover. Even in the case where a wavy moving cover 8 is moved by the wiper 10, the displacement of the forward end lip part 10a is large, and the lip part is displaced in short-periodically, the lip part is always kept from separating from the opposite surface by the quick response repulsion of the thin spring steel plate, and a good wiper effect can be maintained. There is little change in sliding resistance which has a bad effect on the moving positioning accuracy by the rubber material and a low serial spring constant of the spring steel plate, and further as the rubber material is protected from high temperature chips by the thin spring steel plate so as to decrease deterioration.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a wiper with a lip that closes a gap between covers that move relative to each other in a machine tool to prevent chips and cutting fluid from entering.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, a movable cover 8 fixed to a saddle 2 which is movable in a spindle axis (Z axis) direction of a lathe and a fixed fixation to a cutting region side end surface of a spindle stock 6. In order to close the gap at the intersection with the cover 9, FIG.
It was usual to attach a rubber wiper 101 made of beech rubber as shown in (4) to the sleeve portion 9a of the fixed cover 9 to prevent chips and cutting fluid from entering the sliding surface.

This rubber wiper 101 has a structure in which the lip portion 101a is pressed against the movable cover 8 by utilizing the elasticity of rubber to enhance the sealing effect. If the change in the gap becomes large, the change in the pressing margin of the lip part becomes large and the sliding resistance changes greatly, which adversely affects the positioning accuracy of the saddle 2.

Further, since the rubber wiper wears quickly when hit by hot chips and has a short life, it is necessary to provide a sheet metal protective cover 102 as shown in FIG. 6 to avoid direct hits of the chips. With such a rubber wiper 101, when the rapid traverse speed of the saddle has recently increased, the lip portion cannot follow the movable cover in time due to a change in the gap between the covers, and the lip portion is separated from the movable cover. Defects such as poor sealing have become noticeable.

As a technique developed to eliminate these defects, there is a wiper disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 2-48207, which is known as a cover of a machine tool. As shown in FIG. 7, the fixed cover 103 has a tip end portion to which a base end portion of a strip-shaped thin metal elastic body 104 is fixed by a bolt or the like so as to extend along the tip end portion. Metal elastic body 1
The free end portion 104a of No. 04 is folded back to form a loop-shaped small arc and is elastically pressed against the inner surface of the movable cover 105.

[0006]

Since the wiper disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 2-48207 described in the prior art is composed only of a thin metal elastic body, it has a wear resistance and a followability. Although effective, in a horizontally long wiper having a long lip portion in contact with the movable cover 105, a thin metal elastic body has an excessively high spring constant as a wiper and becomes extremely thin and unrealistic. Therefore, it is necessary to make the length of the bendable free tip portion as long as possible to reduce the rigidity and bring it closer to the elasticity as a wiper.

Since the wiper having a long free tip is used, a large gap must be provided between the fixed cover and the movable cover, which is limited to the case where there is sufficient space in the design. It has the problem of not being able to. Further, when the gap between the fixed cover and the movable cover is large, the thin metal elastic wiper has a problem that the sealing property at the bent portion of the cover is deteriorated and another sealing member is required at the bent portion. There is.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems of the prior art. The object of the present invention is that it can be used for ordinary covers, has little change in sliding resistance, and has good followability. Therefore, it is intended to provide a wiper having a long life.

[0009]

In order to achieve the above object, a wiper according to the present invention is a wiper with a lip for closing a gap between at least two covers which relatively move to prevent invasion of chips and cutting fluid. Then, a strip-shaped thin-walled spring steel plate is bonded to the tip of the wiper body made of a rubber material to bend freely so as to project along the tip, thereby forming an integrated unit,
The front end of the thin spring steel plate is a lip portion.

[0010]

[Operation] A strip-shaped member is formed by fixing the base end of the wiper body made of a rubber material to the surface of the fixed side cover facing the moving side cover with a set screw or the like, and protruding to the freely bendable tip of the wiper body. The thin lip of the thin spring steel plate is pressed against the surface facing the movable cover by the elasticity of a low spring constant as a series spring composed of a rubber material and a spring steel plate. And, for example, when the wiper-corresponding surface is inclined and the change in the gap is large, or when the moving cover that is wavy is moved, the lip portion does not separate from the moving cover due to the quick response of the thin spring steel plate. Keeps close contact and maintains high sealing performance. Further, due to the low spring constant of the series spring, even if the displacement of the lip portion is large, there is almost no change in the sliding resistance, which does not adversely affect the movement positioning accuracy of the machine. Further, the wiper body made of rubber material is protected from high temperature cutting chips by a thin spring steel plate, so that it has little deterioration due to aged use and has a long life.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the partial perspective view of the lathe showing the headstock and the tool rest of FIG. 1, a saddle 2 is movably mounted on a guide 1 in the Z-axis direction of the bed, and is perpendicular to the spindle axis of the saddle 2 (X-axis). On the direction guide 2a, a tool rest 4 is placed via a middle stand 3 so as to be movable and positioned. The turret 5 is provided with a turret 5 capable of swiveling and indexing around a swiveling center axis in the Z-axis direction, and a plurality of tool mounting stations of the turret 5 can be detachably replaced with unillustrated tools. ing.

On the other hand, a spindle head 6 is installed on the left side of the bed, and a spindle 7 is rotatably supported by the spindle stock 6. An L-shaped movable cover 8 that covers the Z-axis guide 1 and separates the rear space from the working area is fixed to the headstock side end surface of the saddle 2, and the movable cover 8 moves together with the saddle. A fixed cover 9 is attached to the end surface of the headstock 6 on the work area side.
Is attached, and there is a gap δ as shown in FIG. 2 between the sleeve portion 9a of the fixed cover 9 facing the moving cover 8 and the fixed cover 8. Sleeve part 9
A wiper 10 of the present invention shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 is fastened by a set screw 12 to the end face of a.

The wiper main body 10A of the wiper 10 is a rubber material formed by using a metal mold having a base end portion attached to the sleeve portion 9a and a free end portion following the base end portion, and a strip-shaped thin spring steel plate at the tip end portion. 10B is firmly adhered by a vulcanization adhesion method or the like at the time of rubber molding so that it protrudes by approximately 1/2 width. Further, a plate metal 11 is adhered to the base end in the same manner, and the tip of the thin spring steel plate 10B is formed on a lip portion 10a which is elastically pressed against the moving cover 8.

Further, a collar 13 thinner than the thickness of the rubber of the wiper body 10A by a tightening margin is adhesively embedded in the mounting hole portion of the wiper body 10A by the same method.
The center hole of 3 serves as a mounting hole for the set screw 13, and when the wiper body 10A is fastened to the sleeve portion 9a of the fixed cover from above the pad 11 by the set screw 12, the tightening force of the set screw 12 is used. It is designed to prevent deformation of the rubber material.

The wiper 10 constructed as described above.
According to this, when the movable cover 8 moves together with the saddle 2, the lip portion 10a is displaced and the wiper 10 bends in accordance with the change in the gap δ between the fixed cover 9 and the movable cover 8. The combined spring constant (K) of the thin spring steel plate 10B and the wiper body 10A at this time is a series in which the spring constant (K ₁ ) of the thin spring steel plate 10B and the spring constant (K ₂ ) of the rubber of the wiper body 10A are combined. It can be calculated by the following formula based on the principle of spring. K = 1 / {(1 / K ₁ ) + (1 / K ₂ )} = (K ₁ · K
₂ ) / (K ₁ + K ₂ )

Therefore, the combined spring constant (K) is smaller than the individual spring constants (K ₁ , K ₂ ). Therefore, FIG.
When the inclination of the wiper-corresponding surface of the movable cover 8 is large as indicated by the phantom line, the increase in sliding resistance is small despite the large bending of the wiper 10. Further, as shown by the phantom line in FIG. 3, when the wiper-corresponding surface of the movable cover 8 has a wavy corrugation, the wiper 10 must bend rapidly due to a short-period fluctuation of the gap δ, whereas the thin spring steel plate 10
B has a fast resilience and follows at high speed.
0a does not separate from the corresponding surface of the moving cover 8. Further, since the surface of the wiper body 10A made of a rubber material facing the cutting region is covered with the thin spring steel plate 10B, it can sufficiently withstand high-temperature chips directly hit at high speed, and the life of the wiper is extended.

FIG. 4 shows the lip portion 1 according to the change in the gap δ.
It is a line graph figure which shows the amount of displacement of 0a, and the relationship of unit stress. The broken line shown by the solid line is the conventional rubber wiper 101 of FIG. 5, and the broken line shown by the broken line is the wiper 10 of the present invention.
The relationship between the displacement amount of each lip and the unit stress is shown. According to the figure, in the wiper 10 of the present invention, the unit stress hardly changes even when the amount of displacement increases, and it is normally 1/2 or less than that of the conventional rubber wiper 101. Therefore, as in the case of the conventional rubber wiper 101, when the amount of displacement increases, the sliding resistance suddenly increases and the positioning accuracy of the saddle 2 is not adversely affected.

[0018]

Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following effects. A strip-shaped thin spring steel plate is adhered to the flexible tip of the wiper body made of rubber so as to project, and the projecting tip surface of the thin spring steel plate is formed on the lip portion, and the wiper body and the thin spring steel plate are joined together. Since it is a wiper with a lip that has a low spring constant as a combined series spring, there is almost no change in sliding resistance even if the gap between the covers is relatively large, which adversely affects the movement positioning accuracy of the machine. Can be reduced.

Further, due to the quick resilience of the thin spring steel plate against the short-term rapid fluctuation of the gap between the covers, the followability of the lip portion is improved so that it does not separate from the corresponding surface, and cutting fluid, cutting chips, etc. Improves the sealing effect of preventing the entry of the into the sliding surface. Further, since the wiper body made of a rubber material is covered with the thin spring steel plate, wear of the high-temperature chips directly hit is less and the life of the wiper is extended.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial perspective view showing a headstock, a saddle, a movable cover, and a fixed cover portion of a lathe according to this embodiment, which is mainly for showing a mounting position of a wiper, and is partially referred to in a conventional technique. It is a figure.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the wiper attached to the fixed cover,
The virtual line represents the inclination of the wiper corresponding surface of the moving cover.

FIG. 3 is a side view of the wiper attached to the same fixed cover as in FIG. 2, and an imaginary line represents the waviness of the waveform on the wiper corresponding surface of the movable cover.

FIG. 4 is a line graph showing the relationship between the amount of change in the lip portion and the unit stress. The broken line represents the wiper of the present invention, and the solid line represents the wiper of the conventional technique.

FIG. 5 is a side view of a rubber wiper attached to a conventional fixed cover.

FIG. 6 is a side view of a conventional rubber wiper in which a steel plate protection cover for preventing deterioration due to cutting chips is attached to the wiper of FIG.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a conventional wiper made of a thin metal elastic body.

[Explanation of symbols]

 8 Moving cover 9 Fixed cover 10 Wiper 10A Wiper body 10B Thin spring steel plate 10a Lip part 11 Abutment plate 12 Set screw

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A wiper with a lip at least two of which covers a gap between covers that move relative to each other to prevent intrusion of cutting chips and cutting fluid. 2. The wiper characterized in that the thin spring steel plate is adhered so as to project along the tip portion to be integrated, and the tip end of the thin spring steel sheet is a lip portion.