JPH0884533A - Simple post-planting care equipment for seedling graft - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a simple post-planting care equipment for seedling grafts, capable of improving a take ratio of a graft and smoothing acclimation after take by simple constitution, having an low cost of equipment. CONSTITUTION: In a simple post-planting care equipment for seedling grafts equipped with a tunnel part 1 coverable through a strut 10 with a covering sheet 11 in a closed state of a tunnel, a housing box 20 which puts plural seedlings 2 to be cared for planting in the tunnel part and a water supplying means 3 for feeding a nutrient/water to the seedling, the covering sheet 11 is nonwoven fabric having high density obtained by flash spinning.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a simple curing facility for seedling grafting to promote rooting, that is, rooting and growth of seedlings such as tomato and cucumber after grafting.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Grafting is now an indispensable cultivation technique in order to avoid soil damage such as bacterial wilt and aim for stable crop production. However, if care is not taken for the curing after grafting, the survival will become unstable and valuable seedlings will be wasted, so further improvement of the curing technique is desired. Since the curing facility using the artificial weather room has the problem that the installation cost and the operating cost are high and it is difficult to spread, various simple curing facilities with simple configurations have been proposed in order to solve this problem. There is. For example, a tunnel portion supported by a support can be covered with a covering sheet in a tunnel-tight manner, and a tray-shaped storage box containing a plurality of seedlings that have been grafted is placed in the tunnel portion for curing seedling grafting. There is a simple curing facility. Among them, as the cover sheet, one using an aluminum vapor deposition film in which an aluminum foil is vapor deposited on polyethylene, vinyl chloride resin or the like is widely used in order to increase the light reflectance.
The reason for its widespread use is that in order to improve the survival rate, it is better that the temperature inside the tunnel does not rise much due to sunlight or the outside air temperature and the temperature change is small.

[0003]

However, compared with a curing facility equipped with an artificial climate chamber, a simple curing facility using an aluminum vapor-deposited film has a low capital investment, but its survival rate is remarkably small. There is a problem that the seedlings are wasted, resulting in higher production costs. Further, the aluminum vapor deposition film itself stores heat because the reflectance of a wavelength portion of 700 nm or more, which particularly contributes to heat in light, is significantly smaller than that of a visible light portion of less than that, and the absorptance is opposite, It was causing the temperature inside the tunnel to rise. Further, since the aluminum vapor deposition film has a remarkably small light transmittance (illuminance), it has been a factor that adversely affects the completion of grafting by photosynthesis and subsequent acclimation.

Therefore, the object of the present invention is to pay attention to the material of the covering sheet which influences the temperature and illuminance which are the conditions for improving the survival rate, and it is possible to improve the survival rate of the graft with a simple structure and the equipment cost. It is to provide a simple curing facility for seedling grafting at low cost.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a simple curing facility for seedling grafting according to the present invention comprises a pillar and
A tunnel part supported by this pillar, a covering sheet that can cover this tunnel part in a tunnel-tight manner, a storage box that can store multiple seedlings to be cured in this tunnel part, and a supply of water and nutrients to this seedling. In a simple curing facility for seedling grafting equipped with possible water supply means, the covering sheet is
It is characterized in that it is made of a non-woven fabric in which filaments produced by the flash spinning method are bonded together at high density.

[0006] Preferably, the tunnel portion is provided in the house.

[0007]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, a side wall 40 is provided on a field G to form a water tank 4, and the water tank is covered with a waterproof sheet 41 using a waste vinyl sheet so that the water can be flooded. The size of the water tank may be any size as long as it can cover the amount absorbed by the seedlings during the curing period and the amount required to evaporate and keep the inside of the tunnel at an appropriate humidity. If the water tank 4 is filled with this amount of water (nutrient solution), this water will evaporate and the humidity in the sealed tunnel portion 1 described later can be maintained, promoting the survival of the graft. You can Since the waterproof sheet 41 is used to store water in the water tank, any waterproof material may be used.

The water tank 4 has a mounting table 2 protruding from the water surface W.
1 is provided, and a water supply sheet 3, which is a water supply means, extends from the mounting table to the water. Water supply sheet 3
Can be a commercially available one that can absorb water from the water tank to the mounting table by the capillary phenomenon. On the mounting table 21, a storage box 20 that stores a plurality of seedlings 2 that have been grafted,
It is placed so that water can be supplied to the seedlings through the water supply sheet 3. On the outer periphery of the water tank 4, there is provided a tunnel portion 1 which is covered with a covering sheet 11 in a tunnel-tight manner via a pillar 10 made of a synthetic resin or a metal pipe, and is opened and closed by raising and lowering one end of the covering sheet. It is possible. The size of the tunnel portion 1 may be a size that allows work to be performed easily while standing inside the tunnel portion 1, or may be smaller than that.

In this embodiment, the tunnel portion 1 is provided in the glass house (not shown) in order to prevent external influences from wind and rain, but it may be a vinyl house or may not be provided.

The covering sheet 11 used in this embodiment is a non-woven sheet (for example, Tyvek (registered trademark) manufactured by DuPont Co., Ltd.) in which long filament filaments of polyolefin are bonded at high density by a commercially available flash spinning method. . As the synthetic resin constituting the non-woven fabric, polyolefin, particularly high-density polyolefin, is preferable, but polypropylene or a copolymer with polyolefin can also be used. If necessary, an additive such as an ultraviolet absorber may be added to improve durability.

Non-woven fabric produced by flash spinning (for example,
Tyvek 1422A) is superior to aluminum vapor-deposited film (for example, neopolyshine) in characteristics such as light reflectance required for the cover sheet of the present invention as shown in Table 1. By the way, the light radiated to the cover sheet is reflected by the cover sheet (indicated by reflectance), absorbed by the cover sheet to store heat (indicated by absorptance), and transmitted through the cover sheet (transmitted). Displayed as a rate). Among these, the reflectance, the absorptance, and the absorptance are related to each other, and affect the temperature change in the tunnel portion, and the transmittance affects the photosynthesis. (Table 1) Types of coating sheets Reflectivity% Absorbance% Transmittance% Tyvek 1422A 91.30 0.83 7.87 Neopolishine 85.12 14.54 0.34 * According to experiments conducted by the Flowering Research Institute of the Vegetable and Tea Experiment Station, Ministry of International Trade and Industry. * Numerical values indicate the average value of reflectance, etc. at all wavelengths of light.

According to Table 1, the reflectance of light is larger than that of Tyvek in neopolyshine. In addition, the absorption rate (heat storage rate) of light energy in Tyvek is about 1/17 that of neopolyshine. For this reason, Tyvek can reduce the temperature change in the tunnel portion in terms of reflectance and absorptivity, as compared with neopolyshine.

The light transmittance of neopolyshine is a small value at which almost no light is transmitted, whereas Tyvek has a light transmittance of about 23 times that of neopolyshine. Therefore, neopolyshine is excellent in terms of suppressing the temperature rise due to the transmission of light energy. However, in terms of photosynthesis by the transmitted light, neopolyshine, which hardly transmits light, is inferior.

By the way, according to the brochure of Tyvek manufacturer DuPont Co., Ltd., Tyvek is
Compared to the O-based aluminum vapor-deposited film, it exhibits excellent reflectance and absorptance at all wavelengths of light (not shown). Particularly, the reflectance / absorptivity in the wavelength region of 700 nm or more, which is particularly related to heat, does not differ much from the reflectance or the like in the visible light region below that. On the other hand, as described above, the aluminum vapor-deposited film has a significantly smaller reflectance in the wavelength region of 700 nm or longer than that in the visible light region of less than 700 nm, and since the absorptivity is opposite, heat is accumulated and the inside of the tunnel is stored. Is causing the temperature rise. Therefore, as shown in Table 1, Tyvek is superior to the aluminum vapor-deposited film in the average value of reflectance and the like at all wavelengths of light, but is even better in the long-wave portion related to heat.

Next, at the Kumamoto Agricultural Research Center, it was investigated which conditions such as light reflectance, absorptance and transmittance are important for improving the survival rate. A non-woven fabric (Tyvek 700A
The results of experiments on the survival rate of tomatoes using G) will be described using Table 2. Aquarium 4 used for this experiment
The side wall 40 has a vertical width (front width in FIG. 1) of about 60c.
m, width (depth) of about 500 cm, height (depth) of about 15
It was provided in cm. The water tank 4 was filled with water (solution) to a water depth of about 10 cm. Love mat U (trade name) was used for the water supply sheet 3. House Momotaro (variety name) was used as the scoop of the experiment, and Kagemusha (variety name) was used as the rootstock. As a comparative example, a love sheet that is a polyester long-fiber non-woven fabric by a spun bond method, a love sheet SD of aluminum vapor deposition film and a wave block # 2
700 was used.

The experiment method will be described. For the first two days, the tray 20 containing a plurality of seedlings 2 grafted on it is placed on the mounting table 2.
It is placed on top of 1 and sealed inside the tunnel 1. On the third day, the covering sheet 11 is uncovered for about 30 minutes each in the morning and evening, sunshine and outside air are taken in, and a syringe (spray) is performed. On the fourth day, the covering sheet 11 is removed from the tunnel portion 1, the syringe is used several times, and the covering sheet is covered again when the seedlings wither. On the 5th day, the covering sheet is removed all day and the syringe is used several times.

The results obtained in this way are shown in Table 2 below. (Table 2) Grafting date Type of coated sheet Survival rate (%) December 6, 1993 Tyvek 700AG 84.1 way block # 2700 27.0 May 31, 1994 Tyvek 700AG 94.1 July 1994 13 Japan Tyvek 700AG 75.0 Love Sheet 12.5 Love Sheet SD 36.1 Table 2 shows that the survival rate of Tyvek made by the flash spinning method is that of Way Block # 2700 and Love Sheet S.
As compared with the aluminum vapor deposition film such as D, the survival rate is about 2-3 times higher. From this, when there is no great difference in reflectance as shown in Table 1, the flash-spinning method coated sheet that transmits about 23 times as much light as the aluminum vapor-deposited film that hardly transmits light shows As shown in FIG. 2, it was found that the survival rate was about 2-3 times. It seems that photosynthesis was promoted.

Further, the love sheet having the largest transmittance in the test examples had a poorer survival rate than the love sheet SD in which aluminum was vapor-deposited. From this, it was found that if the transmittance is high, the photosynthesis promotes the survival, but if the transmittance is too high, the temperature rises too much, and the survival is hindered. This is also the reason why aluminum vapor-deposited films have become popular in the past.

Further, as shown in Table 2, Tyvek is
A high survival rate of 84% or higher was obtained on December 6th and May 31st, but was 75% on July 13th.
Was low. From this, the temperature in the curing facility is about 36
It was found that when the temperature was not higher than 0 ° C, the survival rate was high, and when the temperature was higher than 38 ° C, the survival rate was lowered.

In this experiment, the curing facility (tunnel part) was provided in the glass house, and the experiment was conducted without shielding the house itself. Therefore, the temperature inside the curing facility was higher than the outside temperature. If the temperature in the house is forcibly reduced by shading it with a gauze cloth, the survival rate will be further increased.

[0021]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, since the nonwoven fabric in which the filaments produced by the flash spinning method are bonded together at a high density is used as the coating sheet for covering the tunnel portion, compared with the coating sheet not produced by the flash spinning method, While the light reflectance increases, the light energy absorption rate (heat storage rate) decreases, and the temperature change in the tunnel can be reduced.
In addition, since the light transmittance has been improved, the photo
The formation of new rootstock organization is promoted. Therefore, the survival rate of the seedlings is improved and the acclimation after the rooting is facilitated. Moreover, since the tunnel portion is provided in the house, the tunnel portion is not directly affected by external influences such as wind and rain, and the survival is further improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view illustrating an embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Tunnel part 10 Support 11 Cover sheet 2 Seedling 20 Storage box (tray) 3 Water supply means (water supply sheet)

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A pillar (10), a tunnel portion (1) supported by the pillar, a cover sheet (11) capable of covering the tunnel portion in a tunnel-tight manner, and a plurality of curing members in the tunnel portion. In a simple curing facility for seedling grafting, which comprises a storage box (20) capable of storing the seedlings (2) and a water supply means (3) capable of supplying the seedlings with nutrients and water, the material for the covering sheet (11) Is a simple curing facility for seedling grafting, which is made of a non-woven fabric in which filaments produced by flash spinning are densely joined. 2. The simple curing facility for seedling grafting according to claim 1, wherein the tunnel portion (1) is provided in a house.