JPH0873207A - Apparatus for producing active carbon - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide an apparatus for producing active carbon which features good thermal efficiency and sure transportation and occupies a smaller floor area. CONSTITUTION: A vertical type hermetic furnace 3 is internally segmented to plural chambers 6, 7, 8, 9 and these chambers are formed of hermetic structures. This furnace is provided with openable and closable gates 11 between the respective chambers and further, steam supplying means 22a, 22b, 22c and electric discharge plates 17 are disposed. Carbonaceous materials 33 are supplied from a supply port 31 disposed in the upper part into the vertical type hermetic furnace 3. These carbonaceous materials 33 are directly energized under atomizing of the steam 10 the chambers described above in the upper parts in the vertical type hermetic furnace 3 and thereafter, the gates 11 are opened. The carbonaceous materials subjected to the energization treatment are again energized under atomizing of the steam in the lower chambers communicating with these gates; thereafter, these stages are continuously executed repetitively within the respective chambers 8, 9.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an activated carbon production apparatus, and more particularly to an activated carbon production apparatus suitable for producing a carbonaceous material into activated carbon and reactivating used activated carbon.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Palm husks are most preferably used as a raw material for producing activated carbon, but in recent years, activated carbon has also been produced by using waste tires for the purpose of treating industrial waste.

In order to obtain activated carbon from such a carbonaceous material, first, the carbonaceous material is dry-distilled in a dry distillation furnace to give conductivity, and the carbonaceous material provided with this conductivity is further heated for a long time. I was trying to get activated carbon.

In order to heat the carbonized material which has been carbonized as described above, the carbonaceous material is housed in a horizontal rotary cylinder called a rotary kiln, for example, and heated from the outside by burning heavy oil or the like to activate carbon. Was being manufactured.

[0005]

By the way, when the activated carbon is produced in this way, the activated carbon itself is a poor conductor of heat, so even if it is heated from the outside by burning heavy oil or the like, the thermal efficiency is poor and the fuel cost is low. There was a problem that it was bulky and costly.

Further, since the rotary kiln is of a horizontal type, there is a problem that a material to be laterally fed is caught in the middle of the rotary kiln and it cannot be conveyed well, and further, there is a problem that a large installation space must be secured. .

In view of the above situation, the present invention has good thermal efficiency,
It is an object of the present invention to provide an activated carbon manufacturing apparatus that can be transported reliably and that can be installed in a compact space.

[0008]

In the apparatus for producing activated carbon according to the present invention for achieving the above object, a vertical closed furnace is vertically divided into a plurality of chambers, and each of the chambers has a closed structure. In addition, a gate that can be opened and closed is provided between the chambers that are vertically adjacent to each other, and a steam supply means and a discharge plate are further provided in each of the chambers, and the gate is provided above the vertical closed furnace. From the supply port, the carbonaceous material to which conductivity is given is supplied into the vertical closed furnace, and the carbonaceous material is directly energized in the upper chamber of the closed furnace in the spray of water vapor. , The gate is opened and in the lower chamber communicating with the gate, the carbonaceous material that has been subjected to the electricity treatment is re-energized in the spray of steam, and thereafter this process is repeated continuously in each chamber below. It is characterized by being able to perform.

[0009]

According to the present invention having the above-mentioned structure, the carbonaceous material is first energized for a predetermined time in the upper room of the plurality of vertically arranged rooms. Then, the carbonaceous material is dropped into the lower room by opening the gate of this room. Then, in the lower room, electricity is similarly supplied for a predetermined time. Further, when electricity is supplied in the lower room for a predetermined time, the gate of the lower room is opened to drop the carbonaceous material into the room further below. After that,
The same operation is repeated in the room below.

After the carbonaceous material is energized stepwise in this manner, the carbonaceous material is sequentially dropped into the lower room to energize it, so that the transportation is reliable, and the carbonaceous material is almost uniformly finished into activated carbon. You can go. Moreover, since the installation space becomes long in the vertical direction, it can be accommodated in a compact structure.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An activated carbon manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an apparatus for producing activated carbon according to the present invention.

In this manufacturing apparatus 1, the legs 2 have a plurality of bases 2.
Since the outer peripheral surface of the vertical closed furnace 3 which is supported by and is vertically extended in the height direction is formed of the refractory brick 4, the vertical closed furnace 3 is thermally insulated from the outside. Further, the vertical closed furnace 3 has a lid 5 on the top. The main body of such a vertical closed furnace 3 is integrally formed on the outside, but the inside is divided into a plurality of chambers, for example, five chambers.

Of the plurality of chambers, the uppermost first chamber 6 constitutes a hopper for initially storing a predetermined amount of material, and the upper part of the first chamber 6 constituting this hopper. In addition, the lid 5 is installed. In addition, an inlet pipe 31 for supplying a carbonaceous material is inserted into the first chamber 6. A transfer means 32 is installed at the upper opening of the feed pipe 31, and the carbonaceous material 33 transferred from the transfer means 32 is continuously or intermittently fed into the first chamber 6. It is thrown in.

A second room 7, a third room 8, a fourth room 9 and a fifth room 10 are continuously formed at a lower position subsequent to the first room 6. The fifth chamber 10 at the lowermost end is provided with foreign matter removing means for removing wires and the like contained in the waste tire as described later.

Gates 11 that can be opened and closed are provided on the bottom of each of these rooms, and these gates 11 can be opened and closed for a predetermined time as needed. In addition,
The gate 11 may be double-opened or single-opened.

Further, a central exhaust passage 12 is formed in the height direction on the wall surface forming the first room 6 to the fifth room 10, and the exhaust gas generated in each room is temporarily exhausted. Gas treatment (not shown) introduced into the central exhaust passage 12 through the pipes 13, 14, 15 and led to the outside through an exhaust duct 16 connected to the central exhaust passage 12 and connected downstream. It is released to the atmosphere after being appropriately treated by the device.

The second room 7, the third room 8 and the fourth room 9 each constitute an electric heating room,
In these electric heating chambers, a plurality of discharge plates 17 are installed at positions facing each other. In addition, these discharge plates 17
The electric control of is performed by the controller 18. In the second chamber 7, the third chamber 8 and the fourth chamber 9 which constitute such an electric heating chamber, a pair of discharge plates 17 facing each other,
When an electric current is applied between the discharge plates 17, a discharge is generated between the raw material particles of the carbonaceous material embedded between the discharge plates 17, and the discharge heats the carbonaceous material.

In the second chamber 7, the third chamber 8 and the fourth chamber 9 which constitute the energization heating chamber, a jetting means (not shown) such as nitrogen gas is arranged so that the air in the energization chamber is released. It is possible to replace with an inert gas.

Further, a water supply pipe 19 for introducing water from the outside is inserted in the outer wall of the third chamber 8.
The water supply pipe 19 is piped downward so as to surround the inside of the outer wall made of the refractory brick 4, and is connected to the steam generator 21 by a connecting pipe 20 exposed and piped further downward. Then, the hot water previously heated in the outer wall by the water supply pipe 19 and supplied to the steam generator 21 is further steamed by the steam generator 21,
Jets 22a, 22 connected to a pipe 22 extending vertically
It is jetted again into the second chamber 7, the third chamber 8 and the fourth chamber 9 via b and 22c.

On the other hand, when a current is applied to the discharge plate 17,
The electric current flows while discharging between the electrode material layers, that is, between the carbonaceous materials, and the temperature becomes high in a short time, so that a large amount of heat is released to the surroundings. When such discharge occurs, activated carbon can be manufactured from the carbonaceous material to which conductivity is given. Further, in the energization heating chamber, the electric discharge promotes the perforation and breakage, and the steam of the carbonaceous material having a higher temperature is reacted with the steam supplied from the pipe 22, so that the surface is corroded and the activated carbon becomes fine. Be converted.

Since activated carbon has a large electric conductivity and a large current flows at a low voltage, in order to prevent this,
In the second room 7, the third room 8 and the fourth room 9, it is advisable to accommodate an electrically defective conductor such as calcium carbonate. By accommodating such a defective conductor, it becomes possible to increase the contact resistance of the activated carbon and allow an excessive current to flow at a high voltage.

The lower portion of the fifth chamber 10 is formed in a mortar shape, and the width thereof becomes narrower toward the lower side. Further, mesh plates 23, 23 are detachably installed as foreign matter removing means on the lower surface of the fifth chamber 10. By disposing such a mesh plate 23, it is possible to remove foreign matters contained in the carbonaceous material that has fallen onto the mesh plate 23.

Further, in the vertical closed furnace 3 in which the hopper, the three electric heating chambers, and the foreign matter removing chamber are defined as described above, each gate 11 which is normally closed can be opened and closed separately. . In addition, after a certain gate is opened and closed, a current is made to flow through the discharge plate 17 in the energization heating chamber located below at a predetermined timing for a predetermined time. As a result, for example, when the gate 11 installed on the lower surface of the second chamber 7 is opened, the carbonaceous material contained in the second chamber 7 drops from the gate 11 and the lower third It is stored in the room 8. Also,
The opened gate 11 is restored to the original closed state.
As a result, the inside of the third chamber 8 has a closed structure. After that, the discharge plate 17 in the third room 8 having the closed structure is formed.
An electric current is applied to the carbonaceous material, and the carbonaceous material dropped into the third chamber 8 is heated in the third chamber 8 for a predetermined time by discharge.

Therefore, in this manufacturing apparatus 1, the carbonaceous material initially contained in the first chamber 6 is changed to the second chamber 7
Then, the energization processing is performed in the inside, then the energization processing is performed in the third room 8, and further, the energization processing is performed in the fourth room 9 and the fifth room 10.

As described above, in the activated carbon manufacturing apparatus 1, the carbonaceous material, which has been subjected to the energization treatment in the upper energization heating chamber for the predetermined time, is housed in the lower energization heating chamber, and thereafter, the energization treatment is performed again in the lower energization heating chamber. However, after that, it is possible to drop the material in the energization heating chamber one step further down and to perform the energization process in this energization heating chamber in the same manner. Moreover, when the energization process is performed in a certain room, the gates 11, 11 arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the room are closed, so that the thermal efficiency is good.

A reversing device or the like may be installed in each energization heating chamber, and the reversing device may invert the carbonaceous material to be dropped before dropping. Such inversion can contribute to obtaining a uniform activated carbon material as a whole. Further, since each of the electric heating chambers can have a substantially closed structure, it is possible to freely adjust the voltage to be increased or decreased depending on the finished condition of the activated carbon.

After that, by causing the carbonaceous material to be energized in each energization heating chamber, the carbonaceous material can be finished into activated carbon by the end of the treatment in the last energization heating chamber. The foreign matter can be removed on the lower surface of the lowermost fifth chamber 10.

As described above, in the activated carbon producing apparatus 1, the first
In the process of continuously falling from the room 6 to the fifth room 10, the activated carbon is produced and sequentially supplied into the activated carbon cooling device 24 installed downstream of the activated carbon.

The activated carbon cooling device 24 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and a screw conveyor 25 is installed in the axial direction. Further, a pipe 27 for flowing cooling water is spirally arranged around the outer circumference of the cylindrical main body 26. In this way, the cooling water is supplied to the outer periphery of the cylindrical main body 26, so that the activated carbon carried by the internal screw conveyor 25 is cooled.

On the other hand, an opening 28 is formed in the activated carbon cooling device 24 at a position facing the lower surface of the fifth chamber 10, and the activated carbon obtained in the vertical closed furnace 3 is passed through this opening 28. It is supplied into the activated carbon cooling device 24. At the lower end opposite to the opening 28, an activated carbon outlet 29
The activated carbon sequentially formed by the screw conveyor 25 is stored in the container or the like arranged below from the outlet 29.

The activated carbon producing apparatus 1 according to this embodiment is formed as described above, and its operation will be described below. Now, as the carbonaceous material 33, a waste tire is adopted, and the divided waste tires are sequentially conveyed from the conveying means 32, and the carbonaceous material 33 is supplied into the first chamber 6.

When a predetermined amount of waste tires are stored in the first room 6, the gate 11 in the first room 6 is opened for a predetermined time. Then, the carbonaceous material composed of the waste tires stored in the first chamber 6 falls downward and falls into the second chamber.
Will be accommodated in room 7 of Further, when the carbon chamber material is accommodated in the second chamber 7, the gate 11 in the first chamber 6 is closed. In synchronization with this, an appropriate current is passed between the discharge plates 17, 17 in the second chamber 7 and the discharge plate 1
A discharge is generated between the carbonaceous material embedded between No. 7 and No. 17,
This heat heats the carbonaceous material. At this time, water vapor is sprayed in the second chamber 7.

When the discharge in the second chamber 7 is carried out for a predetermined time, activated carbonization is promoted to some extent, but thereafter, the gate 11 in the second chamber 7 is opened and this second The carbonaceous material contained in the room 7 is dropped into the third room 8. Then, the gate 11 in the second room 7 is closed.

After that, the discharge plates 17, 1 in the third room 8
An appropriate electric current is applied between 7 and the carbonaceous material stored in the third chamber 8 is heated by electric discharge in the spray of water vapor. Therefore, the active carbonization of the carbonized material, which has been activated carbonized to some extent in the second chamber 7, is further promoted in the third chamber 8.

Subsequently, the gate 11 in the third room 8 is opened. Then, the carbonaceous material that has been subjected to the electric current treatment in the third chamber 8 is dropped into the fourth electric heating chamber 9 below. Then, the gate 11 in the third chamber 8 is closed again, this time an electric current is applied to the discharge plate 17 in the fourth chamber 9, and the activated carbon material is being sprayed with steam in the fourth chamber 9. Is energized. Therefore, the second
The carbonaceous material that has been subjected to the electric current treatment in the chamber 7 and the third chamber 8 is also repeatedly subjected to the electric current treatment. That is, the carbonaceous material sent from the first chamber 6 is supplied with an appropriate current and voltage by this time, so that complete activated carbon is produced.

When the gate 11 in the fourth room 9 is opened, the carbonaceous material in the fourth room 9 is dropped into the fifth room 10, but in the fifth room 10. The carbonaceous material finished into activated carbon is guided by the mortar-shaped slope and dropped into the opening 28. Then, the fine activated carbon passes through the mesh plate 23 and is introduced into the cooling device 24. On the other hand, foreign matters such as wires contained in the waste tire are locked by the mesh plate 23 and later. To be removed.

The activated carbon material dropped in the cooling device 24 is
While being guided by the screw conveyor 25 toward the take-out port 26, it is cooled by the cooling water flowing in the pipe 27 during the transfer. Therefore, it is sufficiently cooled by the time it is taken out from the take-out port 26, and even if it is exposed to the outside air, the activated carbon material is not oxidized and ashed.

When the carbonaceous material to be energized in the vertical closed furnace 3 is supplied into the first chamber 6, the carbonaceous material supplied first is the same in all the chambers in the vertical closed furnace 3. If the opening timing of each gate 11 is adjusted without waiting for the passage of the carbonaceous material, the carbonaceous material contained in each room is dropped step by step into the lower room, thus It is also possible to continuously energize the material. Such a processing speed is not particularly limited and is appropriately selected according to the carbonaceous material used. As the carbonaceous material to be used, coconut shell, wood, etc. can be used in addition to a waste tire, and it is not particularly limited. Furthermore, it can be used also when reactivating the used activated carbon.

Further, in the above-mentioned embodiment, three rooms are formed as the electric heating chambers, but the number of the electric heating chambers can be increased to about 10, for example. Also, other means can be used as the foreign matter removing means.

[0040]

As described above, in the apparatus for producing activated carbon according to the present invention, the vertical closed furnace is vertically divided into a plurality of compartments, each of which can be opened and closed in each room, the discharge plate, and the steam supply means. Therefore, first, by directly energizing the carbonaceous material for a predetermined time in a spray of water vapor in a room formed in the upper sealed structure, the activated carbonization of the carbonaceous material is promoted, and thereafter, By opening the gate, the carbonaceous material that had been energized in the upper room was dropped into the room below this, and then the opened gate was closed again, and the energization was carried out again in the lower room that had a closed structure. Since this process is repeated in order in the lower room in order, the carbonaceous material is uniformly energized and carbonized, so that a substantially uniform activated carbon should be produced. You can In addition, during manufacturing, the structure is such that it is dropped downwards in order, so that it can be transported reliably and the installation space becomes compact.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an apparatus for producing activated carbon according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Manufacturing apparatus 3 Vertical closed furnace 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 Room 11 Gate 17 Discharge plate 22a, 22b, 22c Jet outlet (supply means) 33 Carbonaceous material

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A vertical closed furnace is divided into a plurality of chambers in the vertical direction, and each of these chambers has a closed structure, and a gate that can be opened and closed is provided between vertically adjacent chambers. Further, a steam supply means and a discharge plate are arranged in each of these rooms, and a carbonaceous material having conductivity is supplied into the vertical closed furnace from a supply port provided at the upper part of the vertical closed furnace. Then, the carbonaceous material is directly energized in the room above the room in the closed furnace in the spray of water vapor, and then the energization process is performed in the room below to open the gate and communicate with this. The activated carbon producing apparatus is characterized in that the carbonaceous material thus obtained is re-energized in the spray of water vapor, and thereafter this step can be repeated continuously in each room below.