JPH0861801A - Refrigerating device and adsorption system - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To generate a cold heat equal to or lower than 0 deg.C, without inviting a deterioration of a refrigerant, by a chemical type refrigerating devide. CONSTITUTION: Containers 1, 2, respectively charged with reaction materials 3, 4, a condenser 7 executing a condensation of a refrigerant 8, a vessel 23 storing a liquid 21 executing a cool storage, an evaporator 10 set in the vessel 23, pipe 19 connecting through a valve 15 a liquid phase section of the condenser 7 and the evaporator 10, pipes 16, 17 connecting through valves 11, 12 the containers 1, 2, and the condenser 7, pipes 18, 20 connecting through valves 13, 14 the evaporator 10 and the containers 1, 2, a piping system including a pump 24 executing a circulation of the liquid 21 in the vessel 23, to a radiator 29, are compeised in the refirgerating device. In the condenser 7, and the evaporator 10, refrigerant that is not solidified at 0 deg.C is sealed. By this a cold heat equal to or lower than 0 deg.C can be generated, a liquid in a vessel can be solidified, and a large capacity of cool storage can be executed.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention combines a reaction material (or an adsorbent) that adsorbs or reacts with a refrigerant vapor to lower the pressure of the refrigerant vapor and a refrigerant to generate cold heat of 0 ° C. or less. The present invention relates to the configuration of a chemical-type refrigerating apparatus that can be used and a combination of a reaction material (adsorbent) and a refrigerant.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a known example related to the present invention, reference 1 (Ice water production by absorption refrigerator, No. 930-63, Proc. Of the 71st National Congress of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Vol D, P1
06-P108, Oct. 1999, 2-4 Hiroshima 4) and literature 2
(Industrial Materials, Vol 32, No. 5, P49-54, 1984).

[0003]

Document 1 discloses the result of freezing water as a refrigerant using an absorbent, but it has not been possible to produce cold heat of 0 ° C. or lower. Further, in Reference 2, there is some description about the use of silica gel as an adsorbent and methanol as a refrigerant to generate cold heat of 0 ° C. or less, but it does not disclose a specific apparatus configuration and does not disclose organic matter. However, since methanol is used by bringing it into contact with the adsorbent, there is a problem such as modification.

An object of the present invention is to provide a combination of a reaction material and a refrigerant which can generate cold heat of 0 ° C. or lower and which does not transform during use of the refrigerant, and also generate cold heat of 0 ° C. or lower to freeze the liquid. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a specific device configuration capable of storing large amounts of cold.

[0005]

As a refrigerant, an aqueous solution of an inorganic salt such as an aqueous solution of LiBr, an aqueous solution of CaCl _{2 and an} aqueous solution of NaCl, and a substance equivalent thereto are used. An evaporator containing such a refrigerant, a container containing a reaction material (or an adsorbent), and a condenser for condensing the vapor of the refrigerant are connected by a pipe to form a circulation loop.

The above object is to provide a plurality of containers for accommodating the reaction material and having a heat exchange means, and a condenser connected to each of the plurality of containers via a valve to condense the refrigerant vapor generated in the container. An evaporator connected to the condenser for evaporating a refrigerant therein, a tank in which the evaporator is installed and the evaporator is immersed in a liquid in the tank, the evaporator and each of the plurality of containers Is connected via a valve to guide the refrigerant vapor generated in the evaporator to the container, and heat utilization means provided in the tank, and at 0 ° C. in the condenser and the evaporator. This is achieved by a refrigeration system in which a refrigerant that does not solidify is enclosed.

The above-mentioned object is also to provide a plurality of vessels for accommodating the reaction material and having a heat exchange means, and condensers connected to the plurality of vessels via valves to condense the refrigerant vapor generated in the vessels. An evaporator connected to the condenser via a valve for evaporating a refrigerant therein; a tank arranged below the evaporator to store a liquid; and a liquid in the tank on the surface of the evaporator. And a pipe for guiding the refrigerant vapor generated in the evaporator to the container by connecting the evaporator and each of the plurality of containers via valves, and a heat utilization unit provided in the tank. It is also achieved by a refrigerating apparatus having the above-mentioned, and a refrigerant that does not solidify at 0 ° C. is enclosed in the condenser and the evaporator.

The above-mentioned object is also to install a tank for storing a liquid and immersing the liquid in the liquid to install a heat exchanger for condensation, and a tank for storing the liquid in the liquid and immersing it in the liquid for evaporation. A tank, two pipes that connect the condensation heat exchanger and the evaporation heat exchanger to each other to form a circulation path, and evaporate the condensed refrigerant liquid interposed in one of the two pipes. A condenser for supplying to the heat exchanger for heating, a container arranged to be connected to a pipe branched from the other of the two pipes, for accommodating the reaction material, and provided with a heating means, and a container provided in the tank. The present invention can also be achieved by a refrigerating device configured to include heat utilization means, in which a refrigerant that does not solidify at 0 ° C or less is enclosed in the condensation heat exchanger, the evaporation heat exchanger, and the condenser.

Further, the above object is to condense and liquefy a plurality of containers containing a reaction material and equipped with a heater, and refrigerant vapors generated in the plurality of containers connected to each of the plurality of containers through valves. A condenser that holds a refrigerant liquid, an evaporator that has a refrigerant inlet connected to a liquid phase portion of the condenser to evaporate a refrigerant, a tank that stores a liquid, and immerses the evaporator in the liquid to internally mount the evaporator, A pipe that connects the refrigerant vapor outlet of the evaporator and each of the plurality of containers via a valve, and a fan that cools the plurality of containers and the condenser with air. This can also be achieved by a refrigeration system in which a refrigerant that does not solidify at 0 ° C is enclosed in the container.

The above object is also to provide a compressor, a condenser, an evaporator, a pressure reducing mechanism, a pipe connecting them so as to form a circulation path, a compression refrigerator comprising a refrigerant enclosed therein, and a reaction material. A container equipped with a heat exchanger, a condenser,
An evaporator, a pipe with a valve that connects the condenser and the container, a pipe with a valve that connects the evaporator and the container, a pipe that connects the condenser and the evaporator, and a chemical refrigerating machine made of a refrigerant enclosed therein. The branch of the compressor discharge side pipe of the compression refrigerator is connected to the heat exchanger of the container of the chemical refrigerator, and the refrigerant discharged from the compression refrigerator into the heat exchanger. It can also be achieved by a refrigerating device which is provided with a means for allowing the liquid to flow and transmitting the cold heat generated in the chemical refrigerator to the evaporator of the compression refrigerator.

According to any one of claims 1 to 18, silica gel is used as the adsorbent and silica gel is used as the refrigerant, and the inorganic salt solution is used as the refrigerant in the adsorption-type cold heat generation method using the silica gel as the adsorbent. It is also achieved by the refrigerating apparatus described in 1. The aqueous solution of the inorganic salt may be one selected from the group consisting of an aqueous solution of lithium bromide, an aqueous solution of calcium chloride, an aqueous solution of sodium chloride and an aqueous solution of magnesium chloride, or a mixture of two or more thereof.

Further, the reaction material (adsorption material) may be silica gel, and the refrigerant may be a glycol aqueous solution. The glycol aqueous solution may be one selected from the group consisting of an ethylene glycol aqueous solution, a propylene glycol aqueous solution, and a polyethylene glycol aqueous solution, or a mixture of two or more thereof.

Further, the reaction material (adsorption material) may be silica gel, and the refrigerant may be any one of tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether and dimethylformamide.

Silica gel as a reaction material (adsorption material) is
The pore volume is about 0.4 ml / g and the adsorption surface area is about 720 m.
² / g, average pore size is about 22Å, average particle size is 2-4 mm, or pore volume is about 0.6 ml / g, adsorption surface area is about 590 m ² / g, average pore size is about 40 Å, The average particle size is 0.
It is desirable to be 5 to 2 mm.

[0015]

[Function] The inorganic salt aqueous solution does not change even when contacted with the reaction material (or the adsorbent). Further, even if the temperature becomes 0 ° C or lower, it does not cause icing and is effective in generating cold heat at 0 ° C or lower. Further, the evaporator, the reaction material storage container, and the condenser are effective in continuously generating cold heat of 0 ° C. or less and freezing the liquid around the evaporator.

The interior of the system in which the refrigerant is circulated, such as the container containing the reaction material, the condenser, and the evaporator, is exhausted by a vacuum pump or the like to reduce the pressure. Reactant reacts with refrigerant vapor (adsorption)
Then, since the refrigerant vapor is taken in, the refrigerant vapor disappears in the container containing the reaction material, and the pressure is reduced. When the evaporator supplied with the refrigerant and the container containing the reaction material are connected, the refrigerant vapor in the evaporator flows into the container, reacts with the reaction material, and is taken in. This process is the reaction process of the container. The refrigerant in the evaporator continues to evaporate while the refrigerant vapor continues to be taken into the reaction material. When the reaction material reacts with the refrigerant vapor, the temperature of the reaction material rises due to the heat of reaction.
Since the force of the reaction material to take in the refrigerant vapor decreases as the temperature rises, it is cooled by an air cooling fan or a heat pipe.
The evaporator is in contact with the liquid stored in the tank across the wall surface thereof, and the refrigerant takes heat of evaporation from the liquid and the liquid refrigerant in the evaporator to evaporate. Therefore, the liquid refrigerant and the liquid in the tank are cooled. That is, it is generation of cold heat. Since a refrigerant that does not solidify even at 0 ° C. is used, the temperature becomes 0 ° C. or lower as the refrigerant evaporates, and if the liquid in the tank is water, for example, it begins to freeze from the portion in contact with the evaporator. In other words, since a phase change is performed, a large amount of cold heat can be stored. In addition, the supply of the refrigerant from the condenser to the evaporator is not performed continuously but is performed in a batch process.

When the reaction material has completely reacted and no longer takes in the refrigerant vapor, the connection between the evaporator and the container is disconnected and the container and the condenser are connected. The reaction material in the container is then heated via the heat exchange means. The heated reaction material causes a reaction opposite to that at the time of taking in the refrigerant vapor, and releases the refrigerant vapor. The discharged refrigerant vapor is guided to the condenser, cooled and condensed to become a liquid refrigerant. This process is the container recycling process. The regeneration process ends when no refrigerant vapor is released from the reaction material and the vessel is disconnected from the condenser.

When the regeneration process ends, the container cooling process begins. Since the reaction material is heated during the regeneration process, cooling is necessary. The reaction material (container) is cooled by air cooling or heat pipe cooling. On the other hand, a condenser and an evaporator are connected, and a predetermined amount of liquid refrigerant is supplied from the condenser to the evaporator. When the supply of the refrigerant is finished, the condenser and the evaporator are separated again. From now on, the above cycle is repeated again, and the cold storage in the liquid in the tank proceeds.

When there is one container, one condenser, and one evaporator, the evaporation process of the evaporator proceeds simultaneously with the reaction process of the container, and the condensation process of the condenser proceeds simultaneously with the regeneration process of the container. The refrigerant is supplied from the condenser to the evaporator in the process of regenerating or cooling the container. If the number of containers and evaporators is plural, it is possible to combine these processes and continuously generate cold heat.

Instead of arranging the evaporator in contact with the liquid in the tank, the evaporator is arranged, for example, in the upper space of the tank, and the liquid is made to flow down to the upper surface of the evaporator to be frozen, and then frozen to a certain thickness. If it is made to fall, it is possible to prevent a large decrease in the heat transfer coefficient due to freezing.

Combining a compression refrigerator and a chemical refrigerator, the discharge side pipe of the compressor of the compression refrigerator is branched and connected to the heat exchanger of the container containing the reaction material of the chemical refrigerator. When the refrigerant discharged from the compression refrigerator is allowed to flow in the heat exchanger, the heat of condensation released to the outside by the condenser in the compression refrigerator can be used for heating in the container regeneration process, As efficiency is improved.

[0022]

1 is a block diagram of a first embodiment of a refrigerating apparatus of the present invention. In this example, quick lime, silica gel, zeolite, etc. are used as reaction materials, and a LiBr aqueous solution is used as a refrigerant.
An aqueous solution of CaCl _{2 or an} aqueous solution of NaCl is used, and the first container 1 and the second container 2 containing the reaction materials 3 and 4 are connected to the first container 1 by a pipe 16 in which a valve 11 is interposed. A condenser 7 for condensing the refrigerant 8; a pipe 16 connecting the valve 11 and the condenser 7 to the second container; and a valve 12 interposed in the pipe 17.
A tank 23 filled with water 21, which is a low temperature heat medium, an evaporator 10 immersed in the water 21 of the tank 23 to evaporate the refrigerant 8 therein, a liquid phase portion of the evaporator 10 and the condenser 7 are provided. A pipe 19 communicating with the valve 15; a pipe 18 communicating the pipe 16 between the first container 1 and the valve 11 and the evaporator 10; a second container 2 and the valve 12; Between the pipe 17 and the evaporator 10 via the valve 14, the tank 23 and the radiator 2
It is configured to include a pipe 25 that connects one end of 9 and a pipe 26 that connects the other end of the radiator 29 and the tank 23 via a pump 24.

The valve 15 is for adjusting the amount of the refrigerant 8 in the condenser 7 flowing into the evaporator 10. However, the apparatus operates even without the valve 15. The water 21 in the tank 23 can be circulated in the radiator 29 by the pump 24 and the pipes 25 and 26, whereby the heat of the water 21 is transported to the radiator 29 and used for cooling or the like. It In the first and second containers, the reaction material 3,
Remove heat of 4 (or remove heat from the container)
The heat exchangers 5 and 6 are provided, and the condenser 7 is also provided with the heat exchanger 9 that liquefies the refrigerant vapor as a cooling liquid.

The operation of making the temperature of the water 21 of the apparatus having the above structure low will be described below. The white valves in the figure show the open state, and the black valves show the closed state. The refrigerant 8 in the evaporator 10 takes the heat of the water 21 to evaporate, and enters the second container 2 through the pipe 20 and the valve 14. The refrigerant vapor that has entered the second container 2 reacts with the reaction material 4 and is consumed, and the reaction material 4 generates heat due to the reaction. Since the refrigerant vapor is consumed by this reaction, the pressure of the refrigerant vapor in the second container 2 is maintained at a predetermined value, and the evaporation of the refrigerant in the evaporator is continued. The heat generated during this reaction is removed by a low temperature heat medium (water, oil, etc.) introduced into the heat exchanger 6 provided in the second container 2. On the other hand, the reaction material 3 in the first container 1 is heated by the high temperature heat medium (water or oil) introduced into the heat exchanger 5, whereby the refrigerant in the reaction material 3 is desorbed as vapor. This steam enters the condenser 7 through the pipe 16 and the valve 11, is cooled by the cooling heat medium (water) introduced into the heat exchanger 9, and is condensed,
It becomes the refrigerant liquid 8. The refrigerant liquid 8 returns to the inside of the evaporator 10 through the pipe 19 and the valve 15 and repeats the same cycle. After that, the valves 11 and 14 are closed, and the low-temperature heat medium is flown into the heat exchanger 5 in the first container 1 to cool the reaction material 3. On the other hand, the valve 12 is opened and a high temperature heat medium is flown into the heat exchanger 6 in the second container 2 to heat the reaction material 4,
At this time, the vapor of the refrigerant generated from the reaction material 4 is transferred to the valve 12,
It is introduced into the condenser 7 through the pipes 17 and 16 and condensed. Then, when the valve 13 is opened, the refrigerant in the evaporator 10 evaporates, and the steam generated at this time is generated by the pipe 18 and the valve 1.
It enters into the 1st container 1 through 3 and reacts with the reaction material 3. The heat generated at this time is removed by flowing a low-temperature heat medium into the heat exchanger 5.

That is, while the reaction process (the process of consuming or adsorbing the refrigerant vapor) is being performed in the second container 2, the regeneration process (heating the reaction material to remove the refrigerant vapor is performed in the first container 1). The process of recovering the reaction force of the reaction material) is performed, and then the second container 2 is switched to the regeneration process so that the reaction process is performed in the first container 1, and such an operation is alternately performed. By performing the refrigerant 8 in the evaporator 10
Continuously evaporates to produce cold heat. This cools the water 21 around the evaporator 10 and the crystals 22 around it.
Occurs. If such operation is continued, the water 2 in the tank 23
1 can be crystallized, and if the tank 23 is made large, it can be used as a large capacity cold storage tank. If hot waste water is used as the heat medium flowing through the heat exchangers 5 and 6, the water 21 in the tank 23 can be crystallized and a large amount of cold storage can be performed without using an electric compressor. If it is used for cooling in the daytime, it can be useful for reducing the peak power.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the second embodiment of the present invention. This consists of dividing the evaporator into two parts,
10a is immersed in the liquid 21. For this reason, the pipe 19 connected to the liquid phase portion of the condenser 7 is branched into two pipes 30 and 30a on the way, and the evaporators 10 and 1 are respectively separated.
0a and valves 15, 15-a are provided in the middle of these pipes. The pipe 18 is connected to the evaporator 10a, and the pipe 20 is connected to the evaporator 10. The other construction is the same as that of the first embodiment (the radiator 29, the pump 24, and the pipes 25 and 26 are not shown).

Also in this embodiment, the valves 11, 12,
The valves 13 and 14 and the valves 15 and 15-a can be operated alternately to generate cold heat in the evaporators 10 and 10a and to form crystals 22 and 22-a around them. In this way, the inside of the tank 23 can be widely used for cold storage, and the liquid 21 can be crystallized quickly. Further, if the pipe 18 and the evaporator 10 and the pipe 20 and the evaporator 10a are connected by separate pipes with valves, the evaporator 1
0 or the evaporator 10a can be operated independently,
The evaporator can be maintained while the operation of the apparatus is continued. Further, by using two evaporators, the surface area of the evaporator in contact with the liquid 21 can be increased.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the third embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, in addition to the first container 1 and the second container 2 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, another third container 2a filled with a reaction material or an adsorbent 4a is used. The heat exchanger 6a is provided therein, and the pipe 17 connecting the valve 12 and the pipe 16 is connected to the third container 2a by the pipe 17a having the valve 12a interposed therebetween.
The pipe 17a between the container 2a and the valve 12a is connected to the vapor phase part of the evaporator 10 by the pipe 20a with the valve 14a interposed. The other structure is the same as that of the embodiment shown in FIG.

In this embodiment, the valves 11, 12, 12a,
And the valves 13, 14, 14a are shifted in time,
The evaporator 10 is continuously opened and closed by alternately opening and closing.
Cold heat can be generated by evaporating the refrigerant inside. By providing the third container 2a containing the reaction material 4-a with respect to the embodiment of FIG. 1, it is possible to surely provide a reaction process, a regeneration process and a cooling process of the reaction materials 3, 4, 4a. As a result, the performance of the reaction materials 3, 4, and 4a during the reaction can be improved.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the fourth embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the pipe 18 and the pipe 20 are not directly connected to the evaporator 10, but a connecting portion (manifold) 31 that connects the pipe 18 and the pipe 20 is provided. Connection part 31 and evaporator 1
0 is connected by a pipe 18a, the evaporator 10 is composed of a bent pipe, and the inlet and the outlet of this pipe are the pipe 1
9 and 18a, respectively. The other components are the same as those in the first embodiment. When the refrigerant in the evaporator 10 boils, the connecting portion 31 prevents a part of the liquid from entering the containers 1 and 2 through the pipes 18 or 20 and directly adhering to the reaction materials 3 and 4. It plays the role of a gas-liquid separator. If the bent tubular evaporator 10 shown in this embodiment is widely arranged in the liquid 21 in the tank 23, the heat transfer area can be increased and the liquid 2 can be efficiently used.
1 can be a crystal 22.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the fifth embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is the same as the second embodiment shown in FIG.
The evaporators 10 and 10a are formed in the shape of a thin box containing a refrigerant and are arranged obliquely above the tank 23. The lower ends of the evaporators are connected to the valves 15 and 15a by pipes 30 and 30a. The upper end of which is connected to the valves 14 and 13 by pipes 20 and 18, and a pipe 41 whose one end is connected to the liquid phase portion of the tank 23, and a pump 40 whose other end is connected to an intake port, A pipe 41A connected to the discharge port of the pump 40, pipes 42 and 43 branched and connected to the pipe 41A, a pipe 46 connected to the pipe 42 through a valve 44, and the pipe 43. And a pipe 47 connected via a valve 45.
The end of 6 is arranged at the upper end of the outer surface of the evaporator 10, and the end of the pipe 47 is arranged at the upper end of the outer surface of the evaporator 10a at a position where the liquid 21 is dropped. Also, the evaporators 10, 10
The lower end of the a is bent upward in a substantially L shape. It is important that the L-shape (degree of bending) is designed so that the crystals generated on the surfaces of the evaporators 10 and 10a can be easily dropped downward. The other structure is the same as that of the second embodiment.

In the present embodiment, the liquid 21 in the tank 23 is
Is dropped onto the upper surfaces of the evaporators 10 and 10a by the pump 40, and the dropped liquid 21 is crystallized by the refrigerant evaporating in the evaporator, the heat of vaporization being taken by the refrigerant (when water is used as the liquid 21). , Freezing) and stored cold. Evaporator 10,
The refrigerant 8 in the condenser 7 appropriately flows into the condenser 10a, but the valve 13 or 14 is opened to open the first container 1 and the evaporator 1.
By connecting 0a or the second container 2 to the evaporator 10, the refrigerant 8 is evaporated and the evaporator 10 or the evaporator 10a is cooled, and the liquid 21 flowing down on the upper surface thereof is crystallized on the surface thereof. Evaporator 10 or evaporator 1
When the crystallization of the liquid 21 on the outer surface of 0a progresses to some extent and the evaporation of the refrigerant in the evaporator 10 or the evaporator 10a becomes small, the pipes 30, 3 connected to the pipe 19 are connected.
The valve 15 or the valve 15a of the 0a part is opened, and the refrigerant 8 in the condenser 7 becomes the evaporator 10 or the evaporator 10a.
Flows into. Since the temperature of the inflowing refrigerant is high, a part of the crystal 22 grown in the evaporator 10 or the evaporator 10a is melted, so that the crystal 22 is evaporated by the weight of the crystal.
It falls using the inclined surface of 0, 10a. The crystal 22 or the crystal 22a thus dropped is stored in the liquid 21 in the tank 23. Valves 11, 12 and 1
By alternately switching 3, 14 and valves 15, 15a, crystals are alternately grown and released on the surfaces of the evaporators 10, 10a, and crystals 22, 22a can be continuously formed. Note that the supply of the refrigerant to the evaporator is not performed continuously but is performed intermittently, and at the stage where the refrigerant is being evaporated, the refrigerant itself accumulated in the evaporator by the evaporation of the refrigerant is itself. Since it is also cooled, the heat of the refrigerant supplied from the condenser does not cause the crystals on the outer surface of the evaporator to melt and fall.

In this embodiment, the evaporators 10 and 1
In order to make it easier to positively drop the ice crystallized on the surface of 0a, the vapor of the refrigerant generated when the reaction material 3 or 4 in the first container 1 or the second container 2 is regenerated is condensed by the condenser 7 It may be introduced directly into the evaporators 10 and 10a without passing through. At this time, steam may be flowed so as to flow through the pipe 18 or the pipe 20. Further, a branch pipe with a valve is attached to the pipe 16 or the pipe 17 to form the evaporator 1
The same can be done by connecting to 0 and 10a.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the sixth embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is different from the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 5 in that
The tank 23 storing the liquid 21 is arranged at a different position, not below the evaporators 10 and 10a.
A container 52 provided with ducts 51, 54 is arranged below the container 52, and a blower is installed in the container 52 via the duct 51.
50 is provided, and the duct 54 is provided as a passage for delivering the crystal of the liquid 21 to the place of use. The rest of the configuration is the same as that of the fifth embodiment, so the explanation is omitted. The crystals (ice) generated on the outer surfaces of the evaporators 10 and 10a fall into the container 52 below and are crushed into crushed ice. The container 52 is provided with ducts 51 and 54, and a blower 50 is provided at the end of the duct 51. When the blower 50 is driven, the crushed ice 53 in the container 52
Is carried by the air flow through the duct 54 to a desired place and is effectively used.

In the fifth and sixth embodiments,
Two rods are arranged along the upper surfaces of the evaporators 10 and 10a, the lower ends of these rods are hinged to the upper surface of the lower end of the evaporator, and the upper ends of the rods are connected to each other. An actuator operated by an electromagnet may be provided between the upper part and the upper end of the evaporator, and the rod may be driven at predetermined time intervals so as to rotate away from the evaporator surface with the hinge part at the lower end as a rotation axis. In this way, the solidified crystals can be separated and dropped into the lower tank in a short time. At that time, before rotating the rod, it is preferable to move the rod once to the evaporator side so that the rod and the crystal can be separated easily.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram of the seventh embodiment of the present invention, and particularly shows the configuration of a method of utilizing exhaust heat. This embodiment has the same basic configuration as that of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, but the heat exchangers 5 and 6 provided in the first and second containers are provided with heat for regeneration of the reaction material. It differs from the first embodiment in that the configuration for circulating the medium is specifically shown. The rest of the configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment, so its explanation is omitted.

In the present embodiment, the portion for circulating the heat medium for regenerating the reactants in the heat exchangers 5 and 6 is provided in the upper part of the furnace 60 (electric furnace, blast furnace, combustion gas utilization drying furnace, etc.). A heat exchanger 62 arranged in the exhaust path 61 for circulating the heat medium, a pipe 69 for connecting the heat medium outlet of the heat exchanger 62 to the valve 68a, and a valve 68a for connecting the inlet of the heat exchanger 6. Pipe 69a and heat exchanger 6
70, one end of which is connected to the outlet of the pipe,
A pump 63 having a suction port connected to the other end of the
Pipe 71 that connects the discharge port of 3 and the inlet of the heat exchanger 5
A pipe 64a connecting the outlet of the heat exchanger 5 and the valve 65-a, a pipe 64 connecting the heat medium inlet of the heat exchanger 62 to the valve 65-a, a pipe 70, a pipe 69 and a valve 68. A pipe 67 connected via the pipe 67 and a pipe 66 connecting the pipe 71 and the pipe 64 via the valve 65 are included.

Exhaust gas from combustion in the furnace 60 is discharged from an exhaust passage 61 provided in the upper portion of the furnace 60. The above-described structure uses a heat exchanger 62 to recover the heat of the discharged exhaust gas. It has become. The heat exchanger 62 is the first container 1
Inside the heat exchanger 5 and the second heat exchanger 6 and the pipe 64,
64a, 71, 70, 69a, 69 are connected so as to form a circulation path. Pump 6 along the way
3 is provided and the heat medium (water, oil) entering the system by driving this is circulated in the pipe, but the heat recovered by the heat exchanger 62 is
Alternatively, the valve 6 may be arranged so as to alternately flow into the heat exchanger 6.
8, 68a, 65, 65a are controlled. That is, the reaction material in the first and second containers is alternately heated and regenerated by the heat recovered from the exhaust passage 61. In this embodiment, the evaporator may be a flat one using a roll bond method.

FIG. 8 shows an eighth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
An example in which the embodiment shown in FIG. The present embodiment is different from the seventh embodiment in that the exhaust passage 61 connected to the furnace 60 is branched into two, 61a and 61b, and the first exhaust passage 61a, 61b is provided in the middle of the first exhaust passage 61a and 61b. The container 1 and the second container 2 are arranged as shown, and the heat exchangers 5 and 6 of the first container 1 and the second container 2 and pipes, valves, pumps connected to the heat exchangers 5 and 6, The heat exchanger is omitted. Further, a switching valve 72 is provided at the connecting portion of the exhaust passages 61, 61a, 61b, and by switching the switching valve 72, the exhaust gas from the exhaust passage 61 alternates around the first container 1 and the second container 2. It can be made to flow into. In this embodiment, the first container 1 and the second container 2 are arranged directly in the flow of the exhaust gas, so that the heat exchangers 5, 6
Also, the pipes, valves, pumps 63, and heat exchangers 62 connected to the heat exchangers 5 and 6 can be omitted, and the configuration can be simplified.

A ninth embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 9 and FIG.
In a tenth embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 0, a water heater and a latent heat storage tank are integrally connected by the refrigerating apparatus of the present invention so that cold heat and hot water can be supplied simultaneously.

The main part of the ninth embodiment is connected to a tank 80 containing a heater 82a and a heat exchanger 83 and storing a liquid (water etc.) 81, and a pipe 87 at the outlet side of the heat exchanger 83. A condenser 7 and a valve 15 at the liquid phase portion of the condenser 7.
Evaporator 10 whose inlet side is connected by a pipe 19 which is interposed
A tank 23 in which the evaporator 10 and the heat exchanger 89 are housed and a liquid 21 is stored, and a pipe 8 is provided on the inlet side of the heat exchanger 83.
4 and a pipe 85 connected to the valve 85.
The first container 1 connected by 6 and containing the reaction material 3 and the heater 82, the pipe 86 and the outlet side of the evaporator 10 are connected to the valve 1
3, a pipe 18 for connecting via a water supply pipe 93, a water supply pipe 93 connected to the liquid phase portion of the tank 80 through valves 92, 91, a pipe 94 for extracting hot water, and a heat exchanger 89. 24 with a discharge port connected to the side
, And are included. Heat exchanger 89 and evaporator 10
Are immersed in the liquid 21, and the heat exchanger 83 and the heater 82a are immersed in the liquid 81. Further, the evaporator 10 is composed of a meandering pipe, and the refrigerant is evaporated inside the pipe.

The heater 82 installed in the first container 1 is an electric type, and when energized, heats the reaction material 3 to regenerate (desorb or generate refrigerant vapor). The vapor of the refrigerant generated at this time passes through the pipe 86, the valve 85, and the pipe 84 to reach the heat exchanger 83 provided in the liquid 81 in the tank 80, where the heat of condensation is released and liquefied. . When the regeneration process is completed, the power supply to the heater 82 is stopped and the valve 85 is closed. The condensation heat released from the refrigerant vapor in the heat exchanger 83 is transmitted to the liquid 81 and raises its temperature. That is, the heat of regeneration by the heater 82 is recovered by the liquid 81. Since the tank 80 has a pipe 93 for supplying water, a valve 92, and a pipe 94 and a valve 91 for extracting hot water,
Water can be supplied as needed and hot water can be taken out. The heater 82a is used when the hot water load cannot be covered by the heat generated by the heater 82 alone.

On the other hand, the refrigerant vapor which has not been liquefied in the heat exchanger 83 is introduced into the condenser 7 (the cooling means is not shown) through the pipe 87 together with the liquefied refrigerant, and it is sufficient here. It is cooled to become the refrigerant liquid 8. Pipe 1
It is possible to close the valve 15 provided in the valve 9 and store the refrigerant 8 in the condenser 7 for a while. The valve 15 is opened to send the refrigerant 8 through the pipe 19 into the evaporator 10, and then the valve 13 provided in the pipe 18 is opened. At this stage, the reaction material in the first container 1 is regenerated to recover the reaction force (or adsorption force) with the refrigerant vapor, and the refrigerant vapor in the first container 1 is consumed and the refrigerant vapor pressure is increased. Is low enough. Therefore, when the valve 15 is opened and the evaporator 10 and the first container 1 are communicated with each other, the pressure in the evaporator 10 is also reduced, the refrigerant in the evaporator 10 is evaporated, and the evaporated refrigerant vapor is pipe 18. To flow into the first container 1 and react with the reaction material 3. At the time of evaporation of this refrigerant, the heat of evaporation is also taken from the refrigerant in the evaporator 10, so the temperature of the refrigerant in the evaporator 10 decreases, and at the same time, the liquid 21 in the tank 23 is cooled and the temperature around the evaporator 10 is reduced. The crystals 22 of the liquid 21 are generated, and the crystals can store cold using the latent heat.

When the consumption (or absorption) of the refrigerant vapor by the reaction of the reaction material 3 reaches the limit, the valve 13 is closed and then the valve 85 is opened. When the valve 85 is opened, the heater 82 is energized, the regeneration process begins, and the above procedure is repeated. A heat exchanger 89 is provided in the liquid 21 in the tank 23, and the heat exchanger 89 is provided with a pipe 88, a pump 24, and a pipe 90 so that the heat medium is introduced into the inside thereof. Has become. By circulating the heat medium to the outside through the heat exchanger 89 by the pump 24, the cold heat stored in the tank 23 is transported to the outside and is used for cooling or dehumidifying by using a fin tube. The heat exchanger 89 may be thermally integrated with the evaporator 10.

In this embodiment, the tank 80, the first container 1 and the tank 23 are arranged in the vertical direction, but they may be arranged in the horizontal direction, and the refrigerant from the heat exchanger 83 into the evaporator 10 may be arranged. However, the requirement of the present invention is not impaired even if the positions thereof are changed within the range in which the circulation can be performed.

The tenth embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG.
It is a modification of the ninth embodiment. The difference between this embodiment and the ninth embodiment is that instead of the heater 82 installed in the first container 1, one end portion 98 is arranged inside the reaction material 3 and the other end portion 96 is formed as the first end portion. The heat pipe 100 disposed outside the container 1 is provided substantially horizontally, and the heat pipe 100 regenerates the reaction material 3 in the container 1 or cools the reaction material 3. In addition, fins 96a,
When 98a is provided, the heat transfer effect is improved. The other components are the same as those in the ninth embodiment, so that illustration and description thereof are omitted.

The heat pipe 100 includes a pipe (copper, iron, stainless steel, etc.) 99 and a heat medium (water, alcohol, etc.) 97.
Is a device that transfers heat by utilizing the evaporation and condensation of the heat. A fin 96a is provided on an end portion 96 of the heat pipe 100 protruding outside the first container 1.
The flame from the burner 95 comes into contact with a, which causes the end 9
The 6 side is heated, and the heat medium 97 inside thereof is evaporated. This vapor reaches the end 98 in the first container 1 through the space in the pipe 99 (the upper space of the heat medium 97 in the liquid phase),
There, the heat of condensation is released to liquefy. This heat of condensation is at the end 9
The reaction material 3 is heated through the fin 98a attached to 8 to regenerate it. On the other hand, the heat medium 97 liquefied in the end portion 98 returns to the end portion 96 side by the action of gravity and repeats the same cycle. When the burner 95 is stopped when it is desired to cool the reaction material 3, the end 96 side of the heat pipe 100 is cooled by the fin 96a. As a result, the liquid-phase heat medium 97 and the gas-phase heat medium 9 in the heat pipe 100
7 move in mutually opposite directions, and the heat held by the reaction material 3 is released to the atmosphere. As the structure of the heat pipe 100,
As shown in FIG. 10, the inside of the pipe 99 may be simply evacuated to enclose the heat medium 97, but the inside of the pipe 99 may be provided with a groove or a wick (cloth, glass fiber, metal). A porous material such as fibers may be lined and impregnated with the heat medium 97. In the case of the heat pipe 100 having such a structure, the heat pipe 100
May be inclined from the horizontal.

FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing the essential parts of the eleventh embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, electric heaters 82 and 8 are used.
First and second containers 1 and 2 respectively containing 2a and filled with reaction materials 3 and 4, pipes 16 and 17 connected to these first and second containers 1 and 2, and pipes 16 and 16,
Valves 11 and 12 connected to 17 respectively, a condenser 7 for holding a refrigerant liquid, pipes 16a and 17a respectively connecting the valves 11 and 12 to the condenser 7, and a pipe 19 to the condenser 7. An evaporator 10 connected to the refrigerant inlet side, and a tank 2 for accommodating the evaporator 10 and storing a liquid 21
3, a valve 13 connected to the pipe 16 by a pipe 18, a valve 14 connected to the pipe 17 by a pipe 20, a pipe 20a connecting the valve 13 and the valve 14 to each other, and evaporation of the pipe 20a. A pipe 18a that connects the refrigerant vapor outlet side of the condenser 10 and a fan 101 that cools the first and second containers 1 and 2 and the condenser 7 are configured. The evaporator 10 of this embodiment is composed of a coiled tube, is immersed in a liquid 21, and is configured to evaporate a refrigerant inside the tube to remove the evaporation heat for evaporation from the liquid 21 outside the tube. However, it is also possible to use a flat plate type by a roll bond method. .

When the valves 12 and 13 are closed and the valves 11 and 14 are opened to energize the heater 82 of the first container 1, the reaction material 3 is heated by the heat to generate a refrigerant vapor to be regenerated. The vapor of the refrigerant 8 generated thereby enters the condenser 7 through the pipe 16, the valve 11 and the pipe 16a and is condensed there. On the other hand, the refrigerant 8 in the evaporator 10 evaporates and enters the second container 2 through the pipes 18a, 20a, the valve 14, the pipes 20, 17 and is consumed (absorbed) by reacting with the reaction material 4 there. , The reaction material generates heat. As the refrigerant evaporates in the evaporator 10, the liquid 21 around it is deprived of the heat of evaporation and cooled, and a part of it becomes a crystal 22 around the evaporator 10 and is thereby stored cold. On the other hand, heat generated by the reaction material 4 in the second container 2,
The heat of condensation generated in the condenser 7 is used as the fan 101.
It is removed by driving and released into the atmosphere.
In addition, after the reaction material 3 in the container 1 is regenerated, the residual heat applied when the reaction material 3 is regenerated is also removed and cooled.
Cooling by 01 is effective.

After the above-mentioned operation, the valves 11 and 14 are closed, the valves 12 and 13 are opened, the heater 82a on the second container 2 side is energized, and the fan 101 connects the first container 1 and the condenser 7 to each other. If cooled, the regeneration process in the second container 2, the first
The reaction process is carried out in the container 1 of
More cold heat can be generated. Such a simple refrigerating device with a heater and a fan is suitable when utilizing cold heat in a laboratory desk or the like, and therefore the position of the fan 101 and the first and second containers 1 and 2 is above the tank 23 or Side is good.

FIG. 12 shows the essential parts of the configuration of the twelfth embodiment of the present invention, and this embodiment is a modification of the eleventh embodiment. This embodiment is different from the eleventh embodiment in that the first and second containers 1 and 2 and the condenser 7 are arranged at substantially the same height, and the pipes 16a and 17a are directly connected to the condenser 7. Instead, one pipe 19a is connected to the condenser 7, and the pipe 16a and the pipe 17 are connected to this pipe 19a.
a is connected, the pipes 18 and 20 are directly connected to the first and second containers 1 and 2, and the fan 101 is provided on the side surface portion of the container 2 and driven by
The first container 1, the condenser 7, and the second container 2 can all be cooled. According to this embodiment,
The overall height can be reduced.

FIG. 13 shows the essential parts of the configuration of the thirteenth embodiment of the present invention, which is a modification of the eleventh embodiment. In this embodiment, the position of the tank 23 as seen in a plan view is displaced from the positions of the first and second containers 1 and 2 and the condenser 7, and the condenser 7
And a pipe 19 connecting the refrigerant inlet side of the evaporator 10 and the pipe 18a connecting the pipe 20a and the refrigerant vapor outlet side of the evaporator 10 are provided in the tank 23 by penetrating the side surface of the tank 23. Pipe 19 coupled with 10
The valve 15 is interposed between the two. The other components are the same as in the eleventh embodiment. In this way, there is no pipe or equipment in the upper part of the tank 23, and the inside of the tank 23 can be easily inspected.

FIG. 14 shows the essential parts of the configuration of the fourteenth embodiment of the present invention, and this embodiment is a modification of the thirteenth embodiment. This embodiment is different from the thirteenth embodiment because the tank 23 is disposed at substantially the same height as the first and second containers 1 and 2, and the pipes 18a and 19 penetrate the side wall of the tank 23. Instead, the electric heater is arranged so as to cross over the upper end of the side wall, is connected to the evaporator 10 thereafter, and the pipe 19 extends beyond the upper end of the side wall of the tank 23 and falls outside the tank 23 with an electric heater. The point 102 is attached.

In this case, the refrigerant liquid 8 in the condenser 7 cannot flow through the pipe 19 into the evaporator 10 only by gravity. For this reason, the pipe 102 is provided with the heater 102, which is energized to boil the refrigerant 8 therein, and the refrigerant 8 around it is sent into the evaporator 10 by utilizing the pumping action of bubbles generated at this time. It was done like this. According to this embodiment, the height of the entire device can be reduced.

FIG. 15 shows the essential parts of the configuration of the fifteenth embodiment of the present invention, which is a modification of the eleventh embodiment. In this embodiment, in addition to the eleventh embodiment, containers 2a and 2b similar to the first container 1 are further provided, the reaction materials 4a and 4b and the heaters 82a and 82b are respectively installed therein, and the container 2a is provided with a valve 12a. Is connected to the pipe 17a with a pipe 17b interposed therebetween, the container 2b is connected to the pipe 16a with a pipe 16b inserted through a valve 12b, and the pipe 17b between the container 2a and the valve 12a is inserted through a valve 14a. Is connected to the pipe 20a, the pipe 16b between the container 2b and the valve 12b is connected to the pipe 20a by the pipe 20c with the valve 14b interposed, and the position of the fan 101 is set to the first and second containers 1 and 2. Four of 2a and 2b are arranged at a position where they can be cooled. In this way, in each of the four containers, the reaction operation of the reaction material, the heating (regeneration) operation, the cooling operation (the operation of removing the heat applied during the regeneration operation), and the standby state process, It can be carried out step by step so that the ability of the reaction material can be fully exhibited. Even if the reaction operation time in one container is shorter than 1/2 of the total time of heating (regeneration) operation and cooling operation, by setting the standby process with four containers It becomes possible to always carry out the reaction operation process in which container, and continuous generation of cold heat (refrigerant evaporation in the evaporator) can be maintained.
Further, when the load temporarily increases, it can be dealt with by switching the container in the standby process to the reaction operation process.

FIG. 16 shows the fan 101, the first and second containers 1 and 2 and the containers 2a and 2b in the fifteenth embodiment.
2 shows an example of the plane arrangement of FIG. In the example shown,
Each of the four containers has a cylindrical shape, a fan 101 is arranged in the center surrounded by these containers, and an air passage switching mechanism 103 is arranged around the fan 101 so as to be rotatable around the fan 101. ing. Airway switching mechanism 103
Has a semi-cylindrical shape that covers almost half of the circumference of the fan 101, and its rotation (position change) causes the fan 10 to rotate.
By changing the container to which the cooling effect of 1 is exerted, the cooling operation and the heating operation of each container are effectively performed. In the example of this figure, container 1 is a heating (regeneration) operation, 2 is a reaction operation, and 2a
Is in a cooling operation, 2b is in a standby state, and the air passage switching mechanism 103 is positioned by the fan 101 to remove heat generated during the reaction operation of the container 2 and to remove heat applied during the regeneration operation of the container 2a. The position is set so that it can be performed effectively.

FIG. 17 shows an essential part of the constitution of the sixteenth embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a compression type refrigerator 400 and a chemical type refrigerator 300 are combined to store a large amount of cold energy. . The compression refrigerator 400 includes a compressor 201,
A valve 208 connected to the discharge side of the compressor 201 by a pipe 206, a condenser 202 connected to the valve 208 by a pipe 206a, and a decompression mechanism 205 connected to the outlet side of the condenser 202 by a pipe 204. And the decompression mechanism 20
Evaporator 203 connected to the outlet side of 5 by a pipe 204a
And the refrigerant vapor outlet side of the evaporator 203 and the compressor 201.
And a pipe 207 that connects the suction side of the. A heat exchanger 29a is incorporated in the evaporator 203.

The chemical refrigerator 300 has a container 1 containing the reaction material 3 and containing a heat exchanger 5, a valve 11 connected to the container 1 by a pipe 16a, and a pipe 16 connected to the valve 11. A condenser 7 for holding a liquid refrigerant, an evaporator 10 having a refrigerant inlet connected to a liquid phase portion of the condenser 7 by a pipe 19 having a valve 15 interposed therebetween, and a refrigerant vapor outlet side of the evaporator 10. It is configured to include a pipe 18 connected to the pipe 16a via a valve 13, and a tank 23 containing the evaporator 10 therein and storing a liquid 21 therein. The inlet side of the heat exchanger 5 is connected to the pipe 206 by a pipe 211 having a valve 209 interposed, and the outlet side of the heat exchanger 5 is connected to the pipe 206a by a pipe 210. Tank 2
A pump 24 for sucking the liquid 21 is connected to the pump 3, and a discharge side of the pump 24 is a pipe 26 at an inlet side of the heat exchanger 29a, and an outlet side of the heat exchanger 29a is a pipe 25 at a tank 23.
, Respectively. Although not shown, the tank 23 is provided with a pipe system that takes out the liquid 21 and supplies it to the cold heat load, and recirculates the liquid 21 that has passed through the cold heat load back to the tank 23.

The operation of the compression refrigerator 400 is performed as follows. When the compressor 201 is driven, the heat medium (such as chlorofluorocarbon) therein is adiabatically compressed, enters the condenser 202 through the pipe 206, the valve 208, and the pipe 206a,
Here, heat of condensation is released to be liquefied. After passing through the pipe 204, the liquefied heat medium is adiabatically expanded while passing through the decompression mechanism 205, and then passes through the pipe 204a and the evaporator 203.
Get in. The heat medium that has entered the evaporator 203 is the heat exchanger 29.
a Receives heat from the fluid flowing inside and evaporates, enters the compressor 201 through the pipe 207, and repeats the same cycle as before.

The compression type refrigerator 40 which performs such an operation.
At 0, when the valve 208 is closed, the valve 209 is opened, the valve 13 of the chemical refrigerator 300 is closed, and the valve 11 is opened, the heat medium adiabatically compressed by the compressor 201 passes through the pipe 211. The reaction material 3 is heated by entering the heat exchanger 5 provided in the container 1. The heat medium that has heated the reaction material 3 then enters the condenser 202 through the pipes 210 and 206 and repeats the same cycle as described above. Through such a process, the reaction material 3 in the container 1 is heated and regenerated. After the reaction material 3 is regenerated, when the valve 11 of the chemical refrigerator 300 is closed and the valve 13 is opened, the refrigerant in the evaporator 10 takes the evaporation heat from the surrounding liquid 21 and evaporates, and the pipe 18 is closed. To reach the inside of container 1,
Here, it reacts with the reaction material 3 and is consumed. On the other hand, the reaction material 3 generates heat due to this reaction. Evaporator 10 deprived of heat of evaporation
The liquid 21 on the outer periphery of is cooled, and becomes a crystal 22 when the temperature becomes lower than the freezing temperature. In this way, cold heat is stored in the tank 23. The stored cold heat is pump 24, pipes 25, 2
6, the tank 23 by the inlet pipe 28, the outlet pipe 27
The liquid 21 therein is introduced into the heat exchanger 29 a incorporated in the evaporator 203, and is provided to the evaporator 203 of the compression refrigerator 400. As a result, the refrigerating effect or the cooling effect of the evaporator 203 is further enhanced. Even if the compressor 201 is stopped, if the pump 24 is driven, the cold heat in the tank 23 can be used for freezing and cooling for a certain period of time. Further, the liquid 24 is transferred to the heat exchanger 29 by the pump 24.
Since the liquid 21 is cooled by circulating the inside of a and evaporating the heat medium whose pressure is reduced by the pressure reducing mechanism 205 on the outer surface of the heat exchanger 29a, the cold heat generated in the compression refrigerator 400 is cooled in the tank 23. Can be stored in In the present embodiment, the heat of condensation released to the outside by the condenser 202 of the compression refrigerator 400 is used to regenerate and heat the reaction material of the chemical refrigerator 300, so that the efficiency as a whole can be improved.

FIG. 18 shows the essential parts of the configuration of a seventeenth embodiment of the present invention, which is a modification of the sixteenth embodiment. This embodiment differs from the sixteenth embodiment in that the evaporator 203 is thermally coupled to the heat exchanger 29a, and the pipe 1
9 is connected to the inlet of the heat exchanger 29a instead of being connected to the refrigerant inlet of the evaporator 10, and the pipe 18 is connected to the outlet of the heat exchanger 29a instead of being connected to the refrigerant vapor outlet of the evaporator 10. , Evaporator 10, pump 24, pipe 2
That is, 5, and 26 are omitted. In this embodiment, when the chemical refrigerator 300 is operated, the heat exchanger 29a
Inside, the refrigerant takes heat of evaporation from the evaporator 203 to evaporate and cools it. That is, the chemical refrigerator 30
Cold heat generated at 0 is directly transported to the evaporator 203.

Next, in the combination of the reaction material (adsorption material) and the refrigerant used in the chemical refrigerator, cold heat of 0 ° C. or less is generated and the reaction material (adsorption material) is not deteriorated in the heat cycle test. It is described below that we experimentally found a combination that easily desorbs an adsorbate (vapor of refrigerant) when regenerated by heating.

[0063] prepared Experimental Example 1] adsorber vessel (made of glass) having an internal volume of about 2000 cm ³ and the refrigerant container having an inner volume of 1000 cm ³ (made of glass), which in the chemical type refrigerating apparatus which is connected with the valve-pipe, About 1 kg of the adsorbent A (pore volume 0.4 ml / g, adsorption surface area 720 m ² / g, average pore diameter 22Å, average particle diameter 2 to 4 mm) shown in Table 1 was placed in the adsorbent container and used as a refrigerant in Table 2 Lithium bromide aqueous solution (1
0wt%) in about 0.25kg refrigerant container, vacuum each container at room temperature, then open the valve attached to the pipe,

[0064]

[Table 1]

[0065]

[Table 2]

The refrigerant was introduced into the adsorbent container side through the pipe and adsorbed on the adsorbent A. The temperature of the refrigerant in the refrigerant container drops sharply after the start of the experiment, and after about 1.5 hours the minimum temperature-
Reached 17 ° C.

The same experiment was carried out 1000 times, but the temperature of the refrigerant reached about -17 ° C. in the final time, and there was almost no change from the initial temperature. Moreover, when the regeneration temperature of this system was measured during the heat cycle test, it was found to be 8
It has been found that it can be regenerated at a relatively low temperature of 0 ° C.

[Experimental Example 2] With the same apparatus as in Experimental Example 1,
A similar experiment was conducted by changing only the concentration of the aqueous solution of lithium bromide, which is the refrigerant, to 50 wt% in the conditions of Experimental Example 1. The temperature of the refrigerant reached about -2 ° C. The same experiment was conducted 1000 times, but the temperature of the refrigerant was about -2 ° C even in the final round.
Then, it was confirmed that it was almost the same as the initial stage. Further, when the regeneration temperature of this system was measured in the course of the heat cycle test, it was found that regeneration was possible at a relatively low temperature of 50 ° C to 80 ° C.

Table 2 shows an experiment in which cold heat was generated by changing the kind and concentration of the refrigerant for silica gel A. In addition to lithium bromide aqueous solution as a refrigerant, calcium chloride aqueous solution, sodium chloride aqueous solution, magnesium chloride aqueous solution, ethylene glycol aqueous solution, propylene glycol aqueous solution, polyethylene glycol aqueous solution, E181 (tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether dimethyl ether of tet
ra ethylene glycol), E141 (Diethylene ether of diethlene)
glycol), DMF (dimethylformamide)
Orm amide) also showed that it can generate a low temperature of 0 ° C or less, can withstand 1000 heat cycle tests, and has a regeneration temperature of 50 ° C to 80 ° C.
It was confirmed to be relatively low.

Further, the same experiment was carried out using silica gel B (pore volume 0.6 ml / g, adsorption surface area 590 m ² / g, average pore diameter 40
Å, average particle size 0.5-2 mm), and zeolite 13X
(Pore volume 0.35 ml / g, adsorption surface area 500-700 m
/ G, average pore diameter 10 Å, average size diameter, 1.5 mm x length 5 mm), and it was confirmed that a low temperature of 0 ° C or less could be generated and it could withstand 1000 heat cycle tests. .

However, as shown in Table 3, the regeneration temperature is as low as about 50 ° C. to 80 ° C. for silica gels A and B, but 150 ° C. or higher is required for zeolite 13X, which makes it difficult to perform regeneration by heating. all right.

[0072]

[Table 3]

[0073]

According to the refrigerating apparatus of the present invention as set forth in claim 1, it is possible to generate cold heat of 0 ° C. or less in the evaporator immersed in the tank and easily crystallize the liquid around it. With that, we can store large amounts of cold.

According to the refrigerating apparatus of the present invention described in claim 2, in addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 1, there is an effect that the amount of cold heat generated can be easily controlled.

According to the refrigerating apparatus of the present invention as set forth in claim 3, in addition to the effect of the invention as set forth in claim 1 or 2, the operation process of the container accommodating the reaction material can be changed to the reaction process, the regeneration process and the cooling process. There is an effect that it is possible to sequentially switch to the three stages of the process and continuously generate cold heat.

According to the refrigerating apparatus of the present invention as set forth in claim 4, in addition to the effect of the invention as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 3, the heat transfer area can be expanded and the amount of liquid solidified. There is an effect that you can increase.

According to the fifth aspect of the refrigerating apparatus of the present invention, cold heat of 0 ° C. or lower can be generated in the evaporator, and the liquid flowing down there can be solidified and stored in the evaporator. Since the liquid solidified above can be appropriately dropped, it is possible to suppress the influence of the decrease in the heat transfer coefficient due to the solidification of the liquid.

According to the refrigerating apparatus of the present invention described in claim 6, in addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 5, there is an effect that the amount of cold heat generated can be easily controlled.

According to the refrigerating apparatus of the present invention described in claim 7, in addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 5 or 6,
This has the effect of shortening the time required for the solidified liquid to fall and increasing the amount of cold heat generated.

According to the refrigerating apparatus of the present invention described in claim 8, in addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 7, it becomes easy to directly feed the liquid solidified body itself to the cold heat load. effective.

According to the refrigerating apparatus of the present invention described in claim 9, in addition to the effect of the invention described in any one of claims 1 to 8, the effect that the cost of regeneration heating can be reduced by utilizing the combustion exhaust gas There is.

According to the refrigerating apparatus of the present invention as set forth in claim 10, in addition to the effect of the invention as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 8, a heat exchange means for regenerative heating is provided in the container for containing the reaction material. This has the effect of reducing the installation cost.

According to the eleventh aspect of the refrigeration apparatus of the present invention, cold heat of 0 ° C. or lower can be generated in the evaporator immersed in the tank, and the liquid around it can be easily crystallized. Therefore, there is an effect that a large amount of cold storage can be performed, and furthermore, the temperature of the liquid stored in the tank is raised, so that heat can be used.

According to the refrigerating apparatus of the present invention described in claim 12, in addition to the effect according to the invention described in claim 11, by directly cooling the reaction material, the efficiency of the reaction process is increased and the time required for the cooling process is increased. Has the effect of shortening.

According to the refrigeration apparatus of the present invention as set forth in claim 13, cold heat of 0 ° C. or lower can be generated in the evaporator immersed in the tank, and the liquid around it can be easily crystallized. Therefore, it is possible to store a large amount of cold energy, and there is an effect that the structure of the condenser is simplified.

According to the refrigerating apparatus of the present invention described in claim 14, in addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 13, the tank is arranged at a position displaced from the bottom of the container for containing the reaction material and the condenser. This has the effect of facilitating maintenance of the evaporator in the tank.

According to the refrigerating apparatus of the present invention described in claim 15, in addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 13, there is an effect of reducing the height of the entire device.

According to the refrigeration apparatus of the present invention described in claim 16, in addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 15, there is an effect of improving the cooling effect of the air cooling fan.

According to the refrigeration apparatus of the present invention as set forth in claim 17, cold heat of 0 ° C. or lower can be generated in the evaporator immersed in the tank, and the liquid around it can be easily crystallized. In addition, a large amount of cold energy can be stored, and since the heat released from the condenser of the compression refrigerator to the outside is used for the regeneration and heating of the reaction material, the overall efficiency is improved. is there.

According to the refrigerating apparatus of the present invention as set forth in claim 18, in addition to the effect of the invention as set forth in claim 17, even when the compression type refrigerator is stopped, the cold heat stored in the tank is kept cold. There is an effect that it can be sent to the cold heat load via the evaporator of the compression refrigerator.

According to the chemical cold heat producing method or the refrigerating apparatus of the present invention as described in claims 19 to 30, there is an effect that cold heat of 0 ° C. or less can be generated and stored.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system diagram showing a main part configuration of a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a system diagram showing a main part configuration of a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a system diagram showing a main configuration of a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a system diagram showing a main configuration of a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a system diagram showing a main part configuration of a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a system diagram showing a main part configuration of a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a system diagram showing a main part configuration of a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a system diagram showing a main part configuration of an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a system diagram showing a main configuration of a ninth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a system diagram showing a main configuration of a tenth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a system diagram showing a main part configuration of an eleventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a system diagram showing a main part configuration of a twelfth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a system diagram showing a main part configuration of a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a system diagram showing a main part configuration of a fourteenth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a system diagram showing a main configuration of a fifteenth embodiment of the present invention.

16 is a plan view showing a part of the embodiment shown in FIG.

FIG. 17 is a system diagram showing a main part configuration of a sixteenth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a system diagram showing a main part configuration of a seventeenth embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1, 2 Container 3, 4 Reactant 5, 6, 9 Heat Exchanger 7 Condenser 8 Refrigerant 10, 10a Evaporator 21 Liquid 22 Crystal 23 Tank 24 Pump 29 Radiator 31 Connection part 50 Blower 51, 54 Duct 52 Container 53 Crushed ice 60 furnace 61, 61a, 6
1b Exhaust passage 62 Heat exchanger 63 Pump 72 Switching valve 82, 82a, 8
2b, 82c Heater 95 Burner 96 Evaporating part 97 Liquid 98 Condensing part 99 Pipe 100 Heat pipe 101 Fan 102 Heater 103 Airflow switching mechanism 201 Compressor 202 Condenser 203 Evaporator 205 Pressure reducing mechanism 300 Chemical refrigerator 400 Compression refrigerator

Claims (30)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of containers containing a reaction material and provided with heat exchange means, a condenser connected to each of the plurality of containers via a valve to condense a refrigerant vapor generated in the container, and the condenser. Connected to a container for evaporating the refrigerant therein, a tank in which the evaporator is installed and the evaporator is immersed in the liquid in the tank, and a valve for the evaporator and each of the plurality of containers. A refrigerant that is connected via a pipe and that guides the refrigerant vapor generated in the evaporator to the container, and heat utilization means provided in the tank, and the refrigerant that does not solidify at 0 ° C. in the condenser and the evaporator. Refrigerating device in which is enclosed. 2. The refrigerating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the number of the evaporators is two or more, and the condenser and each evaporator are connected via a valve. 3. The refrigerating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of containers is at least three. 4. The evaporator according to claim 1, wherein the evaporator is composed of a bent pipe, and the refrigerant takes heat of evaporation from a liquid outside the pipe to evaporate in the pipe.
The refrigeration apparatus according to any one of 1. 5. A plurality of containers containing a reaction material and provided with heat exchange means, a condenser connected to each of the plurality of containers via a valve for condensing refrigerant vapor generated in the container, and the condenser. An evaporator that is connected to the container via a valve to evaporate the refrigerant therein, a tank that is arranged below the evaporator to store the liquid, and a means that causes the liquid in the tank to flow down to the surface of the evaporator. A pipe that guides the refrigerant vapor generated in the evaporator to the container by connecting the evaporator and each of the plurality of containers via a valve, and heat utilization means provided in the tank, A refrigeration system in which a refrigerant that does not solidify at 0 ° C is enclosed in the condenser and the evaporator. 6. The container comprising two or more evaporators, corresponding to each of which the evaporator and the reaction material are accommodated and a container equipped with a heat exchange means are connected by a pipe with a valve. The refrigeration apparatus according to item 5. 7. The refrigerating apparatus according to claim 5, further comprising means for appropriately separating the crystals generated on the surface of the evaporator and dropping the crystals into a tank. 8. The tank is arranged at a position deviated from a lower portion of the evaporator, and an upper open container is provided below the evaporator, and the upper open container has an inlet duct and an outlet duct. 8. The refrigerating apparatus according to claim 7, further comprising a blower that is provided at the end of the inlet duct and blows air toward the outlet duct through the bottom of the upper open container. 9. The heat exchange means of each container accommodating the reaction material is thermally coupled by a heat transport means to a heat exchanger provided in an exhaust passage which is a passage of combustion gas, and is received from the heat exchanger. The refrigerating apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the heat is applied to the reaction material. 10. The plurality of vessels are respectively arranged in a plurality of branches of a combustion gas exhaust passage, and the outer wall of each vessel itself constitutes a heat exchange means, and the combustion gas is caused to flow into the branch points of the exhaust passages. 9. The refrigerating apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising an exhaust gas switching mechanism that selects an exhaust path. 11. A tank in which a liquid is stored and immersed in the liquid to contain a heat exchanger for condensation, and a tank in which a liquid is stored and immersed in the liquid to contain a heat exchanger for evaporation, Two pipes forming a circulation path by connecting the heat exchanger for condensation and the heat exchanger for evaporation, and supplying a refrigerant liquid to one of the two pipes to the heat exchanger for evaporation A condenser, a container that is connected to a pipe branched from the other of the two pipes, contains a reaction material, and is equipped with a heating means, and a heat utilization means provided in the tank. A refrigeration system configured to include a refrigerant, in which a refrigerant that does not solidify at 0 ° C. or less is sealed in the condensation heat exchanger, the evaporation heat exchanger, and the condenser. 12. The refrigerating apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the heating means provided in the container is a heat pipe. 13. A plurality of containers containing a reaction material and equipped with a heater, and a plurality of containers each connected through a valve to condense and liquefy the refrigerant vapor generated in the plurality of containers and retain the refrigerant liquid. A condenser, and an evaporator for evaporating the refrigerant, the refrigerant inlet being connected to the liquid phase portion of the condenser,
A tank for storing a liquid and immersing the evaporator in the liquid to internally mount it, a pipe for connecting a refrigerant vapor outlet of the evaporator and each of the plurality of containers via a valve, the plurality of containers and the condenser With a fan that cools the container with air,
A refrigeration system configured to include a refrigerant in which a refrigerant that does not solidify at 0 ° C. is enclosed in the condenser and the evaporator. 14. A pipe connecting the condenser and the evaporator, and a pipe connecting each of the plurality of containers and the evaporator via a valve are connected to the evaporator in the tank through a side wall of the tank. The refrigerating apparatus according to claim 13, wherein the refrigerating apparatus is a refrigerator. 15. A plurality of containers containing a reaction material and provided with a heater and a condenser are arranged on a side surface of the tank, and a pipe connecting the evaporator and each container is provided through an upper portion of a side wall of the tank. 14. A heating means is attached to a pipe part which is introduced into the evaporator part in the tank and connects the condenser and the evaporator.
Refrigerating apparatus according to. 16. The refrigerating apparatus according to claim 13, further comprising an air passage switching mechanism for limiting a container to be air-cooled between the plurality of containers and the air-cooling fan. 17. A compressor, a condenser, an evaporator, a pressure reducing mechanism,
A pipe that connects them so as to form a circulation path, a compression refrigerating machine that is composed of a refrigerant that is sealed in the pipe, a container that contains a reaction material and that includes a heat exchanger, a condenser, an evaporator, and the condenser. It is composed of a pipe with a valve that connects the container, a pipe with a valve that connects the evaporator and the container, a pipe that connects the condenser and the evaporator, and a chemical refrigerator having a refrigerant enclosed therein, and is a compression refrigerator. The pipe on the discharge side of the compressor is branched and connected to the heat exchanger of the container of the chemical refrigerator so that the refrigerant discharged from the compression refrigerator flows into the heat exchanger, and A refrigerating apparatus comprising means for transmitting cold heat generated in the refrigerator to an evaporator of a compression refrigerator. 18. A tank for storing a liquid that stores cold heat is provided, and the evaporator of the chemical refrigerator is arranged by being immersed in the liquid in the tank, and the cold heat generated by the evaporator is stored in the liquid. The refrigerating apparatus according to claim 17, wherein the cold heat is then transmitted to the evaporator of the compression refrigerator. 19. An adsorption cold heat generation method using silica gel as an adsorbent and an aqueous solution of an inorganic salt as a refrigerant. 20. The refrigerating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein silica gel is used as the reaction material, and an inorganic salt aqueous solution is used as the refrigerant. 21. The inorganic salt aqueous solution is one selected from the group consisting of lithium bromide aqueous solution, calcium chloride aqueous solution, sodium chloride aqueous solution, and magnesium chloride aqueous solution, or 2
21. A mixture of at least one species, characterized in that
The adsorption-type cold heat generation method described in 1. 22. The inorganic salt aqueous solution comprises one kind or a mixture of two or more kinds selected from the group consisting of an aqueous solution of lithium bromide, an aqueous solution of calcium chloride, an aqueous solution of sodium chloride and an aqueous solution of magnesium chloride. 20
Refrigerating apparatus according to. 23. An adsorption-type cold heat generating method, wherein the adsorbent is silica gel, and the refrigerant is a glycol-based aqueous solution. 24. The refrigerating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein silica gel is used as a reaction material, and a glycol-based aqueous solution is used as a refrigerant. 25. The glycol aqueous solution comprises one selected from the group consisting of an ethylene glycol aqueous solution, a propylene glycol aqueous solution, and a polyethylene glycol aqueous solution, or a mixture of two or more thereof.
The adsorption-type cold heat generation method described in 1. 26. The glycol aqueous solution comprises one selected from the group consisting of an ethylene glycol aqueous solution, a propylene glycol aqueous solution, and a polyethylene glycol aqueous solution, or a mixture of two or more thereof.
Refrigerating apparatus according to. 27. An adsorption cold heat generation method, wherein the adsorbent is silica gel, and the refrigerant is any one of tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, and dimethylformamide. 28. The refrigerating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein silica gel is used as a reaction material, and any one of tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, and dimethylformamide is used as a refrigerant. 29. Silica gel as an adsorbent has a pore volume of about 0.4 ml / g, an adsorption surface area of about 720 m ² / g,
Whether the average pore size is about 22Å and the average particle size is 2-4 mm,
Or pore volume is about 0.6 ml / g, adsorption surface area is about 590
m ² / g, average pore size is about 40Å, average particle size is 0.5-2m
m, 21; 23, 2
The adsorption cold heat generation method according to any one of 5 and 27. 30. Silica gel as a reaction material has a pore volume of about 0.4 ml / g, an adsorption surface area of about 720 m ² / g,
Whether the average pore size is about 22Å and the average particle size is 2-4 mm,
Or pore volume is about 0.6 ml / g, adsorption surface area is about 590
m ² / g, average pore size is about 40Å, average particle size is 0.5-2m
m is m, characterized in that
The refrigeration apparatus according to any one of 6 and 28.