JPH0860159A - Combustion-preventive material and refractory material using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To obtain a combustion-preventive material stabilized in hygroscopic property and viscosity and an expensive and lightweight refractory material using the combustion-preventing material. CONSTITUTION: This combustion-preventing material is obtained by mixing 20-60wt.% of sodium silicate with 1-15wt.% of ceramic oxide, 5-25-wt.% of an inorganic filler, 4-20wt.% of ceramic carbide, 4-20-wt.% of ceramic nitride, 5-25wt.% of silicon dioxide-containing compound and 5-25wt.% of water. This refractory material 6 coated with a transparent film 5 having water resistance is obtained by mixing globular foamed styrol granules 1,1... having about 3mm diameter into the combustion-preventing material, stirring the mixture, applying the mixture to the surface of a veneer board 3 having 2mm thickness and further thinly applying an acrylic resin liquid to the surface.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a technique for flame retarding paper or wood by applying or impregnating them.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Various flame retardants have been developed for making them flame-retardant by coating or impregnating the surfaces of flammable materials such as wood and cardboard. Among them, a flame-retardant urea-based and / or melamine-based amino resin as a main component, and by adding a water-soluble inorganic compound thereto, a ceramic foam layer having excellent heat resistance when exposed to a flame is obtained. It is known to be formed. (JP-A-4-
No. 93373).

However, since this flame retardant material turns into a gel at about 10 ° C. even before curing, the workability in coating or impregnating the base material is deteriorated, and further, after curing. There is a problem that the surface of the coating film becomes sticky due to moisture absorption.

Further, as a refractory material used for interiors of buildings, for example, asphalt felt made of asbestos or rock wool is generally known. Although these refractory materials are lightweight and relatively inexpensive, they have a bad effect on the human body. It has been pointed out that it replaces such conventional refractory materials,
It has been desired to develop a refractory material that is lightweight, inexpensive, and safe for the human body.

[0005]

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and instead of the conventional flame retardant as described above, a flame retardant which is stable in hygroscopicity and viscosity and is inexpensive can be used. It is an object of the present invention to provide the above-mentioned conventional flame-retardant material and further improve it. Another object of the present invention is to provide a fireproof material which is lightweight, inexpensive and safe for the human body by using the flame retardant material having such excellent properties.

[0006]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present inventor has earnestly studied in order to develop a novel flame retardant material to replace the conventional flame retardant material and to further improve the conventional flame retardant material. As a result, by using a flame retardant having a composition as described below, it is possible to suppress stickiness of the coating film surface due to moisture absorption and change in viscosity due to temperature, and also to manufacture at a lower cost than conventional ones. I found the fact that. Further, the present inventor can increase the amount of the flame retardant and reduce the weight of the flame retardant layer by covering the surface of the granular material made of a predetermined material with the flame retardant, and at the same time, the filler or the like. We have found the fact that a granular refractory material suitable for the above can be obtained. The present invention has been made based on this finding.

That is, the first flame retardant according to the present invention is a mixture of sodium silicate, oxide ceramics, inorganic fillers, carbide ceramics, nitride ceramics, silicon dioxide-containing compounds, and water. . And
20-60 wt% sodium silicate, 1-15 wt% oxide ceramic, 5-25 wt% inorganic filler,
Carbide ceramic 4 to 20 wt%, nitride ceramic 4 to 20 wt%, silicon dioxide containing compound 5 to 25
wt% and 5 to 25 wt% of water are mixed, preferably 42 wt% of sodium silicate, 5 wt% of oxide ceramic, 14 wt% of inorganic filler,
Carbide ceramic 5 wt%, nitride ceramic 5 w
t%, 16 wt% of the silicon dioxide-containing compound, and 13 wt% of water are mixed. Further, titanium oxide is used as the oxide ceramic, at least one selected from the group consisting of talc, clay, calcium carbonate, and mica is used as the inorganic filler, silicon carbide is used as the carbide ceramic, and silicon nitride is used as the nitride ceramic. As the silicon dioxide-containing compound, at least one selected from the group consisting of pumice powder, perlite, diatomaceous earth, and mica powder is mixed.

Further, the second flame retardant according to the present invention is made by mixing sodium silicate, silicon dioxide and water. And 40-60 sodium silicate
wt%, silicon dioxide 10-40 wt%, and water 1
0 wt% to 20 wt% are mixed, preferably 54 wt% sodium silicate and 19 wt% silicon dioxide.
%, And 17 wt% of water are mixed.

Furthermore, a third flame retardant material according to the present invention is
A urea-based and / or melamine-based amino resin initial condensate,
It is assumed that a phosphoric acid compound and an acidic aqueous solution are added to a base material mainly containing a water-soluble inorganic compound, and a water-soluble adhesive is further added. And the base material 20-60 wt%
The phosphoric acid compound is 8 to 15 wt% and the acidic aqueous solution is 15
˜30% and 20 to 40 wt% of a water-soluble adhesive, preferably 35 wt% of a base material, 11 wt% of a phosphoric acid compound, 19% of water, and 35 wt% of a water-soluble adhesive.
wt% is added. As the phosphoric acid compound, at least one of aluminum phosphate and monoaluminum phosphate can be adopted, and as the acidic aqueous solution,
At least one selected from the group consisting of phosphoric acid, citric acid, gluconic acid, succinic acid, and boric acid can be used.

Further, according to the present invention, the above-mentioned first to third flame retardant materials are provided on any surface selected from the group consisting of combustible materials, incombustible materials, quasi-incombustible materials, flame-retardant materials and quasi-flame-retardant materials. It is applied as a fireproof material by forming a flame barrier layer on it.

Furthermore, the present invention provides a foamed resin material, a wood material,
The fireproof material is formed by covering the periphery of a granular body made of any one of the above-mentioned ceramic materials with the above-mentioned first to third flame-retardant materials and forming a flame-retardant layer thereon.

[0012]

The sodium silicate, oxide ceramics, carbide ceramics, nitride ceramics, and silicon dioxide-containing compounds contained in the first flame retardant material form a flame retardant layer when mixed and cured. When exposed to a flame, it becomes a nonflammable ceramic layer. Titanium oxide as the oxide ceramic, silicon carbide as the carbide ceramic, silicon nitride as the nitride ceramic, pumice powder as the silicon dioxide-containing compound,
Perlite, diatomaceous earth and mica powder can be used. The inorganic filler functions as an extender having a flame retardant property when mixed, and specifically, talc, a fine powder of hydrated silicate mineral such as clay, calcium carbonate, and mica can be adopted. Water is added as a solvent for sodium silicate. Since sodium silicate exhibits tackiness by adding water, it also functions as a binder for other component particles, and the viscosity can be easily adjusted by appropriately adjusting the amount of this water.

If necessary, silica (silicon dioxide), alumina, mica or the like may be added as an auxiliary agent for imparting flame retardancy. In addition, since the compound itself containing the carbide ceramic and silicon dioxide contained in this flame retardant material exhibits a gray color, the flame retardant material as a whole also exhibits a gray color, but when coloring this, red iron oxide (when used as red) Alternatively, chromium oxide (when green is used) may be added as appropriate, and the addition amount is preferably 2% to 5%. To obtain a color other than this, a commonly used water-based pigment is appropriately added.

Further, sodium silicate, silicon dioxide,
The second flame-retardant material mixed with water and water can obtain a colorless and nearly transparent flame-retardant layer by adding silicon dioxide in particular. That is, silicon dioxide is in a state of white powder before mixing, but when the sodium silicate and water are mixed and dried, the flame retardant becomes almost transparent as a whole, so that the hue adjustment at the time of coloring becomes easy. . It should be noted that sodium silicate exerts adhesiveness by being mixed with water to form a flame-retardant layer as in the case of the first flame-retardant material, and the sodium silicate may be inhibited by adjusting the amount of this water. The viscosity of the entire fuel material can be easily adjusted. Silicon dioxide also functions as a transparency-imparting flame retardant layer.

Regarding the third flame retardant containing the urea-based and / or melamine-based amino resin precondensate in the base material, the respective components contained therein function as follows. That is, the urea-based and / or melamine-based amino resin initial condensate forms a flame-retardant foamed carbonized layer when exposed to a flame together with other contained components such as carbohydrates, and also in the base material. Inorganic compounds such as silicon, magnesium, calcium, and aluminum, which are other components, form the refractory ceramic foam layer.
The phosphoric acid compound is added as an auxiliary agent and a viscosity stabilizer for enhancing the flame retardant effect. Aluminum phosphate or monoaluminum phosphate as a phosphoric acid compound is easily dissolved in an acidic aqueous solution of phosphoric acid, citric acid, gluconic acid, etc., which facilitates mixing with the base material. In addition, the water-soluble adhesive is cured in the state of being mixed in the base material to contain the hygroscopic component in the base material, so that the moisture absorption of the flame retardant material layer surface can be suppressed. become. If necessary, a water-resistant resin may be overlaid and thinly coated on the surface to obtain a flame-retardant material having further excellent moisture absorption resistance and weather resistance.

Further, since the viscosity of the water-soluble adhesive as described above does not substantially change even when the temperature changes, the viscosity of the flame retardant material in which the adhesive is kneaded is also stabilized. Become. A water-soluble adhesive using a vinyl acetate emulsion or the like is generally weak in heat even after curing and lacks in flame retardancy, but this third flame retardant is a phosphoric acid compound contained in other substances or other flame retardants. 15 due to the presence of water-soluble inorganic compounds
The flame retardancy can be sufficiently exhibited even with a flame of about 00 ° C. If necessary, an inorganic compound such as silica (silicon dioxide), titanium, silicon carbide, or a compound containing silicon dioxide can be added to improve the hardness of the surface coating film after drying and further enhance the flame retardancy. . When adding these inorganic compounds, the addition amount is 10 to 2 each.
5% is preferable. And since these inorganic compounds also function as a viscosity modifier for imparting appropriate thixotropy for the purpose of so-called sagging prevention when applied, the viscosity and amount of the adhesive to be kneaded into the base material. At the same time, the viscosity of the flame-retardant material as a whole can be easily adjusted by simply adjusting the addition amount of these inorganic compounds, and the workability can be improved. Although this flame retardant material has an opaque white color, it can be colored in a desired color by adding a water-soluble pigment as needed.

For the above-mentioned first to third flame retardants, the numerical range of each contained component is limited to the above range for the following reason. That is, when the content of each component is less than the lower limit value, the function of each component is not sufficiently exerted and the formation of the flame-retardant layer and its flame-retardant effect is also affected. This is because if the content of each component is more than the upper limit, not only is it uneconomical, but the viscosity becomes unstable and workability is impaired.

The present invention also relates to paper, cardboard, wood,
Not only flammable materials such as veneer, cloth and non-woven fabric, but also non-combustible materials such as bricks, asbestos slate and aluminum, quasi-incombustible materials such as gypsum board and wood wool cement, and flame-retardant plywood and flame-retardant fiberboard. By applying it to the surface of a flame-retardant material or a quasi-flame-retardant material such as a reinforced polyester / hard vinyl chloride plate with a net, it is possible to obtain a fire-resistant material having various properties.

That is, for example, iron as a non-combustible material is 40
Although it is deformed by heat of about 0 ° C., the flame retardant material according to the present invention can prevent deformation by heat even when exposed to a flame of about 1500 ° C. Furthermore, if this flame retardant is fixed by applying or impregnating this flame retardant material to a bent cloth, non-woven fabric, glass fiber, etc., it is possible to obtain a refractory material having a curved shape suitable for various applications. Become. Furthermore, by applying it to the surface of the foamed resin material made of expanded polystyrene, it is possible to obtain a lightweight and inexpensive refractory material whose thickness and shape can be freely set. And the fire-resistant material using such foamed resin material has a predetermined thickness of the fire-resistant layer, so that even if it is exposed to a flame, the foamed resin material melts but does not burn, so that no toxic combustion gas is generated. Can be prevented.

Further, if the surface of the granular material made of a predetermined material is covered with the flame retardant, it is possible to increase the amount and weight of the flame retardant. That is, for example, when obtaining a refractory material as described above, the flame retardant material according to the present invention is mixed with an appropriate amount of lightweight granules and cured to increase the flame retardant effect without substantially reducing the flame retardant effect. A flame-retardant material in the form of granules is formed by forming a flame-retardant layer that is made lighter and lighter, or by curing the flame-retardant material on the surface in a dispersed state without agglomerating the mixed particles. You can get it. As the material for the granules, foamed resin materials such as Styrofoam and urethane foam, and wood materials such as cork, wood chips, and granular pulp can be adopted, and if noncombustible materials such as ceramic materials are used, the flame retardancy can be further improved. You can If a porous ceramic material is used, the overall weight of the flame-retardant layer can be further reduced, and as such a lightweight noncombustible material, pumice stone or porous artificial stone particles can be used. . The shape of the granules is spherical, pellet-shaped,
A bead shape, an indefinite shape, or the like can be appropriately selected. As a method for producing an indefinite shape granule, for example, a styrofoam block may be pulverized by a pulverizer.

When an appropriate amount of lightweight granules is mixed in the flame retardant material, the flame retardant material before curing can be provided with appropriate fluidity and light weight, and the amount of the flame retardant material as a whole can be increased. For example, it becomes easy to apply a flame retardant material to the surface of the target object by a spraying method using compressed air. On the other hand, when the flame retardant on the surface is cured while the particles are dispersed without agglomeration, especially for flame retardants containing sodium silicate, the amount of water added should be adjusted. Since the viscosity of the flame retardant material as a whole can be adjusted, the thickness of the flame retardant layer on the surface of the base material can be adjusted. That is, if the viscosity is increased by adding a small amount of water, for example, the thickness of the flame retardant material layer increases. Then, if such a granular refractory material is filled in an appropriate amount inside a hollow body having a flexible outer shell of a desired shape, for example, it is suitable for automobiles, aircrafts, etc. and has a light weight with appropriate flexibility and deformability. You can easily obtain various interior materials and components.

[0022]

The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below. Note that Examples 1 to 5 are the first flame retardants, Examples 6 to 9 are the second flame retardants, and Examples 10 to 13 are the third flame retardants.
It is equivalent to the flame retardant material.

Example 1 The following components were mixed and stirred to obtain an opaque gray flame retardant.

Sodium silicate: 42 wt%, Titanium oxide: 5 wt%, Talc: 14 wt%, Silicon carbide: 5 wt%, Silicon nitride: ……………… 5wt%, silicon dioxide ……………… 16wt%, water ……………… 13wt%,

This flame retardant was applied to the surface of a 5 mm thick veneer plate in various thicknesses and dried, and then an acrylic resin liquid was thinly applied to this surface to form a water resistant transparent film. Then, a flame of a gas burner was applied to this surface to examine the flame-retardant effect. The results are shown in Table 1 below. In addition, the time in the table is the time until the back surface is scorched and smoke is generated, and the surface burns to generate a flame only when the thickness is 0 mm, that is, when the flame retardant is not applied. The time until was measured. The temperature of the gas burner is 600-1500
It was set in the range of ° C.

[0026]

[Table 1]

The flame retardant according to the present invention is applied to a non-combustible material, a quasi-incombustible material, a flame-retardant material, and a quasi-flame-retardant material in addition to the above-mentioned plywood as a combustible material. ,
The flame retardant effect shall be evaluated using combustible materials, which are the most flammable materials, and non-combustible materials, semi-incombustible materials,
Tests on flame-retardant materials and semi-flame-retardant materials were omitted. That is, in the case of using a non-combustible material, a quasi-non-combustible material, a flame-retardant material, a quasi-flame-retardant material, it is clear that the flame retarding effect is further improved and the time in the table is shortened further For example, when actually used as a building material, it is of course preferable to use a non-combustible material, a quasi-incombustible material, a flame-retardant material, or a quasi-flame-retardant material rather than a combustible material. Such an evaluation method of the flame retardant effect of the flame retardant material of the present invention is the same in the following examples.

Example 2 The following components were mixed and stirred to obtain an opaque green flame retardant.

Sodium silicate: 60 wt%, titanium oxide: 1 wt%, clay: 5 wt%, silicon carbide: 4 wt%, silicon nitride: …………… 4wt%, pumice powder ……………… 11wt%, water ……………… 13wt%, chromium oxide (coloring material) ………… 2wt%,

Then, this flame retardant material was applied to the surface of a cardboard having a thickness of 5 mm, and the flame retardant effect was examined in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 2 below.

[0031]

[Table 2]

Example 3 The following components were mixed and stirred to obtain an opaque red flame retardant.

Sodium silicate: 34 wt%, titanium oxide: 15 wt%, talc: 6 wt%, silicon carbide: 5 wt%, silicon nitride: ……………… 3 wt%, pearlite …………………… 10 wt%, water ……………… 15 wt%, silica (hydrogen dioxide) ………… 2 wt%, alumina ……………… 5 wt%, Mica ……………… 3wt%, Bengala ……………… 2wt%,

Then, this flame retardant was applied to the surface of a polystyrene foam plate having a thickness of 50 mm, and the flame retardant effect was examined in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 3 below. The * mark in the table indicates the time until the Styrofoam burns up, and the part without the * mark indicates the time until the Styrofoam melts under the flame retardant material layer without generating flame or smoke.

[0035]

[Table 3]

In the case of the first and second embodiments, the thickness is 0 m.
Except in the case of m, it was confirmed that the flame retardant applied to the surface was blackened by the flame of the gas burner but did not ignite and no flame was observed. Further, in the case of the styrofoam plate of Example 3, when the thickness of the flame-retardant material layer is 0, 0.1 mm, it burns up in a few seconds to a dozen seconds, but the thickness is 0.5, 1, 2 mm.
Then, it was confirmed that it melted out without generating flames or smoke, and that no harmful combustion gas was generated.

Further, as Example 4 and Example 5, the same test was conducted by changing the composition and the composition ratio in Example 1 as follows, and the substantially same results as in Table 1 were obtained.

Example 4 ;

Sodium silicate 20 wt%, titanium oxide 5 wt%, calcium carbonate 25 wt%, silicon carbide 20 wt%, silicon nitride ……………… 20wt%, diatomaceous earth ……………… 5wt%, water ……………… 5wt%,

Example 5 ;

Sodium silicate: 34 wt%, titanium oxide: 3 wt%, mica: 5 wt%, silicon carbide: 4 wt%, silicon nitride: …………… 4wt%, Mica powder ……………… 25wt%, Water ……………… 25wt%,

Example 6 The following components were mixed and stirred to obtain a transparent flame retardant.

Sodium silicate 54 wt%, silicon dioxide 19 wt%, water 17 wt%

This flame retardant was applied to the surface of a 5 mm thick plywood plate in various thicknesses and dried, and then an acrylic resin liquid was thinly applied to this surface to form a water resistant transparent film. Then, a flame of a gas burner was applied to this surface to examine the flame-retardant effect. The results are shown in Table 4 below. In addition, the time in the table is the time until the back surface is scorched and smoke is generated, and the surface burns to generate a flame only when the thickness is 0 mm, that is, when the flame retardant is not applied. The time until was measured. The temperature of the gas burner was in the range of 600 to 1500 ° C. as in Example 1.

[0045]

[Table 4]

Example 7 : The following components were mixed and stirred to obtain a transparent flame retardant.

Sodium silicate: 40 wt%, silica: 40 wt%, water: 20 wt%,

Then, this flame retardant material was applied to the surface of a cardboard having a thickness of 5 mm, and the flame retardant effect was examined in the same manner as in Example 4. The results are shown in Table 5 below.

[0049]

[Table 5]

Example 8 : The following components were mixed and stirred to obtain a transparent flame retardant.

Sodium silicate: 60 wt%, silica: 30 wt%, water: 10 wt%,

Then, this flame retardant material was applied to the surface of a polystyrene foam plate having a thickness of 50 mm, and the flame retardant effect was examined in the same manner as in Example 4. The results are shown in Table 6 below.

[0053]

[Table 6]

In the case of the above Embodiments 4 and 5, the thickness is 0 m.
Except in the case of m, it was confirmed that the flame retardant applied to the surface was blackened by the flame of the gas burner but did not ignite and no flame was observed. Further, in the case of the styrofoam plate of Example 6, when the thickness of the flame retardant material layer is 0 and 0.1 mm, it burns up in a few seconds to a dozen seconds, but the thickness is 0.5 mm and 1 m.
It was confirmed that when m and 2 mm, it melted out without generating flame or smoke, and no harmful combustion gas was generated.

Example 9 : The following components were mixed and stirred to obtain a transparent flame retardant.

Sodium silicate: 60 wt%, silica: 20 wt%, water: 20 wt%,

Then, using this flame retardant material, the above-mentioned Example 8 was used.
When the same test was performed, substantially the same result was obtained.

Example 10 : The following components were mixed and stirred to obtain an opaque white flame retardant.

Base material: 35 wt%, primary aluminum phosphate: 11 wt%, 10% phosphoric acid aqueous solution: 19 wt%, adhesive: 35 wt%

As the base material, urea-based and melamine-based resin initial condensate 40 wt%, calcium phosphate 1
0 wt%, 0.5 wt% inorganic compound consisting of aluminum sulfate, silicon dioxide and zinc sulfate, 3 wt% maltose
%, 47 wt% of water, and 0.5 wt% of other trace elements such as magnesium and manganese are used, and the adhesive is a mixture of starch paste and vinyl acetate emulsion at a ratio of 8: 2 by weight. I am using.

This flame retardant was applied to the surface of a 5 mm thick veneer plate in various thicknesses and dried, and then an acrylic resin solution was thinly applied to this surface to form a water resistant transparent film. Then, a flame of a gas burner was applied to this surface, and Example 1 was applied.
The flame retardant effect was examined in the same manner as in. The results are shown in Table 7 below.
Shown in

[0062]

[Table 7]

Example 11 : The following components were mixed and stirred to obtain an opaque white flame retardant.

Base material: 20 wt%, primary aluminum phosphate: 8 wt%, 16% citric acid aqueous solution: 30 wt%, adhesive: 20 wt%, water: 7 wt%, silica ( 3% by weight, titanium: 5% by weight, alumina: 2% by weight, pearlite: 5% by weight,

The same base material as in Example 10 was used, and the adhesive used was a mixture of starch paste and vinyl acetate emulsion at a ratio of 8: 2 by weight.

Then, this flame retardant material was applied to the surface of a cardboard having a thickness of 5 mm, and the flame retardant effect was examined in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 8 below.

[0067]

[Table 8]

Example 12 : The following components were mixed and stirred to obtain an opaque green flame retardant.

Base material: 20 wt%, monobasic aluminum phosphate: 15 wt%, 15% gluconic acid aqueous solution: 15 wt%, adhesive: 40 wt%, silica (silicon dioxide): 2 wt% %, Titanium oxide 2 wt%, alumina 2 wt%, crystallite A-A 2 wt%, (manufactured by Tatsumori Co., Ltd.) chromium oxide (as a coloring material) 2 wt%,

The same base material as in Example 10 was used, and the adhesive used was a mixture of starch paste and acrylic emulsion in a ratio of 8: 2 by weight. Also, "Crystallite A-A (manufactured by Tatsumori Co., Ltd.)"
The same result was obtained by replacing "Radio Light (manufactured by Showa Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.)".

Then, this flame retardant material was applied to the surface of a polystyrene foam plate having a thickness of 50 mm, and the flame retardant effect was examined in the same manner as in Example 7. The results are shown in Table 9 below.

[0072]

[Table 9]

Example 13 The following components were mixed and stirred to obtain an opaque gray flame retardant.

Base material: 57 wt%, primary aluminum phosphate: 8 wt%, 13% succinic acid aqueous solution: 15 wt%, adhesive: 20 wt%

The same base material as in Example 7 was used, and the adhesive used was a mixture of starch paste and acrylic emulsion in a ratio of 8: 2 by weight.

Then, when the flame retardant was applied to the surface of a polystyrene foam plate having a thickness of 50 mm and the flame retardant effect was examined in the same manner as in Example 7, almost the same results as in Table 9 were obtained. Further, when the aqueous succinic acid solution was replaced with the aqueous boric acid solution in the above composition, substantially the same result was obtained.

In the case of the seventh and eighth embodiments, the thickness is 0 m.
Except in the case of m, it was confirmed that the flame retardant applied to the surface was blackened by the flame of the gas burner but did not ignite and no flame was observed. Further, in the case of the polystyrene foam plate of Example 9, when the thickness of the flame-retardant material layer is 0 and 0.1 mm, it burns up in several seconds to ten and several seconds, but the thickness is 0.5 mm and 1 m.
It was confirmed that when m and 2 mm, it melted out without generating flame or smoke, and no harmful combustion gas was generated.

Examples of the refractory material according to the present invention will be shown below.

Example 14 FIG. 1 shows an example in which the surface of a light-weight granule is covered with a flame retardant material to form a flame retardant layer. In the flame retardant material having the composition described in Example 1, the particles are As a diameter of about 3 mm
The spherical styrofoam granules 1, 1, ... Are mixed and stirred to form each of the styrofoam granules 1, 1 ,.
The surface of ... Was covered with the flame-retardant layer 2. 2 mm of an appropriate amount of granules covered with the flame-retardant layer 2
The surface of the thick veneer plate 3 is applied to a predetermined thickness to form the surface layer 4, and the acrylic resin liquid is applied thinly on the surface layer 4 to form a fireproof coating coated with a water-resistant transparent film 5. Material 6 was obtained.

The thickness of the surface layer 4 of the refractory material 6 was set variously, and a flame of a gas burner was applied to the surface to examine the flame retarding effect in each case. The results are shown in Table 10 below.
Shown in In addition, the time in the table is the time until the back surface is scorched and smoke is generated, and the temperature of the gas burner is set in the range of 600 to 1500 ° C.

[0081]

[Table 10]

Further, instead of the expanded polystyrene particles in Example 10, a spherical porous ceramic material having a diameter of about 3 mm was used, and the flame retarding effect was examined under the same conditions as in Example 10. The results are shown in Table 11 below.

[0083]

[Table 11]

Example 15 FIG. 2 shows an example of wallpaper, and similarly to FIG. 1, spherical expanded polystyrene particles 7 having a diameter of about 1 to 5 mm were used as particles in the flame retardant material described in Example 4 above. , 7,
...... is mixed and stirred, and sprayed onto one surface of the flame-retardant paper 8 that has been subjected to flame-retardant treatment with aluminum hydroxide, and has a surface layer 9 having a thickness of about 3 mm, which is lightweight and has a three-dimensional appearance. We got 10 rich wallpapers.

The thickness of the surface layer 9 of the wallpaper 10 was set variously, and a flame of a gas burner was applied to the surface, and the flame retarding effect in each case was examined in the same manner as in Example 10. The results are shown in Table 12 below.

[0086]

[Table 12]

Furthermore, the styrofoam granules in Example 11 were replaced by irregularly shaped cork pieces having an appropriate size and shape, and the flame retarding effect was examined under the same conditions as in Example 11. The results are shown in Table 13 below.

[0088]

[Table 13]

From the results of Tables 10, 11, and 13, Example 1
It was confirmed that the refractory material of No. 0 and the wallpaper of Example 11 had a sufficiently practical flame retardant effect. When the ceramic particles were used, the flame retarding effect was further improved as compared with Tables 10, 11, and 13.

Example 16 FIG. 3 shows an example of a granular refractory material. In the flame retardant material having the composition described in Example 7, spherical expanded polystyrene particles 11 having a diameter of about 1 to 5 mm, 1
1 and so on were mixed, and the flame retardant was hardened while stirring so that the particles were not aggregated. As a result, granular refractory materials 13, 13, ... Having the flame-retardant layers 12, 12, ... About 1 mm thick are obtained on the surface of each granular material, and the expanded polystyrene particles 11, 11 ..., and an acrylic resin liquid were mixed and cured with stirring to form a water-resistant transparent film 5. Then, as shown in FIG. 4, the granular refractory material 13, 13, ... Is filled in an appropriate amount inside the vinyl chloride skin 15 having the core material 14 built therein, and has a proper cushioning property. The vehicle seat 16 is lightweight and flame-retardant.

[0091]

As described above, the first flame retardant according to the present invention contains sodium silicate, oxide ceramics, inorganic fillers, carbide ceramics, nitride ceramics, and silicon dioxide-containing compounds as main components. Therefore, it is cheaper, less hygroscopic, and has a stable viscosity, as compared with a conventional flame retardant containing a urea- and / or melamine-based amino resin initial condensate and a water-soluble inorganic compound as main components. Then, the viscosity can be easily adjusted only by adjusting the amount of water. Further, coloring can be easily performed by appropriately adding red iron oxide, chromium oxide or the like.

Since the second flame retardant material according to the present invention is a mixture of sodium silicate, silica and water, it is possible to obtain a colorless and nearly transparent flame retardant layer at a lower cost than conventional ones. You can

Furthermore, the third flame retardant according to the present invention is
Urea-based and / or melamine-based amino resin initial condensate is a base material that is mixed with aluminum phosphate, a water-soluble adhesive, and water. A flame retardant having excellent weather resistance and water resistance can be obtained by forming a water resistant resin film on the surface of the flame retardant material. Further, since the viscosity of such an adhesive does not substantially change even when the temperature changes, the viscosity of the entire flame retardant material is stable and the workability does not deteriorate.

In the present invention, since the surface of the granular material is coated with the flame retardant as described above, the amount of the flame retardant can be increased without substantially reducing the overall flame retardant effect. It is possible to reduce the weight and obtain a granular refractory material suitable as a filler.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view showing an embodiment of a refractory material according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view showing another embodiment of the refractory material according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a refractory material having a flame-retardant layer formed on the surface of granules.

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a vehicle seat filled with a refractory material according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1,7,11 Styrofoam granules 2,11 Flame-retardant layer 3 Veneer board 8 Flame-retardant paper 6,13 Refractory material

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Claims (13)

[Claims] 1. Sodium silicate, oxide ceramics,
Inorganic filler, carbide ceramic, nitride ceramic,
A flame retardant obtained by mixing a silicon dioxide-containing compound and water. 2. Sodium silicate 20-60 wt%,
1 to 15 wt% oxide ceramic, 5 inorganic filler
25 wt%, carbide ceramics 4-20 wt%, nitride ceramics 4-20 wt%, silicon dioxide-containing compound 5-25 wt%, and water 5-25 wt% are mixed. . 3. 42 wt% sodium silicate, 5 wt% oxide ceramic, 14 wt% inorganic filler, 5 wt% carbide ceramic, 5 wt% nitride ceramic.
%, 16 wt% silicon dioxide-containing compound, and 1 water
The flame retardant material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the flame retardant material is a mixture of 3 wt%. 4. Titanium oxide as the oxide ceramic,
As mineral filler, talc, clay, calcium carbonate,
And at least one selected from the group consisting of mica, silicon carbide as a carbide ceramic, silicon nitride as a nitride ceramic, pumice powder as a silicon dioxide-containing compound, perlite, diatomaceous earth, and a group consisting of mica powder. The flame retardant material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein at least one selected from the above is mixed. 5. A flame retardant obtained by mixing sodium silicate, silicon dioxide, and water. 6. 40 to 60 wt% of sodium silicate,
10 to 40 wt% of silicon dioxide and 10 to 20 of water
The flame retardant material according to claim 5, wherein the flame retardant material is mixed by wt%. 7. The flame retardant material according to claim 5 or 6, which is obtained by mixing 54 wt% of sodium silicate, 19 wt% of silicon dioxide, and 17 wt% of water. 8. A blocking material obtained by adding a phosphoric acid compound and an acidic aqueous solution to a base material mainly containing a urea-based and / or melamine-based amino resin initial condensate and a water-soluble inorganic compound, and further adding a water-soluble adhesive. Fuel material. 9. The flame retardant material according to claim 8, wherein 8 to 15 wt% of a phosphoric acid compound, 15 to 30% of an acidic aqueous solution, and 20 to 40 wt% of a water-soluble adhesive are added to 20 to 60 wt% of a base material. . 10. A base material (35 wt%), a phosphoric acid compound (11 wt%), an acidic aqueous solution (19%), and a water-soluble adhesive (3).
The flame retardant material according to claim 8 or 9, which is obtained by adding 5 wt%. 11. The phosphoric acid compound is at least one of aluminum phosphate and monoaluminum phosphate, and the acidic aqueous solution is selected from the group consisting of phosphoric acid, citric acid, gluconic acid, succinic acid, and boric acid. The flame retardant material according to any one of claims 8 to 10, which is at least one of them. 12. A combustible material, an incombustible material, a semi-incombustible material, a flame-retardant material,
A fire-resistant material comprising the flame-retardant material according to any one of claims 1 to 11 applied to any surface selected from the group consisting of quasi-flame-retardant materials, and a flame-retardant layer formed thereon. 13. A flame-retardant layer is formed by covering the periphery of a granular material made of a foamed resin material, a wood-based material, or a ceramic material with the flame-retardant material according to any one of claims 1 to 11. Fireproof material made by.