JPH0854334A - Simple method for mechanical analysis of soil by sedimentation - Google Patents
Simple method for mechanical analysis of soil by sedimentationInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0854334A JPH0854334A JP21214194A JP21214194A JPH0854334A JP H0854334 A JPH0854334 A JP H0854334A JP 21214194 A JP21214194 A JP 21214194A JP 21214194 A JP21214194 A JP 21214194A JP H0854334 A JPH0854334 A JP H0854334A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- particle size
- soil
- silt
- standard particles
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は土の粒度試験方法に関す
る。さらに詳しくは、砂、シルトおよび粘土の含有率を
簡易に推定できる土の沈降分析による粒度試験方法に関
する。FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for testing soil particle size. More specifically, the present invention relates to a particle size test method by sedimentation analysis of soil capable of easily estimating the contents of sand, silt and clay.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来より、土の粒度試験方法としては、
ＪＩＳ Ａ１２０４Ｔー１９８０「土の粒度試験方法
（Method of Grain-Size Analysis of Solids）」に規
定された方法が用いられている。すなわち、検査しよう
とする土の試験体２１をメスシリンダ１内の水２２と混
合して、分散装置により撹拌して懸濁液２とする。つい
で、この懸濁液２に比重浮ひょう５０を浮かべ、そして
その懸濁液２の比重の時間的変化を計測することにより
粒径分布の算出がなされている（図３参照）。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a soil particle size test method,
The method specified in JIS A1204T-1980 "Method of Grain-Size Analysis of Solids" is used. That is, the soil test body 21 to be inspected is mixed with the water 22 in the graduated cylinder 1 and stirred by the dispersion device to form the suspension 2. Next, the particle size distribution is calculated by floating a specific gravity float 50 on the suspension 2 and measuring the temporal change in the specific gravity of the suspension 2 (see FIG. 3).
【０００３】しかしながら、前記時間的変化の計測は、
前記懸濁液２には粒径の大きなものから微細なものまで
が混在している関係上、撹拌が終了してから１分後，２
分後，５分後，１５分後，３０分後，６０分後，２４０
分後，１４４０分後の値を計測するよう規定されている
ので、その計測が非常に煩雑である。しかも、その間に
懸濁液２の温度が変化すると、懸濁液２の比重が変化し
て正確な計測がなし得ないので、懸濁液２の温度を一定
に保つ必要がある。そのため、メスシリンダ１は恒温水
槽に入れられて前記計測がなされる。However, the measurement of the temporal change is
Due to the fact that the suspension 2 has a mixture of particles having a large particle size to particles having a fine particle size, one minute after the end of stirring, 2
Minutes, 5 minutes, 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 60 minutes, 240 minutes
Since it is specified to measure the value after 1 minute and after 1440 minutes, the measurement is very complicated. Moreover, if the temperature of the suspension 2 changes during that time, the specific gravity of the suspension 2 changes and accurate measurement cannot be performed, so it is necessary to keep the temperature of the suspension 2 constant. Therefore, the graduated cylinder 1 is put in a constant temperature water tank and the measurement is performed.
【０００４】このように、従来の土の沈降分析による粒
度試験方法は多くの装置を必要としているので、現場に
おいて手軽に土の粒度分布を計測することができないと
いう問題がある。As described above, since the conventional method of particle size test by sedimentation analysis of soil requires many devices, there is a problem that the particle size distribution of soil cannot be easily measured on site.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明はかかる従来技
術の問題点に鑑みなされたものであって、現場において
手軽に土の粒度分布を知ることのできる土の沈降分析に
よる粒度試験方法を提供することを目的としている。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and provides a particle size test method by sedimentation analysis of soil which allows the soil particle size distribution to be easily known on site. The purpose is to do.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の土の簡易粒度試
験方法は、粒径の違いによる沈降速度の違いを利用して
土の粒度を試験する試験方法において、塗料が塗布され
た砂層とシルト層とを識別するための第１標準粒子、お
よび塗料が塗布されたシルト層と粘土層とを識別するた
めの第２標準粒子を含有している懸濁液を利用すること
を特徴とする。The simple soil particle size test method of the present invention is a test method in which the particle size of soil is tested by utilizing the difference in sedimentation speed due to the difference in particle size. A suspension containing a first standard particle for distinguishing from a silt layer and a second standard particle for distinguishing between a coated silt layer and a clay layer is used. .
【０００７】[0007]
【作用】本発明の土の簡易粒度試験方法においては、検
査対象の懸濁液は塗料が塗布された砂層とシルト層とを
識別するための第１標準粒子、および塗料が塗布された
シルト層と粘土層とを識別するための第２標準粒子を含
有しているので、所定時間が経過すると砂層とシルト層
との間に第１標準粒子による境界層が形成され、またシ
ルト層と粘土層との間に第２標準粒子による境界層が形
成される。そのため、砂層、シルト層および粘土層の割
合を直感的に把握することができる。そして、その各層
の厚さを計測するという簡単な操作で、砂、シルトおよ
び粘土の割合を推定できる。In the simple soil particle size test method of the present invention, the suspension to be inspected is the first standard particles for distinguishing the sand layer coated with the paint from the silt layer, and the silt layer coated with the paint. Since the second standard particles for distinguishing between the sand layer and the clay layer are included, a boundary layer formed by the first standard particles is formed between the sand layer and the silt layer after a predetermined time, and the silt layer and the clay layer are formed. A boundary layer of the second standard particles is formed between and. Therefore, it is possible to intuitively understand the proportions of the sand layer, the silt layer, and the clay layer. Then, the ratio of sand, silt and clay can be estimated by a simple operation of measuring the thickness of each layer.
【０００８】[0008]
【実施例】以下、添付図面を参照しながら本発明を実施
例に基づいて説明するが、本発明はかかる実施例のみに
限定されるものではない。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will now be described based on embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to such embodiments.
【０００９】図１に示すように、本発明の土の沈降分析
による粒度試験方法においては、まず、メスシリンダ１
の中に、検査をしようとする土の試験体２１と水２２と
を混ぜて懸濁液２を調整する。ただし、その際に、砂層
とシルト層との境界が明瞭となるように、砂とシルトと
の間の粒径、例えば７４μｍの粒径を有する塗料が塗布
された第１標準粒子３、およびシルト層と粘土層との境
界が明瞭となるように、シルトと粘土との間の粒径、例
えば５μｍの粒径を有する塗料が塗布された第２標準粒
子４が混入されて懸濁液２が調整される。なお、混入さ
れる各標準粒子３，４の量は、各層の間に境界層が形成
できる程度とされる。また、塗料としては、例えば蛍光
塗料が用いられる。As shown in FIG. 1, in the particle size test method by sedimentation analysis of soil according to the present invention, first, a graduated cylinder 1 is used.
The suspension 2 is prepared by mixing the soil test body 21 to be inspected with the water 22. However, in that case, the first standard particles 3 coated with a coating material having a particle size between the sand and the silt, for example, a particle size of 74 μm, and the silt so that the boundary between the sand layer and the silt layer becomes clear. In order to make the boundary between the layer and the clay layer clear, the second standard particles 4 coated with a paint having a particle size between the silt and the clay, for example, a particle size of 5 μm are mixed to form a suspension 2. Adjusted. The amount of the standard particles 3 and 4 mixed is such that a boundary layer can be formed between the layers. As the paint, for example, fluorescent paint is used.
【００１０】このようにして調整された懸濁液２を所定
時間、例えば２４時間放置しておくと、図２に示すよう
に、砂層５、シルト層６および粘土層７がこの順で堆積
された堆積層が形成される。しかも、前述のごとく、懸
濁液２には塗料が塗布されてなる第１標準粒子３および
第２標準粒子４が混入されているので、砂層５とシルト
層６との間には第１標準粒子３による境界層８が形成さ
れ、またシルト層６と粘土層７との間には第２標準粒子
４による境界層９が形成される。そのため、砂層５、シ
ルト層６および粘土層７を容易に識別することができ
る。なお、図２においては、説明の便宜上、境界層８，
９の厚さは誇張されている。When the suspension 2 thus prepared is allowed to stand for a predetermined time, for example, 24 hours, a sand layer 5, a silt layer 6 and a clay layer 7 are deposited in this order as shown in FIG. A deposited layer is formed. Moreover, as described above, since the suspension 2 is mixed with the first standard particles 3 and the second standard particles 4 coated with the coating material, the first standard particles 3 and the silt layer 6 are provided between the first standard particles 3 and the silt layer 6. A boundary layer 8 of the particles 3 is formed, and a boundary layer 9 of the second standard particles 4 is formed between the silt layer 6 and the clay layer 7. Therefore, the sand layer 5, the silt layer 6, and the clay layer 7 can be easily identified. In FIG. 2, for convenience of explanation, the boundary layer 8,
The thickness of 9 is exaggerated.
【００１１】そして、これら砂層５、シルト層６および
粘土層７の厚さを測定すれば、検査対象の土の砂、シル
トおよび粘土の含有率をほぼ推定することができる。す
なわち、砂層５の厚さをＬｓ、シルト層６の厚さをＬｍ
および粘土層７の厚さをＬｃとし、また沈降した土粒子
全体の厚さをＬとすれば、第１標準粒子３および第２標
準粒子４により形成される各境界層８，９の厚さは無視
できるとすると、砂、シルトおよび粘土の含有率の概略
の推定値は下記式により得られる。 砂の含有率＝Ｌｓ／Ｌ シルトの含有率＝Ｌｍ／Ｌ 粘土の含有率＝Ｌｃ／ＬBy measuring the thicknesses of the sand layer 5, the silt layer 6 and the clay layer 7, the contents of sand, silt and clay in the soil to be inspected can be roughly estimated. That is, the thickness of the sand layer 5 is Ls, and the thickness of the silt layer 6 is Lm.
And the thickness of the clay layer 7 is Lc, and the thickness of the entire settled soil particles is L, the thickness of the boundary layers 8 and 9 formed by the first standard particles 3 and the second standard particles 4 If is negligible, a rough estimate of the sand, silt and clay content is given by: Sand content = Ls / L Silt content = Lm / L Clay content = Lc / L
【００１２】一方、第１標準粒子３および第２標準粒子
４により形成される境界層８（Ｌ1）および境界層９
（Ｌ2）の厚さを考慮する場合には、砂、シリトおよび
粘土の含有率の概略の推定値は下記式で算定できる。 砂の含有率＝Ｌｓ／（Ｌ−Ｌ1−Ｌ2） シルトの含有率＝Ｌｍ／（Ｌ−Ｌ1−Ｌ2） 粘土の含有率＝Ｌｃ／（Ｌ−Ｌ1−Ｌ2）On the other hand, a boundary layer 8 (L 1 ) and a boundary layer 9 formed by the first standard particles 3 and the second standard particles 4 are formed.
When considering the thickness of (L 2 ), a rough estimate of the content rates of sand, silit and clay can be calculated by the following formula. Sand content = Ls / (L-L 1 -L 2) silt content = Lm / (L-L 1 -L 2) clay content = Lc / (L-L 1 -L 2)
【００１３】[0013]
【発明の効果】以上詳述したように、本発明の試験方法
によれば、現場において土の粒度分布を簡易に知ること
ができるので、土の粒度試験に要する手間およびコスト
を大幅に低減できるという優れた効果が得られる。As described above in detail, according to the test method of the present invention, it is possible to easily know the particle size distribution of soil at the site, so that the labor and cost required for the soil particle size test can be greatly reduced. That is an excellent effect.
【図１】本発明の試験方法の説明図であって、懸濁液が
調整された状態を示す。FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a test method of the present invention, showing a state in which a suspension is prepared.
【図２】本発明の試験方法の説明図であって、砂層、シ
ルト層および粘土層が形成された状態を示す。FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of the test method of the present invention, showing a state in which a sand layer, a silt layer and a clay layer are formed.
【図３】従来の試験方法の説明図であって、懸濁液に比
重浮ひょうが浮かべられた状態を示す。FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional test method, showing a state in which a specific gravity float is floated on a suspension.
１ メスシリンダ ２ 懸濁液 ２１ 土の試験体 ２２ 水 ３ 第１標準粒子 ４ 第２標準粒子 ５ 砂層（Ｌｓ） ６ シルト層（Ｌｍ） ７ 粘土層（Ｌｃ） ８ 第１標準粒子の境界層（Ｌ1） ９ 第２標準粒子の境界層（Ｌ2） Ｌ 沈降した土粒子全体の厚さ1 Measuring Cylinder 2 Suspension 21 Soil Specimen 22 Water 3 First Standard Particle 4 Second Standard Particle 5 Sand Layer (Ls) 6 Silt Layer (Lm) 7 Clay Layer (Lc) 8 Boundary Layer of First Standard Particle ( L 1 ) 9 Boundary layer of second standard particles (L 2 ) L Total thickness of sedimented soil particles
Claims (2)
して土の粒度を試験する試験方法において、塗料が塗布
された砂層とシルト層とを識別するための第１標準粒
子、および塗料が塗布されたシルト層と粘土層とを識別
するための第２標準粒子を含有している懸濁液を利用す
ることを特徴とする土の沈降分析による簡易粒度試験方
法。1. A first standard particle for distinguishing between a sand layer coated with a paint and a silt layer in a test method for testing a particle size of soil by utilizing a difference in sedimentation velocity due to a difference in particle size, and a paint. A simple particle size test method by sedimentation analysis of soil, characterized in that a suspension containing second standard particles for distinguishing a silt layer and a clay layer coated with is used.
準粒子が、着色または蛍光を発するように調整されてな
り、前記第１標準粒子の粒径が７４μｍとされ、かつ第
２標準粒子の粒径が５μｍとされてなることを特徴とす
る請求項１記載の土の沈降分析による簡易粒度試験方法
に用いる標準粒子。2. The first standard particles and / or the second standard particles are adjusted to emit color or fluorescence, and the particle size of the first standard particles is 74 μm, and the second standard particles have a particle size of 74 μm. The standard particle used in the simple particle size test method according to claim 1, wherein the particle size is 5 μm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP21214194A JP3491205B2 (en) | 1994-08-11 | 1994-08-11 | Simple particle size test method by sedimentation analysis of soil |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP21214194A JP3491205B2 (en) | 1994-08-11 | 1994-08-11 | Simple particle size test method by sedimentation analysis of soil |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0854334A true JPH0854334A (en) | 1996-02-27 |
| JP3491205B2 JP3491205B2 (en) | 2004-01-26 |
Family
ID=16617573
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP21214194A Expired - Fee Related JP3491205B2 (en) | 1994-08-11 | 1994-08-11 | Simple particle size test method by sedimentation analysis of soil |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3491205B2 (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012220229A (en) * | 2011-04-05 | 2012-11-12 | Ryudoka Shori Koho Sogo Kanri:Kk | Method for measuring content rate of fine-grained fraction of displaced soil and method for manufacturing raw material soil for earthwork material |
| JP2013256847A (en) * | 2012-06-14 | 2013-12-26 | Ohbayashi Corp | Core generating device and core generating method |
| JP2014163759A (en) * | 2013-02-22 | 2014-09-08 | Land Craft Co Ltd | Soil sedimentation analytic method |
| CN105300860A (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2016-02-03 | 华东师范大学 | Large-size movable suspended matter section high-resolution measurement and slidable sampling device |
| CN108692911A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-10-23 | 北京农业智能装备技术研究中心 | A kind of granulated fertilizer wind send characteristic detection device and detection method |
| CN110006798A (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2019-07-12 | 中海石油(中国)有限公司深圳分公司 | The experimental provision and method of Cutting movement deposition are returned out in simulation deep water surface layer drilling well |
| WO2022244270A1 (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2022-11-24 | 東亜建設工業株式会社 | Sediment characteristic estimation method and characteristic estimation system |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106226837A (en) * | 2016-07-04 | 2016-12-14 | 中交天津航道局有限公司 | A kind of submarine surface seeks the method for sand with a wide range of precise |
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1994
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012220229A (en) * | 2011-04-05 | 2012-11-12 | Ryudoka Shori Koho Sogo Kanri:Kk | Method for measuring content rate of fine-grained fraction of displaced soil and method for manufacturing raw material soil for earthwork material |
| JP2013256847A (en) * | 2012-06-14 | 2013-12-26 | Ohbayashi Corp | Core generating device and core generating method |
| JP2014163759A (en) * | 2013-02-22 | 2014-09-08 | Land Craft Co Ltd | Soil sedimentation analytic method |
| CN105300860A (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2016-02-03 | 华东师范大学 | Large-size movable suspended matter section high-resolution measurement and slidable sampling device |
| CN108692911A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-10-23 | 北京农业智能装备技术研究中心 | A kind of granulated fertilizer wind send characteristic detection device and detection method |
| CN110006798A (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2019-07-12 | 中海石油(中国)有限公司深圳分公司 | The experimental provision and method of Cutting movement deposition are returned out in simulation deep water surface layer drilling well |
| WO2022244270A1 (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2022-11-24 | 東亜建設工業株式会社 | Sediment characteristic estimation method and characteristic estimation system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3491205B2 (en) | 2004-01-26 |
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