JPH0849603A - Hydrogen fueled engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a hydrogen fueled engine which can directly drive a piston by using hydrogen and high temperature steam respectively generated by a reaction metal body reacting to water. CONSTITUTION:A hydrogen fueled engine is built up in such a way that a piston 200 is driven by. directly pouring a gaseous mixture 252 consisting of hydrogen and high temperature steam respectively generated from an electrothermic reacting means 100 by a rection metal body reacting to water, into the combustion chamber 206 of an engine so as to burn the hydrogen. Hereby, this hydrogen fueled engine can be used for a reciprocating engine for enhancing compression ratio, and also its spatiality and safety are improved.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a hydrogen engine,
In particular, it relates to a new improvement for directly driving a piston by using hydrogen and high temperature steam generated by using a reaction metal body such as aluminum or magnesium that electrochemically reacts with water.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional hydrogen engine of this type, a high-pressure hydrogen filled in a cylinder,
A structure using a hydrogen storage alloy and a method of directly using pure hydrogen such as a liquid hydrogen cylinder have been adopted. As an example of this hydrogen engine, as shown in FIG. 13, a spark plug 202 and a hydrogen injection valve 203 are provided above a cylinder 201 having a piston 200. A hydraulic pipe 204 for driving the hydrogen injection valve 203 and a hydrogen gas tank 205 are connected, and pure hydrogen 205a from the hydrogen gas tank 205 is connected to the hydrogen injection valve 20.
3 was supplied to the combustion chamber 206 above the piston 200 in the cylinder 201 in the form of mist and ignited to drive the piston 200. Therefore, to describe its operation,
Hydrogen 20 supplied to the combustion chamber 206 at a predetermined timing
5a is mixed with air that has been sucked in in advance, is ignited by electric sparks from the spark plug 202, the combustion chamber 206 has a high pressure, the piston 200 is pushed downward in the cylinder 201, and power is supplied by a crank mechanism (not shown). I was taking it out.

[0003]

Since the conventional hydrogen engine is constructed as described above, the following problems exist. That is, since the conventional hydrogen engine stores pure hydrogen in a relatively low-pressure tank and uses it, a hydrogen injection valve having a high-pressure hydraulic injection device, for example, is required, which makes it difficult to downsize. It was a big obstacle to practical application.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and in particular, it uses hydrogen and high-temperature steam generated by using a reaction metal body such as aluminum or magnesium that electrochemically reacts with water. An object of the present invention is to provide a hydrogen engine in which a piston is directly driven.

[0005]

In the hydrogen engine according to the present invention, a mixed gas of hydrogen and high temperature steam generated from an electrothermal chemical reaction means of water and a reaction metal body is directly injected into a combustion chamber of the engine to generate the hydrogen. It is configured to burn and drive the piston.

More specifically, the electrothermal chemical reaction means is located in the water, a container containing water, a reaction metal body slidably held by a sliding contact electrode connected to the container, and the water. Together with the reaction metal body, and
A heat-resistant electrode held in the container via an electrical insulator, a hydrogen gas reservoir for accumulating hydrogen gas generated in the container, and a hydrogen gas reservoir for taking out hydrogen gas in the hydrogen gas reservoir. And a power source connected to the reaction metal body and the heat resistant electrode.

More specifically, the reaction metal body is made of a magnesium body enclosed in an electrically insulating container, and the electrically insulating container is provided with first and second electrodes which are in contact with the respective electrodes. Is.

More specifically, the reaction metal body is made of a magnesium body enclosed in an electrically insulating container, and the electrically insulating container is provided with an electrically ignitable explosive which explodes when electricity is applied from the electrodes. It is a composition.

More specifically, the electrothermal chemical reaction means is a container having a high-pressure gas extraction tube and a start electrode, and a reaction metal body provided in the container and disposed on the start electrode to perform an electrochemical thermochemical reaction with water. A high-voltage power supply connected between the container and the start electrode, and water supply means for supplying the water into the container, and after discharge between the lower end of the reaction metal body and the start electrode. The water is supplied to the reaction metal body.

More specifically, the water is supplied to the lower end of the reaction metal body.

More specifically, the water is supplied from the upper part of the reaction metal body through the hole in the upper part of the inner cylinder in the container.

More specifically, a check valve is provided between the container and the water supply means.

More specifically, the reaction metal body is made of an aluminum body.

More specifically, the reaction metal body is composed of a magnesium body.

[0015]

In the electrothermal chemical reaction means in the hydrogen engine according to the present invention, when electricity is applied to the reaction metal body in water and the heat-resistant electrode, underwater discharge is generated between the reaction metal body and the heat-resistant electrode, and high temperature steam is generated. Occurs. A gas metal is generated by the high temperature steam, and an electrothermal chemical reaction between the steam and the gas metal (that is, water and an aluminum body) is induced to constantly generate hydrogen and high temperature steam. The hydrogen and high-temperature steam accumulate in the hydrogen gas reservoir and can be taken out as needed by opening and closing the valve. Further, in another electrothermal chemical reaction means, water is supplied to the reactive metal body at a high temperature of 1000 ° C. or higher by the discharge between the reactive metal body and the start electrode to start the electrothermal chemical reaction between the reactive metal body and water. Then, thereafter, by continuing to supply only water, the reduction reaction of water is continued by utilizing the reaction heat, and the generation of high temperature hydrogen and high temperature steam can be continued. Since the hydrogen and steam thus obtained are high in temperature, the piston can be driven by directly supplying them to the combustion chamber of the cylinder.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A preferred embodiment of the hydrogen engine according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 4
Up to now, the hydrogen engine configuration diagram, FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing the electrothermal chemical reaction means, FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing the operating state of FIG. 5, and FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram showing another embodiment of FIG. 8 is a sectional view of another embodiment of the main part of FIG. 5, FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram of another electrothermal chemical reaction means, FIG. 10 is an operation state diagram of FIG. 9, and FIG. 11 is another embodiment of FIG. The configuration diagram shown in FIG. 12 and FIG. 12 are explanatory diagrams of the operation in FIG.

A cylinder designated by 201 in FIGS. 1 to 4 includes a piston 200 and a crank 200.
A is operably provided, and an intake valve 2 for sucking air is provided in a combustion chamber 206 formed in an upper portion of the cylinder 201.
Intake pipe 251 having 50, mixed gas injection pipe 254 having mixed gas injection valve 253 for injecting mixed gas 252 composed of hydrogen and high temperature steam, spark plug 202, and exhaust valve 2
Exhaust pipes 256 having 55 are each connected.

Therefore, in the above-mentioned structure, the intake valve 250 shown in FIG. 1 is closed from the open valve to compress the air in the combustion chamber 206, and the mixture injection valve 253 is opened as shown in FIG. The mixed gas 252 is injected from the mixed gas injection pipe 254. The pressure of the mixed gas 252 causes the piston 200 to start driving downward as shown in FIG. 3. Therefore, when the mixed gas injection valve 253 is closed again and the ignition plug 202 is ignited,
The pressure reaches the maximum value in the combustion chamber 206, and the output is accumulated in the flywheel (not shown) via the crank 200A. Finally, when the exhaust valve 255 is opened, the exhaust pipe 256
The exhaust 300 is performed.

Next, the electrothermal chemical reaction means 100 for generating the above-mentioned mixed gas 252 will be described. First, in FIGS. 5 and 6, the reference numeral 1 indicates a container having an overall shape of a box and made of a pressure-resistant conductive material containing water 2, and a screw hole at the bottom 1 a of the container 1. 1aB
An electric insulator 4 having a heat-resistant electrode 3 is screwed on and provided in the.

Between the heat resistant electrode 3 and the bottom portion 1a,
A resistor 5, a switch 6 and a power source 7 are connected in series, and inside the sliding contact electrode 8 integrally hung from the inner surface 1c of the ceiling portion 1b of the container 1, the sliding contact electrode is formed. A reaction metal body 9 made of a rod-shaped aluminum body held by 8 and electrothermally reacting with water 2 is provided so as to be vertically movable and slidable. The lower end 9d of this reaction metal body 9 is It is configured to contact the upper end 3a.

A lid 11 is placed on the upper portion of the hydrogen gas storage portion 10 formed integrally on the ceiling portion 1b of the container 1, and is provided on the side portion of the hydrogen gas storage portion 10. The discharge cylinder 12 is provided with a valve 13. Therefore, when the valve 13 is opened, the hydrogen gas reservoir 10 is opened.
The gas mixture 252 having hydrogen gas therein can be taken out.

Next, the operation will be described. First, when the valve 13 is closed and the switch 6 is turned on, the contact resistance between the upper end 3a of the heat-resistant electrode 3 and the lower end 9d of the reaction metal body 9 causes the lower end 9d of the reaction metal body 9 to generate high heat, and its surroundings. The water 2 becomes high-temperature steam, an electrothermal chemical reaction of aluminum and water occurs, high-pressure hydrogen 20 is generated, and the reactive metal body 9 is pushed up in the direction of arrow A.

When the lower end 9d of the reaction metal body 9 is above the contact 8a of the sliding contact electrode 8, the container 1 and the heat-resistant electrode 3 are disconnected from each other, and the current to the heat-resistant electrode 3 is cut off. Then, the reaction metal body 9 which has risen and has risen falls until it comes into contact with the heat-resistant electrode 3, and the above-described electrothermal chemical reaction starts again.

The mixed gas 252 generated by the above-described electrothermal chemical reaction is accumulated in the hydrogen gas reservoir 10 of the container 1, and the valve 13 is opened to open the mixed gas 252.
Therefore, when the reaction metal body 9 is completely consumed, the lid 11 is opened and the fresh water 2 and the reaction metal body 9 are exchanged, so that the same electrothermal chemical reaction as described above can be performed again to increase the pressure. Mixed gas 252 can be obtained. In addition, as the power source 7, not only a commercial power source,
Batteries can be used. The hydrogen gas reservoir 10 is
Without being limited to the above-mentioned configuration, for example, as shown in FIG. 7, a hydrogen gas reservoir 10A is connected to the container 1 via a connecting pipe 20, and a mixed gas is supplied via a valve 13 provided in the hydrogen gas reservoir 10A. It is also possible to take out 252 as needed. Therefore, the entire apparatus can be downsized, and it can be applied to a hydrogen engine mounted on a vehicle.

The structure shown in FIG. 8 shows another embodiment of the reaction metal body 9. Instead of the above-mentioned aluminum body, a solid or fine magnesium or fine powder magnesium body 9a is formed of aluminum or the like. The reaction metal body 9 is housed in the metal container 9b, and the reaction metal body 9 is sealed by the lid 9c. The metal container 9b is configured so that the magnesium body 9a does not immediately react with the water 2.

Next, the operation will be described. First, the reaction metal body 9 of FIG. 5 is used as the reaction metal body 9 having the magnesium body 9a shown in FIG. 8 therein, and when the switch 6 is turned on, the upper end 3a of the heat resistant electrode 3 and the electrothermal chemistry of the metal container 9b of FIG. The reaction causes the metal container 9b to generate high heat and melt, and the heated water 2 contacts the magnesium body 9a in the metal container 9b to start the reduction reaction. Switch 6 turns on for a while
Continuing with, the magnesium body 9a becomes hot due to the underwater discharge, and the reduction reaction is spontaneously maintained. Here, when the switch 6 is turned off, the reaction is continued by the heat generated by itself and hydrogen is constantly generated. When the metal container 9b is an electrically insulating container (not shown) made of an electrically insulating material such as plastics, only the portions in contact with the electrodes 3 and 8 of FIG. 5 have the first and second electrodes as shown in FIG. 30,
31, an electric ignitable powder (not shown, but provided in the insulating container) is ignited by the switch 6, and the high heat thereof causes the magnesium body 9a and the water 2 to pass through as described above.
The reduction reaction of may be induced.

Next, another electrothermal chemical reaction means 100 composed of the electrothermal chemical boiler shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 will be described. The same parts as those in the above-described embodiment will be described using the same reference numerals. For simplicity of description, a case of a boiler using a magnesium body as the reaction metal body 9 will be described. In FIG. 9, 40 is a water tank, 41 is an intake / exhaust pump, 42 is an intake / exhaust pipe, and the water tank 40 and the intake / exhaust pump 41 are connected to each other via a first valve 43 and an intake / exhaust pipe 42. A water supply opening pipe 46 having a second valve 45 is connected to the upper portion of 40.

The water supply / drainage pipe 47 provided in the water 2 of the water tank 40 is connected to the lower portion of the high-pressure container 1 via the third valve 48 and the check valve 49. A lid 51 having a pressure gauge 50 is provided in the container 1, a start electrode 3A insulated by an electric insulator 4 is provided in a bottom portion 1a of the container 1, and an upper portion of the container 1 is provided with
A high pressure gas extraction pipe 12a is provided.

The start electrode 3A is connected to the high voltage power source 7 via the switch 6, the discharge resistor 5, the capacitor 60 and the charging resistor 61. The intake / exhaust pump 41,
The water tank 40 and the valves 43, 45, and 48 constitute the water supply means 80, but may be, for example, a cylinder or a submersible pump pipe.

Next, the operation will be described. First, when the mixed gas 252 is required, the water supply opening pipe 4 is placed in the water tank 40.
Water 2 is injected from 6 and the third valve 48 is closed at this time. Further, the reaction metal body 9 made of a magnesium rod which is an energy source opens the lid 51 and is placed on the start electrode 3A, and then the lid 5 is closed again.

Next, in order to generate the mixed gas 252, in FIG. 10, first, after confirming that the second valve 45 is closed, after opening the first and third valves 43 and 48, Switch 6 is turned on. At the same time, discharge H occurs at the lower end 9d of the reaction metal body 9 and the temperature becomes high. At this time, the pressure gauge still hardly moves. Therefore, when the pump 41 is started to send air into the tank 40, the third valve 48 and the check valve 4
The water 2 is supplied to the bottom portion 1a through the water. At this moment, the pressure gauge 50 starts to move and indicates a pressure increase in the container 1. Here, when the water 2 is supplied into the container 1 while the switch 6 is turned off, the reaction metal body 9, magnesium, and the water 2 start to react violently, and the mixed gas 25
2 (mixture of high-pressure hydrogen and high-pressure steam) is sent to the aforementioned hydrogen engine.

Next, the configurations shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 are other embodiments of the configurations shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, and only the portions different from the configurations shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 will be described. . That is, the high temperature gas extraction pipe 1 is provided on the top of the container 1.
A lid 51 having a pressure gauge 50 and a lid 2a is detachably provided, and the holding cylinder portion 1 is formed by erected on the bottom portion 1a of the container 1.
The aA is provided with an internal cylinder 90 having a hole 59 in the upper part thereof.

In the above-mentioned state, the switch 6 is turned on and the reaction metal body 9 is heated to a high temperature by the above-mentioned discharge,
When the third valve 48 is opened and water is guided to the check valve 49, the water passes through the space between the container 1 and the inner cylinder 90, travels along the surface of the reaction metal body 9 from the upper hole 59, and falls down. The water reacts violently with magnesium which is the reaction metal body 9 in a heated state, and the generated hydrogen and water vapor are discharged to the outside through the hole 59 through the high temperature gas extraction pipe 12a.

Since the water is moved down along the surface of the reaction metal body 9, the generated heat is efficiently absorbed by the water, and the heat loss due to the large latent heat of the water can be minimized.
It is possible to generate hydrogen with high efficiency. The reaction metal body 9 described above is not limited to the magnesium body, and the same effect can be obtained by using an aluminum body.

[0035]

Since the hydrogen engine according to the present invention is constructed as described above, the following effects can be obtained. That is, since a mixed gas composed of high-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen gas and high-temperature steam obtained by an electrothermal chemical reaction between a reaction metal body in a container and water is used as a fuel for a hydrogen engine, compared to conventional cylinder-type pure hydrogen. It can be used in a reciprocating engine with a high compression ratio, and its space and safety are greatly improved, which can greatly contribute to the practical application of hydrogen vehicles and the like. Further, when the reaction metal body is changed from an aluminum body to a magnesium body, the reaction can be performed at a temperature lower than that of the aluminum body, so that it is not always necessary to energize during hydrogen generation, which is an energy-efficient hydrogen generator. Can be obtained.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen engine according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an operation configuration diagram of FIG.

3 is an operation configuration diagram of FIG. 1. FIG.

FIG. 4 is an operation configuration diagram of FIG. 1.

FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram showing an electrothermal chemical reaction means in the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an operation explanatory diagram of FIG. 5;

7 is a configuration diagram showing another embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 8 is a constitutional view showing another embodiment of the reaction metal body of FIG.

FIG. 9 is a constitutional view showing an electrothermochemical boiler type electrothermal chemical reaction means in the present invention.

10 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of FIG.

FIG. 11 is a configuration diagram showing another embodiment of FIG. 9.

12 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of FIG.

FIG. 13 is a configuration diagram showing a conventional hydrogen engine.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Container 2 Water 3 Heat Resistant Electrode 3A Start Electrode 7 Power Supply 8 Sliding Contact Electrode 9 Reactive Metal Body 9a Magnesium Body 9b Metal Container 10,10A Hydrogen Gas Reservoir 10a Hydrogen Gas 12a High Pressure Gas Extraction Tube 13 Valve 30,31 1st , 2nd electrode 49 Check valve 59 Hole 80 Water supply means 90 Inner cylinder 200 Piston 206 Combustion chamber 252 Mixed gas

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A mixed gas (252) consisting of hydrogen and high temperature steam generated from an electrothermal chemical reaction means (100) of water (2) and a reaction metal body (9) is directly injected into a combustion chamber (206) of an engine. The hydrogen engine is characterized in that the piston (200) is driven by burning the hydrogen. 2. The electrothermal chemical reaction means (100) is slidably held by a container (1) containing water (2) and a sliding contact electrode (8) connected to the container (1). The reacted metal body (9),
A heat resistant electrode (3) located in the water (2) and in contact with the reaction metal body (9), and held in the container (1) through an electrical insulator (4), Hydrogen gas reservoir (10, 10A) for storing hydrogen gas (10a) generated in the container (1), and the hydrogen gas (10a) for taking out the hydrogen gas (10a) in the hydrogen gas reservoir (10, 10A) Valve (13) connected to gas reservoir (10,10A)
2. The hydrogen engine according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen engine comprises a reactive metal body (9) and a power source (7) connected to the heat resistant electrode (3). 3. The reaction metal body (9) is composed of a magnesium body (9a) enclosed in an electrically insulating container, and the electrically insulating container has first and second contacting members (3, 8). 2 electrodes (3
0,31) is formed, The hydrogen engine according to claim 1 or 2 characterized by things. 4. The reaction metal body (9) is made of a magnesium body (9a) enclosed in an electric insulation container, and the electric insulation container has an electric field that explodes when electricity is applied from the electrodes (3, 8). The hydrogen engine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an ignitable explosive is provided. 5. The electrothermal chemical reaction means comprises a container (1) having a high-pressure gas extraction pipe (12a) and a start electrode (3A), and a container (1) provided inside the container (1) above the start electrode (3A). A high-voltage power supply connected between the container (1) and the start electrode (3A), which is provided with a reaction metal body (9) that undergoes an electrothermal chemical reaction with water (2).
(7) and a water supply means (80) for supplying the water (2) in the container (1), the lower end (9d) of the reaction metal body (9)
2. The hydrogen engine according to claim 1, wherein the water (2) is supplied to the reaction metal body (9) after the electric discharge between the electrode and the start electrode (3A). 6. The lower end (9) of the reaction metal body (9) is supplied with the water (2).
Hydrogen engine according to claim 5, characterized in that it is supplied to d). 7. The water (2) is stored in an inner cylinder (9) inside the container (1).
The hydrogen engine according to claim 5, wherein the hydrogen is supplied from the upper part of the reactive metal body (9) through a hole (59) in the upper part of (0). 8. The hydrogen engine according to claim 5, wherein a check valve (49) is provided between the container (1) and the water supply means (80). 9. The reaction metal body (9) is made of an aluminum body.
The hydrogen engine according to any one of 1. 10. The reaction metal body (9) comprises a magnesium body, 1, 2, 5, 6, 7,
8. The hydrogen engine according to any one of 8.