JPH0847698A - Water purifying method and device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide an efficient water purifying method and device capable of executing a water purifying treatment directly on a water basin site without executing transportation, etc., of raw water from a water basin to a remote place. CONSTITUTION:A means 1 which takes in the raw water contg. contaminants from the water basin, a means 3 for filtering the raw water taken in by the means 1, a means 5 for oxidizing and sterilizing the filtered water filtered by this means 3, a means 7 for dehydrating the filtered matter in the means 3 to cake and a means for returning a part or the whole of the water purified by the means 3 or 5 to the water basin are mounted respectively on a device movable on land or water. This method and device execute the purifying treatment by the respective means by moving the moving device on the arbitrary water side or in the water basin.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a water purification method and device, and more particularly to a water purification method and device for efficiently removing pollutants contained in water bodies such as ponds, moats, lakes, rivers and dam lakes. Regarding

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional method for purifying water bodies is to purify polluted water in the water bodies to a storage tank for transportation attached to a carrier or a carrier with a pump or the like, and purify the water in a remote place. They are transported to the site to remove contaminants. For emergency drinking water used at campsites, etc., the water pumped from the water area is simply filtered by a fixed slow sand filter.

However, in such a conventional method,
A lot of labor and time are required because it requires a process of taking raw water in the water area, a process of transporting the raw water to a remote purification plant by land or water, and a process of removing pollutants at the purification plant. However, there is a problem in that the processing efficiency is extremely poor due to the necessity of personnel and the like. Also, in water purification when water is contaminated over a wide area such as lakes and dams, there is a limit to the capacity of raw water to be transported by a carrier or carrier, so an extremely large number of carriers or carriers should be used. There is a problem that the treatment efficiency is extremely poor because it is necessary to use it or a small number of vehicles or carriers have to be reciprocated many times between the water area and the purification plant.

Further, in the conventional method, since the raw water is carried away to the purification treatment plant, there is a concern that the amount of water carried in the water area is reduced and the environment is adversely affected.
As a countermeasure, it is possible to return purified water after removing pollutants at the purification plant to the original water area, but in this way, the purified water is transported to the original water area or further returned to the original water area. The process itself is a factor that further deteriorates the processing efficiency.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art and to enable direct purification of water at the site of the water body without carrying raw water from the water body to a remote place. Another object of the present invention is to provide an efficient water purification method and device. Another object of the present invention is to efficiently carry out water purification treatment directly at the water body site without transporting raw water from the water body to a remote place, etc., or simply return purified water to the water body after purification, Alternatively, it is to provide a water purification method and device that can be used for emergency water such as camping and miscellaneous water.

Still another object of the present invention is to efficiently carry out the water purification treatment directly at the water body site without transporting the raw water from the water body to a remote place and to take out the removed pollutants by cake. It is to provide a water purification method and apparatus that enable the above.

[0007]

The first invention of the present invention for achieving the above object is a water purification method for purifying a water body by removing pollutants in the water body. Collecting raw water containing the pollutant, (b) filtering the raw water taken in the step (a), (c) oxidizing or sterilizing the filtered water filtered in the step (b), (D) a step of dehydrating and removing the filtrate remaining in the step (b), and (e) returning a part or all of the water purified in the step (b) or (c) to the water body. The means for carrying out each step of the step is mounted on a device movable on land or on water, and the device is moved to any waterside of the water body or to any place in the water body, and the above (a) to (e) It is characterized by carrying out the step of.

The second aspect of the present invention is a method for purifying water by removing contaminants from raw water having a low degree of pollution or filtered water that has been filtered by any filtering means, which comprises (b ') microfiltration. Step (c ') A means for carrying out each step of the oxidation or sterilization step is mounted on a movable device, and the device is moved to an arbitrary place on land or on water to move the above (b') and (c '). )
The process is carried out in any order.

The third invention is a water purification apparatus for purifying the water by removing pollutants in the water.
Means for collecting raw water containing the pollutant from the body of water,
(B) means for filtering the raw water taken by the means of (A), (C) means for oxidizing or sterilizing the filtered water filtered by the means of (B), and (D) remaining by the means of (B). Each of the above means is provided with a means for extracting the filtered product by dehydration cake and (E) a means for refluxing a part or all of the water purified by the means of (B) or (C) to the water area. It is characterized by being mounted on a device that can be moved on land or over water.

A fourth aspect of the present invention is an apparatus for purifying water by removing contaminants from raw water having a low degree of pollution or filtered water that has been filtered by any filtering means, which comprises (B ') microfiltration. The present invention is characterized in that it has microfiltration means and (C ′) means for oxidation / sterilization for oxidation or sterilization, and these means are mounted on a device that is movable on land or on water.

[0011]

According to the water purification method of the first invention, at the waterside of a polluted water body or at any place in the water body, the raw water of the water body is taken and filtered, and the filtered water is oxidized or / and It can be sterilized and returned to the water area, and the filtrate (pollutant removed from the raw water) can be caked and reduced in volume to be taken out.

This treatment can be carried out by installing a unit device for water purification on a moving device, moving on land or on water, and directly purifying raw water while staying in the water area. There is no need to transport raw water to a remote purification facility. Further, according to the water purification apparatus of the third invention, the water purification method of the first invention can be efficiently carried out. That is, in the waterside of the water area or in the water area, the raw water is taken in by the water intake means, the raw water is filtered by the filtration means in the water area, and the filtered water after filtration is oxidized and sterilized to be returned to the water area. The material is caked by dehydration means, and the volume is reduced before taking it out.

Since the water purification unit including the water intake means, the filtration means, the oxidation / sterilization means, and the dehydration means is loaded on a device that can be moved on land or above water, this moving device can be installed in any waterside or water area. By moving one after another, the water area can be directly purified. Further, according to the water purification method of the second invention and the water purification apparatus of the fourth invention, it is effective when the raw water having a relatively low degree of pollution or the filtered water that has been primarily filtered in advance by any filtering means is used as the raw water. Therefore, by combining the microfiltration process and the oxidation / sterilization process, it is possible to directly obtain extremely high-quality water equivalent to drinking water at the site of the water area.

The present invention will be described below with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an outline of a water purifying apparatus of a third invention for carrying out the first invention, together with a flow sheet of steps. This water purification device includes a water intake device 1 as a raw water intake means, a coagulation reaction device 2 as an agglomeration means for aggregating pollutants in raw water, a filtration device 3 as a filtration means for filtering pollutants in raw water, and Hollow fiber membrane filtration device 4 as a microfiltration unit for further finely filtering the filtered water after primary filtration, ultraviolet reaction device 5 as an oxidation / sterilization unit for oxidizing and / or sterilizing the filtration water, and a means for concentrating the filtrate. It has a pressure flotation concentrating device 6 and a dehydrating device 7 as a dehydrating means for dehydrating the filtered material to cake.

Of these water purification unit devices, the flocculation reaction device 2 as the flocculation means, the hollow fiber membrane filtration device 4 as the fine filtration means, and the pressure floating concentrating device 6 as the concentrating means are not necessarily required in the present invention. Not something to do.
Each of the above-mentioned unit devices is a truck 8 which is a means of land transportation.
The water purification device is configured by being mounted on the cargo bed. However, since FIG. 1 illustrates the water purifying process, the water intake device 1 is in a state of being taken down from the truck 8 and put into the water area. Although not shown in the figure, in addition to the above-mentioned unit devices, a generator for supplying electric power for driving these unit devices, an operating device for operating each unit device, and the like are loaded on the bed of the truck 8.

When this water purification apparatus is used for water purification treatment, the truck 8 is moved to any waterside in the water area, and the water intake apparatus 1 is lowered and put into the water area to take in raw water containing pollutants. At the same time, water purification treatment will be carried out at that location. That is, the raw water is condensed by the water intake device 1 into the coagulation reaction device 2
It is pumped up to a flocculation floc and solid-liquid separated into filtered water and filtered matter by the filtering device 3. Part of the separated filtered water (purified water) is further sent to the hollow fiber membrane filtering device 4 for microfiltration. The filtered water after the microfiltration is further added with sodium hypochlorite by the chemical injection pump 55, oxidized and sterilized by the ultraviolet reaction device 5, and then discharged as a clear water from the treated water discharge pipe 56. This discharged water has a very good water quality level and can be used as emergency drinking water or miscellaneous water for camping. Of course, it is also returned to the original water area to purify the water area.

The other part of the filtered water separated by the filtering device 3 is returned from the discharge pipe 39 to the original water area. On the other hand, the filtered material separated by the filtering device 3 is further added with a coagulant, concentrated by the pressure floating flotation concentrating device 6 as floating scum, and then dehydrated by the dehydrating device 7 to be taken out.
In this way, when the water purification process at the waterside (location) is completed, the truck 8 is moved to another waterside by land, and the same water purification process as described above is performed again at the next waterside. repeat.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the moving device is a truck (car) that moves by land, but in the present invention, this moving device may be replaced by a ship that moves by water. In the case of a car, there is a limit to the purification treatment of a wide area of water such as a lake because water can be taken only from the waterside on the land, but in the case of a ship, it is possible to move to any place in the area of water. Even water purification treatment can be performed.

Next, a concrete configuration and operation of each unit device mounted on the above-mentioned automobile or ship will be described. The water intake device 1 is composed of a raw water suction port 11 that floats above the water surface of a water area and a pump 12 that pumps up the raw water. As the pump 12, it is preferable to use an axial flow pump which is unlikely to be clogged with dust such as plastic mixed in the raw water. Since the raw water suction port 11 is arranged so as to float above the water surface, it is convenient for removing contaminants such as water-bloom floating near the water surface.

As the raw water suction port 11, instead of the above-mentioned water surface floating type, a type that can be submerged in a water area may be used. The use of such a format allows for the removal of pollutants that settle deep within the body of water. Furthermore, the water surface floating type raw water suction port 11 and pump 12,
Alternatively, the water intake device 1 having both the raw water suction port of the sedimentation type in the water area and the pump may be used.

The raw water taken by the water intake device 1 is supplied to the reaction tank 21 of the flocculation reaction device 2. The coagulant stored in the coagulant storage tank 22 is supplied to the reaction tank 21 by a pump 23. The raw water and the flocculant supplied to the reaction tank 21 are agitated by a stirrer 24, so that minute pollutants in the raw water are flocculated, and then the raw water containing the flocculated pollutants is collected. It is supplied to the filtering device 3.

Before the raw water is supplied to the filtration device 3, the pollutants are flocculated in advance as described above to increase the particle size of the contaminants, so that the solid-liquid separation by the filtration device 3 can be performed efficiently. It can be carried out. However, in the present invention, this flocculation reaction device 2 is not always necessary, and the raw water taken by the water intake device 1 may be directly supplied to the filtration device 3.

In this embodiment, a rotary drum type continuous filter is used as the filter 3. The rotary drum type continuous filtration device 3 includes a cylindrical filtration drum 31 having a filter material mounted on its peripheral surface, a filtered water receiving tank 32 arranged below the filtering drum 31, and a filtration of the filtered water receiving tank 32. A pump 33 for drawing out water, and a part of the filtered water in the filtered water receiving tank 32 drawn by this pump 33 is sprayed on the filter material to backwash it to remove filtered substances (pollutants) adhering to the filter material. Nozzle 34, surface washing nozzle 35, and filtration drum 3
It is composed of a drainage receiving tank 36 and the like provided in the inside of the container 1 so as to face the backwash nozzle 34.

The raw water supplied from the flocculation reaction device 2 is supplied to the inside of the filtration drum 31 of the filtration device 3. The filtration drum 31 is continuously rotating in the direction of the arrow around the axis CP, and the raw water supplied into the filtration drum 31 is
Liquid level in filtration drum 31 and filtered water receiving tank 3 lower than this
Due to the pressure difference Δp from the liquid surface of No. 2, it is filtered by the filtering material mounted on the inner surface of the filtering drum 31. The filtered water is stored in the filtered water receiving tank 32, and a part of the filtered water is treated by the microfiltration device 4 and the ultraviolet reaction device 5 described later to become good quality water. The rest of the filtered water is returned to the original water area through the filtered water discharge pipe 39.

The filtered material (contaminant) remaining after the filtered water is separated by the filtering operation of the filtering device 3 is filtered by the filtering drum 31.
While adhering to the filter material on the inner surface of the filter, it moves between the backwash nozzle 34 and the drainage receiving tank 36 as the filter drum 31 rotates. A part of the filtered water stored in the filtered water receiving tank 32 is
The back-washing nozzle 34 is sprayed by the pump 33, and water is discharged from the back surface (outer peripheral surface side of the filtration drum 31) of the filtering material to carry out back-washing, so that the filtered material in the portion facing the back-washing nozzle 34 is peeled off. Collected in the drainage receiving tank 36. The water containing a large amount of the filtrate collected in the drainage receiving tank 36 (water concentrated to a higher concentration than the raw water) is then stored in the drainage storage tank 37.

The filter material used in the filter drum 31 of the rotary drum type continuous filter device 3 is important for removing minute substances such as plankton such as water-bloom. The filtering material is not particularly limited, but naps of fibers having a thickness of about 0.1 to 20 μm are formed in a substantially constant direction (opposite to the rotating direction of the filtering drum 31) on the surface of a base material made of a woven or knitted material. Those that are laid down so that the filtration layer is formed by the raised fibers are preferable.

In addition to those having naps formed thereon, a knitted fabric or a woven fabric in which fibers having a thickness of about 0.1 to 20 μm as described above are densely woven, a nonwoven fabric made of similar fibers, and a fiber mass. It is also possible to use a structure such as. As the woven or knitted material constituting this filter medium, a polyamide having a thickness of about 0.1 to 20 μm is usually used.
Those composed of synthetic fibers such as polyester, polyolefin, polyvinyl alcohol, polyfluoroethylene and polyacrylonitrile are preferable. The thickness is 0.
With ultrafine fibers smaller than 1 μm, the strength is insufficient.
Fibers larger than m easily stand upright after napping, and it is difficult to form a good filtration layer. The type of woven fabric or knitted fabric is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to use a tissue that easily naps,
As for the woven fabric, satin woven fabric is preferable, and for knitted fabric, half-knit tricot fabric is preferable.

As the napping method, conventionally known means can be used. For example, a filter cloth (filter material) and a device described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-1647 or Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-9081 correspond to this. In addition, this filter material can suitably separate fine substances such as plankton, and the filter material is easily separated from the surface (the inner peripheral surface side of the filter drum 31), so that the filter material can be collected by backwashing. Since it can be used for a long period of time, it has a characteristic that it is difficult to be clogged.

In the embodiment, the rotary drum type continuous filtration device is used as the filtration device 3, but the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a filtration device capable of filtering out minute contaminants of a predetermined size from raw water. Instead of this, it is possible to use a moving bed type sand filter or the like that can continuously wash the filter medium. Even when a non-rotating drum type filtration device is used, when a fibrous substance is used as a filter material, it is preferable from the viewpoint of filtration performance that the fiber has a thickness of about 0.1 to 20 μm.

In this embodiment, a part of the stored water in the filtered water tank 32 is sent to the microfiltration device 4 by the pump 38. A hollow fiber membrane filtration device is used as the microfiltration device 4. This hollow fiber membrane filtration device 4 is
A large number of hollow fibers (hollow fiber membranes) are bundled and mounted in a cylindrical cartridge 41, and the cartridge 41 is incorporated into a plurality of blocks. Generally, the hollow fiber can have a pore size of about 0.1 to 0.3 μm, and almost 100% of particles having a particle size of 0.3 μm or more can be removed. Therefore, mainly fine particles and bacteria that cause turbidity can be obtained. The feature is that E. coli etc. can be completely removed.

The raw water supplied to the hollow fiber membrane filtering device 4 by the pump 38 is filtered by the hollow fiber membrane cartridge 41 and then stored in the filtered water storage tank 42. When the membrane surface is clogged with the filtered substance, the stored water in the filtered water storage tank 42 is backwashed by the backwash pump 43 (washed from the inner surface of the hollow fiber outwardly at a pressure 2 to 5 times as high as that at the time of filtration). The filtration performance can be restored. The cleaning wastewater is returned to the front of the flocculation reaction tank 2 via the drain pipe 44.

The fine filtered water remaining in the filtered water storage tank 42 is
It is sent to the ultraviolet reaction device 5 of the oxidation / sterilization device by the pump 53. This ultraviolet reaction device 5 is placed in the reaction tank 52.
It has a structure in which a low-pressure mercury lamp 51 that emits a large amount of ultraviolet rays having wavelengths of 49 Å (Å) and 2537 Å (Å) is incorporated. Further, an appropriate amount of sodium hypochlorite in the storage tank 54 is supplied to the reaction tank 52 of the ultraviolet reaction device 5 by the chemical injection pump 55, whereby the oxidation of organic matters and the microorganisms in the contaminated water are prevented. Perform sterilization efficiently in a short time.

Although not shown in the examples, an activated carbon adsorbing device, a reverse osmosis membrane device, an ion exchange device, etc. may be incorporated in the subsequent stage as a means for removing the pollutants or dissolved salts that have been oxidized and sterilized. In this way, it becomes possible to obtain higher quality water. In the example, oxidation
As the sterilization device, the ultraviolet reaction device 5 which is compact and has a small number of auxiliary devices is used, but the present invention is not limited to this as long as it has a predetermined oxidizing and / or sterilizing effect. For example, a combination of sodium hypochlorite and ozone may be used.

Further, in the illustrated embodiment, the performance of the oxidation / sterilization device 5 is improved by providing a microfiltration device of the hollow fiber membrane filtration device 4. However, in the present invention, the microfiltration device 4 is not always necessary, and when this microfiltration device is not provided, the filtered water from the filtration device 3 may be directly supplied to the oxidation / sterilization device 5.

On the other hand, the water containing a large amount of the filtered material stored in the drainage storage tank 37 is floated and concentrated by the pressure flotation concentrator 6. The water containing a large amount of this filtered material is used by the pressure pump 6
1 sends it to the pressure tank 62 together with the coagulant supplied from the pump 60. The water containing a large amount of the filtered material pressurized to a constant pressure in the pressure tank is guided to the bottom of the pressure separation tank 63 and discharged into the water from the discharge nozzle 64.

The fine bubbles generated when the pressurized water discharged from the discharge nozzle 64 suddenly changes to normal pressure adheres to the surface of the floc flocs, so that the flocs are floated up and the concentration and separation are efficiently performed. The floating scum is scraped by the scum scraper to the scum receiving tank 66 above the separation tank, and then retained in the scum storage tank 67. The concentrated liquid retained in the scum storage tank 67 is supplied to the dehydrator 7 by the pump 70.
By concentrating the filtered substance separated by the filter in this way, the efficiency of dehydration cake of the filtered substance in the dehydrator 7 (recovery rate of the filtered substance) can be improved. On the other hand, the liquid component 68 separated in the flotation separation tank 63 is returned to the intake raw water line via the moguri weir on the side opposite to the scum receiving tank 66, and is recycled to the filtration device 3 again.

In the embodiment, the pressure flotation concentrating device 6 is used as the concentrating and separating device for improving the cake recovery rate of the dehydrating device 7. However, instead of this, a sedimentation separating device is used. Good. However, in the present invention, this concentrating / separating device is not always necessary, and when it is not provided, it is directly supplied to the dehydrating device 7 from the drainage storage tank 37 which stores the filtered matter separated by the filtering device 3. You can do it like this.

In the embodiment, a filter cloth traveling type dehydrator is used as the dehydrator 7. This filter cloth traveling type dewatering device includes an endless filter cloth 71 that orbits on a fixed track in one direction,
The transfer drum 72 is configured to transfer the cake C on the filter cloth 71, the scraper 73 for scraping off the cake C transferred to the transfer drum 72, and the like. The filter cloth 71 is stretched on a fixed track regulated by a group of rolls 74 including a drive roll, a guide roll and a squeezing roll, and orbits in the direction of the arrow in FIG.

Water containing a large amount of the filtrate concentrated by the concentrating / separating device 6 (when the concentrating / separating device 6 is not provided,
The water containing a large amount of filtrate stored in the waste water storage tank 37) is
It is supplied on the filter cloth 71. The solid-liquid mixture supplied onto the filter cloth 71 is dehydrated by gravity and the vacuum suction action applied by a vacuum suction device (not shown) provided on the opposite surface side of the filter cloth 71, and further circulates around the filter cloth 71. Is carried between the transfer drum 72 and the roll, and is squeezed there to squeeze out water to form a so-called cake C.

The cake C is transferred from the filter cloth 71 to the surface of the transfer drum 72, scraped off by the scraper 73, and collected in the cake tray. Further, the filter cloth 71 can be continuously washed by spraying from the surface washing nozzle 77 and the backwash nozzle 78 using a part of the filtered water sent by using the pump 33. By this washing, the filter cloth 71 is regenerated, and stable processing can be realized for a long time.

The water obtained by dehydration and the water that has been washed are
It is returned to the supply side of the agglutination reaction apparatus 2 via the sealing tank.
As this type of dehydrator, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-440
There is a device disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 85. The filter cloth 71
As for the surface of a substrate made of a woven or knitted fabric similar to the filter material of the rotary drum type continuous filtration device 3, a thickness of 0.1 to
It is preferable to use a filter cloth in which napped fibers of about 20 μm are laid in a substantially constant direction. The standing direction of the naps of the filter cloth 71 is opposite to the circling direction of the filter cloth 71. As a result, the cake C is easily separated from the filter cloth 71, and the cake C is easily transferred to the transfer drum 72.
The recovery rate of is improved. However, even in the case of a filter cloth in which fibers having a thickness of more than 20 μm are napped, a decrease in the recovery rate of cake C can be prevented to some extent by coagulating flocs and increasing the concentration by the coagulating concentrating / separating device 6. it can.

In the above filter cloth traveling type dehydrator 7, the transfer drum 72 and the scraper 73 abutting on the transfer drum 72 are used to collect the cake C from the filter cloth 71. The scraper 73 may be brought into direct contact with 71 to scrape the cake C. Further, by applying mechanical vibration to the filter cloth 71, the cake C
The filter cloth 71 may be removed from the filter cloth 71.

In the embodiment, as the dewatering device 7, a filter cloth traveling type dewatering device which is compact and does not require a large power and is continuous and easy to operate is used. However, the present invention is capable of dewatering a solid substance of interest. The apparatus is not limited to this as long as it is a separation type dehydration apparatus such as a continuous type, a batch type, and a centrifugal type. FIG. 2 shows a water purifying apparatus of a fourth invention for carrying out the second invention, together with a flow sheet of the process.

The water purifying apparatus of this embodiment, when targeting raw water in a water area where the degree of pollution is relatively low or filtered water that has been primarily filtered by an arbitrary filtering apparatus in advance, produces high-quality water equivalent to drinking water. It is suitable as a water purification device to obtain. In this water purification device, a truck 8 is used as a moving device, and a hollow fiber membrane filtering device 4 which is a microfiltration device and an ultraviolet reaction device 5 which is an oxidization / sterilization device are mounted on a carrier of the truck 8, and the pollution degree is relatively low. Raw water or filtered water that has been subjected to primary filtration is microfiltered by the hollow fiber membrane filtering device 4, and then the microfiltered water is subjected to oxidation of organic substances and sterilization of bacteria by the ultraviolet reaction device 5, and is discharged from the discharge pipe 56 of the reaction tank 52 to high It is designed to be discharged as quality water.

The hollow fiber membrane filtering device 4 is constructed by incorporating a large number of cylindrical cartridges 41 in which a large number of hollow fibers (hollow fiber membranes) are bundled and mounted as described above. The pore size is 0.1 to 0.3 μm, and particles having a particle size of 0.3 μm or more can be removed almost 100%. Therefore, the filtered water that has been finely filtered by the hollow fiber membrane filtering device 4 and the purified water that has been further oxidized and sterilized by the ultraviolet reaction device 5 can be made into high-quality treated water that is equivalent to drinking water.

A sensor 57 is attached to the discharge pipe 56 of the ultraviolet reaction device 5 of this water purification device.
Detects the amount of residual chlorine in the treated water, and controls the amount of sodium hypochlorite supplied by the supply pump 55 based on the detected signal. By controlling the supply amount of sodium hypochlorite as described above, it becomes possible to stably obtain high-quality drinking water equivalent to, for example, an effective chlorine concentration of about 0.2 mg / liter.

Although sodium hypochlorite is used as the oxidizing agent in this embodiment, other oxidizing agents such as hydrogen peroxide and a detector for the oxidizing agent may be combined. Moreover, an oxidizing agent is not always necessary. Also,
In this embodiment, the oxidation / sterilization device 5 is incorporated after the microfiltration device 4, but conversely, the microfiltration device may be incorporated after the oxidation / sterilization device.

Although not shown in the embodiment of FIG. 2,
Similar to the additional items shown in the embodiment of FIG. 1, the activated carbon adsorption device, the reverse osmosis membrane device, the ion exchange device, etc. are provided at the subsequent stage as a means for removing the oxidized and sterilized contaminants or dissolved salts. It may also be incorporated, which allows for better water quality. Further, all of the above-mentioned respective element means may be mounted on a single moving device.

In this embodiment, an automobile (truck) is used as the moving device, but it can be replaced with a ship as in the case of the embodiment of FIG. 1 described above.

[0050]

【Example】

Example 1 The flocculation reaction device 2, the microfiltration device 4, and the pressure floating concentration device 6 in the device shown in FIG. 1 are excluded, and the water intake device 1, the filtration device 3, the waste water storage tank 37, the ultraviolet reaction device 5, and the dehydration device 7 are excluded. , A generator, and a truck 8 were treated with water purifying devices having the following specifications, respectively, while purifying water from a pond of a hydrophilic park with a capacity of about 1000 m ³ while taking 20 m ³ of raw water per hour.

As the oxidizing agent on the inflow side of the ultraviolet reaction device 5, hypochlorous acid was added so that the effective chlorine concentration was 20 mg / liter, and the residual chlorine concentration on the outlet side was adjusted to 0.
It was set to 2 mg / liter or less. (1) Water intake device 1: Scheme suction YD-40LS
-F (manufactured by World Chemical Co., Ltd.) (2) Filtration device 2: rotary drum type continuous filtration device with processing capacity of 20 m ³ / Hr (Trelom RD-750-A3, filter material equipped with H type: manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.) (3) Drainage storage tank 37: Storage tank capable of storing 200 liters (material: polyvinyl chloride) (4) Ultraviolet reaction device 5: 800 liters, four 110 W mercury lamps (stainless crank) (Sen Special Light Source Company) (5) Dehydrator 7: Filter cloth running type dehydrator with processing capacity of 0.9 m ³ / Hr (Torelom TM-400, filter cloth equipped with F type: manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.) (6) Generator: Output 20 KVA generator ( (7) Truck 5: Commercially available 8-ton truck.

As a result of the above water purification treatment, the amount of cake discharged from the dehydrator 7 was 0.002 m ^{3 /} hour. That is, contaminants raw water per hour 20 m ³ feed containing, since a hour 0.002 m ³ as cake discharge amount, so that could be compacted to 1 / 10,000. This is 1/1 compared to the conventional method of directly transporting raw water.
It can be seen that extremely efficient processing can be performed because the transportation amount of 30,000 is sufficient.

Further, according to the result of water quality analysis of the entrance and exit of the ultraviolet reaction device 5, COD which is an index of the soluble substance is shown.
Was able to be removed by 67% and the number of general bacteria could be removed by 100%, and water quality as good as tap water was obtained. The cake recovery rate in this water purification process was 92.7%. Example 2 In Example 1, the coagulation reactor 2, the microfiltration unit 4, and the pressure flotation concentrator 6 which were excluded in Example 1 were each used as a water purifier as shown in FIG. for pond of approximately 1000m ³ of water park per hour 20m ³
The water was purified while collecting raw water.

Polyaluminum chloride was used as the flocculant for the flocculation reactor 2 and the pressure flotation concentrator 6. (8) Aggregation reactor 2: Volume 1.5 m ³ (Material SUS-
304) Stirrer with 0.4 kW (9) Microfiltration device 4: Hollow fiber membrane filtration device, Trecube TC-10 (manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.) (10) Pressurized flotation concentrator 6: Volume 0.4 m ³ (Material SU
S-304) As a result of the water purification treatment, as compared with Example 1, the SS removal rate by the filter device 3 increased from 75% to 90% by installing the agglutination reaction device 2. The COD removal rate, which is a dissolved component, was also doubled from 33% to 69%.

Further, since the hollow fiber membrane filtering device 4 was incorporated as a pretreatment of the ultraviolet reaction device 5, the suspended components were removed and the effect of removing the dissolved components of ultraviolet rays was improved.
The COD removal rate improved from 67% to 87%. In addition, by incorporating the pressure flotation concentrator 6 as a pretreatment for the dehydrator 7, the concentration of the cleaning wastewater of the filter 3 can be increased from 1353 mg / liter to 8500 mg / liter, and the SS recovery rate in the dehydrator 7 can be increased. It improved from 93% to 98%. And the obtained dehydrated cake concentration is also 150,000 mg /
Increased from liter (15%) to 180,000 mg / liter (18%).

[0056]

As described above, according to the first and third aspects of the present invention, the moving device equipped with each unit device for water purification can be installed in any waterside of a water area or in any water area. Since the raw water is moved to a place and the raw water is taken in and filtered while it is still there, the filtered water is directly returned to the water area and the filtrate is caked, the water purification treatment efficiency can be significantly improved.

Further, even in the case of purifying pollution over a wide area of a water area, since water is moved between landsides of the water area or moved over the water area to directly purify the water area, the water area is remote from the water area as in the conventional method. There is no need to use a large number of vehicles for transporting raw water to or from the water treatment facility, or to reciprocate between the two or more times, so that the water purification treatment can be performed extremely efficiently.

Further, according to the present invention, since the pollutant to be removed by water purification is caked and collected, the volume of the pollutant can be reduced and the collected pollutant can be easily transported and handled. be able to. Further, according to the second and fourth aspects of the present invention, it is suitable for purifying relatively low-contamination raw water or filtered water that has been primarily filtered in advance,
Since it comprises a step of microfiltration and a step of oxidization or sterilization, emergency drinking water can be easily obtained in outdoor camps and the like. Further, the secondary growth of algae can be suppressed by returning the oxidized or sterilized water to the water area.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a vehicle-mounted water purification device according to an embodiment of the present invention,
It is a schematic diagram shown with a flow sheet of the operation process.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a vehicle-mounted water purification device according to another embodiment of the present invention together with a flow sheet of its operation process.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Water Intake Device 2 Flocculation Reaction Device 3 Filtration Device (Rotating Drum Type Continuous Filtration Device) 4 Precision Filtration Device (Hollow Fiber Membrane Filtration Device) 5 Oxidation / Sterilization Device (Ultraviolet Reaction Device) 6 Pressure Flotation Concentration Device 7 Dehydration Device (Filtration Cloth-running dehydrator) 8 trucks

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Internal reference number FI Technical display location C02F 9/00 ZAB 503 A 504 B B01D 33/06 Z C02F 1/32 ZAB 1/44 ZAB A 9538 -4D 1/52 ZAB Z 11/12 ZAB D

Claims (17)

[Claims] 1. A water purification method for purifying a water body by removing a pollutant in the water body, comprising: (a) a step of taking raw water containing the pollutant from the water body; (b) the step (a); The step of filtering the raw water taken in the step (c), (c) the step of oxidizing or sterilizing the filtered water filtered in the step (b), (d) the cake remaining after the step (b) is dehydrated and caked. And (e) a means for carrying out each step of the step of refluxing a part or all of the water purified in the step (b) or (c) to the water area, to a device movable on land or on water. A water purification method in which the apparatus is installed, and the apparatus is moved to an arbitrary waterside of the water body or an arbitrary place in the water body to perform the steps (a) to (e). 2. The water purification method according to claim 1, wherein a coagulation step of adding a coagulant to the raw water to coagulate flocs is provided between the steps (a) and (b). 3. The microfiltration step for further precisely filtering the filtered water produced in the step (b) is provided between the steps (b) and (c). Water purification method. 4. The concentration step of aggregating the filtered material remaining in the step (b) and concentrating and separating the agglomerated flocs between the steps (b) and (d). ~ 3
The water purification method described in any one of 1. 5. A method for purifying water by removing contaminants from raw water having a low degree of pollution or filtered water filtered by an arbitrary filtering means, comprising the steps of: (b ') microfiltration ) A means for carrying out each step of the oxidation or sterilization step is mounted on a movable device, and the device is moved to any place on land or on water to perform the steps (b ') and (c') as desired. Water purification method to be carried out in the order of. 6. A water purification device for removing pollutants in a water body to purify the water body, comprising: (A) means for taking raw water containing the pollutant from the water body; (B) the (A); Means for filtering the raw water taken by the means of (C), means for oxidizing or sterilizing the filtered water filtered by the means of (B) above, (D) dehydration cake of the filter residue remaining by the means of (B) above And (E) means for returning part or all of the water purified by the means (B) or (C) to the water area.
A water purifier equipped with these means in a device that can be moved on land or over water. 7. A flocculation means for flocculating flocs by adding a flocculant to the raw water taken by the water intake means of (A), between the water intake means of (A) and the filtration means of (B). The water purification device according to claim 6, which is provided. 8. A microfiltration unit for further precisely filtering the filtered water filtered by the filtration unit of (B) is provided between the filtration unit of (B) and the oxidation / sterilization unit of (C). The water purification device according to claim 6 or 7. 9. A concentrating method in which the filtered material remaining in the filtering means of (B) is aggregated between the filtering means of (B) and the dehydrating means of (D), and the aggregated flocs are concentrated and separated. The water purification apparatus according to claim 6, further comprising means. 10. The filter means (B) is composed of a filter material in which naps of fibers having a thickness of 0.1 to 20 μm are laid in a substantially constant direction on the surface of a base material made of a woven or knitted material. The water purification device according to any one of claims 6 to 9, which is a rotating drum type continuous filtration device. 11. The method according to claim 6, wherein the oxidizing / sterilizing means (C) is an ultraviolet reaction device using a low pressure mercury lamp.
10. The water purification device according to any one of 10. 12. The (D) dewatering means uses a filter cloth in which naps of fibers having a thickness of 0.1 to 20 μm are laid in a substantially constant direction on the surface of a base material made of a woven or knitted fabric. The water purification device according to any one of claims 6 to 11, which is a filter cloth traveling type dehydrator. 13. The water purification device according to claim 8, wherein the microfiltration unit is a hollow fiber membrane filtration device. 14. A device for purifying water by removing contaminants from raw water having a low degree of pollution or filtered water filtered by any filtering means, comprising: (B ′) a microfiltration means for microfiltration. C ') A water purification device that has each means of oxidizing / sterilizing means for oxidizing or sterilizing, and these means are mounted on a device that is movable on land or on water. 15. The microfiltration unit of (B ′) is a hollow fiber membrane filtration device, and the oxidation / sterilization unit of (C ′) is an ultraviolet reaction device using a low-pressure mercury lamp. Water purification equipment. 16. The water purification device according to claim 6, wherein the movable device is an automobile. 17. The water purification device according to claim 6, wherein the movable device is a ship.