JPH0842596A - Synchronizing device for transmission - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent the occurrence of slip-out of a gear without increasing a shift stroke and employ an optimum chamfer angle for synchro and a chamfer angle for a gear through the increase of the degree of freedom of a design. CONSTITUTION:The chamfers 108 and 110 for synchro of a sleeve spline for synchro and the chamber 114 for a gear of a sleeve spline for a gear are disposed with a difference in a level in the axial direction of a sleeve. The chamfer angle for synchro of the chamfer for synchro and the chamfer angle for a gear of the chamfer for a gear are set so that they are differed from each other.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a transmission synchronizing device, and more particularly to a transmission synchronizing device capable of preventing a gear disengagement and reducing a shift stroke in a multi-cosine synchronization mechanism.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A vehicle is equipped with a manual or automatic transmission in order to convert the power of an engine to a desired value in accordance with a driving condition and take it out. Such transmissions include gear type transmissions and belt type transmissions, and gear type transmissions with low power transmission loss are often used.

A gear type manual transmission has a plurality of speed change gear trains, and the gear trains are switched by a shift lever to engage the gears of the respective stages, whereby the power of the engine is changed according to the running conditions. Converted to required and taken out.

In such a gear type manual transmission, a synchronizing device is provided for speedily and easily performing gear shifting by changing the meshing state of gears.

In this synchronizer, a synchronizer hub provided on the rotary shaft, and a sleeve which is axially movable via a synchronizer key and has a synchronizer sleeve spline and a gear sleeve spline are provided on the synchronizer hub. And one synchronizer ring between the sleeve and the synchronized gear, that is, one provided with a single cone synchronizing mechanism having one friction surface, or
There is one provided with a multi-cone synchronization mechanism having a plurality of synchronizer rings and an intermediate cone body between the sleeve and the synchronized gear, that is, having a plurality of friction surfaces.

In the single cone sync mechanism,
As shown in FIG. 14, the tip of the synchronizing chamfer 204 of the synchronizing sleeve spline 202 and the tip of the gear chamfer 208 of the gear sleeve spline 206 provided on the sleeve (not shown) are at the same position P in the axial direction of the sleeve. The chamfer 20 for synchronization
4 chamfer angles α ₁ and gear chamfer 2
The chamfer angle α ₂ for the gear 08 is the same angle (α ₁ = α
₂ ) is formed. Shanfa 20 for this synchronization
4 and the gear chamfer 208 mesh with the ring chamfer 210 of the synchronizer ring (not shown) and the gear chamfer 212 of the synchronized gear (not shown).

Then, as shown in FIG. 15, when the shift complete state is reached, when the sync chamfer 204 and the gear chamfer 208 mesh with the ring chamfer 210 and the gear chamfer 212, respectively, the sync chamfer 204 and the gear chamfer 208. The length of engagement between the gear side chamfer 212 and the gear side chamfer 212 is E ₁ .

Further, in the multi-cone mechanism, as shown in FIG.
6, the synchronization chamfer 3 of the synchronization sleeve spline 302 provided on the sleeve (not shown).
04 and the tip of the gear chamfer 308 of the gear sleeve spline 306 are provided at the same position P in the axial direction of the sleeve, and the synch chamfer angle α _{3 of the} synchronizing chamfer 304 and the gear chamfer 208.
The chamfer angle α ₄ of the gear is the same angle (α ₃ = α ₄ ).
Is formed. The synchro chamfer angle α ₃ and the gear chamfer angle α ₄ are formed to be smaller than the synchro chamfer angle α ₁ and the gear chamfer angle α _{2 of the} single cone synchro mechanism shown in FIG. 14, that is, an acute angle. There is. As described above, the reason for forming the synchronization chamfer angle α ₃ and the gear chamfer angle α ₄ at an acute angle is that the balk ratio increases as the synchronous capacity increases,
Since such an excessive balk ratio causes an increase in shift load, it is necessary to optimize the balk ratio. The balk ratio is adjusted by the chamfer angle for synchronization and the chamfer angle for gears. Therefore, in the multi-cone synchronization mechanism, generally, the synchronization chamfer angle α ₃ and the gear chamfer angle α ₄ are set small.

Then, as shown in FIG. 17, when the shift complete state is reached, when the synchronizing chamfer 304 and the gear chamfer 308 mesh with the ring chamfer 310 and the gear chamfer 312, respectively, the synchronizing chamfer 304 and the gear chamfer 308. The length of engagement between the gear side chamfer 312 and the gear side chamfer 312 is E ₂ . The length E ₂ of the meshing allowance is smaller than the length E ₁ of the meshing allowance in the case of the above-described single cone synchronizing mechanism.

As such a transmission synchronizing device, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-66923, Japanese Utility Model Publication 2-1.
It is disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 17435 and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-277324. In the one disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-66923, a plurality of short first inner spline portions and a plurality of long second inner spline portions are circumferentially equidistant, and a plurality of first inner spline portions are provided. An inner spline is formed by arranging the first inner spline portion and the second inner spline portion at equal intervals around the circumference so as to be separated by one spline width, and a synchronizer key for preventing the slip-out is provided at the lower portion of the second inner spline portion. It is formed by cutting out the ring side spline of the synchronizer ring of the portion corresponding to the second inner spline portion. Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 2-117435 discloses a spline tooth having a chamfer tooth tip portion of a spline tooth, which protrudes toward a synchronizer ring, and a protruding portion which faces the spline tooth of the synchronizer ring. The inclined portion is formed in a portion to be formed, and the inclined portion is set to have an inclination angle away from the chamfer of the spline piece by a dimension substantially corresponding to the protruding amount of the protruding portion. Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-
The one described in Japanese Patent No. 277324 discloses a plurality of first splines for engaging the respective splines forming the inner spline portion of the hub sleeve with the respective splines of the outer spline portion of the gear, and the respective splines of the outer spline portion of the synchronizer ring. And a plurality of second splines that mesh with the second spline, the tooth thickness of each second spline is formed to be smaller than the tooth thickness of each first spline, and the outer spline portion of the synchronizer ring has a hub sleeve first 2 has a tooth cutout portion extending in the axial direction at a portion corresponding to each spline 2.

[0011]

However, in the synchronizer equipped with the multi-cone synchro mechanism, when the synchro chamfer angle and the gear chamfer angle become small, as shown in FIG. 17, the gear chamfer and the gear chamfer are shown. The length E ₂ of the meshing allowance with and becomes smaller than the length E ₁ of the meshing allowance of the single cone mechanism shown in FIG. 15, which may cause gear disengagement. Therefore, unless the shift stroke is increased. There was an inconvenience that it would not happen.

[0012]

In order to eliminate the above-mentioned inconvenience, the present invention is directed to a synchronizing hub provided on a rotary shaft, and to this synchronizing hub, which is axially movable via a synchronizer key and which is synchronous. A sleeve provided with a sleeve spline for gears and a sleeve spline for gears, and a transmission synchronization device provided with a multi-cone synchronization mechanism having a plurality of synchronizer rings and an intermediate cone body between the sleeve and a synchronized gear, A synchro chamfer of the synchro sleeve spline and a gear chamfer of the gear sleeve spline are arranged with a step in the axial direction of the sleeve,
The synchro chamfer angle of the synchro chamfer and the gear chamfer angle of the gear chamfer are set to be different from each other.

[0013]

According to the structure of the present invention, the synchro chamfer of the synchro sleeve spline and the gear chamfer of the gear sleeve spline are arranged so as to have a step in the axial direction of the sleeve, and Since the sync chamfer angle and the gear chamfer angle of the gear chamfer are set to be different from each other, even in the multi-cone synchromesh mechanism, the occurrence of gear dropouts is prevented without increasing the shift stroke, and the design Since the degree of freedom is increased, it is possible to adopt the optimum synchronization chamfer angle and gear chamfer angle.

[0014]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail and specifically with reference to the drawings. 1 to 11 show a first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 11, 2 is a manual transmission (hereinafter simply referred to as “transmission”), 4 is a gear portion, and 6
Is a differential part, and 8 is a transmission case. In the transmission case 8, a main shaft 10, which is an input shaft to which a driving force from an engine (not shown) is transmitted, a counter shaft 12,
The reverse idler shaft 14 is arranged substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the transmission 2.

The main shaft 10 is held by the first main shaft bearing 20 held by the right wall portion 18 of the light case 16 of the transmission case 8 and the left wall portion 24 of the left case 22 of the transmission case 8. It is rotatably supported by the second main shaft bearing 26.

The counter shaft 12 is rotated by a first counter shaft bearing 28 held by the right wall portion 18 of the right case 16 and a second counter shaft bearing 30 held by the left wall portion 24 of the left case 22. Supported as possible.

The reverse idler shaft 14 is used for the light wall portion 1.
It is rotatably supported by 8 and the left wall portion 24.

The main shaft 10 has a first-speed main gear 32, a reverse main gear 34, and a second main gear 34 in order from the engine side.
The third main gear 38, the fourth main gear 40, and the fifth main gear 44 are rotatably provided in the side case 42 of the transmission case 8 while the third main gear 36 is fixedly provided.

A final drive gear 48, which constitutes a final reduction mechanism 46, is fixed to the counter shaft 12 sequentially from the engine side, and a first speed counter gear 50 and a second speed main gear 36 with which the first speed main gear 32 meshes. A second speed counter gear 52 that meshes with the third speed counter gear 5 is rotatably provided, and a third speed counter gear 5 that meshes with the third speed main gear 38.
4th speed counter gear 5 in which 4th and 4th speed main gear 40 mesh
6 and a fifth speed counter gear 58 that meshes with the fifth speed main gear 44 in the side case 42 are fixedly provided.

The reverse idler shaft 14 is provided with a reverse sleeve 60 and a reverse idler gear 62 capable of meshing with the reverse main gear 34.

The final drive gear 48 meshes with a final driven gear 64 provided in the differential section 6.

In the counter shaft 12 between the first speed counter gear 50 and the second speed counter gear 52, the counter shaft 12
A first-speed / second-speed synchro hub 66, which is spline-coupled, is provided. The first-speed / second-speed synchronizer hub 66 is provided with a first-speed / second-speed synchronizer key 68 movably in the axial direction. The first / second speed synchronizer key 68 includes a first / second speed sleeve 70 on the first speed counter gear 50 side and a sleeve gear 72 on the second speed counter gear 52 side.
And are integrally and movably provided in the axial direction. The sleeve gear 72 is the reverse idler gear 62.
Can be engaged with.

A first speed synchronizer 74 is provided between the first and second speed sleeves 70 and the first speed counter gear 50. Further, between the sleeve gear 72 and the second speed counter gear 52,
A second speed synchronizer 76 is provided.

Third speed main gear 38 and fourth speed main gear 40
The main shaft 10 in between is provided with a 3rd speed / 4th speed synchronizer hub 78 splined to the main shaft 10. This 3rd / 4th speed sync hub 78 has 3rd speed /
A 4-speed synchronizer key 80 is provided so as to be movable in the axial direction. A third-speed / fourth-speed sleeve 82 is provided on the third-speed / four-speed synchronizer key 80 so as to be movable in the axial direction.

A third speed synchronizing device 84 is provided between the third and fourth speed sleeves 82 and the third speed main gear 38. A fourth speed synchronizer 86 is provided between the third and fourth speed sleeves 82 and the fourth speed main gear 40.

Main shaft 1 close to fifth speed main gear 44
At 0, a 5-speed synchromesh 88 splined to the main shaft 10 is provided. The 5-speed synchronizer hub 88 is provided with a 5-speed synchronizer key 90 movably in the axial direction. A 5-speed sleeve 92 is provided on the 5-speed synchronizer key 90 so as to be movable in the axial direction. A fifth speed synchronizer 94 is provided between the fifth speed sleeve 92 and the fifth speed main gear 44.

In the first-speed and second-speed synchronizers 74 and 76, as shown in FIG.
Is provided. This synchro cone synchro mechanism 9
6 is composed of a plurality of synchronizer rings 98 and an intermediate cone body 100, and has a plurality of friction surfaces.

As shown in FIGS. 3 to 10, the first-speed and second-speed sleeve 70 includes a first-side and second-side sleeve main body 102 of an annular body,
A sleeve spline 104 for 1st / 2nd speed synchronizing and a sleeve spline 106 for 1st / 2nd speed gears, which are arranged in two stages and arranged in predetermined positions on the inner peripheral surface of the 1st / 2nd side sleeve body 102, are provided. are doing.

As shown in FIG. 1, the chamfer 108 for the first / second speed synchronizing of the sleeve spline 104 for the first / second speed synchronizing and the sleeve spline 10 for the first / second speed gear.
The first and second gear chamfers 110 of 6 are the first and second gears.
The speed sleeve 70 is disposed with a step G ₁ in the axial direction, and the synchronization chamfer angle θ ₁ of the first / second speed synchronization chamfer 108 and the gear chamfer 110 of the first / second speed gear chamfer 110. θ ₂ is set to be different. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the tip of the chamfer 110 for the 1st and 2nd gears of the sleeve spline 106 for the 1st and 2nd gears is for the 1st and 2nd synchro of the sleeve spline 104 for the 1st and 2nd synchro. A step G ₁ is provided so as to project from the tip of the chamfer 108 toward the first speed counter gear 50 and the second speed counter gear 52, which are synchronized gears, in the axial direction of the first speed / second speed sleeve 70. In such cases, 1
In the high speed / second speed synchronizer ring 98, the ring side chamfer corresponding to the gear sleeve spline 106 is omitted (shown by the broken line in FIG. 1).

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the first-speed / second-speed synchro chamfer angle θ of the first-speed / second-speed synchro chamfer 108 of the first-speed / second-speed synchro sleeve spline 104.
₁ is formed at an angle θ ₁ (for example, 90 ^° ). On the other hand, the 1st and 2nd speed chamfer angles of the 1st and 2nd gear chamfer 110 of the 1st and 2nd gear sleeve spline 106 are larger than the aforementioned 1st and 2nd speed sync chamfer angle θ ₁ by an angle θ _2. (For example, 120 ^° ).
That is, θ ₁ <θ ₂ .

The chamfers 108 for the 1st and 2nd speeds and the chamfer 110 for the 1st and 2nd gears are ring side chamfers 112 and 1 provided on the synchronizer ring 98.
The gear side chamfers (dock) 114 provided on the high speed counter gear 50 and the second speed counter gear 52 are meshed with each other. The angle of the ring side chamfer 112 is, for example, 9
It is 0 _o . Also, the angle of the gear side chamfer 114 is
For example, 90 ^o .

Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be described.

When the first-speed / second-speed sleeve 70 is axially moved to the balk state, the first-speed / second-speed synchronizing chamfer 108 is moved to the ring-side chamfer 11 as shown in FIG.
It meshes with 2, but chamfer 11 for 1st and 2nd gears.
0 has not meshed with the gear side chamfer 114 yet.

When the first and second speed sleeves 70 are further moved in the axial direction to complete the shift, the first and second speed gear chamfers 110 mesh with the gear side chamfers 114, 114 as shown in FIG. Therefore, it is possible to secure a predetermined meshing allowance A ₁ that does not cause gear disengagement.

As a result, the multi-cone synchronization mechanism 9
Also in No. 6, it is possible to obtain a substantially equivalent shift stroke or to reduce the shift stroke, as compared with the single cone synchronization mechanism, without increasing the shift stroke.

As a result, a two-stage chamfer is adopted, and the chamfer angle θ ₁ for synchronization and the chamfer angle θ ₂ for gears are selected at different angles, whereby the degree of freedom in design is increased and the optimum chamfer angle is increased. Can be adopted.

12 and 13 show a second embodiment of the present invention.

In the second embodiment, the parts having the same functions as those in the first embodiment will be described with the same reference numerals.

The features of the second embodiment are as follows. That is, the step G between the chamfer 108 for the first / second speed sync and the chamfer 110 for the first / second speed gear
₂ is set to be larger than the step G ₁ of the above-described first embodiment by a predetermined amount, and the chamfer angle θ ₁ for the first-speed / second-speed synchronization is
Was set to be larger than the chamfer angle θ ₂ for the first and second gears. That is, θ ₁ > θ ₂ .

According to the second embodiment, since the chamfer angle θ ₂ for the first and second speed gears is set small, the shift feeling is improved and the chamfer 110 and the gears for the first and second speed gears are improved. The meshing allowance A ₂ with the side chamfer 114 is secured sufficiently larger than the meshing allowance A ₁ of the first embodiment so that the gear disengagement does not occur, so that the gear disengagement can be prevented more effectively. Further, in the second embodiment, it is possible to set the angle of the gear side chamfer 114 small.

[0041]

As is apparent from the above detailed description, according to the present invention, the synchronizing chamfer of the synchronizing sleeve spline and the gear chamfer of the gear sleeve spline are arranged with a step in the axial direction of the sleeve. By setting the sync chamfer angle of the sync chamfer and the gear chamfer angle of the gear chamfer to be different from each other, even in the multi-cone sync mechanism, the occurrence of gear omission etc. does not occur without increasing the shift stroke. In addition, the degree of freedom in design is increased, and the optimum synchronization chamfer angle and gear chamfer angle can be adopted.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a balk state of a synchronizer in a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a shift completion state of a synchronizer in a second embodiment.

3 is a cross-sectional view of the sleeve taken along the line 〓-〓 of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a front view of a sleeve.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a combined state of a synchronizer key and a sleeve.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the gear chamfer on the second speed side.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the gear chamfer on the first speed side.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged plan view of a synchronization chamfer.

FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of the synchronization chamfer on the second speed side.

FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of the sync chamfer on the first speed side.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view of a transmission.

FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a balk state of the synchronizer in the second embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a shift completion state of the synchronizer in the second embodiment.

FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating a balk state of a synchronizer including a conventional single cone synchronization mechanism.

FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating a shift completion state of a synchronizer including a conventional single cone synchronization mechanism.

FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating a balk state of a synchronizer including a conventional multi-cone sync mechanism.

FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating a shift completed state of a synchronizer including a conventional multi-cone synchro mechanism.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 Gearbox 10 Main shaft 12 Counter shaft 74 1st speed synchronizer 76 2nd speed synchronizer 96 Multi-cone synchro mechanism 98 Synchronizer ring 100 Intermediate cone 104 104 1st / 2nd speed synchro sleeve Spline 106 1st / 2nd speed gear sleeve Spline 108 1st and 2nd speed synchronization chamfer 110 1st and 2nd speed synchronization chamfer 112 Ring side chamfer 114 Gear side chamfer

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] October 4, 1994

[Procedure Amendment 1]

[Document name to be corrected] Drawing

[Correction target item name] All drawings

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

FIG.

[Fig. 2]

[Figure 3]

[Figure 5]

[Figure 6]

[Figure 7]

[Figure 8]

[Figure 9]

[Figure 10]

[Figure 4]

FIG. 11

[Fig. 12]

[Fig. 13]

FIG. 14

FIG. 15

FIG. 16

FIG. 17

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A synchronizer hub provided on a rotary shaft, a sleeve which is axially movable to the synchronizer hub via a synchronizer key, and provided with a synchronizer sleeve spline and a gear sleeve spline, and the sleeve and the cover. In a synchronizer of a transmission provided with a multi-cone synchronizing mechanism having a plurality of synchronizer rings and an intermediate cone body between synchronous gears, a synchronizing chamfer of the synchronizing sleeve spline and a gear chamfer of the gear sleeve spline, Is arranged with a step in the axial direction of the sleeve, and the synchronization chamfer angle of the synchronization chamfer and the gear chamfer angle of the gear chamfer are set to be different from each other. apparatus. 2. The synchronization chamfer angle of the synchronization chamfer is set to be smaller than the gear chamfer angle of the gear chamfer.
The synchronizing device of the transmission according to. 3. The synchronization chamfer angle of the synchronization chamfer is set to be larger than the gear chamfer angle of the gear chamfer.
The synchronizing device of the transmission according to.