JPH0716115Y2 - Gear transmission synchronizer - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial application] The present invention relates to a synchronizer for a gear type transmission, and more specifically, a cone ring is disposed between rotating members and formed on inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the cone ring. The present invention also relates to a double-cone type synchronizer formed so as to perform synchronous engagement between these two members via the friction engagement surface.

[Conventional technology]

Generally, in a gear transmission of an automobile, a synchronizing device is arranged between the members that are rotating relative to each other in order to smoothly connect the members, and the power transmission between the two members is smoothly performed through the synchronizing device. I am trying to do it.

In this type of synchronizer, frictional engagement between the synchronizer ring and the tapered cone is utilized to synchronize the members that are rotating relative to each other. here,
In recent years, a double cone configured to increase the friction engagement area between the synchronizer ring and the taper cone for synchronization, thereby enhancing the synchronization effect and increasing the clutch capacity or the synchronization capacity of the synchronizer. Type synchronizers are known.

For example, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 62-172843 discloses a typical double cone type synchronizer. In this device, as shown in FIG. 4, the members for synchronizing the rotation are a rotating shaft 51 to which a clutch hub is fitted and a gear 50 rotatably supported on the shaft 51. An inner ring 53 having a tapered outer peripheral surface is fitted on the shaft 50 so as to rotate integrally with the clutch hub 52. An outer ring 55 is arranged on the outer periphery of the inner ring 53, and a cone ring 55 is arranged between these rings. The outer ring 55 is movable in the axial direction by a synchronizer key 58 fitted to the outer circumference of the clutch hub 52.
When this ring 55 is slid to the right side in the figure, the inner peripheral surface of this ring and the outer peripheral surface of the cone ring 57 frictionally engage with each other, and the inner peripheral surface of the cone ring 55 and the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 53 cause friction. Engagement, which results in the clutch hub 52 and gear 50 being synchronized.

[Problems to be solved by the device]

In the synchronizer having such a structure, it is necessary to absorb the rotational difference between the members 50 and 52 at the initial stage of frictional engagement to avoid the occurrence of shock, so the inner ring 53 is attached to the clutch hub 52. The relative rotation is possible by a predetermined amount. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 5, the spline teeth 51a of the shaft 51 are formed at a considerable interval, and the spline groove 53a of the inner ring 53 is set to be wider than the width of the gear 51a. As a result, there is a problem that the coupling strength between the shaft 51 and the clutch hub 52 becomes insufficient.

Especially when there is a demand for downsizing the transmission, it is necessary to shorten the spline length of the clutch hub 52 in order to mount the inner ring 53 on the shaft 51. It tends to be low.

Furthermore, in such a synchronizing device, in order to prevent the inner ring 53 from falling and to perform centering, the inner ring 53
Is gripped from both sides by the clutch hub 52 and the gear 50. For this reason, the inner ring 53 will be supported by the gear 50 that rotates relative to the inner ring 53 at the time of non-synchronization, and the joint surface between the inner ring 53 and the gear 50 rubs and the inner ring 53 wears. there were.

The present invention has been made in view of such problems,
Without lowering the coupling strength between the rotary shaft and the rotary member fitted here, it is possible to avoid the occurrence of shock at the beginning of frictional engagement for synchronization, and the side surface of the inner ring is worn by sliding. The objective is to realize a double cone type synchronizer having a unique configuration.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

In order to achieve the above object, the synchronizer according to the present invention comprises:
A synchronizing device for synchronizing a rotating shaft and a rotating body rotatably supported with respect to the rotating shaft, the rotating device being fitted to the rotating shaft so as to rotate integrally with the rotating shaft. Member, a cone ring member supported by the rotating body and having frictional engagement surfaces formed on the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface, and a frictional engagement surface capable of frictionally engaging the outer peripheral frictional engagement surface of the cone ring member And an inner ring member having an outer peripheral surface having a friction engagement surface capable of frictionally engaging with the inner peripheral friction engagement surface of the cone ring member. In the synchronizing device of the gear transmission configured to synchronize the rotation between the rotating member and the rotating body by the frictional engagement of, a holding member that rotates integrally with the rotating member, The holding member uses the inner ring member as a holding member. Then, the inner ring member is sandwiched between the inner ring support part that is connected to the holding member in a rotatable state and the inner ring member so that the inner ring member does not move in the rotation axis direction. And an inner ring holding section for

[Action]

In the synchronizing device having the above structure, the inner ring member is coupled and supported by the inner ring support portion of the holding member in a rotatable state with respect to the holding member with respect to the holding member, and the inner ring holding portion of the holding member rotates in the rotation axis direction. It is sandwiched between the rotating member and the rotating member so as not to move. Therefore, the inner ring member is connected to the holding member so as to be rotatable relative to the rotating member that rotates integrally with the holding member at a predetermined angle, and when the holding member and the outer ring member are frictionally engaged, It can be rotated relative to the ring member by a predetermined angle.

Therefore, the inner ring member can be coupled to the rotating shaft in a play-free state.

Further, since the inner ring member is sandwiched between the rotating member and the inner ring sandwiching portion formed on the holding member,
Without direct contact between the inner ring member and the rotating body,
It becomes possible to prevent wear of the inner ring member.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic partial sectional view showing a manual transmission of an automobile equipped with a synchronizing device according to the present embodiment with a part thereof omitted, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the synchronizing device according to the present embodiment. .
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.

Overall Structure of Transmission As shown in FIG. 1, a gear transmission 1 is an input that is rotatably supported by a transmission case 2 via bearings 3 and 3 and is connected to an engine output shaft 5 via a clutch 4. It has a shaft 6 and an output shaft 8 arranged in parallel with the input shaft 6 and rotatably supported by the transmission case 2 via bearings 7, 7. Between these input shaft 6 and output shaft 8, gears 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 on the input shaft 6 are provided.
And gears 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 on the output shaft that are constantly meshed with these gears, for 1st speed, 2nd speed, 3rd speed, 4th speed and 5th speed Gearboxes 21, 22, 2
3, 24, 25 are provided. Gears 11, 12, 18, 19, 15
Are integrally formed or splined to the shafts 6 or 8 for pivotal rotation. The other gears 16, 17, 13, 14, 20 are rotatably supported on the shaft 8 or 6.

Between the gears 16 and 17 supported on the output shaft 8 of the first and second speed gear units 21 and 22, the third and fourth speed gear units 23 and 24 are supported on the input shaft 6. Gear 1
Between 3 and 14, and behind the gear 20 supported by the output shaft 8 in the fifth speed gear device 25 (left in the drawing), it is rotatably supported by the operation of a shift lever (not shown). One of the gears 16, 17, 13, 14, 20 is connected to the input shaft 6 or the output shaft 8
There are provided 1-2 speed, 3-4 speed, and 5 speed synchronizers 26, 27, 28, respectively, which are selectively connected to each other.

On the other hand, a reverse gear device 31 is provided between the first-speed and second-speed gear devices 21 and 22 provided between the input shaft 6 and the output shaft 8. The reverse gear device 31 includes a reverse gear 32 integrally formed with the input shaft 6, a reverse gear 34 formed around the outer periphery of the hub sleeve 33 of the 1-2 speed synchronizer 26, and an idle gear shown in FIG. It is rotatably and slidably supported on a shaft 35, and is composed of a reverse idle gear 36 that slides leftward in the drawing and meshes with the reverse gears 32 and 34 when moving backward. Further, an output gear 9 formed at the front end of the output shaft 8 is meshed with an input gear 10 of a differential device (not shown), and the rotation of the output shaft 8 is prevented via these gears 9, 10. It is transmitted to the drive wheels.

Of the above three synchronizers 26, 27, 28, for 3-4 speed and 5
The speed synchronizers 27, 28 are known ones using common synchronizer rings 29, 30, while the 1-2 speed synchronizer 26 employs the double cone type synchronizer according to the present invention. Is configured. In this way, especially the 1-2 speed synchronizer 26 is configured as a double cone type synchronizer because in the case of the 1-2 speed gear device, the synchronizer ring or the cone portion rotates with high torque. This is because it is particularly desirable to increase the height of the synchronizer between them.

Configuration of Synchronizer 26 Hereinafter, the synchronizer 26 will be described in detail with reference to FIG. Since the synchronizer 26 is symmetrically arranged on the first speed side and the second speed side, the same parts in the figure are symmetrically arranged, and the same reference numerals are given to them.
The mechanism (the mechanism on the right side in the figure) on the side that connects the speed gear 16 and the output shaft 8 will be described as an example, and the description of the other part will be omitted.

As shown in the figure, on the output shaft 8, a first speed gear 16 and a second speed gear 17 are rotatably connected via bearings 45, 45, and between these gears 16, 17. Is the clutch hub
37 is spline-fitted to the output shaft 8. Also,
The first speed gear 16 has a gear spline 38 formed integrally with the gear 16 on the outer periphery of a portion protruding from the side surface facing the clutch hub.

A hub sleeve 33 is spline-coupled to the outer peripheral surface of the clutch hub 37, and the hub sleeve 33 rotates together with the clutch hub 37, but in the axial direction (in the longitudinal direction of the output shaft 8) with respect to the clutch hub 37. ) Sliding is possible. The clutch hub 37 holds a plurality of synchronizer keys 40 via springs 46. The synchronizer key 40 is engaged with the hub sleeve 33, and when the hub sleeve 33 slides in the axial direction as described above, moves with the hub sleeve 33 in the axial direction.

Between the gear spline 38 formed on the gear 16 and the clutch hub 37, the outer ring 41, the inner ring 39, a disc-shaped holding member 43 for holding the inner ring, and is supported by the gear spline 38, A cone ring 42 positioned between the outer ring 41 and the inner ring 39 is arranged.

The outer ring 41 has a tapered inner peripheral surface 41c that faces the outer peripheral surface 39b of the inner ring 39, a spline 41a is formed on the outer peripheral surface, and when the synchronizer key 40 moves as described above. It has a side end surface 41b pushed by the synchronizer key 40. A tapered cylindrical cone ring 42 is arranged between the inner peripheral surface 41c of the outer ring 41 and the outer peripheral surface 39b of the inner ring 39. A plurality of circumferentially provided engaging claws are formed at the end of the cone ring 42 on the gear 16 side, and these engaging claws are formed in the end surface of the gear spline 38 by an engagement hole formed by drilling. 38a is engaged. With this configuration, the cone ring 42 rotates integrally with the gear spline 38 and is movable in the axial direction of the gear 16 by a predetermined amount. Further, an outer lining and an inner lining (not shown) are applied to the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface of the cone ring 42 to form friction engagement surfaces 42b and 42c.

On the other hand, the inner ring 39 is formed of a substantially annular member, and the inner peripheral surface thereof is provided with a spline 39a which is loosely fitted to the spline 43a formed on the outer peripheral surface of the holding member 43. The holding member 43 has a disk shape as a whole, and is splined to the shaft 8. This member
A portion near the outer periphery of 43 projects in a disk shape toward the clutch hub 37 side, whereby an inner ring seat surface having an L-shaped cross section is formed.
43c is formed. A spline 43a is formed on the horizontal annular surface of the seat surface 43c, and the spline 39a formed on the inner peripheral surface of the inner ring 39 is engaged with the spline 43a. The inner ring 39 is sandwiched between the vertical annular surface 43b of the seat surface 43c and the annular surface 37a formed on the clutch hub 37 side.

Here, with reference to FIG. 3, a connection state of the splines 43a formed on the seat surface 43c and the inner ring splines 39a will be described. As shown, spline 39
The a and the spline 43a are formed so as to be fitted with each other with a predetermined amount of play in the circumferential direction in the fitted state, and therefore the inner ring 39 and the holding member 43 are provided with a predetermined amount in the circumferential direction. Only relative rotation is possible. With such a configuration, the rotational difference between the cone ring 42 and the inner ring 39 at the initial stage of frictional engagement is absorbed, and the synchronizing action can be smoothly performed.

Synchronous engagement operation In the above configuration, the circumferential groove 33a on the outer circumference of the hub sleeve 33 is used.
When the hub sleeve 33 is slid toward the gear 16 side by operating a shift fork (not shown) engaged with the synchronizer key 40, the synchronizer key 40 presses the outer ring 41 toward the gear 16 side. Inner surface 41c of ring 41 is cone ring 4
2 is pressed against the outer ring 41 and the outer ring 41 has a frictional engagement surface 4
It frictionally engages with this cone ring 42 via 2b. As a result, this cone ring 42 is also pushed toward the gear 16 side, and is therefore pushed against the outer peripheral surface 39b of the inner ring 39.
As a result, the cone ring 42 frictionally engages with the inner ring 39 via the friction engagement surface 42c on the inner circumference. Since the cone ring 42 is rotating together with the gear spline 38, when the friction engagement state is achieved as described above, the gear spline 38 of the gear 16 and the hub sleeve 33 are synchronized, and the hub sleeve 33 and the outer cone 41 are Spline 33
The chamfers formed on b and 41a engage with each other. After that, when the hub sleeve 33 is further slid toward the gear 16 side by a shift fork, the spline 33b of the hub sleeve 33 pushes the spline 41a of the gear spline 41 to move, and the hub sleeve 33 moves to the gear spline 38. The spline is smoothly engaged, and thus the gear 16 and the output shaft 8 are connected to each other, so that the output shaft 8 and the gear 16 are in the power transmission state. This state is shown by a virtual line in FIG.

The second speed gear 17 and the output shaft 8 are connected to each other by a hub sleeve.
By sliding 33 on the side of the gear 17, the same operation as described above is performed.

As described above, in the synchronizer of this example, the clutch hub
In order to synchronize the 37 side and the gear 16 side, frictional engagement is made at two places. Therefore, even if the clutch capacity or the synchronization capacity is large and the gear 16 is rotating with a high torque, the synchronization action is surely and smoothly performed.

Also, inner ring 39, cone ring 42 and outer ring
The inner ring 39 is rotatable relative to the holding member 43 by a certain angle in order to alleviate the shock at the beginning of frictional engagement with 41. Therefore, the output shaft 8 and the clutch hub 37 and the holding member 43 are normally spline-coupled, and the coupling strength among them is sufficient.

Further, the inner ring 39 is centered by the spline 43a formed on the holding member 43, and the inner ring is prevented from falling down, and the annular surface 37a of the clutch hub 37 and the holding member 43 are prevented.
Since the inner ring 39 is sandwiched between the inner ring 39 and the annular surface 43b, it is possible to hold the inner ring 39 without abutting it on the gear 16 or 17 that rotates relatively, and prevent the inner ring 39 from wearing. can do.

In the above embodiment, the double cone type synchronizer according to the present invention is adopted only for the 1-2 speed synchronizer, but it is not limited to the 1-2 speed synchronizer, for example, 3-4 speed or 5 speed.
It goes without saying that the present invention may be applied to a speed synchronizer.

Further, the synchronizing device of the present invention is not limited to the above example, but can be used for a device that needs to be synchronized, and can be applied to, for example, a two-wheel-four-wheel drive switching mechanism of a four-wheel drive vehicle. .

〔effect〕

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to avoid the occurrence of a shock at the beginning of frictional engagement for synchronization without lowering the coupling strength between the rotary shaft and the rotary member fitted thereto. It is possible to provide a synchronizer having a structure in which the side surface of the inner ring is not worn by sliding.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic partial side sectional view showing a manual transmission equipped with a synchronizing device according to an embodiment of the present invention with a part thereof omitted. FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged sectional view of the synchronizer according to the embodiment shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. FIG. 4 is a side sectional view showing a conventional double cone type synchronizer. FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view showing a part of the conventional synchronizing device. 1 ... Gear type transmission 6 ... Input shaft 8 ... Output shaft 16, 17 ... Gear 26 ... Synchronous device 33 ... Hub sleeve 37 ... Clutch hub 37a ... Annular surface 38 ... Gear spline 39 ... Inner ring 39a ... Spline 40 ... Synchronizer Key 41… Outer ring 41a… Spline 42… Cone ring 43… Holding member 43a… Spline 43b… Annular surface 43c… Inner ring / seat surface

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A synchronizing device for synchronizing a rotating shaft and a rotating body rotatably supported with respect to the rotating shaft,
A rotary member fitted to the rotary shaft and adapted to rotate integrally with the rotary shaft; and a cone ring member supported by the rotary body and having frictional engagement surfaces formed on an inner peripheral surface and an outer peripheral surface thereof. An outer ring member having an inner peripheral surface having a friction engagement surface capable of frictionally engaging the outer peripheral friction engagement surface of the cone ring member,
An inner ring member having an outer peripheral surface having a frictional engagement surface capable of frictionally engaging the inner peripheral frictional engagement surface of the cone ring member, and by the frictional engagement of these frictional engagement surfaces, the rotating member; A synchronizing device for a gear transmission configured to synchronize rotation with the rotating body, comprising a holding member that rotates integrally with the rotating member, and the holding member holds the inner ring member. An inner ring support portion that is connected to the holding member in a rotatable state with respect to the inner ring member and the inner ring member between the rotation member so that the inner ring member does not move in the rotation axis direction. A synchronizing device for a gear transmission, comprising: an inner ring sandwiching portion for sandwiching.