JPH0838426A - Optometrical device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide an optometrical device capable of simply making measurement with a simple structure. CONSTITUTION:The right and left shutters 1R, 1L shielding light in turn are set to face both eyes, a lens 2 is fitted behind them, and a liquid crystal indicator 3 facing the lens 2 is disposed at the focal point position. The liquid crystal indicator 3 is connected to a signal processor 7 incorporated with a pattern generating circuit, and a responding means 8 and the right and left shutters 1R, 1L are electrically connected to the signal processor 7 respectively. At the time of measurement, at least partially different target patterns are generated by the signal processor 7 synchronously with the shutters 1R, 1L, according to the type and displayed on the liquid crystal indicator 3, a testee moves part of the target patterns with the responding means 8 according to the observed state, and the measurement is made based on the shift quantities.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an optometry apparatus for measuring visual acuity, inclining test, deep vision and the like.

[0002]

[Prior art]

(1) In the conventional optometry device, the polar test is used to measure the phoria. That is, the index is partially obtained with polarizing glasses, and the index is obtained by the degree of the prism when the index looks like a predetermined state.

(2) In addition, inspection measurement of anisoscopic vision is also performed by the polar test.

(3) The measurement of the deep visual acuity is performed by using a deep visual acuity meter which moves one of the three rods of the visual target back and forth.

(4) In the visual acuity test, in order to measure the monocular visual acuity under fusion vision with both eyes open, the visual acuity target partially having a polarizing plate and polarizing glasses are simultaneously used.

[0006]

However, the above-mentioned device has the following various problems.

(A) In the measurement of the oblique position, since the prism is replaced every time the measurement is performed, the replacement of the prism is troublesome and takes a long time.

(B) Quantitative measurement is difficult in the case of inspection measurement of unequal vision.

(C) In measuring deep visual acuity, a device for moving the rod of the visual target back and forth is used, but the device is mechanically complicated because of the movable part.

(D) For visual acuity test, the measurement of the monocular visual acuity with both eyes open is known, for example, in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 57-142504. In this case, the left and right eyes see the same visual target. Fusion is not always easy because it is not.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above problems,
An object of the present invention is to provide an optometry device having a simple structure that enables easy measurement.

[0012]

The eye examination apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object comprises a shutter provided in the optical paths of the left and right eyes for alternately blocking light, and at least a part of which is different in synchronization with the shutter. It is characterized by comprising pattern generating means for generating a target pattern and display means for displaying the optotype pattern.

Further, in the eye examination apparatus according to the second aspect of the present invention, the display means for alternately displaying the optotype patterns for the right eye and the left eye in a time division manner and the display means arranged in front of each of the left and right eyes are switched. And a shutter that operates in synchronization with the target pattern generation that controls the generation of the target pattern so that the target pattern with at least a part of the target pattern displayed on one eye is displayed on the other eye. And a control means.

[0014]

In the optometry apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention having the above-described structure, the left and right shutters provided in front of the left and right eyes alternately shield the light to generate a target pattern at least a part of which differs depending on the type of measurement. It is generated by the means in synchronism with the shutter and displayed on the display means, and the eye is examined by showing it through the shutter.

In the optometry apparatus according to the second invention, the display means alternately displays the optotype patterns for the right eye and the left eye in a time division manner,
While operating the shutter in synchronization with the switching of the display means, the optotype pattern generation control means displays the optotype pattern in which at least a part of the optotype pattern to be displayed on one eye is lacking, and displays it on the other eye. The eye is examined by showing it through the shutter.

[0016]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described in detail based on the illustrated embodiments. FIG. 1 shows an optometry apparatus according to the first embodiment. The optometry apparatus includes left and right shutters 1L and 1R corresponding to the binocular EL and ER of the subject S, and both shutters 1L and 1R behind them.
A lens 2 having a size extending over R is provided, and the lens 2 is provided at a focal position on the side opposite to the shutters 1L and 1R of the lens 2.
A liquid crystal display 3 is provided opposite to. Shutter 1
L and 1R are composed of liquid crystal and other photoelectric members, and have a switching rate of 30 Hz or more, and the left and right shutters 1L and 1R are switched at a repetition rate such that the visual target displayed on the liquid crystal display 3 does not flicker. Things are used.

The liquid crystal display 3 has a visual field portion 4 which extends around the liquid crystal display 3 in order to easily obtain a sense of distance. An illumination light source 6 for illuminating the visual field portion is provided, and is connected to a signal processor 7 in which a computer program and a pattern generation circuit are incorporated. Further, the signal processor 7 has a response means 8 having an operating rod 8a which can be tilted back and forth and right and left.
And the left and right shutters 1L and 1R are electrically connected to each other.

2A and 2B are displayed on the liquid crystal display 3 when an oblique examination is carried out in the optometry apparatus constructed as described above.
A pair of optotype patterns P1, P2 showing a cross and a circle as shown in
Are alternately displayed in synchronization with the switching of the shutters 1L and 1R. The subject S sees only one optotype pattern P1 or P2 through the shutters 1L and 1R with the left and right eyes EL and ER, respectively.

When the subject S's eye is not in the oblique position, the condition shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 4, the left and right optotype patterns P1 and P2 appear to overlap with each other, and when the subject S is in the oblique position, the left and right optotype patterns P1 and P2 appear to be misaligned as shown in FIG. Then, when measuring the degree of phoria, the subject S tilts the operating rod 8a of the response means 8 in any of front, rear, left, and right directions so that the target patterns P1 and P2 overlap. The signal processor 7 moves either one of the target patterns P1 or P2 in response to the signal from the response means 8 and calculates the degree of obliqueness from the moving amount.

When measuring deep vision with this optometry device,
A pair of optotype patterns P3 and P4 showing three bars as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B are displayed on the liquid crystal display 3 on the eyes EL and ER in synchronization with the switching of the shutters 1L and 1R. . The subject S sees only one optotype pattern P3 or P4 through the shutters 1L and 1R with the left and right eyes EL and ER, respectively. Of these three target patterns P3 and P4, two of them on both sides are at the same position on the left and right with respect to the screen frame, and the center bar is slightly offset to the left and right. When
As shown in (3), the central bar looks like three bars, and there is a parallax between the central bar and the two bars on both sides, which gives a stereoscopic effect.

Therefore, when one of the examinees S looks at different positions in the depth direction, he / she operates the operating rod 8a of the response means 8 so that the left and right are seen at the same depth.
The signal processor 7 controls the movement of the optotype patterns P3 and P4 according to the signal from the response means 8 by the operation, and moves the center bar of one of the optotype patterns P3 or P4 to the left or right. Then, when the central bars overlap and appear as one, it is normal if the positions of the central bars of the left and right visual target patterns P3 and P4 are the same, and if they are different, the signal processor 7 shifts from the normal case. Calculate the degree of deep vision from the amount difference.

When measuring visual acuity with this optometer, a pair of optotype patterns P5 and P6 having optotype marks as shown in FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b) on the liquid crystal display 3 are shutters 1L and 1R.
Are displayed in synchronism with. The individual fixed optotype marks M1 in this optotype pattern P5 are presented to both eyes in common on the left and right, and thus the binocular visual acuity is measured by the fixed optotype marks M1.

Further, the variable target mark M2 shown in FIG. 7B is presented only to the right eye ER, and fusion can be performed by the target frame or the fixed target mark M1 common to the left and right. , The monocular visual acuity of only the right eye ER under fusion vision can be measured, and the visual acuity of the left eye EL can be measured if presented only to the left eye EL.

Further, in the target pattern P5 of FIG. 7 (a), the variable target mark in the target pattern P6 of FIG. 7 (b) is used.
If the variable target mark M2 is displayed at the position corresponding to M2,
The same variable target mark M2 at the same position on the target patterns P5 and P6
Can also be used to measure binocular visual acuity.

When the response means 8 is used as a visual acuity meter, it can be used also as means for inputting the direction of the variable optotype mark M2 as a response. However, if this device is used only as a visual acuity meter, the response means 8 can be used. Need not necessarily be provided.

When performing an anisoscopic vision inspection with this optometry apparatus, a pair of left and right target patterns P7 and P8 as shown in FIGS. 8 (a) and 8 (b) are displayed on the liquid crystal display 3 by the shutter 1L. It is displayed in synchronization with 1R. The center circle mark M3 is for fixation and is common to the left and right target patterns P7 and P8, and the U-shaped marks M4 and M5
Have the same size and are symmetrical.

When a normal person simultaneously sees the target patterns P7 and P8 with the left eye EL and the right eye ER, the U-shaped marks M4 and M5 appear to be substantially connected and look like a quadrangle as shown in FIG. But,
When viewed by the anisometric subject S, the left and right U-shaped marks M4 and M5 appear to have different sizes, as shown in FIG.

When measuring the degree of unequal vision, the examinee S uses the response means 8 until the subject looks as shown in FIG.
When the operating rod 8a is operated, the response means 8 is operated by the operation.
Depending on the signal from the signal processor 7, one of the U-shaped marks
The size of M4 or M5 is changed, and the degree of anisoscopic vision is calculated from the amount of change.

This optometry apparatus uses the lens 2 in order to enable the optometry even in a narrow space. However, when the space is sufficient, the lens 2 is not used and the shutters 1L, 1R are separated by about 5 m. C as position indicator
RT may be arranged. In that case, since it is troublesome to connect the signal processor 7 and the shutters 1L and 1R with a signal line, it is preferable to employ a communication means using infrared rays.
The same applies to the response means 8.

FIG. 11 shows an optometry apparatus according to the second embodiment. This optometry device is composed of a liquid crystal or other photoelectric material and has left and right shutters 21L and 21R corresponding to both eyes EL and ER.
And a lens 22 having a size across both shutters 21L and 21R are provided on the rear side thereof, and a liquid crystal display 23 facing the lens 22 is provided at a focal position of the lens 22 opposite to the shutters 21L and 21R. ing.

The liquid crystal display 23 is connected to the optotype pattern generation controller 24, and the optotype pattern generation controller 24 incorporates a computer program and an optotype pattern generation circuit so that the optotype pattern may be time-divided. Display and shutter 2
The timing of switching between 1L and 21R can be controlled. An operation panel 25 and shutters 21L and 21R are electrically connected to the optotype pattern generation controller 24.

As shown in FIG. 12, the operation panel 25 comprises a liquid crystal display section 26 and a switch section 27. The switch unit 27 is provided with a large number of mark switches 28 for displaying the variable visual target marks in a size corresponding to each visual acuity level, and is provided with numbers indicating the visual acuity on the upper surface thereof. At the lower part of the portion 27, R and L changeover switches 29 for designating the left and right eyes to be inspected,
Print switch 30 used when printing inspection results
Is provided.

In the optometry apparatus constructed as described above, the liquid crystal display 23 for the visual acuity test has various sizes for the left and right eyes EL and ER as shown in FIGS. 13 (a) and 13 (b). A pair of optotype patterns P9, P1 composed of a fixed optotype mark M6 and an optotype frame W
0 is displayed alternately on the shutters 21L and 21R in a time division manner in synchronization with this.

When the examiner designates the eye to be inspected by the changeover switch 29 of the operation panel 25 and the mark size corresponding to the visual acuity at a certain stage by the mark switch 28, the eye to be inspected. 13A, an optotype pattern P9 having a variable optotype mark M7 in the optotype frame W is displayed as shown in FIG. 13A, and the variable optotype mark shown in FIG. The target pattern P10 without M7 is displayed. Then, on the liquid crystal display unit 26, for example, the side to be inspected is the right eye ER.
In addition, a display indicating which direction the variable target mark M7 is facing is displayed with a size corresponding to the visual acuity of 0.8.

The subject S sees only one target pattern P9 or P10 through the shutters 21L and 21R with the left and right eyes EL and ER, respectively.
The fixed target mark M6 on P10 is common to the left and right, and both eyes EL and E
The fixed target mark M6 is displayed in the same way as R.
To measure binocular visual acuity.

When the variable target mark M7 is presented only to the right eye ER, which is the subject's eye, fusion is performed by the target frame W around the variable target mark M7 or the fixed target mark M6 common to the left and right. Therefore, it is possible to measure the monocular visual acuity under fusion vision. When changing the direction of the variable target mark M7, set 0.8 again.
When the mark switch 28 is pressed, a variable optotype mark M7 of the same size but in a different direction is displayed in the optotype frame W. Then, by pressing another mark switch 28, the size of the variable target mark M7 is changed and the direction thereof is changed to complete the measurement. For example, when the examiner determines that the visual acuity is 1.0, 1. When the 0 mark switch 28 and the print switch 30 are pressed, the inspection result is printed by a printer (not shown).

Next, when the other changeover switch 29 is pushed and the mark switch 28 is pushed, the other target pattern P10
Since the variable target mark M7 is displayed in the target frame W, the left eye EL is similarly measured. Further, when the binocular visual acuity should be measured, by pressing R and L of the changeover switch 29 at the same time, the same visual target pattern is displayed on the left and right eyes EL and ER, and the binocular visual acuity is measured by this.

FIGS. 14 (a) and 14 (b) show other examples of the optotype patterns. The optotype patterns P11 and P12 are landed at the center of the double circle mark M8 as shown in FIG. 14 (a). The one with the ring mark M9 is presented to the eye to be measured, and the one with the unbroken ring mark M10 in the center of the double circle mark M8 is shown on the other side as shown in (b). Present to each eye.

The visual acuity test is performed by presenting a mark M9 that is different from the mark M9 only in the direction of the break, or by presenting another mark M9 having a different size. At this time,
A ring mark M10 having the same size as the mark M9 presented on the optometry is presented to the eye not to be examined. In this way, when the examination of one eye is completed, the other eye is similarly examined.

When the target patterns P11 and P12 are used, the double circle mark M8 indicates both target patterns P11 and P12.
, Which is common to both eyes EL and ER, and the target pattern P1
1 and P12 make fusion even easier.

[0041]

As described above, the optometry apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention can easily perform optometry with a simple structure and has the following advantages.

(A) It is not necessary to replace and use various prisms, and an oblique optometry can be easily performed.

(B) Deep visual acuity can be measured with a simple device having no moving parts.

(C) Binocular and monocular visual acuity can be measured using the same optotype mark, and measurement is performed without knowing whether the subject is measuring binocular visual acuity or monocular visual acuity. I can.

(D) The unequal vision can be quantified.

(E) It is possible to easily perform each test of phoria, unequal vision, deep vision, and visual acuity with one device.

Further, the optometry apparatus according to the second aspect of the invention can easily perform optometry with a simple structure, can easily perform fusion vision at the time of measuring visual acuity, and can perform stable and accurate examination. .

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a front view of a pair of left and right optotype patterns for measuring phoria.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of an optotype pattern seen by a normal person.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of an optotype pattern seen by an oblique person.

FIG. 5 is a front view of a pair of left and right optotype patterns for measuring deep visual acuity.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of an optotype pattern seen by a normal person.

FIG. 7 is a front view of a pair of left and right optotype patterns for measuring visual acuity.

FIG. 8 is a front view of a pair of left and right optotype patterns for measuring anisoscopic vision.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of an optotype pattern seen by a normal person.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of a target pattern seen by a person with unequal vision.

FIG. 11 is a configuration diagram of a second embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a plan view of an operation panel.

FIG. 13 is a front view of a pair of left and right optotype patterns for measuring visual acuity.

FIG. 14 is a front view of another example of a pair of left and right optotype patterns for visual acuity measurement.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1, 21 Shutters 3, 23 Liquid crystal display 7 Signal processor 8 Response means 24 Pattern generation controller 25 Operation panel

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A shutter provided in the optical paths of the left and right eyes to alternately shield light, a pattern generating means for generating a target pattern which is at least partially different in synchronization with the shutter, and a display means for displaying the target pattern. An optometry device having: 2. Display means for alternately displaying the optotype patterns for the right eye and the left eye in a time division manner, and a shutter that operates in synchronization with the switching of the display means arranged in front of each of the left and right eyes. Characterized in that it has an optotype pattern generation control means for generating and controlling the optotype pattern so that at least a part of the optotype pattern displayed on one eye is displayed on the other eye. Optometry device. 3. The optometry apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the same optotype pattern is displayed on the left and right eyes except for the optotype marks that the subject is required to judge.