JPH08140934A - Ortometric apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To enable quantitative measurement accurately with a wider visual field in measurement while enabling versatility with a simple structure. CONSTITUTION: A testee observes a target 5 through color filters 2 and 3 from a horopter 1 and an examiner manipulates an operating plate 11 to determine a target pattern to be presented. A control means 9 inputs the target pattern stored in a pattern generator 10 according to an output from the operating plate 11 to be outputted to the target 5. Hence, the target pattern is presented to the testee S. The testee S responds by operating a switch 13 at an upper part of a responding means 12 for the target pattern presented. The control means 9 presents the target patterns sequentially to the target 5 according to the results of his response to determine a vision of the testee S.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an optometry apparatus used in, for example, an ophthalmic hospital or an eyeglass store.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional optometry apparatus moves a visual target in the optical axis direction when measuring stereoscopic vision, and a visual target for binocular open visual acuity measurement and oblique measurement is partially used. Measurements are performed by emitting different polarized light, or by showing separate targets on the left and right eyes of the subject. In addition, it is difficult to quantitatively measure unequal vision and rotational strabismus, and phoria measurement is performed by replacing the prism.

[0003]

However, in the above-mentioned case, the device has a mechanically movable part to compose the structure in order to move the visual target in the optical axis direction for measurement, and emits polarized light. Such a device can be used only for a specific visual acuity measurement and is not versatile. Further, the device in which the left and right eyes of the subject are shown to have different optotypes has a complicated structure, and the visual field of the subject cannot be widened. Further, it is difficult to perform precise quantitative measurement for unequal vision and rotational strabismus, and for the oblique measurement, the prism must be exchanged for measurement, which imposes a burden on the examiner.

The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems,
The device has a simple structure, has general versatility, widens the field of view of the subject during measurement, improves the measurement accuracy of anisometric vision and rotational squint, and does not need to replace the prism during oblique measurement. An object of the present invention is to provide an optometry device that can perform measurement.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An eye examination apparatus according to a first aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object comprises an image display unit for displaying a color image and a filter arranged in the optical paths of the left and right eyes for transmitting different color lights. And pattern generating means for generating an optometry pattern composed of different colored lights presented to the left and right eyes.

The optometry apparatus according to the second invention comprises an image display means for displaying an image, a polarizing member disposed in the optical paths of the left and right eyes and having polarization directions orthogonal to each other, the image display means and the polarizing member. And a pattern generating means for generating an optometry pattern to be presented to the left and right eyes in synchronism with the change of the polarization direction of the polarization direction changing means.

[0007]

In the optometry apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention having the above-described structure, the pattern generating means generates the optometry patterns composed of mutually different colored lights to be presented to the left and right eyes, and the image display means displays the optometry pattern. The pattern is transmitted to different colored lights by a filter and presented to the right and left eyes of the subject.

In the optometry apparatus according to the second aspect of the invention, the optometry pattern is generated by the pattern generating means in synchronization with the change of the polarization direction of the polarization direction changing means, and the polarization direction of the optometry pattern is changed by the polarization direction changing means. The polarizing members polarize the left and right eyes in polarization directions orthogonal to each other and present the left and right eyes of the subject.

[0009]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described in detail based on the illustrated embodiments. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a first embodiment, in which a horopter 1 equipped with lenses of various powers is arranged facing an eye E to be inspected, and the left eye and the right eye of a subject S behind the horopter 1 are arranged. Color filters 2 and 3 for transmitting light fluxes of a red component and a green component respectively are provided on an optical path passing through an eye, and one lens 4 is arranged behind these color filters 2 and 3.

Further, behind the lens 4, a visual target 5 such as a liquid crystal plate for displaying a color image is arranged, and a back light 6 is used to illuminate it from behind. Further, a peripheral visual target 7 is provided around the visual target 5, and the peripheral visual target 7 is illuminated by a light source 8. The visual target 5 is apparently distant from the subject S by the lens 4 in appearance.

A control means 9 for controlling the optotype pattern to be displayed is connected to the optotype 5, and the control means 9 includes a pattern generator 10 for storing the optotype pattern and an operation panel 11 operated by an examiner. The response means 12 operated by the subject S is connected. Further, a switch 13 is provided on the upper part of the response means 12, and the examinee S uses the switch 1
By operating 3 the optotype pattern can be operated via the control means 9.

FIG. 2 is a graph of the spectral characteristics of the color filters 2 and 3, in which the horizontal axis indicates the wavelength λ and the vertical axis indicates the transmittance T. Dotted lines indicate color filters 2 and 3 from the one with the largest wavelength.
And the solid line shows the characteristic curves of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) in order from the one with the largest wavelength.

At the time of measuring visual acuity, the subject S observes the optotype 5 from the horopter 1 through the color filters 2, 3 and the lens 4. The examiner determines the optotype pattern to be presented to the subject S according to the type of measurement and operates the operation plate 11, and the control means 9 stores the optotype pattern stored in the pattern generator 10 according to the output from the operation plate 11. To the optotype 5 to present the optotype pattern. The subject S responds to the presented optotype pattern by operating the switch 13 above the response means 12, and the control means 9 successively presents the optotype pattern to the optotype 5 according to the response result. , The visual acuity of the subject S is determined.

FIGS. 3 to 6 are target patterns for measuring anisoscopic vision, each of which shows a U-shaped target pattern P. FIG. 3 shows a target pattern for the left eye. P is displayed in red and FIG. 4 shows a target pattern P for the right eye, which is displayed in green. Further, FIG. 5 shows how the visual target 5 looks when a subject S with normal vision without irrelevant vision observes it with both eyes, and FIG. It shows how the visual target 5 looks when observed with the eyes.

Since the subject S looks at the optotype 5 through the color filters 2 and 3 when measuring the anisoscopic vision, the left and right eyes of the subject S are shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, respectively. Only the target pattern P can be seen. When the subject S with normal eyesight looks at the optotype 5 as shown in FIG. 5, when the subject S with an anisoscopic vision looks at the optotype 5, the optotype pattern is formed by the left eye and the right eye. The size of P is different, and it looks like FIG. 6, for example.

When the sizes look different, the subject S operates the switch 13 on the upper part of the response means 12 to match the sizes of the left and right optotype patterns P, as shown in FIG. Align the target 5 so that it looks like.
Based on the response of the subject S, the degree of unequal vision of the subject S can be accurately measured.

FIG. 7 shows a target pattern for measuring stereoscopic vision, in which three rod-shaped target patterns P are displayed.
The left target pattern Pr and the right target pattern Pg are fixed and displayed in red and green, respectively. Further, the center target pattern Pc is composed of the same type target patterns of red and green, and can be moved in the left and right opposite directions by operating the response means 12.

When the subject S observes with both eyes through the color filters 2 and 3 when measuring the stereoscopic vision, the depth of the central target pattern Pc is perceived differently from the both side target patterns Pr and Pg. . The subject S is the switch 1 above the response means 12.
3 is operated to shift the red target pattern and the green target pattern at the center to match the depths of the target patterns Pr and Pg on both sides. The subject S with normal stereoscopic vision looks like the central optotype pattern Pc moves back and forth because the sense of depth changes, and the depths can be adjusted, but the subject S with stereoscopic vision not normal. Cannot see the color bleed N in the target pattern Pc at the center, and the depth cannot be accurately adjusted. The stereoscopic ability of the subject S can be measured based on the degree of accuracy of the depth adjustment.

FIG. 8 shows optotype patterns for binocular and monocular measurement with both eyes open. Left and right optotype patterns Pr and Pg having a shape such as a Landolt ring are for monocular visual acuity measurement, respectively. It is displayed in red and green. The central target pattern Pc is for binocular visual acuity measurement, and is displayed as a target pattern Pc including a red component and a green component.

When measuring with both eyes open, first remove the color filters 2 and 3 and perform a red-green test before measurement.
The power of the horopter 1 is adjusted by exchanging the horopter 1 so that the red and green target patterns Pr and Pg have the same appearance. Next, with the color filters 2 and 3 inserted, the left eye pattern Pr for the left eye measurement, the right eye pattern Pg for the right eye measurement, and the binocular measurement for the right eye measurement. Determines the visual acuity of the subject S by using each of the central target pattern Pc. As described above, the method of presenting the left and right optotype patterns with colored light allows various measurements with a simple configuration.

Although the target patterns Pr and Pg composed of the red component and the green component are used, for example, a color filter for the left eye is used as a color filter for transmitting the red component and the blue component, and for the right eye. It is also possible to use a color filter that transmits green as the color filter 3 and to display the target pattern of the target 5 as a red-blue target pattern and a green target pattern accordingly. At this time, the target pattern to be shown to both eyes of the subject S is displayed in white. Further, the operation of the switch 13 on the upper part of the response means 12 is performed by the subject S, but the examiner may operate it by listening to the response of the subject S.

FIG. 9 is a block diagram of the second embodiment, in which polarizing glasses 23 having polarizing filters 21 and 22 whose polarization directions are orthogonal to each other are provided, and when a subject wears the polarizing glasses 23. In the line-of-sight direction, the TN type liquid crystal 24, the polarization filter 21 or the polarization filter 25 whose polarization direction is the same as that of the polarization filter 22, and the CRT 26 for displaying a target pattern.
Are arranged in sequence.

A controller 27 for controlling the optotype pattern to be displayed is connected to the CRT 26, and an operation plate 28 operated by the examiner and a response means 29 operated by the examinee are connected to the controller 27, A switch 30 is provided above the response means 29.

The TN type liquid crystal 24 exhibits an optical rotatory power of 90 degrees when no voltage is applied, and the optical rotatory power disappears when a voltage is applied. In order to show different target patterns to the left and right eyes of the subject S not by the difference in color but by the difference in polarization, black and white light, not colored light, is used to display the target pattern. The same shape as that of the first embodiment may be used.

At the time of measurement, the examiner operates the operation plate 28 to present the target pattern to the left or right eye of the subject by turning on / off the applied voltage of the TN type liquid crystal 24 to the left and right eyes. Select. When the subject observes the target pattern on the CRT 26 as a target through the polarized glasses 23, the TN type liquid crystal 24
The controller 27 synchronizes with the on / off of the voltage of
The target pattern for the left and right eyes is displayed alternatively on the RT26,
The light flux from the optotype pattern is polarized by the polarization filter 25, the polarization direction of which coincides with the polarization direction of the polarization filter 21 or the polarization filter 22, and the optotype pattern is selectively presented to the left or right eye of the subject. To be done. The subject S operates the switch 30 on the upper part of the response means to respond to the measurement, and determines the visual acuity of the subject S according to the response. The repetition of the display of the optotype pattern is preferably 30 Hz or more without flicker, but may be synchronized with the field of flickering.

For the phoria measurement, it is possible to perform quantitative measurement without moving the prism by moving the target pattern in the same manner. Further, a lens may be attached to the polarizing glasses 23 so that the refractivity can be adjusted, or a lens or a mirror may be arranged between the polarizing glasses 23 and the TN type liquid crystal 24 so that the target on the CRT 26 can be moved to a distance. It is also possible to place the CRT 26 close to the polarized glasses 23 by projecting. Further, a horopter may be used instead of the polarized glasses 23.

[0027]

As described above, the optometry apparatus according to the first aspect of the invention has a simple structure without any mechanically movable parts, and can be used as a general purpose by using one optotype for various binocular visual acuity tests. Since the target is visible to both eyes, the visual field of the subject can be widened. Further, if the optometry pattern is changed, it is possible to perform precise quantitative measurement of unequal vision and rotational strabismus, and oblique measurement can be performed without replacing the prism.

The optometry apparatus according to the second aspect of the invention has no mechanically movable parts and has a simple structure, and is versatile by using one optotype for various binocular visual acuity tests. Since the target is visible to both eyes, the field of view of the subject can be widened. Also,
By changing the optometry pattern, it is possible to perform precise quantitative measurement of unequal vision and rotational strabismus, and oblique measurement can be performed without replacing the prism.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing spectral characteristics of color filters.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a target pattern for the left eye for measuring anisoscopic vision.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a target pattern for the right eye for measuring anisoscopic vision.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of how an optotype is viewed by a subject who does not have unequal image viewing with both eyes.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of how an optotype is viewed by a subject having unequal image viewing with both eyes.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of an optotype pattern for measuring stereoscopic vision.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a target pattern for binocular and monocular measurement when both eyes are open.

FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram of a second embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Holopter 2, 3 color filter 5 Visual target 9 Control means 10 Pattern generator 11, 28 Operation plate 12, 29 Response means 13, 30 Switch 21, 22 and 25 Polarizing filter 23 Polarizing glasses 24 TN type liquid crystal 26 CRT 27 Controller

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. An image display means for displaying a color image,
An optometry apparatus comprising: a filter disposed in the optical paths of the left and right eyes and transmitting different colored lights; and a pattern generating means for generating an optometric pattern composed of different colored lights presented to the left and right eyes. 2. The optometry apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising control means for changing a position or a shape of the optometry pattern. 3. An image display unit for displaying an image, a polarizing member disposed in the optical paths of the left and right eyes and having polarization directions orthogonal to each other, and a polarized light for changing the polarization direction between the image display unit and the polarizing member. An optometry apparatus comprising: a direction changing unit and a pattern generating unit that generates an optometry pattern to be presented to the left and right eyes in synchronization with a change in the polarization direction of the polarization direction changing unit.