JPH08168466A - Optometry apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To perform a precise measurement of self-conscious eye refraction in a short time. CONSTITUTION: A specified striped pattern is displayed on a liq. crystal plate 5 from a sign generator 12 and a subject S to by examined observes this visual indication through horopters 1L and 1R, rotating prisms 2L and 2R, liq. crystal shutters 3L and 3R and a lens 4. Visibility is changed by means of the spherical surface lens of the horopters 1L and 1R and the rotating prisms 2L and 2R and, when the subject S to be examined finds the striped pattern, he responds to it by a responding means. A control means 11 changes the visibility of the next displaying visual indication in cope with the visibility to which the subject S to be examined has responded and this process is repeated while the interval of the striped pattern is successively changed to calculate his eyesight from the thinnest striped pattern to which the subject S to be examined.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an optometry apparatus used for measuring refractive power or visual acuity in an ophthalmic hospital or an eyeglass store.

[0002]

[Prior art]

(1) Conventionally, in the subjective refractive power measuring device, the examiner presents two optotypes to the examinee at the same time, and the examiner asks which examinee can be seen more clearly while listening to the examinee. The measurement is performed by adjusting the spherical power, the cylindrical power, and the cylindrical angle.

(2) Further, in the visual acuity test at a short distance, the actual distance between the eye to be inspected and the visual target is changed to perform the measurement.

(3) In order to measure phoria, the right and left eyes of the subject are presented with different targets, and the examiner sequentially replaces prisms of different powers to judge the subject's response. I am making measurements.

(4) A large number of optotypes having different sizes are presented to the subject at one time, and the examiner gives an instruction one by one to measure the visual acuity based on the response of the subject.

(5) The examiner presents one optotype to the subject, obtains the diopter from the response of the subject, and then presents another optotype to obtain the diopter. The eye refraction value is measured repeatedly.

[0007]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

(B) However, in the above-mentioned conventional example (1), factors such as the spherical power are gradually changed to present the target to the subject, and the measurement is performed according to the response of the subject. The measurement is very time consuming and the examiner is required to be familiar with his or her expertise.

(B) Further, in the above-mentioned conventional example (2),
Since the measurement is performed while gradually changing the actual distance between the eye to be inspected and the optotype, the range of distance to be changed is limited, and the measurement also takes time, and the device has a complicated configuration.

(C) In the above-mentioned conventional example (3), prisms having different frequencies are replaced one by one and the oblique position is measured while obtaining the response of the subject. It takes time, and accurate measurement is difficult.

(D) In the above-mentioned conventional example (4), a large number of optotypes are presented at one time, so that a subject other than the instructed optotypes enters the visual field, and a judgment error occurs and a judgment is made. Also takes time.

(E) In the above-mentioned conventional example (5), the examiner presents the optotype to the examinee every time, changes the diopter, hears the examinee's response, and measures. Therefore, the diopter must be adjusted each time, and it takes a very long time to perform the measurement, and the measurement becomes complicated.

The first object of the present invention is the above-mentioned problem (a).
It is an object of the present invention to provide an optometry apparatus that can solve the above problems and can accurately measure the eye refraction value in a short time, and that can be handled even if the user is not familiar with the technique.

The second object of the present invention is the above-mentioned problem (b).
The object of the present invention is to provide an optometry apparatus having a simple configuration capable of performing measurement without moving the target.

The third object of the present invention is the above-mentioned problem (c).
An object of the present invention is to provide an optometry device capable of accurately measuring the oblique position in a short time.

The fourth object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problem (d).
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide an optometry apparatus capable of accurately measuring visual acuity in a short time.

The fifth object of the present invention is to solve the above problems (e).
The object of the present invention is to provide an optometry device capable of solving the above problem and setting the optotype of the next diopter based on the diopter of the previous optotype.

[0017]

An eye examination apparatus according to a first aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object displays an index diopter varying means including astigmatism and a striped pattern in at least three meridian directions with variable striped intervals. The optotype, the subject responding means, and the optotype corresponding to the optotype that the subject responds to each of the stripe patterns when the optotype is presented while changing the diopter. And a control unit for changing the diopter of the optotype by a variable unit.

The optometry apparatus according to the second aspect of the invention has an optotype provided at a predetermined distance from the eye to be inspected, a prism dioptric power varying means and a lens dioptric power varying means, and these two varying means are adjusted. It is characterized in that the visual target can be presented at a plurality of apparent distances.

In the eye examination apparatus according to the third aspect of the invention, the prism power varying means, the optotype means for presenting different patterns to the left and right eyes, the subject responding means, and the prism of the prism power varying means by the responding means. And a control means for controlling the frequency.

An optometry apparatus according to a fourth aspect of the present invention comprises an optotype means for changing the size of a character optotype, a subject responding means, and a control means for determining visual acuity from the size of the character optotype at the time of response. It is characterized by having.

The optometry apparatus according to the fifth aspect of the present invention includes a diopter variable index means, a subject responding means, and a diopter index when a diopter is changed and a response is presented. It is characterized in that the diopter of the next target to be presented is determined based on this.

[0022]

The optometer according to the first aspect of the present invention, which has the above-described structure, presents the optotype displaying the stripe pattern in at least three directions with variable stripe intervals to the subject while sequentially changing the diopter. The person responds by the response means. The optotype diopter varying means is controlled so as to change the diopter of the optotype to be presented next according to the diopter of each of the stripe patterns to which the subject responds.

In the eye examination apparatus of the second invention, the optotypes arranged at a predetermined distance are presented to the eye to be inspected, and the prism dioptric power varying means and the lens dioptric power varying means are adjusted so that a plurality of the optotypes are apparently used. It is controlled so that it is presented in the distance.

In the optometry apparatus of the third invention, the optotype means presents different patterns of optotypes to the left and right eyes of the subject, and the displacement of the left and right eyes is eliminated according to the response made by the subject by the response means. The control for changing the prism power of the prism power changing means is performed.

In the eye examination apparatus of the fourth invention, the character optotype is presented to the subject by the optotype means, and the size of the character optotype is gradually changed. The control means determines the visual acuity of the subject based on the size of the character optotype when the subject responds by the response means.

The optometry apparatus of the fifth invention presents the diopter to the subject while changing the diopter by the optotype means, and then based on the diopter of the optotype at the time of response by the examinee, Determine the diopter of the target to be presented.

[0027]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described in detail based on the illustrated embodiments. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the first embodiment, in which eye refractive power, visual acuity, etc. can be measured for each eye. In front of each of the left and right eyes EL and ER of the subject S, the holopters 1L and 1R that change the spherical cylindrical lens power and the cylindrical angle, the rotating prisms 2L and 2R that change the prism power and the angle, and high-speed time division are possible. Liquid crystal shutters 3L and 3R, a lens 4 that is rotatable about a rotation axis 4a and that can be inserted into and removed from an optical path, a liquid crystal plate 5 for image display, and a light source 6 that illuminates the liquid crystal plate 5 from behind are sequentially arranged. A non-polarizing peripheral target 7 is provided around the liquid crystal plate 5, and a light source 8 for illuminating the peripheral target 7 is arranged in front of the liquid crystal plate 5.

In addition, a response means 9 is provided near the subject S for visually recognizing a target and responding, and the response means 9, the horopters 1L and 1R, the rotating prisms 2L and 2R, and the liquid crystal shutter 3 are provided.
The L, 3R, and liquid crystal plates 5 are controlled by a control means 11 via a signal line 10.
The control means 11 is connected to the liquid crystal plate 5 with the optotype pattern.
There is provided a symbol generator 12 for

A target pattern is generated from the symbol generator 12 and displayed on the liquid crystal plate 5 illuminated by the light source 6 to become a target. This target is apparently distant due to the lens 4.
The optotype patterns for the left and right eyes are generated alternately, and are time-divided at high speed by the synchronized liquid crystal shutters 3L and 3R to enable the left and right eyes to be separated.
Each target pattern is observed alternately by EL and ER. Then, the subject S responds with the response means 9 when the target is visible.

For short-range inspection, the lens 4 is attached to the rotary shaft 4a.
Rotate to the dotted line position around. The liquid crystal plate 5 is the eye E to be inspected.
From 30 cm to 40 cm. In the short-range inspection, it is necessary to change the distance between 20 cm and 40 cm depending on the purpose.
This is performed by combining the spherical lens in L and 1R with the rotating prisms 2L and 2R. That is, the apparent distance is adjusted by the spherical lenses of the horopters 1L and 1R, and the rotary prism 2L and
2R adjusts the vergence of the eye E, and the control means 11 calculates and controls this combination. Further, a change in the size of the visual acuity measurement target caused by the addition of the spherical lens is corrected by adjusting the display size of the target by the control means 11 so that the appearance is constant from the eye to be examined. .

With the lens 4 left in the position shown by the solid line, the diopter and the convergence are the same as in the case of the short-distance inspection, depending on the lens powers of the spherical lenses of the horopters 1L and 1R and the prism powers of the rotating prisms 2L and 2R. You may adjust so that. In this way, the inspection can be performed by continuously changing the distance from the distant to the near. The change in interpupillary distance due to the cross-eyed eye generated at this time is
The control means 11 automatically calculates the eye widths of L and 1R,
The driving means (not shown) is used for correction.

FIGS. 2 (a) to 2 (e) show three-direction stripe patterns for measuring the refractive power. First, if the refractive power and the visual acuity of the subject S are completely unknown, the visual acuity is about 0.5. Showing the stripes in the direction, gradually change the diopter of the horopters 1L and 1R from + 20D (diopter) to the minus side. The subject S is instructed to press the button of the response means 9 when the stripe pattern is seen. It should be noted that this instruction may be given by the examiner or may be given by a synthesized voice according to the program. For example, -3.
If there is a response at 0D, change the stripe pattern to 0.7,
-3.0D to 1.0D plus side, namely -2.0D
Then, gradually change the diopter of the target toward the negative side. Next, if there is a response at -3.5D, change to a stripe pattern corresponding to a visual acuity of 1.0, and if there is a response starting from -2.5D,
Change to a thinner stripe pattern and continue until there is no response. The control means 11 automatically sets the optotype according to a program, and the visual acuity and the refractive power in the meridian direction are determined from the thinnest striped pattern that responds.

After such measurement in one direction, the same operation is performed for the other two directions, and the index diopter is moved from the plus side in the thinnest striped pattern, and when the response is obtained, The refractive power and visual acuity are determined from the diopter, and the refractive value including astigmatism is calculated from the refractive powers of the three meridians measured in these three directions. The series of steps described above is automatically performed by the control means 11, and the subject S responds to the response means 9 every time the stripe pattern is seen.
All you have to do is press the button. Therefore, by giving some instructions even if there is no examiner, the examinee S can perform sufficient measurement alone.

The spherical power and the cylindrical power are set in the horopters 1L and 1R according to the calculated refraction values, and in this state, the control means 11 controls the symbol generator 12 to output the Landolt ring or characters to the liquid crystal plate 5. Visual acuity measurements can be made. For example, as shown in FIG.
→ (b) → (c)
Responds by the response means 9 when seen. Then, the visual acuity is determined by the control means 11 from the size of the character at this time. Further, this character "A" may be changed to another character, this measurement may be repeated 2-3 times, and the visual acuity may be determined from the average of these. In this way, the visual acuity measurement can be performed in a very short time.

FIG. 4 shows an optotype in the case of oblique measurement. One of the horopters 1L and 1R has a Maddox rod, and the optotype has a red point P at the center as shown in (a). The shutters 3L and 3R are opened for both eyes so that they can be seen simultaneously by both eyes.
On the side with the Maddox rod, the image extends vertically, and a vertical band B can be seen as shown in (b), but when a person with an oblique view sees a red point P as shown in Fig. 4 (c). Since the band B appears to be deviated, the subject S adjusts the rotating prisms 2L and 2R with the switch of the response means 11 so as to eliminate this shift. As shown in (d), the control means 11 determines the degree of eccentricity according to the prismatic degree of the overlapping position, and displays it on an appropriate display means such as a printer (not shown). Therefore,
Since the examiner does not need to adjust the prism degree while seeking a response from the subject S, the measurement can be performed in a very short time.

In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the left and right eyes alternately distinguish the target images by using the polarized light, but red and green filters may be arranged in the left and right eyes without using the polarized light. In this case, the liquid crystal plate 5 is used for color display and has a red or green pattern when presented to only one eye, and a white pattern when presented to both eyes. For example, in the case of FIG.
When a white dot pattern is generated, point P and band B appear red and green, respectively.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the second embodiment. In the optical path in front of the eye E to be inspected, a cross cylinder lens 21 composed of two identical cylindrical lenses, and the pupil of the eye E to be inspected as the front focus position. The lens 22 and the liquid crystal plate 23, which serves as a target as in FIG. 1, are sequentially arranged. Cross cylinder lens 2
1 and the liquid crystal plate 23 are moved, the horopter 1 of FIG.
Similar to L and 1R, the spherical cylindrical lens power and the cylindrical angle can be changed. Driving means 24 for moving the liquid crystal plate 23 along the optical axis is connected to the liquid crystal plate 23, and driving means 25 is connected to the cross cylinder lens 21. These drive means 24, 25
The response means 26 similar to that of FIG. 1 is electrically connected to the control means 27. The control means 27 has a built-in symbol generator for generating a pattern on the liquid crystal plate 23, like the control means 11 of FIG.

The control means 27 displays the optotype pattern generated by the symbol generator on the liquid crystal plate 23, and the eye E to be examined crosses the optotype pattern of the liquid crystal plate 23 to the cross cylinder lens 21,
Observing through the lens 22, the driving means 25 is driven to move the liquid crystal plate 23 to adjust the diopter. Since the pupil position of the eye E to be inspected and the front focus position of the lens 22 are matched,
The apparent size of the target does not change with diopter.

[0039]

As described above, the optometry apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention controls the stripe pattern diopter to be presented next based on the diopter of the stripe pattern when the subject responds. Accurate optometry measurement can be performed in time, and subjective optometry can be performed without specialized knowledge.

Further, in the eye examination apparatus according to the second aspect of the present invention, the position of the optotype does not move even if eye examination is performed at a plurality of distances by adjusting the prism power and the lens power to change the apparent distance. The device has a simple structure.

The optometry apparatus according to the third invention presents different optotype patterns for the left and right eyes, and the subject can measure the oblique position by changing the prism power by the response means. The work of adjusting the prism power according to the person's response becomes unnecessary, and the visual acuity can be easily measured in a short time.

In the eye examination apparatus according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the character optotype is presented while gradually increasing, and the visual acuity can be determined from the character optotype of the size to which the examinee responds. The visual acuity can be measured and the measuring time can be shortened.

The optometry apparatus according to the fifth aspect of the invention presents the optotype while changing the diopter of the optotype means, and determines the diopter of the next optotype based on the diopter at the time of response, which is extremely simple. The configuration allows automatic visual acuity measurement.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a striped pattern optotype.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a visual target for measuring visual acuity.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of an oblique target.

FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of a second embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1L, 1R Holopter 2L, 2R Rotating prism 3L, 3R Liquid crystal shutter 4 Lens 5,23 Liquid crystal plate 7 Peripheral target 9,26 Responsive means 11,27 Control means 12 Symbol generator 21 Cross cylinder lens

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A target diopter variable means including astigmatism, a target for displaying a stripe pattern in at least three meridian directions with variable stripe intervals, a subject responding means, and the diopter for changing the diopter. While having a control means for changing the diopter of the optotype by the optotype diopter varying means according to the optotype diopter responded by the subject to each of the stripe patterns when presented. Optometry device. 2. A target provided at a predetermined distance from the eye to be inspected,
An optometry apparatus comprising: a prism dioptric power varying means and a lens dioptric power varying means, wherein these two varying means are adjusted so that the optotype can be presented at a plurality of apparent distances. 3. A prism dioptric power varying means, an optotype means for presenting different patterns to the left and right eyes, and a subject responding means,
An optometry apparatus comprising: a control unit that controls the prism power of the prism power changing unit by the response unit. 4. An optotype means for changing the size of the character optotype, a subject response means, and a control means for determining visual acuity from the size of the character optotype at the time of response. Optometry device. 5. A diopter-variable optotype means, a subject responding means, and a next presented optotype based on the diopter of the optotype presenting a response while changing the diopter. An optometry device characterized by determining diopter.