JPH0836383A - Electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide an electronic musical instrument in which a legato performance is automatically simulated by providing an interval measuring means and a level control means. CONSTITUTION:Prescribed time interval data A are beforehand set to discriminate whether a legato performance is to be simulated or not. For a normal performance condition i.e., [key on time interval T > a prescribed value A] envelopes of the sounds of musical instruments and breathing have respective levels and shapes and breathing sounds are outputted only at the time of the start of sounds (key on). When the hitting key interval of a keyboard is played shorter than the value A, the breathing sound envelope becomes smaller. Since the envelope of a musical instrument sound is a same level, the outputted musical sound signals have less conspicuous gaps between sounds and signals of musical sounds, in which sounds are continuous and only high pitch sounds are varied, i.e., legato performance musical sound signals are generated.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument, and more particularly to an electronic musical instrument capable of automatically simulating a legato performance of a wind instrument.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In conventional electronic musical instruments, there has been a system in which a plurality of musical tone component signals are simultaneously generated and combined to generate one musical tone signal. Musical tone component signals of wind instruments are, for example, mainly divided into instrumental component tones consisting of integer overtones and breath component tones consisting of non-integer overtones. The timbre was changed by changing the level and envelope, and changing the mixing ratio of each tone component sound.

[0003]

When playing a wind instrument such as a trumpet, a sax or a shakuhachi, there is a case where a legato performance is performed by keeping the breath and changing the pitch while playing a fast phrase. However, the conventional electronic musical instrument as described above does not have a function of automatically simulating the legato performance, and when simulating the legato performance, it is necessary to operate the switch or the wheel each time during the performance. There was a problem. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an electronic musical instrument capable of improving the above-mentioned problems of the conventional technique and automatically simulating a legato performance.

[0004]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides an interval measurement for measuring the time interval of keystrokes in an electronic musical instrument which synthesizes musical tone component signals generated from a plurality of musical tone generating channels at the same time to generate one musical tone signal. Means and level control means for changing either the output level of at least one tone generation channel or the envelope parameter according to the output of the interval measuring means.

[0005]

According to the present invention, the time interval between keystrokes is measured by the means as described above, and at least 1 is determined based on the measurement result.
Since the output level or envelope of one tone generation channel is changed, the mixing ratio of the tone component signals output from each generation channel changes according to the measured time interval, and thus the tone color changes. Since a legato performance on a wind instrument usually has a very short sounding interval, if the above configuration is applied to the tone color of a wind instrument, it is possible to change the tone color only during legato performance to a tone different from other performances, simulating the legato performance of a wind instrument. You can

[0006]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an electronic musical instrument to which the present invention is applied. The CPU 1 is a central processing unit that controls the entire electronic musical instrument, such as scanning keys and switches, assigning keys, and controlling sound generation, based on programs stored in the ROM 3. The CPU 1 is connected with a timer circuit 2 which issues a timer interrupt to the CPU 1 at a set predetermined cycle. The ROM 3 stores control programs, tone color parameters, and the like. The RAM 4 is used as a work area, and is provided with an area for storing tone color parameters set from the panel and various control tables. In addition, it is configured to be backed up by a battery so that the set information can be retained even when the main power is turned off.

The keyboard 5 comprises, for example, a keyboard composed of a plurality of keys each having two switches, and a circuit for scanning the state of each switch. Panel 6 is
It has a display device for displaying characters and figures by various selection switches for tone color, volume, liquid crystal, LED and the like. The tone generation circuit 7, which will be described in detail later, generates a tone signal by reading tone waveforms from the waveform memory 8 at address intervals proportional to the pitch. However, actually, for example, there are 32 channels), and an adder 1 for adding and synthesizing the output signals of the respective tone generation channels.
7 is provided.

The waveform memory 8 stores a plurality of component waveforms of the musical tone for each tone color for at least one fundamental period or more. For example, in the case of a wind instrument, the component waveforms are the original instrument sound component waveforms. And the breath sound component waveform of the performer are stored. The D / A converter 9 D / A converts the digital tone signal, and the amplifier 10 amplifies the tone signal to drive the speaker 11. The bus 12 connects each circuit in the electronic musical instrument. In addition to this, a MIDI interface circuit, a floppy disk interface circuit, a memory card interface circuit, or the like may be provided as necessary.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the tone generation channel 15 or 16 of the tone generation circuit 7. D
The CO 20 sequentially generates waveform read addresses by accumulating parameters (waveform read address interval information from the waveform memory 8) corresponding to frequencies to be sounded set by the CPU. The waveform data (tone signal) read from the waveform memory 8 according to this address is DC
A desired filtering process is performed by F21.
The adder 22 multiplies the output signal of the DCF 21 and the output envelope signal of the envelope signal generation circuit 23, and outputs a tone signal. The envelope signal generation circuit 2
In 3, the target level and speed (rate of change) parameters for each phase of the envelope such as attack, decay, sustain, etc. are set in the CPU 1 based on the tone color and touch information.
The envelope signal generating circuit 23 generates an envelope signal based on this parameter. In the present invention, this parameter is changed according to the time interval of keystroke.

FIG. 1 is a waveform diagram showing an envelope waveform of each tone component signal when a tone color of a wind instrument is produced by an electronic musical instrument to which the present invention is applied. In this embodiment, the musical tone waveform data of the wind instrument is separately stored into an original musical instrument sound component waveform mainly consisting of integer overtones and a player's breath sound component waveform consisting of non-integer overtones. Then, predetermined time interval data A for determining whether to simulate a legato performance is set in advance. FIG.
In a normal playing state as shown in (a), that is, [key-on time interval T> predetermined value A], the envelopes of the musical instrument sound and the breath sound have levels and shapes as shown in the figure, respectively. Sound is output only at the start of sounding (key-on). Here, as shown in FIG. 1B, when the keystroke interval of the keyboard is played shorter than a predetermined value A, the envelope of the breath sound becomes small as shown in the figure. Since the envelope of the musical instrument sound has the same level, the musical tone signal output has a gap between the pronunciations as shown in FIG.
A musical tone that is less noticeable than that in the case of (a) and whose pitch is continuously changed, that is, a musical tone signal of a legato performance is generated.

FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing the main processing in the electronic musical instrument to which the present invention is applied. When the power of the electronic musical instrument is turned on, the contents of the memory and registers in the device are initialized in step S1. Step S
In 2, it is determined whether or not a key event, that is, a key-on or key-off switch state change of each key of the keyboard has occurred. If the result is affirmative, the process proceeds to step S3. In step S3, it is determined whether or not the event is key-on. If the result is affirmative, the process proceeds to step S5, but if the event is negative, the process proceeds to step S4. In step S4, the attenuation process (transition to the release phase) and the channel release process of the corresponding sound generation channel are performed.

If the event is a key-on event, the process proceeds to step S5, and in step S5, key assignment processing is performed. Various methods have been proposed as key assignment processing, and any method can be adopted in the present invention, so a detailed description thereof will be omitted, but for one key-on, for example, a musical instrument component sound and a breath component 2 for sound
Allocate one channel each. In step S6, it is determined whether or not the timer value stored in the predetermined area of the RAM is equal to or greater than the predetermined value (A). If the timer value is greater than or equal to the predetermined value, the process proceeds to step S8. Control goes to step S7. In step S7,
In step S5, the envelope parameter (target level value of each phase) or output level information for controlling the sound generation channel assigned to the breath component sound is set to be smaller than that in the normal case (value in step S8). In step S8, a normal value corresponding to the timbre is set as the envelope parameter or level information.

In step S9, the timer value referred to in step S6 is reset (set to 0) and restarted. In step S10, it is determined whether or not there has been a panel event, that is, a change in the state of a switch or the like on the panel. If the result is affirmative, the process proceeds to step S11, and the corresponding panel processing is performed. In step S12, other processing, such as MIDI processing, automatic performance processing, musical tone signal generation circuit control processing (parameter updating processing based on various effect addition instructions), and the like are performed.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the timer interrupt processing. The CPU 1 uses the timer 2 as described above.
Receives an interrupt signal at a constant cycle. Step S2
At 0, a constant value is added to the timer value stored in the predetermined area of the RAM. This constant value is determined by the interrupt period of the timer or the unit of the predetermined value A. For example, the interrupt period is 10 milliseconds, and the minimum unit (digit) of the predetermined value A and the timer value is 1 millisecond. For example, the constant value is "10". (For the interrupt processing, only the processing relevant to the present invention is shown.) With the above processing, when the key-on time interval is equal to or less than the predetermined value, the breath component sound output only at the start of sound generation. By lowering the level of than usual, you can automatically simulate legato performance.

Next, another embodiment will be described. First
In the embodiment of the above, an example of switching to the legato playing mode when the keystroke interval is smaller than a predetermined value is disclosed,
In the second embodiment, by referring to the table, the keystroke interval value is converted into the envelope parameter of the breath component sound or the attenuation rate data of the level, so that the timbre changes continuously according to the keystroke interval. FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the main part of the second embodiment. In the second embodiment, step S in the flowchart shown in FIG.
Steps S30 to 32 in FIG. 6 are executed instead of 6 to 8.

In step S30, the timer value is converted into breath component sound level information (attenuation rate information) with reference to the timer value level conversion table. This table has
For example, attenuation rate data for a normal level (for example, 30% (0.3) for a timer value of 100 milliseconds to 200 milliseconds) is registered for each predetermined range of timer values.
In step S31, the level of the breath component sound is further corrected by the touch information. In step S32, the corrected parameters are set in the tone generation circuit to start the sound generation.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the contents of the conversion table in the second embodiment. As shown in the figure,
When the keystroke interval T is larger than a predetermined value, the level is a normal level, and when T is smaller than a certain value, the curve attenuates toward 0 (or a predetermined value). Any change characteristic can be realized by using the table, and the value actually set in the table may be determined by an experiment or the like so as to be as close as possible to the actual timbre change.

Although the embodiment has been described above, the following modifications are also possible. Although the example in which the timbre is changed according to the time interval between key-on is disclosed in the embodiment, the time interval between the key-off of the previous sound and the key-on of the next sound is measured, and the level of the breath component sound is controlled by this interval. You may Further, the level of the breath component sound may be controlled by the interval between the key-on and the key-on time of the previous sound or the ratio of the time interval between the key-off of the previous sound and the key-on of the next sound. According to such a method, even if the keystroke interval is short, the legato tone is not produced when the key-on time for one keystroke is short, and the key-on time is long (the key-off time is very short even if the key-stroke interval is long). Or 0), it can be a legato tone. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is applicable not only to simulating a legato performance of a wind instrument, but also to any timbre as an effect addition function,
As the predetermined value A for judgment, an optimum value may be stored for each timbre, or an arbitrary value may be set from the panel.

In the embodiment, the example in which the two component sounds of the breath sound and the instrument sound are used as the component sounds of the wind instrument is disclosed. However, the musical sound is divided into three or more component sounds and the waveform is stored, and The level of one or more of the component tones may be controlled according to the scheme of the present invention. Although the example of the waveform reading method is disclosed as the tone generation method, the present invention can be directly applied to the sine synthesis method as well, if each harmonic generation function is regarded as the tone generation channel of the above-described embodiment. is there. That is, in the sine synthesis method, when the keystroke interval is short, the envelope or level of the harmonic corresponding to the breath sound component may be attenuated.

[0020]

As described above, according to the electronic musical instrument of the present invention, the time interval between keystrokes is measured, and the output level or envelope of at least one tone generation channel is changed based on the measurement result. Depending on the measured time interval, the mixing ratio of the tone component signals output from each generation channel changes, and thus the timbre changes. If the above-mentioned configuration is applied to the breath component sound of the wind instrument, there is an effect that only the legato performance can be changed to a tone color different from other performances, and the legato performance of the wind instrument can be simulated.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a waveform diagram showing an envelope waveform of each tone component signal when a tone color of a wind instrument is produced by an electronic musical instrument to which the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an electronic musical instrument to which the present invention is applied.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a tone generation channel.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a main process to which the present invention is applied.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing timer interrupt processing.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a main part of the second embodiment.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of contents of a conversion table according to a second embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... CPU, 2 ... Timer, 3 ... ROM, 4 ... RAM, 5
... keyboard, 6 ... panel, 7 ... tone generation circuit, 8 ... waveform memory, 9 ... D / A converter, 10 ... amplifier, 11 ... speaker, 12 ... bus

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. An electronic musical instrument which simultaneously synthesizes musical tone component signals generated from a plurality of musical tone generating channels to generate one musical tone signal, in accordance with an interval measuring means for measuring a time interval of keystroke, and an output of the interval measuring means. , And a level control means for changing either the output level of at least one tone generation channel or the envelope parameter. 2. At least one of the tone component signals is a breath tone component signal, and the level control means is assigned to generate a breath tone component signal according to the output of the interval measuring means. 2. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein one of the output level and the envelope of the tone generation channel is reduced. 3. At least one of the musical tone component signals is a component signal of a wind instrument sound, and at least one of the other musical tone component signals is a component signal of a breath sound of a wind instrument. When the time interval is less than or equal to a predetermined value, the level control means reduces one of the output level and the envelope of the tone generation channel assigned to the generation of the component signal of the breath sound of the wind instrument. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 2, wherein: