JPH083335B2 - Shaft coupling - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a shaft coupling, particularly a tractor, which is composed of a male member and a female member which are axially slidable but fitted so as not to rotate relative to each other. The present invention relates to a shaft coupling that connects an agricultural machine and a farming machine.

[Conventional technology]

In this type of shaft coupling, one of the male and female members is provided on the tractor and the other member is provided on the agricultural equipment, and the male member and the female member are movably suspended from the elevating arms.

When connecting the male member and the female member, the male member is inserted into the female member for connection, but conventionally, in order to eliminate the mismatched state and connect the both members, one of the male and female members is joined along the long spiral groove. Since the member is rotated with respect to the other member, this type of shaft coupling has a drawback that the entire structure is large.

Therefore, in order to solve this problem, a guide for the male member for slidably housed in the center hole of the male member and having a claw at the tip for rotating around the axis when sliding in the male member A guide shaft having a spiral groove formed along the pin, a spring for pressing the guide shaft to the outside of the male member, and a protrusion for determining the phase of the male member are provided on the male member, and the guide is provided. A collar having a groove for accommodating the pawl of the shaft and fitted in a hole of the female member for accommodating the male member, a spring for pressing the collar outward of the female member, and a positioning member for positioning the female member. There has been proposed a shaft coupling provided in a member for fitting a concave portion and a concave portion.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

Although the shaft joint was considerably simpler and more compact than the conventional one, the number of parts cannot be reduced sufficiently because the female member is provided with the collar, and therefore the structure is not always simple. However, it was difficult to process.

Further, the combination of the nail and the collar has a drawback that the nail is relatively thin and is easily damaged.

The present invention is intended to provide a shaft coupling having a stronger structure which is simpler and less likely to be damaged by using a means instead of the combination of the claw and the collar.

[Means and Actions for Solving Problems]

The shaft coupling of the present invention is a shaft coupling comprising a male member and a female member which are slidable in the axial direction but are fitted so as not to rotate relative to each other, wherein the male member slides in a center hole thereof. A spiral lead along the guide member of the male member which is freely received and which has a phasing projection or groove on the enlarged head and which rotates about an axis when sliding within the male member. A guide shaft having a groove and a spring for pressing the guide shaft to the outside of the male member are provided.

According to the present invention, the phasing projection or groove of the guide shaft head cooperates with the female member to rotate the guide shaft around the axis to align with the female member, and the male member and the female member are combined. You can do it.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, the case where the present invention is applied to a 180 ° symmetrical one such as a cardan joint will be described, but it goes without saying that the present invention can be applied to other than that.

First Embodiment A male member 10 shown on the right side of FIG. 1 includes a spline shaft 11 having a hollow front half in which a yoke is fitted and fixed. A cylindrical cover 20 is rotatably supported on the rear end yoke of the spline shaft 11 via a bearing 21 concentrically with the spline shaft 11. The spline shaft 11 is provided with a phasing protrusion 13 which is formed without cutting one tooth between the splines. That is, the width of this phase determining protrusion 13 is a spline.
It is about 3 times as wide as one of 12 teeth. A guide shaft 15 is slidably inserted into a center hole 22 at the tip of the spline shaft 11, and a head portion 16 having a substantially conical shape is provided at the tip of the guide shaft 15, and the head portion 16 is surrounded by a hem. Are splines 17 of the same size as the splines 12 and the phasing protrusions 13, respectively.
And a phasing protrusion 18 is provided. In addition, a spiral lead groove is formed on the outer periphery of the guide shaft 15 in the longitudinal direction.
19 are formed. The groove 19 is provided with a guide ball 14 as a guide member protruding inward from a hole 14A provided in the front portion of the spline 12 of the spline shaft 11, which engages with the lead groove 19. The movement of the guide shaft 15 is regulated.

The male member 10 is the hanging arm 2 provided at the rear end of the cover.
And the wire 24 is used to suspend the tractor (not shown).

A spring 25 is inserted into the center hole 22 of the spline shaft 11 of the male member, and the guide shaft 15 is always pushed outward. Guide shaft 15
When the spring is pressed against the spring 25, the guide shaft 15 rotates around its axis in cooperation with the lead shaft 19 and the guide ball 14, and the phasing projection 18 of the head 16 is aligned with the phase of the spline shaft 11. It can be rotated by a desired angle with respect to the fixing protrusion 13.

On the other hand, the female member 30 has a hollow spline shaft 31 integrally provided with a yoke at one end and a spline 32 formed on the inner peripheral surface, and the tip of the spline shaft 11 is provided at two diametrically opposed positions on the inner peripheral surface. A groove 33 is provided which is approximately three times wider than one tooth space between the splines cooperating with the phasing projections 18 provided on the head 16. In the case of this embodiment, since the transmission of the rotational torque is carried out via the two universal joints on both sides,
Due to the inherent synchronism (constant speed) of the universal joint, the joint yokes must have the same phase, and therefore 180 degrees of phase alignment is required.

Around the spline shaft 31, a cylindrical cover 34 is rotatably attached to the spline shaft 31 concentrically with the spline shaft 31 via a bearing 35. The cover 34 is a suspension arm 36 and wires.
Use 37 to hang it from agricultural equipment not shown.

Hereinafter, the connecting operation of the shaft coupling of the present invention will be described. The male member 10 and the female member 30 of the joint are attached to, for example, a tractor and an agricultural machine, respectively.

(I) Dissociated state In the dissociated state shown in FIG. 1, the male member 10 and the female member 30 are shown.
And are usually out of phase as shown in FIGS. Based on the male member 10, the female member 30 is offset by an angle α. That is, the relative phase difference between the male member and the female member is α. Incidentally, since a pair of phase determining grooves 33 are provided, α is naturally 180 ° or less.

In this state, as described above, the phase of the phase determining protrusion 13 of the spline shaft 11 of the male member and the phase determining protrusion 18 of the head 16 of the guide shaft 15 are the same as those of the guide ball 14 and the spiral lead groove 19. It is in agreement by the action.

The guide shaft 15 is a spring provided between the guide shaft 15 and the spline shaft 11.
Although it tends to be pushed outward by 25, the guide ball 14 is stopped at the position shown in the figure because the guide ball 14 engages with the end of the spiral lead groove 19 so that the movement thereof is restricted in the axial direction. .

Of course, the connection between the male member and the female member is not limited to the spline, that is, all shapes other than the circular shape can be used, but in this embodiment, the spline is used for convenience. Further, since the phase determining projection 13 on the spline shaft 11 can define the phase of both members by the phase determining groove 33 of the spline shaft 32 and the phase determining projection 18 of the head 16 as described below, it is not always necessary. Although it is not necessary to provide it, description will be given here as being provided for convenience.

(II) Exploring state Move the female member 30 to the right in FIG.
The spline shaft 31 of the member 10 for fitting the distal end head 16 of the guide shaft 15 of
The guide surface 38, which is shaped like a trapezoid, is provided on the end surface of the and is pressed against the guide surface 38. At this time, if the male member 10 and the female member 30 are in phase with each other, they can be directly inserted without any problem.
Normally, since they do not coincide with each other, the phasing projection 18 of the head 16 collides with the end surface of the spline 32 of the spline shaft 31, and the male member and the female member cannot come closer to each other.

When the female member 30 is moved further to the right, the guide shaft 15 of the male member 10 is restricted from engaging with the guide ball 14 and the spiral lead groove 19, so that the guide shaft 15 rotates about the axis. Move further to the right. Ie spline axis
11 It is retracted against the action of the spring 25 provided in the central hole 22 at the inner tip. Then, as shown in FIG. 2, the guide shaft 15
However, when the lead groove 19 and the guide ball 14 guide the ball, the spline shaft 31 of the female member 30 is rotated by the relative phase angle α.
The spline 32 and the groove 33 provided in the head receive the phase determining protrusion 18 and the spline 17 provided on the head 16 at the tip of the guide shaft 15.

At this time, the phase of the spline shaft 11 of the male member 10 and the phase of the spline shaft 31 of the female member have not yet matched.

(III) Phase matching state In the state shown in FIG. 2, the phase determining projection 18 and the spline 17 of the guide shaft 15 of the male member 10 and the spline 32 of the spline shaft 31 of the female member 30 and the phase determining groove 33 are in phase. I am doing it. Therefore, the guide shaft 15 is slidable in the spline 32 in the axial direction.

Then, the guide shaft 15 is pushed outward by the action of the spring 25 provided in the hole of the spline shaft 11, and moves to the left in the spline 32.

At this time, the guide shaft 15 moves in the spline 32 while rotating by the action of the guide ball 14 and the lead groove 19, that is, returning in the opposite direction by the phase angle α. Then, the spline shaft 31 of the member 30 that partially engages with the guide shaft 15 also returns by the phase angle α together with the guide shaft 15 and enters the alignment state shown in FIG. (The above description is based on the male member as a reference, and when the spline shaft 11 does not rotate relatively, the female member rotates by the phase angle α with respect to the cover 34.) (IV) Connection state When the guide shaft 15 of the male member 10 and the spline 32 of the female member 30 in FIG. 3 are in phase with each other, the female member 30 can be further pushed into the spline shaft 11 of the male member 10 to guide the guide shaft 15 and the male member 10. Since the phases of 11 and 11 are the same as in FIG. 1, the splines 32 of the female member 30 and the splines 12 of the male member 10 are in phase, and the male member 10 and the female member 30 are completely in phase. Can be combined with.

Therefore, the male member and the female member are in a state of being elastically coupled to each other, and the driving work can be performed. FIG. 4 shows the case where the male member and the female member are coupled to each other most deeply, in which case the head 16 of the guide shaft 15 and the female member 30.
And it passes through the rear end of the spline shaft and becomes free.

Second Embodiment The above is the description of the first embodiment of the present invention, but the portion where the coupling between the spline shaft 11 of the male member and the spline 32 of the female member overlaps (laps or overlaps) is spread over a sufficiently long region. In order to mesh, in order to transmit rotational torque such as the tip of the guide shaft 15, the spline 17 for phase matching, and the phase determining projection 18, it is preferable to form a portion unrelated to the superposition of splines as shown in FIG. can get. That is, the length of the spline shaft 11 of the male member 10 is extended so that the male member in the female member 30 can be moved further to the left than in the state shown in FIG. At this time, the length of the spline 32 of the female member remains the same. That is, the right end of the female member 30 and the male member 10 have not yet collided. If you move the female member to the right,
The tip of the head 16 of the guide shaft 15 hits the stopper 39 provided on the cross joint 38. Then, when the female member 30 is further moved to the right, the guide shaft 15 provided on the male member 10 is restricted by the guide ball 14 and the spiral lead groove 19, so that the male member 30 further moves to the right while rotating. That is, the guide shaft 15 retracts against the force of the spring 25 provided in the hole of the spline shaft 11.

Incidentally, the spline 32 of the spline shaft 31 of the female member 30 does not extend over the entire length of the spline shaft 31, and as shown in FIG. 5, a round hole having a diameter slightly larger than the spline 17 of the guide shaft 15 from the middle.
40, the guide shaft 15 can freely rotate with respect to the spline shaft 11 within the round hole 40. Then, the guide shaft 15 abuts on the tip of the spline shaft 11 after rotating by a rotation angle of 180 degrees.

Comparing the shaft joint of FIG. 4 and the shaft joint of FIG. 5, the spline shaft 11 of the male member 10 and the spline 32 of the female member are coupled by the length of the spline shaft 11 of the male member 10. The overlapped portion is increased, and the one shown in FIG. 5 has a more preferable result for transmitting the rotational torque than the one shown in FIG. Further, since the end of the hole of the female member is a round hole, the spline can be easily processed.

Incidentally, in the above embodiments, the coupling of the shaft coupling is made by splines, but the coupling of the shafts is not limited to splines, and for example, the shafts may be elliptical, lemon-shaped, rectangular, various polygonal shapes, etc. Can have a cross-section.

Further, although the phase determining protrusion and the groove are used to match the phases when the splines are coupled, they may be provided opposite to each other. For example, as shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, a positioning projection 33 'is provided on a part of the spline 32' of the spline shaft 31 ', while the positioning projection 33' is provided on the spline shaft 11 (or the head).
A groove 13 '(or 18') can be provided in a part of the spline 12 '(or spline 17') of 16 ').

[Brief description of drawings]

1A to 1D are side cross-sectional views in a dissociated position of a first embodiment of the joint of the present invention and side views thereof in the X and Y directions. 2A to 2C are views similar to FIG. 1 at the start of coupling of both joint portions. FIGS. 3a to 3c show the second joint member in the aligned state.
The same figure as the figure. FIG. 4 is a side sectional view showing a combined state of both joint members. FIG. 5 is a side sectional view showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is an end view showing a modified spline connection. 10 …… Male member, 11 …… Spline shaft, 12 …… Spline, 13 …… Phase for determining phase, 14 …… Guide ball, 14A…
… Hole for guide ball, 15 …… Guide shaft, 16 …… Head, 17
...... Spline, 18 …… Phase for determining phase, 19 …… Lead groove, 20 …… Cylindrical cover, 21 …… Bearing, 22 …… Center hole,
23 …… Suspending arm, 24 …… Wire, 25 …… Spring, 30
...... Female member, 31 ...... Hollow spline shaft, 32 ...... Spline, 33 ...... Groove, 34 ...... Cover, 35 ...... Bearing, 36 ...... Suspension arm, 37 ...... Wire, 38 ...... Cross Jyo Int, 39 ... Stopper, 40 ... Round hole, 11 '(or 16')
... Spline shaft (or head), 12 '(or 17')
...... Spline, 13 '(or 18') ...... Groove, 31 .......
Shaft, 32 '... Spline, 33' ... Positioning protrusion, 38 ...
... Lappa-shaped guide surface

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A shaft joint comprising a male member and a female member which are axially slidable but fitted so as not to rotate relative to each other, wherein the male member (10) has a central hole (22). A head with an enlarged tip (1
The guide member (14) of the male member (10) has a phasing projection (18) or groove (18 ') on the male screw member (6) and rotates about an axis when sliding in the male member (10). ), A guide shaft (15) having a spiral lead groove (19) formed therein, and a spring (2) for pressing the guide shaft (15) outward of the male member.
5) and a phasing projection (1) of the guide shaft head (16).
8) or the groove (18 ') cooperates with the female member (30) to rotate the guide shaft (15) around the axis to align with the female member so that the male member and the female member can be coupled. Shaft coupling characterized by