JPH08322791A - Optometric apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To achieve a naked eye visual acuitys inspection and an anterior ocular mirror visual acuity inspection efficiently by determining a naked eye visual acuity value forecast based on an object measurement data inputted by an input means to present a target having a visual acuitys value determined based on a forecast visual acuity value obtained at the start of the naked eye visual acuity inspection. CONSTITUTION: An optometric table 1 is provided with a paper of right and left lens units 10 having various optical elements arranged on an optometric window 11 and a subjective type refractivity measuring device 2 having a hanging part 12 housing a slide mechanism for moving the lens units 10 horizontally. An objective type eye refractivity measuring device 3 is provided to measure an eye refractivity by projecting an indicator for measurement on the eyegrounds of eyes to be inspected to detect a projection indicator image of the eyegrounds. With such an arrangement, a forecast visual acuity value is obtained based on an objective value data to start inspection by presenting the forecast visual acuity value on the target thereby enabling inspection in a period shorter as compared with that when a visual acuity inspection is started using a visual acuity value target set far apart.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an optometry apparatus for examining the refractive power of an eye to be examined.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In optometry for prescribing spectacle lenses and contact lenses for correcting refractive error of the subject's eye,
Usually, the eyesight of the subject and the visual acuity of the front spectacles are examined prior to the subjective eye examination. The test is performed by showing the test target for each of the right eye, the left eye, and both eyes, and whether or not the test target can be read. Conventionally, the inspection target is presented by asking the subject how the target looks, or by giving a guideline for the visual acuity target to be presented first,
It was usual to start with an appropriate value.

[0003]

However, if the visual acuity target presented at the beginning of the examination is far from the original naked eye visual acuity value or the visual acuity value of the front glasses, the presenting visual target is changed or the subject is examined. There is a problem that the inspection time becomes long because it is necessary to repeatedly confirm the interpretation. If the examination time is prolonged, the fatigue of the examinee and the examiner also increases. Moreover, when advancing the examinations of the right eye, the left eye, and both eyes, if the same visual target was presented many times, it was easy for the subject to remember, and it was not always possible to obtain accurate examination results. In view of the above problems, it is a technical object of the present invention to provide an optometry apparatus capable of performing a naked-eye visual acuity test and a front eyeglass visual acuity test efficiently and accurately.

[0004]

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is characterized by having the following configuration. (1) Input means for inputting objective measurement data obtained by objectively measuring the refractive power of an eye to be examined in an eye examination apparatus which presents an examination target with an optotype presenting device to inspect the refractive power of the eye to be examined. A visual acuity value predicting means for obtaining the naked eye visual acuity value predicted based on the input objective measurement data, and a visual acuity value determined based on the predicted visual acuity value obtained by the visual acuity value predicting means. Presenting means for presenting the target at the time of starting the naked-eye visual acuity test.

(2) The visual acuity value predicting means of (1) is characterized in that it has a table of visual acuity values corresponding to the spherical power to be applied when the objective measurement data is myopia.

(3) The visual acuity value predicting means of (1) is characterized in that it has a table corresponding to the age and spherical power of the subject to be applied when the objective measurement data is hyperopia. And

(4) The visual acuity value predicting means of either (2) or (3) further comprises astigmatism processing means for converting the astigmatic power into spherical power when the objective measurement data has astigmatism. Characterize.

(5) The optometry apparatus according to (1) has a designating means for designating and inputting an examination eye, and the control means changes the optotype of the expected visual acuity value presented by the designated examination eye. It is characterized by including.

(6) The target change means of (5) is a mask means for changing the position of the target by masking.

(7) In the optometry apparatus according to (5), the control means presents an optotype having a higher visual acuity value obtained by a naked-eye visual acuity test for the left and right eyes when both eyes are designated.

(8) In an optometry apparatus for presenting an examination index by an optotype presenting apparatus to inspect the refractive power of an eye to be examined, objective measurement data and objective data for objectively measuring the refractive power of the eye to be examined. Input means for inputting eyeglass data, visual acuity value predicting means for obtaining a visual acuity value predicted based on the residual dioptric power obtained from comparison of both data, and visual acuity value obtained at the time of the anterior eyeglass visual acuity test. A control means for causing the optotype presenting device to present the optotype to start the examination.

(9) In the optometry apparatus according to (8), when the obtained visual acuity value is lower than the naked eye visual acuity, the control means presents the visual acuity index of the naked eye visual acuity to the optotype presenting apparatus to start the examination. It is characterized by having a means for making it.

[0013]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an external view showing the overall configuration of an optometry apparatus as an embodiment. Reference numeral 1 denotes an optometry table arranged between examinees. Reference numeral 2 denotes a subjective-type refractive power measuring device. The subjective-type refractive power measuring device 2 is a pair of left and right lens units 10 for electrically switching and arranging various optical elements on an eye examination window 11.
And, in order to match the distance between the optical axes of the optical systems arranged in the left and right optometry windows 11 to the position of the pupil of the subject, a suspension mechanism that hangs the left and right lens units 10 and moves the lens units 10 in the left and right directions is stored. The lowering part 12 is provided. Reference numeral 3 denotes an objective-type eye refractive power measuring device which measures the eye refractive power based on the fact that the measurement index is projected onto the fundus of the eye to be examined and the projected index image of the fundus is detected by the light receiving means. Further, the objective eye refractive power measuring device 3 determines the interpupillary distance based on the amount of movement when the measuring unit having the measuring optical system is moved from the alignment completed state of one eye to the alignment completed state of the other eye. It has the function to get. The objective eye refracting power measuring device 3 is placed on a movable tray that can slide on the optometry table 1, and the optometry table is used in the objective test prior to the subjective optometry.
Slide to the center of Bull 1 to perform measurement. Four
Is a projection-type optotype presenting apparatus for presenting an examination optotype. 5
Is a controller for operating the subjective refractive power measuring device 2 and the projection optotype presenting device 4, and 6 is a relay unit for relaying communication between the devices.

FIG. 2 is a view of the controller 5 as viewed from above. Reference numeral 30 is a display for displaying optometry information, and a dot matrix screen is used on the display 30 so that various information can be switched and displayed. 31 is a switch unit, and the switch unit 31 has a display 30.
Menu switch 32 for switching the display screen of the menu screen to the menu screen, and moving the cursor displayed on the display screen 2
One cursor movement switch 33, execution switch 34, auxiliary lens switch group 35 for driving the optical system of the subjective refractive power tester 2, measurement mode changeover switch group 36, measurement eye designating switch group 37, for inputting numerical values. An input switch group 38 having switches and knob switches to be used, a shift switch 39 used in combination with other switches, an optotype switch group 40 for driving the optotype presenting apparatus 4, a start switch 41a for executing a programmed optometry. A program execution switch group 41 having a program feed switch 41b and the like,
A function switch group 42 corresponding to information displayed at a predetermined position below the screen of the display 30 and a switch group 43 for masking an optotype are arranged.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram for explaining the control of the apparatus. The switch signal from the switch unit 31 of the controller 5 is input to the microcomputer circuit 50 after being subjected to predetermined processing. The micro computer circuit 50 includes a memory 51 storing a control program such as an optometry program and a memory 52 storing objective value data and the like.
Are connected to the microcomputer 50, and the microcomputer circuit 50 converts the switch signal into various data based on the control program stored in the memory 51, controls the screen of the display 30 through the display circuit 53, and converts the signal. Is input to the micro computer circuit 55 of the relay unit 6. The micro-computer circuit 55 sends the data concerning the refractive power and the interpupillary distance to the subjective refractive power test device 2 and the data concerning the visual target to the visual target presenting device 4.

The micro-computer circuit 60 of the subjective-type refractive power inspection device 2 which has received the data regarding the refractive power from the micro-computer circuit 55 drives the motor 62 via the drive circuit 61, and weakens it. The spherical disk 63, the strong spherical disk 64, the auxiliary lens disk 65, the cross cylinder disk 66, etc. are rotated, and a predetermined optical system is arranged in the inspection window. Further, when the microcomputer circuit 60 receives a signal relating to the interpupillary distance, it drives the drive motor 24 via the drive circuit 67 to slide the lens unit 10.

The micro-computer circuit 70 of the optotype presenting apparatus 4 which receives the data regarding the optotypes from the micro-computer circuit 55 turns on the lamp 72 via the drive circuit 71 and also activates the drive circuit 73. The motor 74 is driven via the motor 74 to rotate the optotype disc 75 and the mask disc 76 on which the optotypes are drawn to project a predetermined examination optotype onto a screen (not shown) placed in front of the eye to be inspected. Microcomputer
The objective circuit 55 includes an objective eye-refractive-power measuring device 3 and lens
Data 9 is connected and the sent measurement data is stored in the memory 56.
To be stored. When a read command signal is input from the micro computer circuit 50 on the controller 5 side, the micro computer circuit 55 reads the specified measurement data from the memory 56 and transfers it to the controller 5 side. . 5
Reference numeral 7 is a printer for outputting measurement results, and 58 is a drive circuit thereof.

The operation of the apparatus having the above configuration will be described. Usually, the optometry is in the order of medical inquiry, preliminary examination (autonomous visual acuity measurement, anterior spectacle visual acuity measurement, etc.), objective examination, subjective examination, prescription value determination, but here is the procedure when executing the optometry program of this device. Based on the above, the operations of the characteristic naked-eye visual acuity test and the anterior spectacle visual acuity test of the present invention will be mainly described. When carrying out the optometry program of this apparatus, first, an objective test using the objective-type eye-refractive-power measuring device 3 is performed first. After that, an interview is conducted, and then the start switch 41a is pushed to start the programmed optometry. The program optometry starts from the naked-eye visual acuity test, and thereafter, basically by pushing the feed switch 41b, the front spectacle visual acuity test (when the front spectacles are held), the subjective test, and the prescription value determination are performed in this order. In addition, by performing the objective test first,
It is possible to grasp the refraction state (presence of myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, etc.) of the subject from the objective value data, and it can be useful for predicting the visual condition and eye fatigue at the time of an interview.

The objective eye refractive power measuring device 3 is used for SPH (spherical power), CYL (astigmatic power), and AXIS of the left and right eyes.
When the objective value data (PD) and the PD (interpupillary distance) data are obtained, the print switch of the objective-type eye-refractive-power measuring device 3 is pressed to release the relay unit 6.
The data is stored in the memory 56 through the microcomputer computer 55. After that, by pressing the input switch of the controller 5 and then the objective value switch, the memory 56
The data stored in the memory is transferred to and stored in the objective value memory area of the memory 52 on the controller 5 side. Further, the objective value data is copied and stored in the subjective value memory area of the memory 52 under the control of the microcomputer circuit 50, and the objective value data stored in the display 30 via the display circuit 53 is stored.
Display the data. FIG. 4 is a display example at this time, and the central display portion 80 of the display screen displays the copied data (consciousness value data = objective value data) in the awareness value memory area.
On the left and right display portions 81 of the central display portion 80, the objective value data which is the previous data is displayed.

Further, the device relays an operation signal for operating the subjective-type refractive power inspection device 2 based on the objective value data.
Send to unit 6. Microcomputer circuit 55
The microcomputer circuit 60 which receives the operation signal via the drive circuit drives each motor 62 to dispose a predetermined optical system in the inspection window, and at the same time, the motor circuit receives the operation signal based on the PD data. 24 is driven to place the left and right lens units 10 at a predetermined interval. The objective value data may be input manually by operating the input switch group 38, instead of transferring the data by communication.

The examiner designates the measurement eye (right eye) with the measurement eye designating switch group 37 and presses the program start switch 41a to start the eye examination program. Microcomputer circuit 50 by the program start
Sets the measurement mode of the device to the naked eye measurement mode,
The predicted naked-eye visual acuity value is obtained based on the objective value data by selecting and specifying the measurement eye. The means for obtaining this predicted naked eye visual acuity value classifies objective value data into the following four types,
This is performed based on the table A of visual acuity values according to the myopia power shown in FIG. 5 and the table A of table of accommodation power values according to age shown in FIG. These table tables A and B are stored in the memory 51 in advance. In this specification, the CYL value is read in the negative.

When the objective SPH is 0 or negative, C
When YL = 0 (only for emmetropia or myopia only), the expected visual acuity value is obtained from the SPH value according to the table A. If the objective SPH is 0 or negative and CYL is present
(Astigmatism only or astigmatism with myopia) When the CYL value is equivalent to SPH, the expected visual acuity value is obtained from the value obtained by adding the CYL value to the SPH value based on the table A. The predicted visual acuity value based on the table A may be obtained from the equivalent spherical surface value obtained by adding half of the CYL value to the SPH value. These two methods may be selected in advance according to the examiner's policy.

The objective value SPH is positive, and CYL = 0.
Since the influence of accommodation power is great in the case of hyperopia (when it is only hyperopia) , the accommodation power according to age is first obtained from Table B. The accommodative value according to age can be obtained by inputting the age at the time of interview. After that, the SPH value is subtracted from the obtained accommodation power value, and when the value is negative, the value corresponding to the lack of accommodation power is regarded as the near-sighted dioptric power and the predicted visual acuity value is obtained based on the table A. When the value is 0 or positive, the accommodation power is sufficient (assuming that the myopia power is 0 according to the table A), and the predicted visual acuity value is 1.0.

The objective value SPH is positive, and CYL is
If the value obtained by subtracting the SPH value from the adjustment value based on the table B calculated according to age is negative (when there is astigmatism due to hyperopia) , CY is added to the value.
The L value is added to obtain the expected visual acuity value based on the table A (based on the same idea as above). When 0 or positive, the expected visual acuity value is obtained based on the table A using only the CYL value.

Upon obtaining the expected naked-eye visual acuity value, the micro-computer circuit 50 presents a test target having the visual acuity value as an initial value.
An optotype signal is sent to the optotype presenting apparatus 4 via 5. An example of the presented optotype at this time is shown in FIG. The optotype is masked so as to present one character in the left column. The examination starts from this optotype. The visual acuity value is input by operating the up / down keys of the switch group 41 to change the target on the mask up or down in response to the response read by the subject.

When the naked eye visual acuity measurement of the right eye is completed, the left eye is next designated and the visual acuity measurement is similarly performed. The microcomputer circuit 50 calculates the expected visual acuity based on the objective value data of the left eye, and causes the optotype presenting apparatus 4 to present the examination optotype having the visual acuity value. An example of a presentation target for the left eye is shown in FIG.
Shown in At this time, the optotype presents masking so that one character in the right column is presented as compared to the left column presentation with the right eye. The examiner inputs the naked eye visual acuity value of the left eye according to the visual recognition state of the subject. Subsequently, the binocular measurement designation switch is pressed to measure the visual acuity of both eyes. When the designation switch for binocular measurement is pressed, the microcomputer circuit 50 causes the right and left input visual acuity values of the higher visual acuity values to be presented. An example of presentation at this time is shown in FIG. This is an example in which the left eye has a higher visual acuity and the input visual acuity value is 0.4, so that the visual targets in different columns are presented to the presented visual targets for the right eye and the left eye. Masking is performed (in the case of two-row presentation, the optotypes in different rows than the one presented last are presented).

As described above, the present apparatus obtains the predicted visual acuity value based on the objective value data and starts the test from the presentation of the target of the predicted visual acuity value. The test can be performed in a shorter time than when it is performed, the burden on both the examiner and the subject can be reduced, and an accurate value can be obtained. Further, by presenting different targets according to the eye to be measured, it is possible to prevent an inaccurate visual acuity test due to the subject remembering the targets. When the naked eye visual acuity measurement is completed, the feed switch 41b
When the subject has the front spectacles, the front spectacles visual acuity test is performed according to the instruction of a message for confirming the presence or absence of the spectacles displayed on the display 30 by pressing.

Input of the front spectacle data will be described here. The front spectacle data is stored in the memory 56 by transferring the data from the lens meter 9 similarly to the objective value data and the like, and is then stored in the memory 56 by pressing the input switch and the front spectacle switch. The data is stored in the memory area (similar to the objective value data, it may be manually input by operating the input switch group 38 in addition to the data transfer by communication). This device preselects whether the initial setting of the subjective-type refractive power measuring device 2 at the start of the subjective test is an optical system corresponding to the objective value data or one corresponding to the anterior spectacle value data. It has a settable function (by setting on a set screen (not shown), the device finally copies the set data to the awareness value memory area). Therefore, the examiner can start the subjective examination by initializing the optical system corresponding to the desired data regardless of the order of input of the anterior spectacles data and the objective value data. ing.

The front spectacles visual acuity test is started by designating an eye to be inspected. The micro computer circuit 50 obtains the residual power based on the objective value data and the spectacle power data. Subsequently, the expected visual acuity value of the eyeglasses is obtained from the obtained residual diopter in the same manner as the calculation of the naked eye visual acuity value (the process of replacing the objective value data with the residual diopter is performed). Then, when the predicted visual acuity value obtained from the residual power is lower than the naked eye visual acuity value of the previous stage,
The measurement is started by presenting an optotype based on the naked eye visual acuity value, and otherwise presenting an optotype based on the expected visual acuity value obtained from the residual dioptric power. As with the naked eye visual acuity test, the presented visual target presents a different visual target depending on the eye to be measured, thereby preventing an inaccurate visual acuity test due to the subject remembering the visual target.

After the front spectacles visual acuity test is completed, the examiner performs a subjective test and a prescription value determination according to the program. When the prescription value is determined, press the print switch to output the inspection result. In the above description, the procedure according to the optometry program has been described, but even if the program optometry by this device is not performed, the naked eye switch and the front eyeglass switch are respectively pressed to perform the naked eye measurement mode and the front eyeglass measurement mode. Needless to say, the expected visual acuity value is also obtained by designating the measurement eye, and the visual target is presented based on this.

[0031]

As described above, according to the present invention,
Since the predicted visual acuity value is obtained based on the objective value data and the test is started from the target presentation of the predicted visual acuity value, the test is performed in a shorter time than when the visual acuity test is performed from a visual target that is far away. It is possible to reduce the burden on both the examiner and the examinee, and obtain an accurate value.
Further, by presenting different targets according to the eye to be measured, it is possible to prevent an inaccurate visual acuity test due to the subject remembering the targets.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an external view showing the overall configuration of an optometry apparatus that is an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a view of the controller 5 viewed from above.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram for explaining control of the device.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a display example on a display when measurement data of the objective eye refractive power measuring device is input.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a visual acuity value table based on the myopia power.

FIG. 6 is a table showing a table of adjustment value table according to age.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of each of presenting targets having expected visual acuity values of the right eye, the left eye, and both eyes, which are obtained from objective value data.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 Subjective refractive power measuring device 3 Objective eye refractive power measuring device 4 Target presenting device 5 Controller 38 Input switch group 50, 55, 60, 70 Micro computer circuit 51, 52, 56 Memory

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. In an optometric apparatus for presenting a test optotype by an optotype presenting apparatus to test the refractive power of an eye to be examined, objective measurement data obtained by objectively measuring the refractive power of the eye to be examined is inputted. Input means, a visual acuity value prediction means for obtaining a naked eye visual acuity value predicted based on the input objective measurement data, and a visual acuity value determined based on the predicted visual acuity value obtained by the visual acuity value prediction means. An optometry apparatus comprising: a presenting unit that presents a target to be held when starting an unaided visual acuity test. 2. The optometry apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the visual acuity value predicting means has a table of visual acuity values corresponding to spherical powers to be applied when objective measurement data is myopia. . 3. The visual acuity value predicting means of claim 1 has a table corresponding to the age and spherical power of the subject to be applied when the objective measurement data is hyperopia. Optometry device. 4. The visual acuity value predicting means according to claim 2 or 3, further comprising astigmatism processing means for converting the astigmatic power into a spherical power when the objective measurement data has astigmatism. Optometry device. 5. The optometry apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising designating means for designating and inputting an examination eye, and the control means comprises optotype changing means for changing an optotype of an expected visual acuity value presented by the designated examination eye. An optometry device comprising: 6. The optometry apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the optotype changing means is a masking means for changing the optotype position by masking. 7. The optometry apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the control means presents an optotype having a higher visual acuity value obtained by a naked-eye visual acuity test for the left and right eyes when both eyes are designated. 8. An optometry apparatus for presenting a test optotype by an optotype presenting apparatus to test the refractive power of an eye to be inspected, objective measurement data and front spectacles objectively measuring the refractive power of the eye to be inspected. Input means for inputting data, visual acuity value predicting means for obtaining a visual acuity value predicted based on the residual dioptric power obtained from the comparison of both data, and visual acuity value obtained at the time of the anterior spectacle visual acuity test. An optometry apparatus comprising: a control unit that causes a target to be presented by the optotype presenting apparatus to start an examination. 9. The optometry apparatus according to claim 8, further comprising: when the obtained visual acuity value is lower than naked eye visual acuity, the visual acuity index of naked eye visual acuity is presented to the optotype presenting apparatus to start the examination. An optometry apparatus having means.